Calprotectin Levels In Patients Research Articles

Dietary intake of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts decreases fecal calprotectin levels in patients with ulcerative colitis

Dietary intake of sulforaphane-rich broccoli sprouts decreases fecal calprotectin levels in patients with ulcerative colitis

The relationship between interleukin 1-B and calprotecin in periodontal Disease

Backgrounds: One of the most common diseases affecting the oral cavity in humans is periodontitis. Researchers looked at the effects of calprotectin and IL-1B in human gingival Among the cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, IL-1β, an inflammatory cytokine, can be highlighted for its contribution to stimulating the recruitment and differentiation of osteoblasts in tissues. Calprotectin is a heterodimer protein consisting of two calcium-bindinglinkages, belonging to the S-100 family.Materials and method: Ninety samples (patient and control) were obtained for the study between July 2023 and December 2024. Of them, sixty samples came from patients who saw periodontists in outpatient clinics and at Balad General Hospital. A sterile cotton swab (transport cotton swab) was used to obtain the sample. Using a syringe and a 5-milliliter Slim syringe, blood was drawn for 79 medical devices and then put into gelatinous gel tubes. The blood was then allowed to clot for fifteen minutes, sediment on the central computer at 3500 for one minute, and the serum was separated and kept in Eppendorf tubes with a 2-milliliter top at room temperature. The bacterial isolates were identified using physiological and biochemical assays, and the sample was held for 20 AD before being employed in the decimal filter. immunological examination The levels of immunological proteins calprotectin and human interleukin (IL-1β) were measured using ELISA technique. Results: IL-1B level in patients with Periodontitis recorded that (50.3±26.7) in comparison with control group that were (49.8±21.8,9.85±4.28) .While calprotectin level in patients with Periodontitis recorded that (10.79±2.69) in comparison with control group that were (9.85±4.28). Conclusion: Most common causes of Periodontitis was Prophyromonas gingivalis ,Staph. Aureus, Strep. Pyogenes. functional polymorphisms in the IL-1 B were not related to the calprotectin in development in Periodontitis prevalent diseases.

Efficacy of Beclomethasone Dipropionate in Lowering Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis in Clinical Remission and at Risk of Relapse: The Becalcu Randomized, Controlled Trial

Introduction: Identifying novel treatment strategies for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and at risk of relapse is critical. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) in lowering fecal calprotectin (FC) levels in UC patients in clinical remission and at risk of relapse. Methods: This multicenter study comprised a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase (part I) and an open-label, non-randomized phase (part II). Eligible participants with UC in clinical remission treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid and with FC levels ≥250 μg/g were randomized to receive 5 mg/day of BDP or placebo for 4 weeks (part I). At week 5, patients with FC ≥100 μg/g were treated with 5 mg/day of BDP for 4 weeks (part II), and FC levels were tested at week 9. Results: Forty-three patients were randomized: 22 received BDP (group A) and 21 placebo (group B). At week 4, 13 patients (59.1%) in group A and 3 (17.6%) in group B had FC levels <100 μg/g (p value = 0.010). In the double-blind phase of the study, no patient relapsed in group A and 4 in group B (p value = 0.049). Both treatment groups showed a favorable safety profile, with the most common adverse events being gastrointestinal disorders. Conclusion: In this multicenter, randomized clinical trial including patients with UC in clinical remission but with elevated FC, BDP was efficacious in reducing FC and well-tolerated.

Evaluation of the Role of Serum Calprotectin in the Follow Up of Egyptian Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients

Abstract Background The term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) describes disorders in which the intestines be inflamed. It has often been thought that they are due to an autoimmune disease. Two major types of IBD are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). UC is limited to the colon. CD can involve every part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Objective To compare between serum and faecal calprotectin regarding their role in follow up of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Patients and Methods An observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 25 patients admitted to Tropical medicine department, Ain Shams University Hospitals. Results Calprotectin is highly resistant to proteolysis and can hold in the stool sample for up to 7 days at room temperature. Higher levels of serum calprotectin were linked to a severe inflammatory state in the colon as well as significant clinical symptoms in UC patients. Also, serum calprotectin, CRP, and ESR levels were compared to IBD activity and it was detected that serum calprotectin levels had more sensitivity and specificity than CRP and ESR in identifying IBD activity. Serum calprotectin levels in patients with IBD activity either UC or CD groups, were considerably more than in remission. SC and FC levels were higher levels in clinically active IBD comparing with inactive IBD. Conclusion Serum calprotectin levels are higher in patients with IBD and are related to clinical activity. High serum calprotectin levels can distinguish between patients who are clinically active and those who are in remission in both UC and CD groups. Our findings show that serum calprotectin may be a promising simple diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for IBD however more research is needed to reach a judgment in this regard.

Valoración de la transición de vedolizumab intravenoso a subcutáneo en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

AimsThe aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical and biochemical response of inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with vedolizumab, 16 weeks after transitioning from intravenous (iv) to subcutaneous (sc). MethodsAn observational, prospective, single-center cohort study was performed. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease and maintenance treatment with vedolizumab, stable for at least 4 months, were offered to switch to sc formulation. At the same time of treatment administration a blood test was performed, with vedolizumab levels and fecal calprotectin. ResultsForty-three patients were included, 12 of them (27.9%) chose to transition to sc formulation. All included patients remained in remission during follow-up. At week 16 no significant differences were found in terms of calprotectin levels in patients on iv treatment (mean 146.6±SD 45.9) vs. sc (159.26±53.9) (p=0.9). Vedolizumab serum levels at week 16 were higher in the sc group (22,364.3±5141.6) vs. iv (11,425.9±1514.2) (p=0.009). At week 16, 9 (75%) of the patients in the sc group were highly satisfied with the medication and 11 (91.7%) considered it easy to administer. Four patients (12.9%) in the iv group and 2 (16.6%) in the sc group presented mild adverse effects. The 2 cases (100%) of the sc group the adverse event was local inflammation at the injection site. ConclusionIn our experience, vedolizumab sc is a convenient alternative to iv administration. Vedolizumab serum levels in patients who transitioned to sc were higher than iv formulation.

Fecal calprotectin levels in patients with non-celiac wheat sensitivity: a proof of concept

Some data suggest the existence of intestinal inflammation in patients with non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS). We aimed to verify whether fecal calprotectin (FCP), a marker of intestinal inflammation, could be used to confirm this inflammatory status and to test its diagnostic performance in differentiating NCWS from irritable bowel syndrome/functional dyspepsia (IBS/FD). We conducted a multicenter study, comparing NCWS patients, diagnosed by a double-blind placebo-controlled wheat challenge, with IBS/FD subjects. In the retrospective phase, FCP values were analyzed to define the prevalence of its positivity and its role as a NCWS diagnostic biomarker. In the prospective phase we tested the effects of a strict 6-month wheat-free diet (WFD) on FCP values. 31.3% (n = 63/201) of NCWS patients had above normal FCP values (NCWS FCP +), whereas all IBS/FD patients proved negative (P = 0.0001). FCP using a cut-off value > 41 µg/g showed a 58.6% sensitivity and a 98.0% specificity (AUC 0.755, 95% C.I. 0.702–0.837) in distinguishing NCWS from IBS/FD patients. Of the 63 NCWS FCP+, 65.1% had negative FCP values after ≥ 6 months of WFD, with a significant reduction in FCP values (P < 0.0001). All NCWS FCP- subjects still preserved negative FCP values after ≥ 6 months of WFD. Our study showed that FCP can be a useful but supplementary diagnostic marker for differentiating between NCWS and IBS/FD. Strict WFD adherence reduced FCP values, normalizing them in 65.1% of NCWS FCP + subjects. These data suggest the existence of two NCWS subgroups: NCWS FCP + characterized by a probable predominantly inflammatory/immunologic pattern and NCWS FCP− featuring non-immuno-mediated etiopathogenetic mechanisms. (Registration number NCT01762579).

P797 Assessment of pharmacokinetics and clinical response in patients transitioning from intravenous to subcutaneous vedolizumab

Abstract Background Vedolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against α4β7 integrin used in inflammatory bowel disease (IBS) patients1. The usual dosage of Vedolizumab is 300 mg intravenously (iv). Recently the subcutaneous (sc) formulation (108 mg every 2 weeks) has been approved, which provides more independence for the patient, avoiding visits to the hospital and possible inconveniences associated with it2. Methods The aim of the study is to evaluate the clinical and biochemical response of IBS patients treated with vedolizumab, 16 weeks after transitioning from iv to sc. An observational, prospective, single-center cohort study was performed. Patients with IBS and maintenance treatment with vedolizumab, stable for at least 4 months, were offered to switch to sc formulation. At the same time of treatment administration a blood test was performed, with vedolizumab levels and fecal calprotectin. Clinical index as Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI)/Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (SCCAI) and questionaries (IBDQ-9 and TSQM) were performed on each visit. Results 43 patients were included, 12 of them (27.9%) chose to transition to sc formulation. Baseline characteristics of both groups are shown in Table 1. 34 (79.1%) patients were prescribed vedolizumab due to previous biologic failure, 7 (16.3%) in first line due to comorbidities and 2 (4.7%) because of adverse effects in prior treatment. All included patients remained in remission during follow-up. At week 16 (w16), no significant differences were found in calprotectin levels in patients on iv treatment (mean 146.6 ± SD 45.9) vs sc (159.26 ± 53.9) (p 0.9). Vedolizumab serum levels at w16 were higher in the sc group (22364.3 ± 5141.6) vs. iv (11425.9 ± 1514.2), with statistically significant differences (p 0.009). At w16, 9 (75%) of the patients in the SC group were highly satisfied with the medication and 11 (91.7%) considered it easy to administer. 1 patient (8.3%) in the sc group returned to iv treatment. 4 patients (12.9%) in iv and 2 (16.6%) in sc treatment presented mild adverse effects. The 2 cases (100%) of the sc group the adverse event was local inflammation at the injection site. Conclusion In our experience, vedolizumab sc is a safe and convenient alternative to iv administration. Vedolizumab serum levels in patients who transitioned to sc were higher than iv formulation. 1. Smith, Michael A et al. "Vedolizumab: an α4β7 integrin inhibitor for inflammatory bowel diseases." The Annals of pharmacotherapy vol. 48,12 (2014): 1629-35. 2. Vermeire, Séverine et al. "Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Vedolizumab in Patients With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease: Results From the VISIBLE 2 Randomised Trial." Journal of Crohn's &amp; colitis vol. 16,1 (2022): 27-38.

Serum Versus Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Patients with Severe Obesity Before and 6 Months After Roux-Y-Gastric Bypass: Report of the Prospective Leaky-Gut Study.

Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, including intestinal inflammation based on fecal or serum calprotectin (FC-SC) measurement. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) improves obesity-related parameters. However, the association between FC-SC levels and postoperative course and the link with metabolic and inflammatory phenotypes before and after RYGB remains unclear. We determined SC levels in 48 patients before (T0) and 6 months after (T6M) RYGB. We then analyzed postoperative changes in FC-SC levels and the relationship with inflammation and metabolic status. Twenty-three patients (48%) had elevated SC levels (˃2.9 μg/mL) at T0 and T6M. Six of 29 patients (20.7%) had elevated FC concentrations (>50 μg/g) at T0 vs. 16 of 17 patients (94.1%) at T6M (p=0.006). At T0, FC levels correlated with BMI (Rho=0.63; p=0.001) and systemic inflammation (CRP: Rho=0.66, p=0.0006; IL-6: Rho=0.48, p=0.03; haptoglobin: Rho=0.75; p= 0.0006). SC tended to be positively associated with triglyceride levels (Rho=0.34; p=0.08), BMI (Rho=0.34; p=0.08), and inflammatory markers (CRP: Rho=0.33; p=0.09; IL-6: Rho=0.36; p=0.06). FC levels were associated with increased jejunal IL-17+CD8+ T-cell densities (Rho:0.90; p=0.0002). FC and SC were correlated together at T0 (Rho=0.83; p<0.001) but not at T6M. At T6M, SC decreased by 53.6%, whereas FC increased by 79.7%. SC and FC were not associated with any of the variables studied at T6M. FC is a surrogate marker of systemic and intestinal inflammation and adiposity, whereas SC only tends to correlate with systemic inflammation. At 6 months after RYGB, SC-based systemic inflammation decreased, whereas FC-based intestinal inflammation increased. FC and SC levels follow different trajectories and are unrelated to improvements following bariatric surgery.

S972 Association of Bowel Urgency and Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in the Study of a Prospective Adult Research Cohort With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

S972 Association of Bowel Urgency and Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in the Study of a Prospective Adult Research Cohort With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Calprotectin, Biomarker of Depression in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

Background and Objectives: Calprotectin is a marker for intestinal inflammation. Recent research suggests a link between inflammation and depression. This study assessed the association between the levels of calprotectin in patients from South-Eastern Europe and the severity of depression, anxiety, and quality of life. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 confirmed patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) who were assessed using clinical interviews for determining the severities of mental disorders (i.e., depression severity-PHQ-9, anxiety-GAD-7) and the quality of life (EQ-5D). Stool samples were collected from all participants for measuring their levels of calprotectin. Results: The level of calprotectin is correlated with PHQ-9 (ρ = 0.416, p = 0.022) and EQ-5D (ρ = -0.304, p = 0.033) but not with GAD 7 (ρ = 0.059, p = 0.379). Calprotectin levels in patients with mild, moderate, and moderately severe depression were significantly higher than in patients with minimal depression (198 µg/g vs. 66,9 µg/g, p = 0.04). Calprotectin level was corelated with the following depressive symptoms: autolytic ideation (ρ = 0.557, p = 0.001), fatigue (ρ = 0.514, p = 0.002), slow movement (ρ = 0.490, p = 0.003), and sleep disorders (ρ = 0.403, p = 0.014). Calprotectin was an independent predictor of depression with an odds ratio of 1.01 (95%: 1.002-1.03, p < 0.01). An ROC analysis showed that a level of calprotectin of 131 µg/g or higher has a sensitivity of 82%, a specificity of 61%, and an accuracy of 70% for predicting depression. In this study, no significant correlations were found between calprotectin level and anxiety. Conclusions: Calprotectin levels are associated with the severity of depression, and checking for a calprotectin level of 131 µg/g or higher may be a potential accessible screening test for depression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Determination of calprotectin levels in patients with cataract surgery

Determination of calprotectin levels in patients with cataract surgery

The importance of serum calprotectin level in patients with lymphoma

The importance of serum calprotectin level in patients with lymphoma

Elevated calprotectin levels are associated with mortality in patients with acute decompensation of liver cirrhosis.

Acute decompensation (AD) of cirrhosis is related to systemic inflammation and elevated circulating cytokines. In this context, biomarkers of inflammation, such as calprotectin, may be of prognostic value. To evaluate serum calprotectin levels in patients hospitalized for complications of cirrhosis. This is a prospective cohort study that included 200 subjects hospitalized for complications of cirrhosis, 20 outpatients with stable cirrhosis, and 20 healthy controls. Serum calprotectin was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Calprotectin levels were higher among groups with cirrhosis when compared to healthy controls. Higher median calprotectin was related to Child-Pugh C, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy. Higher calprotectin was related to acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and infection in the bivariate, but not in multivariate analysis. Calprotectin was not associated with survival among patients with ACLF; however, in patients with AD without ACLF, higher calprotectin was associated with a lower 30-d survival, even after adjustment for chronic liver failure-consortium (CLIF-C) AD score. A high-risk group (CLIF-C AD score ≥ 60 and calprotectin ≥ 580 ng/mL) was identified, which had a 30-d survival (27.3%) similar to that of patients with grade 3 ACLF (23.3%). Serum calprotectin is associated with prognosis in patients with AD without ACLF and may be useful in clinical practice to early identify patients with a very low short-term survival.

Prognostic Role of Post-Induction Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with Biological Therapies.

Background: There is currently scarce knowledge about markers of early therapeutic response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with biologics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of fecal calprotectin (FC) as an early predictor of mucosal healing and clinical remission. Methods: Data from a multicenter series of 172 IBD patients treated with biologics between 2017 and 2020 were analyzed. Treatment outcomes were mucosal healing and clinical remission assessed at 2 years. FC levels were assessed at 14 weeks (post-induction), at 6 months, and yearly. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to calculate the best cut-off in % change of FC levels between post-induction and baseline predicting treatment outcomes. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for several post-induction FC cut-off points were also calculated. Results: At 2 years, mucosal healing was noted in 77 patients (44.7%), of whom were 41 Crohn’s disease (CD) and 36 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, whereas 106 patients experienced clinical remission (61.6%), of whom were 59 CD and 47 UC patients. Both baseline and post-induction FC levels were significantly higher in non-responders as compared to responders. On the other hand, FC decrease was less pronounced in non-responders. Similar results were observed in all subgroups, namely according to disease (CD vs. UC), or treatment used (TNF-inhibitors vs. vedolizumab). The best cut-off points were −86% in % change in FC levels to predict mucosal healing and −83% for clinical remission. Conclusions: The current study suggests a predictive role of post-induction FC assessment to predict treatment response in IBD patients treated with biologics.

Circulating Calprotectin as a Predictive and Severity Biomarker in Patients with COVID-19.

Background: New tools for the assessment and prediction of the severity of hospitalized COVID-19 patients can help direct limited resources to patients with the greatest need. Circulating levels of calprotectin (S100A8/S100A9) reflect inflammatory activity in multiple conditions, and have been described as being elevated in COVID-19 patients, but their measurement is not routinely utilized. The aim of our study was to assess the practical and predictive value of measuring circulating calprotectin levels in patients at admission and during their hospitalization. Methods: Circulating calprotectin levels were measured in 157 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 using an automated quantitative chemiluminescent assay. Results: Circulating calprotectin levels were strongly correlated with changing respiratory supplementation needs of patients. The overall trajectory of circulating calprotectin levels generally correlated with patient improvement or deterioration. Conclusions: Routine measurement of circulating calprotectin levels may offer a valuable tool to assess and monitor hospitalized patients with COVID-19, as well as other acute inflammatory conditions.

Pre-diagnostic faecal calprotectin levels in patients with colorectal cancer: a retrospective study

BackgroundFaecal calprotectin (FC) is a potential biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. There is uncertainty if tumor characteristics are associated with FC levels. We investigated how tumor stage and tumor localization influence the extent of FC levels in patients with CRC in clinical practice.MethodsIn two cohorts of patients with CRC, we retrospectively analyzed FC tests (CALPRO®) performed within three months prior to diagnosis. One hundred twenty-four patients with CRC were included (mean age 68 years, 44% women).ResultsNinety-eight patients with CRC (79%) had a FC ≥ 50 µg/g. FC correlated positively with tumor stage (UICC based on WHO TNM classification) (rs 0.24; p = 0.007) and with CRP levels (rs 0.31, p = 001), and a negatively with B-haemoglobin (rs -0.21; p = 0.019). The patients with right-sided CRC had significantly more often a FC ≥ 50 µg/g than patients with left-sided CRC (92% vs 74% p = 0.027). In a binary logistic regression analysis, tumor stage III/IV (adjusted OR 3.47; CI 1.27–9.42) and right-sided tumor localization (adjusted OR 3.80; CI 1.01–14.3) were associated with FC ≥ 50 µg/g. Tumor stage III/IV (adjusted OR 2.30; CI 1.04–5.10) and acetylsalicylic use (adjusted OR 3.54; CI 1.03–12.2) were associated with FC ≥ 100 µg/g. In a cox regression analysis, a FC ≥ 100 µg/g was not associated with survival (Hazard OR 0.61; CI 0.24–1.52).ConclusionsElevated pre-diagnostic FC levels were common in patients with CRC in close proximity to diagnosis. Right-sided localization and tumor stage were significantly associated with a rise in FC levels.

P127 Type I collagen degradation fragments (C1M) and human neutrophil elastase-derived fragments of calprotectin (CPa9-HNE) reflect biochemical and endoscopic disease activity in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract Background Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are characterized by intestinal inflammation and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, which are key pathophysiological mechanisms in patients with IBD and highly related to mucosal damage. Alterations in intestinal ECM turnover as well as macrophage and neutrophil activity may be reflected by secreted products that are released into the systemic circulation. In this study, we aimed to investigate associations between serum biomarkers of neutrophil activity (serum calprotectin) and collagen degradation (mucosal damage), and disease activity in patients with IBD. Methods Serological biomarkers of collagen formation (PRO-C3, PRO-C4, PRO-C6), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated collagen degradation (C1M, C3M, C4M, C4G, C6Ma3) and intestinal inflammation (VICM [macrophage activity], human neutrophil elastase-derived fragment of calprotectin (CPa9-HNE [serum calprotectin, neutrophil activity]) were measured using Protein FingerPrint assay (PFA) technology in 100 patients with IBD (CD: n=44; UC: n=56). Biochemical disease activity was assessed using C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and available faecal calprotectin (FCal) levels. Endoscopic disease activity was determined using the Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) and Mayo endoscopic subscore for UC. Results C1M strongly associated with elevated CRP levels (defined as &amp;gt;5mg/L, P&amp;lt;0.001) in patients with IBD and significantly associated with faecal calprotectin levels in patients with UC (Spearman’s ρ=0.75, P&amp;lt;0.001). In patients with CD, C1M reasonably discriminated between patients with mild and moderate-to-severe endoscopic disease activity (AUC=0.73, P=0.01), whereas this discrimination was more subtle in patients with UC (AUC=0.68, P=0.08). CPa9-HNE levels were significantly increased in patients with elevated CRP levels (P=0.002 for both CD and UC) and associated best with faecal calprotectin levels in patients with CD compared with UC (CD: ρ=0.43, P=0.06; UC: ρ=0.20, P=0.45). Finally, CPa9-HNE levels were able to discriminate between mild and moderate-to-severe endoscopic disease activity in patients with CD (AUC=0.75, P&amp;lt;0.01). Conclusion C1M and CPa9-HNE levels associate with biochemical (CRP, FCal) and endoscopic disease activity in patients IBD, where C1M demonstrated higher accuracy in UC and CPa9-HNE appeared to be more useful in CD in this cohort. Therefore, C1M and CPa9-HNE could serve as surrogate biomarkers for the assessment of disease activity in patients with UC and CD, respectively. Our results should be validated in additional prospective, larger patient cohorts to corroborate these findings.

P539 COVID-19 is Associated with Long-term Elevated Fecal Calprotectin Levels in Patients with Crohn’s Disease but not in Ulcerative Colitis

BackgroundData regarding the long-term effects of COVID-19 on patients with Inflammatory bowel disease is scarce. Fecal calprotectin (FC) correlates with IBD clinical and endoscopic activity. We compared fecal calprotectin levels between patients with COVID-19 to a control group tested negative to SARS-CoV-2.MethodsWe gathered data from a large health medical organization in Israel of insured individuals who underwent a SARS-COV-2 PCR test from March 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020. Among patients with IBD, data regarding fecal calprotectin taken 30–365 days before SARS-CoV-2 testing was gathered. We compared fecal calprotectin levels taken at least 30 days following COVID-19 infection to those who tested negative.Results1924 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients and 949 Ulcerative Colitis (UC) patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2. 322 (16.7%) were tested positive in the CD group and 114 (13.7%) in the UC group.Pre-COVID-19 calprotectin levels did not show statistically significant differences between patients who ended up testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 and those who tested negative in CD (377 ±759.08 vs. 451.84±869, p-value = 0.4) and in UC (466.93±766.69 vs. 617.91 ±1243.99 p-value=0.37). Post-COVID-19 fecal calprotectin was higher among patients with CD who were tested positive than those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 (617.42±832.68 vs. 355.94±1207.46, p value=0.04). In a multivariate linear regression controlling for age, gender, BMI, smoking status, and pre-COVID-19 fecal calprotectin, SARS-CoV-2 positivity was associated with higher fecal calprotectin levels (p value=0.03). In contrast, there was no statistically significant change in fecal calprotectin levels among patients with UC and SARS-CoV-2 positivity (547.2±1089 vs.458.32± 689 p value=0.9). In a 2:1 propensity score-matched cohort (n=264), calprotectin levels were higher among patients with CD who suffered from COVID-19 compared to controls (657.64 vs. 384.94 p-value = 0.03)ConclusionPatients with CD who had COVID-19 have higher FC levels compared to similar CD patients who did not have COVID-19. This finding was not found in patients with UC.

Rozasea Hastalarında Fekal Kalprotektin Düzeyi: Bağırsak İltihabı Rozasea Tipi ile İlişkili Olabilir, Bir Vaka-Kontrol Çalışması

Objective: Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that has complex pathogenesis. The association between rosacea and inflammatory gastrointestinal tract disorders is a popular topic, and fecal calprotectin is a potential marker to diagnose intestinal inflammation of any cause. In this study, the aims were to determine the relationship between disease type, disease severity, and fecal calprotectin levels in patients with rosacea, and also compare the calprotectin levels between healthy controls and rosacea patients. Material and Methods: Forty-six patients with rosacea, and sex-age-matched 92 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Calprotectin levels of stool samples were calculated using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Results: Of these patients, 30 (65.2%) had erythematotelangiectatic type rosacea, and 16 (34.8%) had papulopustular type rosacea. There was not a statistically significant difference between the mean fecal calprotectin levels of the patient and control groups (p=0.414), whereas the mean fecal calprotectin levels of the erythematotelangiectatic type group was lower than the papulopustular type group, and this difference was significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, the underlying pathogenesis of different types of rosacea may be different, and the papulopustular type of rosacea may be more related to gut inflammation. In addition, we think that fecal calprotectin may be useful in evaluating intestinal inflammation especially in patients with papulopustular type and severe rosacea.

Assessment of Calprotectin in blood and tissue of Acne Vulgaris patients of different clinical severities

Abstract Background Acne vulgaris is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disease of the pilosebaceous unit with complex pathogenesis. Calprotectin is a heterodimer of two calcium-binding proteins S100A8 and S100A9, which are members of the S100 protein family, and which play a role in various inflammatory processes, it is mainly present in the cytoplasm of neutrophils and expressed on the membrane of monocytes. Objective to assess the level of Calprotectin in blood and in tissue of AV patients and compare it with healthy controls. Beside correlate it with the degrees of severity of acne in order to further understand the role of Calprotectin in the pathogenesis of AV. Subjects and Methods This case-control study included 28 subjects who have AV, divided into four groups according to Global Acne Grading System: the first group included 7 patients with mild acne, the second group included 7 patients with moderate acne, the third group included 7 patients with severe acne, and the fourth group included 7 patients with very severe AV. In addition to a control group which included 28 apparently healthy individuals of matched age, sex and with no previous history of acne or active acne. All the patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Al Haud Al Marsoud hospital from September 2019 till January 2020. After taking the approval of research ethics committee (FMASU M S 22/2019) all subjects gave an informed consent to participate in this work. Results Our study showed that the increase in AV severity was not affected by the difference in gender, type of acne, nor disease duration. However, there was a significant correlation between plasma calprotectin level and AV severity. In addition to, There was a significant statistical correlation between the increase in the age of patients and the decrease in the severity of acne, which indicates that AV is more severe in younger patients than older ones. The correlation between the Plasma Calprotectin level in patients group and Tissue Calprotectin level in inflammatory lesions (papules) was non-significant. However, the correlation between the Plasma Calprotectin level in patients’ group and Tissue Calprotectin level in non-inflammatory lesions (comedones) was highly significant. Conclusion Plasma Calprotectin level showed significant relation with AV severity and presence of scar. The correlation between plasma Calprotectin level and tissue Calprotectin level in noninflammatory lesions (comedones) was highly significant.