Camps Research Articles

Desegregating sexuality research: cultural and biological perspectives on gender and desire.

Scholarly investigations into male and female sexuality over the life course have long occupied two separate "camps": One focused on the biological aspects of sexuality and one focused on the sociocultural/political aspects. This bifurcated approach has been particularly ill suited for the study of sexual desire, a topic that has been generally undertheorized by sex researchers. A modern reappraisal of gender and sexual desire is proposed that takes into coordinated account both the biological and sociocultural/political factors that produce and shape subjective sexual desires over the life course. The specific relevance of this approach for three particular topic areas, adolescent sexual maturation, same-sex sexuality, and sexual dysfunction, is addressed. Methodological approaches to the study of gender and sexuality capable of investigating how cultural and biological factors intersect to shape the subjective quality of men's and women's desires at different points in the life course and within different sociocultural and interpersonal contexts are advocated.

PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN LOW MIDDLE CLASS URBAN COMMUNITIES IN PAKISTAN

We sought to evaluate the urban communities for prevalence of CHD risk factors and the feasibility of implementation of prevention programme. National Health Survey data of Pakistan Medical Association has shown that the risk factors for CHD are significantly prevalent in the urban communities of Pakistan. There are no national programmes of prevention of CHD, therefore implementation of prevention at the community level may be achievable. Therefore risk factors profile, socioeconomic status, social service infrastructure & motivation of the community must be known if such intervention is to be successfully implemented. Three communities, Korangi 4, Akhtar Colony and Metroville which are located around Karachi were visited by holding day camps. The demographic data collected included age sex household composition, rooms per house & members per house, monthly income and profession of the head of the household. History of CHD, diabetes, hypertension & smoking was recorded. in a questionnaire, height, weight, ECG, Blood pressure and serum cholesterol were determined. No formal social services were present in any of the three communities. The average income of subjects was 2281 Rupees per month and average age was 40.9 years. There were 6. 1 persons per house in 2.3 rooms per house. Sixty seven percent were employed and 33% had no job. Risk factors were prevalent so that 24% were current smokers, 34% had hypercholestrolamia 5.5%, had diabetes and hypertension was noted in 20% males and 30% of females. Our data showed that the CHD risk factors were significantly prevalent in our low middle class urban communities. There are no structured community based social organizations and motivation of the communities for prevention of CHD was weak. This data has helped us plan the type of intervention strategy and the steps required for implementation.

Analysis of Viktor Frankl's narrative on the experience of prisoners in concentration camps

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la estructura lexica mas importante en la labor de busqueda de Viktor Frankl en busca de sentido: un psicologo en el campo de concentracion. La recopilacion del texto fue analizado por el software ALCESTE (Analisis lexico por el contexto de un conjunto de segmentos de texto), un metodo computacional que tiene como objetivo descomponer un texto con el fin de obtener las estructuras mas importantes. Los significados que se encuentran divididos en tres categorias, subdivididas en dos ejes: facticidad y posicionamiento psico-existencial de los reclusos. Mediante este analisis se pudo identificar las palabras mas tipicas utilizadas por Frankl en su relato sobre la experiencia de los prisioneros en un campo de concentracion. Los resultados fueron discutidos con base en los derechos humanos y en la logoterapia y analisis existencial

Forcing of the Arctic Oscillation by Eurasian Snow Cover

AbstractThroughout much of the latter half of the twentieth century, the dominant mode of Northern Hemisphere (NH) extratropical wintertime circulation variability—the Arctic Oscillation (AO)—exhibited a positive trend, with decreasing high-latitude sea level pressure (SLP) and increasing midlatitude SLP. General circulation models (GCMs) show that this trend is related to several factors, including North Atlantic SSTs, greenhouse gas/ozone-induced stratospheric cooling, and warming of the Indo-Pacific warm pool. Over the last approximately two decades, however, the AO has been decreasing, with 2009/10 featuring the most negative AO since 1900. Observational and idealized modeling studies suggest that snow cover, particularly over Eurasia, may be important. An observed snow–AO mechanism also exists, involving the vertical propagation of a Rossby wave train into the stratosphere, which induces a negative AO response that couples to the troposphere. Similar to other GCMs, the authors show that transient simulations with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 3 (CAM3) yield a snow–AO relationship inconsistent with observations and dissimilar AO trends. However, Eurasian snow cover and its interannual variability are significantly underestimated. When the albedo effects of snow cover are prescribed in CAM3 (CAM PS) using satellite-based snow cover fraction data, a snow–AO relationship similar to observations develops. Furthermore, the late-twentieth-century increase in the AO, and particularly the recent decrease, is reproduced by CAM PS. The authors therefore conclude that snow cover has helped force the observed AO trends and that it may play an important role in future AO trends.

Feeling at home: Producing and consuming things in Karenni refugee camps on the Thai-Burma border

This article concentrates on production and consumption, particularly of food and textiles, and the contribution of such processes and bodily action to feeling at home, for the highly heterogeneous population of Karenni refugees from Burma living in camps on the Thai border. Looking at eating, weaving and wearing, I examine the implications and associations of the production and consumption processes and their similarities and differences with pre-exile life. I argue that an investigation into sensory aspects of such issues can illuminate how it feels to be a refugee, in a physical sense: to be out of one's familiar place and ecology, seeking actively to bring about a sense of being ‘at home’ in the exiled context of a border camp. Being displaced inevitably alters forced migrants' connections with the physical world of places, objects and other people of which they are a part. To focus on this aspect of forced migration, rather than following the more usual emphases on causes, protection and assistance, or psychosocial impacts, facilitates exploration of the fundamentally cultural processes through which refugees make meaning out of the rupture they have experienced. It is an approach that demonstrates local agency and makes it clear that refugees are not passive victims, but active agents working hard to make the best of their circumstances. For the Karenni as for other displaced and non-displaced peoples alike, an important part of feeling ‘at home’ is the cultivation of a sense of spatiotemporal continuity of place and of emplacement. Yet real, physical continuity of place is impossible for refugees: the camp is not and never will be the place whence they have come. I demonstrate that refugees make considerable efforts to create a sense of purpose and home in displacement, and that embodied knowledge and the opportunity for its repeated enactment, and especially, sensory experience, are central components in this. While the camp is in some ways perpetually becoming more like home, it will never quite be it. Nonetheless, repeated and active engagement in the present with the objects and actions of the past, are in a refugee setting particularly powerful and dynamic in forming and re-forming connections with the pre-exile past. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Editor's view - Two camps are arguing over whether children should be in daycare

Editor's view - Two camps are arguing over whether children should be in daycare

Characteristics of the medical status and living conditions of the homeless registered as tuberculosis patients in Nagoya City

An Investigation by questionnaire was conducted in 1996 to know the tuberculosis (TB) status and living conditions of 50 homeless people registered as TB patients at one of Nagoya city's 16 health centers. 1. All patients had one or more symptoms of TB, 64% of them showed positive TB bacilli on smear, and 35.3% of them had a previous history of TB treatment. However, only 15.2% suspected they had TB at the onset of symptoms. 2. Main reasons of seeking medical treatment: 28.6% arrived by ambulance after falling down from exhaustion, 25.7% had consulted with welfare agencies after the onset of symptoms, and 20.0% had been diagnosed during the treatment of other diseases. 3. When they were admitted to the hospital they had many concerns: 29.0% loss of income, 19.4% living expenses, 19.4% smoking prohibition, 12.9% admission fee, and 9.7% privacy. 4. They lived in the following: 42.9% construction camps, 20.0% parks or streets, 17.1% single room occupancy hotels, 17.1% daily or monthly paid apartments, and 11.4% sauna baths. 5. Past medical histories of the subjects included 40.6% injuries by labor accidents, and 25.0% stomach ulcers. Current diseases were 15.6% mental diseases, 15.6% liver diseases, 15.6% diabetes mellitus, and 9.4% alcoholic dependence. Seventy percent of them consumed alcohol daily (average pure ethanol 125 ml per day). 6. From the results outlined above, the following proposals relating to TB control of the homeless should be considered. 1) Educating the homeless as to the need for a health check when TB symptoms are present. 2) Opening a clinic for the homeless for easy access to consultation on TB. 3) Directly observed therapy short-course, for TB in the homeless. 4) Health examination of the employees of single-room occupancy hotels and sauna baths which are used frequently by the homeless. 5) A fundamental countermeasure to deal with alcoholic dependency among the homeless.

Promoting Recreation Skills in Severely Retarded Children

The importance of physical education and recreation activities for retarded children has been stressed from many quarters. Accordingly, in a summer day camp for retarded children, behavior modification procedures were examined as a means to increase cliii­dren’s participation iii recreational activities and to demonstrate that supervised staff members can serve as experimenters in camp setting as they modify behaviors that are of concern. Four studies were conducted m which camp personnel acted as primary ex­perimenters; the subjects of these studies ranged from single subjects to entire classroom groups. In the first study, on-task classroom behavior was examined for two boys who displayed higli rates of distractible behavior (e.g., shouting, throwing materials, runnmg, etc.). A token reinforcement procedure was sequentially applied to three different activity classrooms ni a multiple-baseline design. Similar contingencies were arranged for an entire class of children in a second study. Substantial increases iii the classroom participation of ah children were functionally related to the mtroduction of the ex­perimental contingencies. In a third study, the effects of adult social reinforcement on the appropriate play with basketballs and roller skates of a young Down’s Syndrome boy were assessed using a reversal design. Observations made during free play showed increases of 75% iii appropriate play during periods of adult social reinforcement. In the fourth study, extinctjon was employed using a multiple basehine design to reduce disruptive physical contact of a physically handicapped girl. Records kept on the daily number of disruptive physical contacts directed toward two staff members showed that durmg ex­tinction phases, disruptive behavior was nearly ehiminated. Taken together, these four studies demonstrated that (1) day camps can be significant teaching settings for young handicapped children, (2) childrens’ participation in healthy, physical activities can be increased by employing behavior modification procedures, (3) indigenous camp personnel with proper trainmg and supervision can carry out behavior modification techniques and demonstrate proyects with’out disrupting the normal camp routine and as a result have more time to supervise children’s activities, and (4) conditions need to be arranged to msure children’s participation if benefits are to accrue from recreation asid physical education activities.

Camps of the Tundra: politics through reindeer among Saami pastoralists - By Robert Paine

Camps of the Tundra: politics through reindeer among Saami pastoralists - By Robert Paine

Book Review of The Mediterranean from 50,000 to 25,000 BP: Turning Points and New Directions, edited by Marta Camps and Carolyn Szmidt

Book Review of The Mediterranean from 50,000 to 25,000 BP: Turning Points and New Directions, edited by Marta Camps and Carolyn Szmidt

On the destiny of deer camps and duck blinds: the rise of the animal rights movement and the future of wildlife conservation.

On the destiny of deer camps and duck blinds: the rise of the animal rights movement and the future of wildlife conservation.

L'instrumentalisation politique de la justice internationale en Afrique centrale

Malgre l’intensite des initiatives judiciaires portant sur l’Afrique centrale, la fievre denonciatrice des camps en conflit depuis le debut des annees 1990 n’est toujours pas apaisee. L’installation de rebellions au pouvoir a instaure des ordres autoritaires et transforme l’Est du Congo en terrain d’affrontement pour le pillage de ses ressources minerales. L’etude des processus judiciaires suscites par les crimes de masse commis au Rwanda et dans les pays limitrophes entre 1994 et 2003 et, tout particulierement, l’analyse retrospective du travail du Tribunal penal international pour le Rwanda (TPIR) souligne le tres important travail de verite et de justice realise pour juger les auteurs du genocide de 1994. Mais le bilan met aussi en evidence les apories et renoncements de la justice penale internationale qui, pour des raisons politiques et diplomatiques, n’a pas ose poursuivre les crimes du camp vainqueur, le Front patriotique rwandais (FPR), l’ex-rebellion actuellement au pouvoir a Kigali. Ce privilege d’impunite, en passe d’etre etendu aux crimes de guerre, crimes contre l’humanite, voire de genocide, commis en RDC entre 1996 et 2003, affaiblit la credibilite de la mission « ethique » de la communaute internationale et sa contribution au retour a une paix durable dans une region particulierement instable.

Bog sites and wetland settlement during the Mesolithic: research from a bog in central Scania, southern Sweden

Bog sites and wetland settlement during the Mesolithic: research from a bog in central Scania, southern Sweden The bogs Agerods Mosse and Ronneholms Mosse with their total area of 12 km(2), form a north-westerly arm of the Ringsjon Basin of central Scania, in the southernmost part of Sweden. In the 1940s and 1970s excavations of Early Mesolithic sites around and within the bog Agerods Mosse were carried out. In the middle of the 1990s new excavations were initiated in the bog Ronneholms Mosse for peat exploitation. A number of base camps and more than 100 small sites, most of them merely including a hearth and some refuse, have been identified. Stray finds of bone tools, deposits of flint blades, as well as parts of refuse layers have been discovered. One remarkable find is an arrow of hazel wood with microliths glued to the tip. (Less)

The Mediterranean from 50,000 to 25,000 bp: Turning Points and New Directions. Marta Camps , Carolyn Szmidt

<i>The Mediterranean from 50,000 to 25,000 bp: Turning Points and New Directions</i>. Marta Camps , Carolyn Szmidt

Back to school: Recreation therapy, it’s not just for camps anymore

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Camps of the Tundra: Politics through Reindeer among Saami Pastoralists. Robert Paine

<i>Camps of the Tundra: Politics through Reindeer among Saami Pastoralists</i>. Robert Paine

A randomized trial of novel upper limb rehabilitation in children with congenital hemiplegia

A randomized trial of novel upper limb rehabilitation in children with congenital hemiplegia

The Return of Caribou to Ungava, by A.T. Bergerud, S.N. Luttich and L. Camps

The Return of Caribou to Ungava, by A.T. Bergerud, S.N. Luttich and L. Camps

Is Ban ki Moon heading the UNs demolition squad

The United Nations failed to stop the hostilities between the LTTE and the Sri Lankan government. When thousands of Tamils were dying in the hands of the Sri Lankan state through aerial and artillery shelling for more than six months without a break, Ban ki Moon failed to stop the hostilities between the LTTE and the Sri Lankan armed forces. The UN failed to bring the perpetuators of the war crime to book. Over 280,000 civilians have been put in internment camps established by the government in Vavuniya without allowing the international media or UN agencies or any other non-governmental agencies to help despite outcries that the government armed forces were torturing civilians, but the UN is acting as a mute spectator. The UN can no longer act as a global organization for the betterment of humanity. Their officers are self-serving subservient to states that maintain them financially. Many international law and international relations experts argue that the UN should be completely reorganised, as all the administrative bodies, except the Social and Economic Council, are biased and lack the fortitude to bring global peace. Sri Lanka, a tiny island, in the Indian Ocean, is a classic example. Although not a major powerhouse for attracting the interest of global powers, with very little military power and receiver of military supplies from other countries, the corrupt behaviours of the UN’s top officials and their servile team could bring UN to its knees due. The global society needs to think that any single, powerful country can use nuclear weapons against one another, and even if the UN sends emissaries and the UN Secretary General visits, their support still goes to the violators in the end. Ban ki Moon has made sure that there would be no justice to the oppressed even from the highest citadel of humanitarian justice. Key words: Ban Ki Moon, United Nations, The League of Nations, Sri Lanka liberation tigers of Tamil Eelam, Tamils, genocide, civil war in Sri Lanka.

The Rom Arcane

Arcane is the name for my longer, more structured poems. The Rom Arcane came out of the experience in March 2008 of the pileup of trash in the streets of Naples. This ultimately was connected with attacks on the immigrant and native gypsy camps in Naples and other cities. My poem records the rise in fascism vis-à-vis the destruction of the Left in many places.