Canada Research Articles

The Constitutional Difference in Canadian Asymmetry

This paper discusses how asymmetrical Canadian federalism contributes to neo-colonialism and therefore, also the social inequalities faced by Indigenous nations. Asymmetrical federalism has been heralded as a system that maintains a balance of power among the diverse nations that constitute Canada. However, many fail to recognize that Canadian federalism contributes to neo-colonialism, as it validates solely colonizers through the power division in the Constitution Act of 1982. Further, this power imbalance places Indigenous nations under the jurisdiction of the federal government. This greatly limits the ability of Indigenous nations to self-govern and be heard within the Canadian system of government. Through furthering neo-colonial power divisions, the Canadian federal system significantly contributes to social inequalities, such as poor healthcare coverage, faced by Indigenous nations.

The Inequitable Political Pillars of Canada’s Founding Nations

In conceptualising the Canadian federation and the driving force behind the state’s development, Peter H. Russel frames it as the conciliation of interests in the relationship between the three founding nations – Aboriginals, Anglophones, and Francophones. As the recent nation-wide demonstrations against the Coastal Link pipeline trespassing on Wet’suwet’en land has demonstrated, they are far from equal partners. The incident is indicative of a broader trend of the non-Aboriginal nations creating an environment that obstructs and disincentives Aboriginal participation in the daily functioning of Canadian society, politics being no exception. This exclusion is much to the detriment to the strength of Canadian society. Accordingly, this paper examines Aboriginal absenteeism from Canadian politics as to identify the obstacles to their meaningful political participation with the wider aim of aiding the redefining of the relationship between the founding nations that recognises the Aboriginal nation as an equal partner.

Élaboration d'un énoncé de position national sur la navigation des patients atteints de cancer au Canada.

Au Canada, le paysage des soins du cancer évolue et les infirmières en oncologie sont appelées à jouer de nouveaux rôles afin d'améliorer l'expérience des patients et des familles et de répondre à leurs besoins toujours changeants. L'un de ces rôles, la navigation des patients atteints de cancer (NPC), vise principalement à coordonner les soins centrés sur la personne et à guider les patients dans le système de santé. Dans plusieurs provinces et territoires du Canada, la navigation est devenue essentielle pour offrir des soins de grande qualité aux patients cancéreux. Depuis 2016, des chefs de file des soins infirmiers oncologiques se réunissent au sein d'un groupe national pour synthétiser leur compréhension de la navigation des patients en contexte canadien afin d'élaborer un énoncé de position national sur la NPC. Dans le présent article, nous analyserons l'historique de l'élaboration de l'énoncé de position sur la NPC que publiera prochainement l'Association canadienne des infirmières en oncologie (ACIO/CANO). Nous analyserons également les commentaires des participants aux ateliers tenus dans le cadre des congrès de 2016, 2017 et 2018, de même que les comptes rendus des réunions du groupe de travail national qui ont eu lieu pendant cette même période. Le présent article se veut un sommaire historique concis de l'évolution de la NPC au Canada, ainsi qu'un modèle pour les autres groupes aspirant à rédiger un énoncé de position consensuel.

Diplomacia Cultural en Canadá: explorando modelos, analizando resultados. Outlook of Cultural Diplomacy in Canada: models and results.

Estudio comparativo de los objetivos, recursos y diseño del despliegue de la diplomacia cultural de siete países en Canadá, identificando parámetros para medir su eficacia y, a partir de ello, delinear buenas prácticas y lecciones aprendidas que permitan robustecer la acción de México en países estratégicos para su política exterior.

Isolated Bone Lytic Lesions as a Form of Presentation of Gastric Cancer with Signet Ring Cells

Gastric cancer (GC) is still the second most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In addition, gastric cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in Korea, Japan, China, South America and Eastern European nations, with the lowest frequency observed in the United States and Canada. Metastatic gastric cancer is a therapeutic challenge for medical oncologists, especially those with bone marrow metastases. Bone marrow metastases occur in many solid tumors such as breast, lung, prostate and gastric cancer [1]. Our case is about a woman diagnosed of gastric adenocarcinoma with signet ring cells presenting with bone marrow infiltration.

Rare and new compounds in the Ni-Cu-Sb-As system: first occurrence in the Gomati ophiolite, Greece

The Gomati ophiolite (Northern Greece) is located in the Serbo-Macedonian Massif, in the Hellenides orogenic belt. It consists of altered peridotites hosting scattered chromitite bodies. The ultramafics are enclosed in Silurian gneisses and schists, and are partially in contact with late Cenozoic granites. The present work focuses on accessory minerals in the Ni-Cu-Sb-As system, found in a chloritized clinopyroxenite in contact with chromitite. The electron microprobe analyses revealed the presence of known minerals such as orcelite (Ni 5 As 2 ) and breithauptite (NiSb) and other new phases that cluster around the following stoichiometries: (Ni,Cu) 7 (Sb,As) 3 , (Ni,Cu) 2 (Sb,As), (Ni,Cu) 11 (Sb,As) 8 , Ni 3 As, Ni 5 (As,Sb) 2 and Ni 7 (As,Sb) 3 . As orcelite is a non-stoichiometric mineral, (Ni,Cu) 7 (Sb,As) 3 , Ni 5 (As,Sb) 2 and Ni 7 (As,Sb) 3 may correspond to Cu and/or Sb-rich terms of this phase. A mineral phase corresponding to (Ni,Cu) 2 (Sb,As) was first described in the Tulameen complex of Canada. A phase with stoichiometry Ni 3 As was found in the Bon Accord oxide body of South Africa. The (Ni,Cu) 11 (Sb,As) 8 probably represents a Cu-rich Sb analogue of the mineral maucherite (Ni 11 As 8 ). Such mineral assemblage in the Gomati ophiolite is puzzling. While ultramafic rocks contain Ni and As of magmatic origin, the presence of Sb, Ag, Au and Cu minerals could be indicative of a metasomatic enrichment, probably linked to the presence of fluids emanating from the granite body in contact with the Gomati ophiolite.

Dawn Wallin and Janice Wallace, eds., Transforming Conversations: Feminism and Education in Canada since 1970

Dawn Wallin and Janice Wallace, eds., Transforming Conversations: Feminism and Education in Canada since 1970

CHAOSMOSIS mAchInes, Toronto, Canada, 28 September 2019

CHAOSMOSIS mAchInes, Toronto, Canada, 28 September 2019

Dawn Wallin and Janice Wallace, eds., Transforming Conversations: Feminism and Education in Canada since 1970

Dawn Wallin and Janice Wallace, eds., Transforming Conversations: Feminism and Education in Canada since 1970

Universe of Support: Suburban Voters in Canadian Federal Elections

This chapter reviews the position of suburban voters within Canadian federal elections. In response to the impression that federal elections are won and lost in the greater Toronto area I ask - how do suburban voters factor into the campaign strategies of political parties? I examine the significance of suburban voters, emphasizing those in Toronto, as a contested demographic. I draw attention to the allocation of campaign resources through analysis of the 2019 party leader tours of the Liberals, Conservatives, and New Democrats. This is supplemented by an analysis of party platforms from 2008, 2011, 2015, and 2019 as a measure of campaign marketing. In doing so, I seek to address the nature of Canadian elections and normatively reflect on the consequences of this nature.

Physician-Assisted Deaths in Canada

Physician-assisted dying remains controversial even where it is legal. In Canada, the process (called “medical assistance in dying” [MAiD]) was

Canada

Canada

University of British Columbia’s International Student Initiative: Implications for Provincial Public Higher Education

The public and private universities and colleges of the Province of British Columbia (BC), Canada, have been given a green light to admit as many international students as they can by Canada and BC’s international education strategies, becoming important instruments of not just higher education policy but also immigration, trade and labour market policy. This paper examine this issue in the context of the BC’s flagship public university, the University of British Columbia (UBC), and the implications for both UBC and the BC higher education system in general. The paper finds a neoliberal policy disconnect between immigration, trade and labour market policy on the one hand, and domestic higher education policy on the other. With public universities such as UBC aiming to have over 30 percent of their students international by 2022, does attention to attracting international students reduce attention to the skills and training of BC and Canadian students?

Review of Working Towards Equity: Disability Rights Activism and Employment in Late Twentieth-Century Canada by Dustin Galer

No abstract available.

La participation sociale dans les résidences privées pour aînés

Le vieillissement de la population invite à étudier les résidences privées pour aînés, notamment sous l'angle du lien social. Après leur emménagement en résidence, plusieurs aînés veulent continuer de participer activement à la société. Cette recherche qualitative exploratoire a pour objectif de mieux comprendre les perceptions et les expériences d'aînés vivant dans une résidence privée par rapport à leur participation sociale, sur le plan de leurs relations interpersonnelles et de leurs activités de loisirs. Onze entrevues individuelles ont été menées auprès de personnes vivant dans des résidences privées pour aînés de la région de la ville de Québec, au Canada. Sur le plan personnel, les facteurs centraux pour la participation sociale sont l'adaptation au nouveau milieu de vie, l'implication dans ce milieu, notamment par le biais du bénévolat, ainsi que l'état de santé de la personne. En ce qui concerne l'environnement social, les facteurs importants sont la proximité géographique de l'entourage, une offre variée d'activités et la stabilité du personnel. Au final, des recommandations sont formulées au sujet des stratégies d'intervention et des pistes de recherche, lesquelles donnent suite aux constats énoncés, et ce, afin de mieux soutenir la participation sociale en résidence privée pour aînés.

The Lamb and the Tiger: From Peacekeepers to Peacewarriors in Canada by Stanley R. Barrett

<i>The Lamb and the Tiger: From Peacekeepers to Peacewarriors in Canada</i> by Stanley R. Barrett

Update on Worldwide Trends in Occurrence of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes in 2020.

Epidemiological data on pediatric type 1 diabetes (T1D), mainly incidence, have become increasingly available since the second half of the 20th century. Comparative incidence data across populations were only obtained since the 1980s. The 2019 IDF Atlas provides T1D incidence, prevalence and mortality estimates for children < 15 years for all 211 countries, but actual data were available for only 94 countries (only 3 low-income). The estimated prevalent cases were 600,900 and incident cases 98,200. Incidence remains highest in Finland (60/100,000/ year), Sardinia and Sweden, followed by Kuwait, some other northern European countries, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, Australia, New Zealand, USA and Canada. The lowest incidence is seen across East and South-East Asia. Globally, the average increase in incidence has been 3-4%/year over past decades, being steeper in low-incidence countries. Although T1D mortality has drastically decreased, there is still a higher risk compared with the non-diabetic population, especially in people with diabetic nephropathy.

Numerical characterization of downburst wind field at WindEEE dome

Downbursts are acknowledged for being a major loading hazard for horizontally-extending structures like transmission line systems. With these structures being inherently flexible, it is important to characterize the turbulence associated with the wind flow of downburst events being essential to quantify dynamic excitations on structures. Accordingly, the current study numerically characterizes the downburst wind field of open terrain simulated at the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) dome testing facility at The University of Western Ontario in Canada through a high-resolution large eddy simulation (LES). The study validates the numerical simulation considering both the mean and the turbulent components of the flow. It then provides a detailed visual description of the flow at WindEEE through the capabilities enabled by LES to identify the key factors affecting the flow. The study also presents the spatial distribution of turbulence intensities and length scales computed from the numerical model and compares them with previous values reported in the literature. The comparison shows the ability of the downburst simulated at WindEEE to reproduce turbulence characteristics similar to those reported from field measurements. The study also indicates that downburst turbulence is well-correlated circumferentially which imposes high correlated loads on horizontally-distributed structures such as transmission lines.

H2O Innovation, Canada

H2O Innovation, Canada

Hashtag Politics: A Twitter Sentiment Analysis of the 2015 Canadian Federal Election

We developed a split plot design model for analysis of sentiment toward federal political parties on the social media platform Twitter in the weeks prior to the 2015 Canadian Federal Election. Data was collected from Twitter’s Application Programming Interface (API) via statistical program R. We scored the sentiment of each Twitter message referring to the parties and tested using ANOVA. Our results suggested that the Liberal Party and New Democratic Party had more positive sentiment than the Conservative Party. Actual seat wins coincide with our results for the Liberal Party (which won 148 new seats) and the Conservative Party (which lost 60 seats), but positive sentiment for the New Democratic Party did not correspond to seat wins.