Cambridge Apostles Research Articles

The Cambridge Apostles, 1820-1914: Liberalism, Imagination, and Friendship in British Intellectual and Professional Life (review)

The Cambridge Apostles, 1820-1914: Liberalism, Imagination, and Friendship in British Intellectual and Professional Life (review)

W. C. Lubenow. The Cambridge Apostles, 1820-1914: Liberalism, Imagination, and Friendship in British Intellectual and Personal Life. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1998. Pp. xvi, 458. $59.95. ISBN 0-521-57213-4.

W. C. Lubenow. The Cambridge Apostles, 1820-1914: Liberalism, Imagination, and Friendship in British Intellectual and Personal Life. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1998. Pp. xvi, 458. $59.95. ISBN 0-521-57213-4.

A Defence of Empiricism

I am very much honoured to have been asked to make the closing speech at this Conference. Since this is the first time for over fifty years that a philosophical congress of this scope has been held in England, I hope that you will think it suitable for me to devote my lecture to the revival of the empiricist tradition in British philosophy during this century. I shall begin by examining the contribution of the Cambridge philosopher G. E. Moore. Though he first owed his fame to his book Principia Ethica (Moore, 1903) regarded as a work of genius by the Cambridge Apostles and their associates in Bloomsbury, who did not venture to question Moore's mistaken view of ‘good’ as an unanalysable non-natural quality, his reputation now chiefly rests on his subsequent defence of common sense.

Essays on Wittgenstein and Weininger. Studien zur Österreichischen Philosophie, Band 9 (review)

BOOK REVIEWS 461 Whitehead moved beyond classical accounts of "points" and "instants" toward a relativistic understanding of space/time. Lowe is cautious about reading too much of the later thinking into the pre-191o writings. Whitehead's interest in philosophy was satisfied mainly through his discussions with fellow members of the Cambridge Apostles who met regularly to discuss issues of a general nature. Among the Apostles McTaggart stands out as having had the most important influence on Whitehead's philosophical development. McTaggart 's staunch neo-Hegelianism served as a stimulus to Whitehead but he retained an independent outlook throughout. Readers of Process and Reality will be interested in Lowe's treatment of Whitehead's flirtation with Roman Catholicism and his subsequent agnosticism during the last decade of the nineteenth century. By 19~5 he had regained his theism and found a place for it in his system. Much care is given to the collaboration with Russell on Principia Mathematica during the first decade of the new century. Lowe corrects the oft-held belief that Whitehead let Russell do most of the work on the text. By a careful study of the correspondence, Lowe shows that Whitehead continually guided the joint enterprise toward more detailed proofs and elaborations. Russell frequently remained content with truncated arguments for his fundamental logical principles. Whitehead demanded that each argument receive sufficient articulation so as to enhance the pedagogical value of the work. Russell's atomic pluralism, which insisted that all relations were external to their relata, never appealed to Whitehead. During the period of the Principia, Whitehead chose to ignore that aspect of Russell's perspective. One difficult dimension of this decade-long collaboration is Russell's alleged affair with Evelyn Whitehead. Lowe argues that this relationship was never consummated even though Evelyn was and remained one of the three great loves of Russell's life. Whitehead somehow managed to overlook what must have been an obvious threat to the integrity of his marriage. Lowe's brilliant and definitive account in this first volume of a two-volume work brings us to the Whiteheads' move from Cambridge to London. Difficulties with University officials and a need for larger horizons compelled Whitehead to emerge from the cozy atmosphere of Trinity College where he had spent thirty highly creative years working on the frontiers of mathematics and logic. The second volume will take us from the years in London to Whitehead's life at Harvard, and should, no doubt, be as rich and insightful as the first. ROBERT S. CORRINGTON The Pennsylvania State University Allan Janik. Essays on Wittgenstein and Weininger. Studien zur OsterreichischenPhilosophie, Band 9. Amsterdam: Rodopi B.V., 1985. Pp. 161. Paper, $18.95. In 1973, Allan Janik and Stephan Toulmin published Wittgenstein's Vienna in which they explored the intellectual atmosphere of the city in which Wittgenstein grew to intellectual maturity. Both Toulmin, who had been a student of Wittgenstein's at 46~ JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY ~5:3 JULY 1987 Cambridge, and Janik, who was interested in Wittgenstein and Schopenhauer, suspected that Wittgenstein might more accurately be seen as a Viennese intellectual dealing with the problems pervading the late Habsburg empire than simply as the successor of Frege and Russell who comes to dominate English and American philosophy . In the section on method in Wittgenstein's Vienna, Janik and Toulmin carefully avoided claiming that their picture of Wittgenstein and Vienna explained the Tractatus or the Philosophical Investigations, but they suggested that Wittgenstein is more intelligible as both a man and a thinker when viewed against his complete historical context, rather than when he is seen solely as a misfit in Cambridge in his last years. Janik has continued exploring themes connected with pre-World War I Austrian philosophy and has emphasized the connection between thinkers in this milieu with the new image of Wittgenstein which is emerging from the wealth of Wittgensteiniana now appearing. The present volume is a group of non-consecutive essays written from 1966 to 1984 in which Janik argues in favor of recognizing Austrian philosophy as something to be understood in terms of the special circumstances of the late Hapsburg empire and its demise. One of its...

The Acts of the Apostles [review of Paul Levy, <i>Moore: G.E. Moore and the Cambridge Apostles</i>

The Acts of the Apostles [review of Paul Levy, <i>Moore: G.E. Moore and the Cambridge Apostles</i>

Book Notes

THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF IMPERIALISM: Its Theoretical and Polemical Treatment from Mercantilist to Multilateral Imperialism. By Dan NabuderePROTEST AND PARTICIPATION: The New Working Class in Italy. By John R. Low‐BeerTHE POLITICS OF ECONOMIC DECLINE: Economic Management and Political Behaviour in Britain since 1964. By James E. AltCRISIS AND LEGITIMACY: The Administrative Process and American Government. By James O. FreedmanILLUSIONS OF CONFLICT: Anglo‐American Diplomacy toward Latin America, 1865–1896. By Joseph SmithTHE FINAL SOLUTION AND THE GERMAN FOREIGN OFFICE: A Study of Referat D III of Abteilung Deutschland 1940–43. By Christopher R. BrowningALBANY TO ZEEHAN: A New Look at Local Governments. By Ruth AtkinsTHE CAMBRIDGE APOSTLES: The Early Years. By Peter AllenA CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY OF AUSTRALIA. By W.G. McMinn‘IT'S COMING YET…’: An Aboriginal Treaty within Australia between Australians. By Stewart HarrisGOVERNMENT POLITICS AND POWER IN AUSTRALIA. Edited by John Summers, Dennis Woodward and Andrew ParkinSTRUCTURAL ADAPTATION IN AN AILING ECONOMY: Report to the Study Group on Structural Adjustment (Crawford Committee). By Peter B. Dixon and Alan A. PowellNATIVES AND STRANGERS: Ethnic Groups and the Building of America. By Leonard Dinnerstein, Roger L. Nichols and David M. ReimersTHE OFFICE OF GOVERNOR‐GENERAL. By Paul HasluckTHE QUALITY OF POLICE EDUCATION: A Critical Review with Recommendations for Improving Programs in Higher Education. A Report prepared with the Support of the Police Foundation. By Lawrence W. Sherman and the National Advisory Commission on Higher Education for Police OfficersTHE WEALTH REPORT. Edited by Frank FieldTHE MACMILLAN DICTIONARY OF AUSTRALIAN POLITICS. Edited by Dean Jaensch and Max TeichmannOIL AND AUSTRALIA'S FUTURE: Economic, Social and Political Aspects. Edited by Theo van DugterenOIL AND WORLD POWER. By P.R. Odell. Fifth editionMATTHEW ARNOLD: Culture, Society and Education. By Imelda PalmerCAPTAIN JAMES COOK IMAGE AND IMPACT: South Seas Discoveries and the World of Letters. Volume II ‐ The Pacific Syndrome: Conditions and Consequences. Edited by Walter Veit

REVIEWS

The Rebel Lands: An Investigation into the Origins of Early Mesopotamian Mythology. By J.V. Kinnier Wilson with the assistance of Herman Vanstiphout The Book of Daniel. By André Lacocque The Gospel of Luke: A Commentary on the Greek Text. By I. Howard Marshall Jems: an Experiment in Christology. By Edward Schillebeeckx Jesus: The Man and the Myth, a Contemporary Chrtstology. By James P. Mackey The Ainu of Jesus. By Ben F. Meyer Jesus and the Gospel of God. By Don Cupitt Augustin über Schöpfung, Ewigkeit und Zeit. By E.P. Meijering Augustine on the Body. By Margaret Ruth Miles The Shape of Baptism: The Rite of Christian Initiation. By Aidan Kavanagh Wort und Eucharistie bei Origenes. By Lothar Lies Themes in Fundamental Moral Theology. By Charles E. Curran Free and Faithful in Christ, Volume I. By Bernard Hating La Mort et I'au delà. By Georges Habra Language, Metaphysics and Death. Edited by John Donnelly. New York, Fordham University Press, 1978, $20.00 (hardback), $8.00 (paperback). Structure and Creativity in Religion: Hermeneutics in Mircea Eliade's phenomenology and new directions. By Douglas Allen A History of Religious Ideas, vol 1: From the Stone Age to the Eleusinian Mysteries. By Mircea Eliade Theodora: Portrait in a Byzantine Landscape. By Antony Bridge English Chantries: The Road to Dissolution. By Alan Kreider The Collected Works of Erasmus: Literary and Educational Writings 1 and 2, Volumes 23 and 24. Edited by Craig E. Thompson Le Theatre des Jésuites dans les Pays de Langue Allemande. By Jean‐Marie Valentin The Cambridge Apostles: the Early Years. By Peter Allen The Cambridge Movement: The Ecclesiologists and the'Gothic Revival. By James F. White The Letters and Diaries of John Henry Newman. Volume I. Edited by Ian Ker and Thomas Gornall The Church in a Secularised Society. By Roger Aubert [and others] The Triumph of the Holy See. By J. Derek Holmes Toward Vatican III. Edited by D. Tracy, H. Küng and J.B. Metz Newton on Matter and Activity. By Ernan McMullin The Melancholy Science: An Introduction to the Thought of Theodor W. Adomo. By Gillian Rose Gottlob Frege: Posthumous Writings. Edited by H. Hermes, F. Kambartel, and F. Kailbach, translated by Peter Long and Roger White

REVIEWS

REVIEWS The Cambridge Apostles. The Early Years. By PETER ALLEN. Pp. x+266. Cambridge: University Press, 1978. £12.50 net. A. F. T. LURCOCK A. F. T. LURCOCK Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Review of English Studies, Volume XXXI, Issue 121, 1980, Pages 98–99, https://doi.org/10.1093/res/XXXI.121.98 Published: 01 January 1980

Carlyle and Tennyson

According to Sir Charles Tennyson, Carlyle met Tennyson at the Sterling Club as early as 1839, if not earlier. Previously, Sir Charles says, Carlyle had heard much about him from John Sterling, who had helped to found the Cambridge Apostles' Club, of which Tennyson had also been a member. D. A. Wilson, however, in his multi-volumed life of Carlyle says that the two first met in Carlyle's garden at Chelsea in the autumn of 1840. Sir Charles is more nearly right. Wilson's date is too late, for on 5 September 1840 Carlyle wrote to his brother: “Some weeks ago, one night, the Poet Tennison [sic] and Matthew Allen were discovered here, sitting smoking in the garden. Tennison had been here before, but was still new to Jane,—who was alone for the first hour or two of it. A fine large-featured, dim-eyed, bronze-colored, shaggy-headed man is Alfred; dusty, smoky, free-and-easy: who swims, outwardly and inwardly, with great composure in an inarticulate element as of tranquil chaos and tobacco smoke; great now and then where he does emerge: a most restful, brotherly, solidhearted man.” From the very first the friendship seemed to flourish. “He seemed to take a fancy to me,” Tennyson later told a visitor at Farringford in speaking of Carlyle's favorable treatment of him in the early forties. In those years Carlyle's reputation had already been firmly established by his French Revolution and his lectures; but Tennyson had not published the two volumes of 1842 which were to do much to give him fame. Both had found the road to fame a long, steep, and difficult one. Both had lost manuscripts: Carlyle that of the French Revolution, volume one; and Tennyson that of Poems, Chiefly Lyrical. Both had been battered much by hardships and disappointments. Carlyle, who was fourteen years older than the poet, had struggled over a much longer period before being acclaimed by the literary world. But the period of their fame would also be a long one, and in terms of rough chronology they enjoyed their fame during the same years.

Tennyson's Hail, Briton! and Tithon in the Heath Manuscript

The two following essays are separate studies joined by a common source. The unpublished Tennyson poems, Hail, Briton! and Tithon, are taken from the Heath MS. at the Fitzwilliam Museum in Cambridge, England.John Moore Heath was a college friend of Tennyson, a member, like him, of the Cambridge Apostles group. During the years of his closest friendship with Tennyson, 1883–35, Heath was an assistant tutor of Trinity College. The two men met there and corresponded often; at the same time they were both associated with other members of the old Cambridge group. Like most of these literati of the 1830's, Heath kept a Commonplace Book in which he laboriously and faithfully copied out the work of his friends, Arthur Hallam, Richard Trench, William Donne, Frederick, Septimus, Edward, and Alfred Tennyson. The flyleaf of his MS book Heath inscribed with the date September 24, 1832, clearly the } time at which he began to record the poetry. The Tennyson entries, however, he certainly made later, most of them in 1833, probably all within the limit 1835.

The Place of Coleridge in English Theology

John Stuart Mill once declared that Coleridge and Jeremy Bentham were the two creative minds in the English thought of their time. It was characteristic of Mill to take the impartial standpoint from which such dissimilar thinkers could be likened in originality and eminence. One fears that neither of them could have been equally dispassionate in judging the other, and it would be hard to say which would have felt the deeper resentment if he could have foreseen the company in which he was to be placed. The period to which they belong was not rich in speculative talent so far as England was concerned, and few will dispute the justice of Mill's compliment to the two men who really left an enduring mark. It will be the purpose of this article to look at Coleridge in his special relation to the progress of theology, an aspect of his writings by which he would himself beyond all doubt have been most anxious to be appreciated. Julius Hare declared that by his work in this field he had shown himself “the true sovereign of modern English thought.” Kingsley at his moment of deepest doubt on religious matters received Aids to Reflection with “utter delight.” The leaders of the Cambridge Apostles — particularly Maurice and Sterling — could find no words to express their indebtedness but those which St. Paul judged fitting in Philemon towards himself, and acknowledged that they owed to Coleridge their very souls. But while all are agreed that his influence was significant, perhaps beyond that of any one else, upon the development of thinking at that time in the English Church, there are reasons which make his precise place somewhat difficult to specify.

Society of the Cambridge Apostles

Journal Article Society of the Cambridge Apostles Get access George C. Boase George C. Boase 136, James Street, Buckingham Gate, S.W. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-XI, Issue 277, 18 April 1891, Page 316, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-XI.277.316f Published: 18 April 1891

The common sense of the exact sciences

A student of Trinity College and a member of the Cambridge Apostles, William Kingdon Clifford (1845–79) graduated as second wrangler in the mathematical tripos, became a professor of applied mathematics at University College London in 1871, and was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1874. The present work was begun by Clifford during a remarkably productive period of ill health, yet it remained unfinished at his death. The statistician and philosopher of science Karl Pearson (1857–1936) was invited to edit and complete the work, finally publishing it in 1885. It tackles five of the most fundamental areas of mathematics - number, space, quantity, position and motion - explaining each one in the most basic terms, as well as deriving several original results. Also demonstrating the rationale behind these five concepts, the book particularly pleased a later Cambridge mathematician, Bertrand Russell, who read it as a teenager.