Calorimetric Device Research Articles

A fluid temperature interpolation method for wide temperature range distributed flow calorimeter.

The distributed flow calorimeter is employed to measure reaction enthalpy, mixing enthalpy, and other thermodynamic parameters of hydrocarbon fuels. This information serves as a foundation for selecting and developing hydrocarbon fuels for hypersonic flight. The fluid temperature in the tube is a key factor in characterizing its thermodynamic behavior. Given the challenges of monitoring fluid temperature within a tube using current flow calorimetry, a distributed method for calculating fluid temperature in tubes under high-temperature conditions is proposed. This method realizes the interpolation of the enthalpy function of the experimental fluid through several sets of experiments with varying power levels. The fluid temperature in the tube is calculated by considering the microelement as the research object. First, the methodology for calculating fluid temperature in narrow pipes across a wide temperature range is presented. Second, the simulation model of the flow calorimeter is established, and the methodology is verified through numerical simulation. Finally, a flow calorimetric experimental device is setup. N-decane was used as the fluid in the experiment, and the temperature was calculated, and the calculated results were compared with the NIST data. In the temperature range of 295.50-609.38K, the relative error range of the calculation of n-decane temperature is -0.61% to 1.24%. The experimental results show that the method can effectively estimate the fluid temperature of the distributed flow calorimeter.

Investigation the efficacy of antipsoriatic drugs by blood plasma thermoanalysis

AbstractPsoriasis is an immune cell-mediated mainly inflammatory skin disease where patients may become asymptomatic after systemic drug therapies or nevertheless mild-to-moderate symptoms or exacerbating of either severe symptom should be detected. In addition to know the general change of blood plasma, the aim of the recent study was to detect the effect of antipsoriatic drug treatment to the patients’ symptoms by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The study included patients of both sexes who had different symptoms despite treatment with antipsoriatic medication (cytostatic agents, retinoids, biological treatment, n = 10 in each group). After the examination by dermatologist, the definition of symptoms severity was established on PASI (Psoriasis Area Severity Index) score. Blood plasma calorimetric changes were measured with calorimeter device. In the examined psoriatic patients, the thermodynamic parameters: denaturation temperature and calorimetric enthalpy of the transitions in proportion, corresponded to the degree of disease severity after targeted treatments with cytostatic or retinoid agents or following biological response modifier therapy. In conclusion, plasma DSC profiles were associated with response to antipsoriatic agents, which was associated with the presence or absence of symptoms after treatment.

Comparison of Predictive Energy Equations and a Handheld Indirect Calorimetric Device in Obstructive Among Individuals with Sleep Apnea

Comparison of Predictive Energy Equations and a Handheld Indirect Calorimetric Device in Obstructive Among Individuals with Sleep Apnea

Methodology to Characterize Thermal Properties of Thin Film Superconductors Using a DynaCool Physical Property Measurement System

We describe a methodology to characterize heat capacity <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_{p}$</tex-math></inline-formula></b> of 1 μm thick Nb thin films at a temperature range of 60 K to 1.8 K. We used a commercially available relaxation calorimeter device by Quantum Design DynaCool Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS). The mass of thin films is negligible compared to the minimum coarse estimate required by the heat capacity module of the PPMS. To overcome this limitation, a vertical stack of multiple diced substrates of the same material with uniform dimensions of 2.5 mm x 2.5 mm was joined by cryogenically compatible grease to form a stack resulting in a larger effective mass of the target film. The critical behavior of heat capacity in the region of the transition temperature is demonstrated. The heat capacity of Nb thin films was measured by subtracting the total heat capacity of the joining grease and stack of substrate used as addenda. Results in this work prove that a vertical stacking approach is viable for measuring the behavior of deposited thin films.

Isothermal Titration Calorimetry in Biocatalysis

Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) is a popular chemical analysis technique that can be used to measure macromolecular interactions and chemical and physical processes. ITC involves the measurement of heat flow to and from a measurement cell after each injection during a titration experiment. ITC has been useful to measure the thermodynamics of macromolecular interactions such as protein-ligand or protein-protein binding affinity and also chemical processes such as enzyme catalyzed reactions. The use of ITC in biocatalysis has a number of advantages as ITC enables the measurement of enzyme kinetic parameters in a direct manner and, in principle, can be used for most enzymes and substrates. ITC approaches have been developed to measure reversible and irreversible enzyme inhibition, the effects of molecular crowding on enzyme activity, the activity of immobilized enzymes and the conversion of complex polymeric substrates. A disadvantage is that in order to obtain accurate kinetic parameters special care has to be taken in proper experimental design and data interpretation, which unfortunately is not always the case in reported studies. Furthermore, special caution is necessary when ITC experiments are performed that include solvents, reducing agents and may have side reactions. An important bottleneck in the use of calorimetry to measure enzyme activity is the relatively low throughput, which may be solved in the future by sensitive chip based microfluidic enzyme calorimetric devices.

Polysaccharides from Tamarindus indica L. as natural kinetic hydrates inhibitor at high subcooling environment

In an offshore system, hydrocarbon fluids are produced at deeper depths in the oceans, and extended pipelines delivering fluids over long distances are common. Subsequently, these practices increase the tendency of unprocessed water-containing hydrocarbon fluid to be exposed to lower temperatures and higher pressures conditions where hydrate formation is favourable. One of the solutions to resolve this problem is by introducing hydrate inhibitors preferably low dosage hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs). The more versatile LDHIs; Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors (KHIs) could further be optimised in cost and its biodegradation properties. The current study used an ionic, neutral, hydrophilic, mucoadhesive and highly branched Tamarindus indica L. polysaccharide (TSP). TSP as a new natural kinetic hydrate inhibitor due to its high methoxyl content. In this study, the polysaccharides were extracted using water-based extraction method which resulted in 61.3% yield. The performance of TSP in delaying the clathrate hydrates formation was evaluated based on the induction time recorded from the thermogram generated by a high pressure micro-differential scanning calorimeter device (HP-μDSC) at pressure of 5 MPa with subcooling degree of 17.3 °C. Three TSP concentrations (0.10 wt%, 0.25 wt%, and 0.50 wt%) were tested to determine the optimal concentration used to increase the delay time at the prescribed conditions while comparing it to a condition when there is no addition of TSP. The outcomes shows that TSP is able to delay hydrates formation at high degree of subcooling. The TSP works well at low concentration at high degree of subcooling while remain relatively economical and biodegradable.

Stress Method for Pre-Sowing Stimulation of Seeds and Determination of Their Bioenergy Capacity by Calorimetry

Introduction. To date, many different devices and methods have been developed for pre-sowing stimulation of seeds in order to increase yields and to maximize the seed bioenergy capacity.Problem Statement. However, the conventional methods for pre-sowing stimulation of seeds with subsequent determination of germination require a wide range of equipment and consumables plus long research time. Developing new methods of pre-sowing treatment and the development of new methods for determining the bioenergycapacity of sowing material is a promising field of research.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to study the stress method for pre-sowing stimulation of seeds and determination of its bioenergy capacity by the calorimetry method.Materials and Methods. To determine the bioenergy capacity of seed material, two batches of Myronivska-808 variety wheat seeds are taken, one of which is subjected to a stress in the form of impact on a rigid surface. The bioenergy capacity of the seed has been determined with the use of the calorimetric device B-08 M, according to DSTU ISO 1928:2006.Results. It has been shown that the bioenergy capacity before and after impact is 10842 kJ/kg and 12649 kJ/kg, respectively, the difference between them is 1807 kJ/kg. This indicates that as a result of the stress treatment of the seeds, their bioenergy capacity increases by 14.3%. At the same time, no seed damages caused by falling of the seed mass from a height of 3 m on a motionless surface have been found.Conclusions. An increase in the bioenergy capacity of seeds after impact by 14—15% indicates that the stress method of pre-sowing stimulation is rather effective. The use of calorimetry methods may be recommended as a way to control the quality of the stress method of pre-sowing stimulation of seed material.

Determination of SADT and TMRad of 3-bromo-1-(3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid: Applying thermal decomposition kinetics

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the safety parameters: Time to Maximum Rate under adiabatic conditions (TMRad) and self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) for 3-bromo-1-(3,5-dichloropyridin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole −5-carboxylic acid (BDPCA) using evaluated kinetic parameters. The required decomposition kinetics was determined from the results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microcalorimetry (C600), and adiabatic accelerating calorimeter (ARC). AKTS Thermokinetics (TK) and Thermal Safety (TS) Software were used for evaluation of the kinetic parameters of a decomposition reaction. The kinetic analysis was based on the isoconversional Friedman method. The values of TMRad amount to 110.2 °C, 107.3 °C, and 104.9 °C when calculated from the data collected by DSC, C600, and ARC, respectively. The simulated values of SADT for a 50 kg package of BDPCA amount to 101 °C and 96 °C when elaborating the DSC and C600 signals, respectively. Obtained results indicate that the application of kinetic parameters evaluated from the experiments carried out by three different calorimetric devices resulted in the evaluation of consistent safety parameters.

Do cone age and heating mode determine the opening of serotinous cones during wildfires? A new bench scale approach applied to Pinus halepensis Mill.

Serotiny is a well-known fire adaptive trait in some species, as the Mediterranean conifer Pinus halepensis. However, information about cone opening mechanisms during wildfires and consequences on post fire dispersal is scarce. In addition, standardized methods allowing a realistic simulation of heating modes at bench-scale are not available. In this study, we address for the first time the interacting effects of radiation, convection and direct flame on the opening and seed release of serotinous cones, following a novel repeatable methodology. Using a Mass Loss Calorimeter (MLC) device and a wide range of heat exposures (between 5 and 75 kW m−2) with or without ignition, we intended to simulate realistic cone heating during surface and crown fires in laboratory conditions. Additionally, we included the effect of contrasting serotinous cone ages interacting with heating mode and considering the random individual variation. The proposed methodology has shown a high potential to simulate the complex process of crown fires in relation to cone opening under controlled conditions, detecting a threshold of heat exposure (25–30 kW m−2) for cone opening. We confirmed that heating mode had a highly significant effect in cone opening, interacting with cone age, while cone age effect on its own was marginal. Particularly, ignition significantly increased the efficacy of cone opening and seed release. Moreover, young and old cones behave differently in seed release, both in surface and crown fire simulations. Implementing and adjusting this methodology in other species will allow more realistic and reliable quantitative comparisons than previously attained.

Production and characterization of shape memory polymeric nanocomposite materials

Polymers are macromolecular materials that simple molecules (monomers) come together with chemical bonds and form them. The industrial use area of polymers is increasing due to many advantages of them such as mechanical properties, easy formability, lightweight, and low cost. Properties of smart (capable of reacting to an external effect) polymers; because of external effects such as magnetic field, electric field, temperature, and pH, they can change their shape and various mechanical properties. Areas such as aviation, construction, electronics, and medical can be given as examples to the usage areas of such materials.In this study, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymer was used as a matrix in nanocomposite materials. New types of shape memory nanocomposites materials were obtained by using reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and graphene oxide (GO) produced by the Hummers method as fillers. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) devices were used to examine the thermal characterization of materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) were used for structural characterization analysis. In addition, chemical characterization of the materials was investigated using energy diffusion X-ray analysis (EDX) and surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The shape memory performances of the produced nanocomposite materials were determined by the shape recycling tests. It is examined the effect of fillers on the shape memory performance, structural and thermal properties of nanocomposite materials.

Vollastonit ve Manyetit Katkılı Rijit Poliüretan Köpüklerin Isıl Geçiş ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Polyurethane (PU) foams, despite their low mechanical and thermal conductivity properties, are preferred materials in applications such as automotive, insulation and adhesives because of their ease of processing and their possibility to be produced as rigid/flexible materials. Rigid polyurethane foams are materials used in the automotive, ship and construction industries due to their low density and closed cell structure. In recent years, various properties of polyurethane foams reinforced with different additives, such as morphological, mechanical and conductive properties, have been extensively investigated. However, the effect of magnetite/wollastonite hybrid systems on thermal transition and mechanical properties of rigid PU foam composites was not studied yet. The aim of this work is to explore thermal transition temperatures and mechanical properties of wollastonite (W) and magnetite (M) filled rigid polyurethane foams. The relationships between mechanical and thermal transition properties of the foams and in particular, the effect of the weight ratio of magnetite/wollastonite (1:3, 1:1 and 3:1) hybrid systems on the PU foam properties were studied. The foams produced were characterized by a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, differential scanning calorimeter and tensile test device. As a result of the studies, it has been determined that the chemical structure of polyurethane foams is not affected by additives (magnetite and wollastonite). Thermal transition results revealed the presence of two main behaviors. In the first case an overall increase of the glass transition temperature of hard segments is observed and this behavior can be explained by the diminution of the mobility of polyurethane chains with the inclusion of magnetite and wollastonite particles between polymer chains. In the second case a general decrease tendency of the glass transition temperature of soft segments is obtained probably due to the presence of magnetite or wollastonite into the polymer matrix which hinders the formation of entanglements of polymer chains. A more important negative impact of wollastonite is observed in tensile properties of rigid PU foams compared to magnetite.

Experimental Determination of the Dose of Energy Received by Seed Material After Irradiation by Electric Field

Introduction. Maximum use of potential biological potential of seed material is among the ways to increase the production and to improve the quality of agricultural products. In view of the above, various methods of preseeding treatment of seeds of agricultural crops by means of electromagnetic fields are used. At the same time there is insufficient clarity of reproducibility of the results of radiation. Problem Statement. However, the conventional methods for determining germination capacity require a wide range of equipment and materials and are time-consuming. Therefore, the search for new methods of pre-seeding treatment and the development of rapid calorimetric methods are promising directions of research. Purpose. To study the effect of irradiation on seed material, by calorimetric methods. Materials and Methods. To determine the caloric value of seed material, two batches of Scarlet barley seeds are taken, one of which is irradiated with an electric field. The caloric value of the grain has been determined using the calorimetric device B-08M, according to DSTU ISO 1928:2006. Results. The results of quantitative indicators of temperature change of the irradiated and reference batch of barley grain have been presented in a graphical form to visualize the effect of irradiation. The analysis of results has shown that the non-irradiated seeds have a germination capacity of 82%, while for the irradiated seeds this index is equal to 88%. Respectively, their caloric value is 10 842 kJ/kg and 11 985 kJ/kg, i.e. differs by 10.5%. An experimental dependence has been established that to increase germination by 1% it is necessary to increase the caloric value of seed mass by approximately 1.83%. Conclusions. A 10-11% increase in the caloric value of the seeds after irradiation indicates that the irradiation process is realized. The use of calorimetry methods can be recommended as a seed material irradiation quality control method.

PEMBUATAN KIT SEDERHANA KALORIMETER DARI BAHAN BEKAS BAGI GURU IPA FISIKA

Students are actively demanded such as observing, asking questions, collecting data, associating, and communicating mainly in science learning. However, laboratory facilities in South Surabaya Middle School are known incomplete and some do not even have a laboratory, so as the teacher gives the material using the lecture method. One of the science materials is thermodynamics, especially with regard to calorimeter devices, whose application is about Black Principle. The calorimeter equipment on the market is very expensive, so it is necessary to conduct training and assistance on making simple calorimeter tools bywaste material. The training carried out on the Surabaya South Science MGMP teachers included making calorimeters by used materials, testing tools by practical training, and giving questionnaires in the form of responses and suggestions related to training activities. The results obtained from this activity included the knowledge and skills of the teachers in making simple calorimeter tools of waste material, and positive attitudes from the teachers to apply the tool as a medium of learning in the classroom.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ТЕПЛОФІЗИЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ФОРМУВАЛЬНОГО РОЗЧИНУ БІОДЕГРАДАБЕЛЬНОГО ЇСТІВНОГО ПОКРИТТЯ/ПЛІВКИ

Їстівні покриття і плівки – вид біодеградабельної полімерної упаковки, яка не потребує індивідуального збору та особливих умов утилізації. Активне використання біоупаковки дозволить значно скоротити екологічне навантаження на довкілля. Дослідження залежності питомої теплоти випаровування вологи від вмісту вологи у матеріалі їстівного покриття, а також масової теплоємності матеріалу цього покриття від температури, проводили з використанням спеціалізованого калориметричного приладу ДКМИ-01, який розроблено в Інституті технічної теплофізики НАН України. Встановлено, що питома теплота випаровування вологи обох зразків значно перебільшує питому теплоту випаровування води rв = 2430,5 кДж/кг за температури 30 ºС, що підтверджує, що вся волога наявна у зразках є зв’язаною. Відповідно до отриманих експериментальних результатів теплоємність зразка без ПВС має більші значення (3598,89-3830,69 Дж/кг∙К за умови нагрівання зразка від 32,5 до 92,5 оС), що обумовлено властивістю матеріалу. За допомогою термічного аналізу встановлено, що більше механічно-та адсорбційно-зв’язаної вологи містить зразок з ПВС за рахунок водневих зав’язків, які утворюють полімолекулярний шар адсорбційно-зв’язаної вологи. ПВС дозволяє створювати екологічно безпечні матеріали, які мають відмінні показники якості. Встановлена закомірність буде впливати на тривалість висушування їстівного покриття з на поверхні виробів, що вимагатиме використання додаткового обладнання з метою інтенсифікації процесу або додаткових виробничих площ. Встановлено, що найкращою для прогнозування зразка без ПВС є степенева модель ŷ = 2937,76∙х0,054∙х, а за наявності ПВС – ŷ = 3455,23∙е0,001∙х. Отримані математичні моделі дозволяють раціоналізувати технологічні розрахунки у виробничих умовах.

Near-field photonic cooling through control of the chemical potential of photons.

Photonic cooling of matter has enabled both access to unexplored states of matter, such as Bose-Einstein condensates, and novel approaches to solid-state refrigeration1-3. Critical to these photonic cooling approaches is the use of low-entropy coherent radiation from lasers, which makes the cooling process thermodynamically feasible4-6. Recent theoretical work7-9 has suggested that photonic solid-state cooling may be accomplished by tuning the chemical potential of photons without using coherent laser radiation, but such cooling has not been experimentally realized. Here we report an experimental demonstration of photonic cooling without laser light using a custom-fabricated nanocalorimetric device and a photodiode. We show that when they are in each other's near-field-that is, when the size of the vacuum gap between the planar surfaces of the calorimetric device and a reverse-biased photodiode is reduced to tens of nanometres-solid-state cooling of the calorimetric device can be accomplished via a combination of photon tunnelling, which enhances the transport of photons across nanoscale gaps, and suppression of photon emission from the photodiode due to a change in the chemical potential of the photons under an applied reverse bias. This demonstration of active nanophotonic cooling-without the use of coherent laser radiation-lays theexperimental foundation for systematic exploration of nanoscale photonics and optoelectronics for solid-state refrigeration and on-chip device cooling.

Calorimetric method for determining the thermochemical energy storage capacities of redox metal oxides

Transition metal oxide compounds have been demonstrated to be promising candidates for thermochemical processes, particularly energy storage. A calorimetric method for measuring enthalpy of these materials is developed in this work. A combination of drop calorimetry and acid-solution calorimetry is used to measure the total enthalpy and standard enthalpy of formation of these materials for compounds that form at high temperatures (≥ 1000 °C) after undergoing thermal reduction. These measurements are used to compute the energy storage potential of these materials for a specified set of redox cycle operating temperatures. The construction and calibration of appropriate calorimeter devices are described. A novel approach to performing acid-solution calorimetry is introduced by including tin (II) chloride as a reducing agent for enhancing the dissolution rate of these compounds sufficiently so that acid-solution calorimetry can be implemented accurately. The general procedure is presented and applied to three variations of magnesium-manganese oxide materials for a redox cycle operating under an oxygen partial pressure of 0.2 atm between 1000 and 1500 °C. Using this method, the total energies stored by magnesium-manganese oxides of molar ratios Mn/Mg of 2/1, 1/1, and 2/3 were found to be 924 ± 56.7, 1029 ± 57.0, and 1070 ± 64.2 kJ kg−1, respectively.

Creation of Detonation Chamber for Experimental Determination of Thermodynamic Characteristics of Modern Explosives

The subject of investigation represents the designing data of explosion chamber and calorimetric device. The latter will allow the determination of the parameters of the detonation and energetic characteristics of low-sensitivity, emulsion and outdated explosives. Research methodology provides the study of standard explosives of published data only, which, at experimental investigations in the above-mentioned cases, do not agreed with the reality. The question problematical character is lied in the fact that the reduction of explosives sensitivity causes the increase of critical and limiting diameters of tested charge which, for its part, is associated with the increase of charge mass. Above-mentioned increases significantly the limiting values of designed dynamic loads, acting on the walls of explosion chamber and presents a serious hazard to the construction integrity. For problem, solving the new experimental explosion chamber together with calorimetric device was designed. In the chamber, for reduction of quasistatic pressures channels were designed the total area of their surfaces were calculated by theoretical methods together with other designed data of explosion chamber and calorimetric device. The procedure of the devise manufacturing is proceeding.

High-Temperature Enthalpy of La2Hf2O7 in the Temperature Range 490–2120 K

Lanthanum hafnate La2Hf2O7 was produced chemically by inverse precipitation from ammonia solution and a mixture of La and Hf nitrates, followed by hydroxide decomposition at 1250°C in air and melting of the oxide mixture in a solar furnace. The formation of La2Hf2O7 was ascertained by X-ray diffraction. The La2Hf2O7 enthalpy increment was measured in the range 490–2120 K (for the first time in the temperature ranges 490–988 K and 1740–2120 K) by drop calorimetry using a Setaram HT-1500 high-temperature differential calorimeter and a high-temperature calorimetric device. A fitted equation for the enthalpy increment was used to calculate the main thermodynamic functions (heat capacity, entropy, and Gibbs energy) in the temperature range 298–2120 K. The experimental results are compared with the published data and those assessed using the Neumann–Kopp rule.

Flammability of some companion species in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) forests

The high flammability of some companion species in Quercus suber forests, estimated in laboratory tests, could potentially generate an increase in fire vulnerability and in fire risk. Recurrent wildfire is one of the main causes of forest degradation, especially in the Mediterranean region. Increased fire frequency and severity due to global change could reduce the natural resilience of cork oak to wildfire in the future. Hence, it is important to evaluate the flammability of companion species in cork oak forests in the particularly dry bioclimatic conditions of North Africa. This study aimed to assess and compare flammability parameters at laboratory scale among ten companion frequent species in cork oak forests. Fuel samples were collected in a cork oak (Quercus suber L) forest in the southern part of the mountains of Tlemcen (Western Algeria). A series of flammability tests were carried out using a Mass Loss Calorimeter device (FTT ®). A cluster analysis to classify flammability of the selected species was conducted using the K-means algorithm. The results revealed differences in the four flammability parameters (ignitability, sustainability, combustibility and consumability), in both fresh and dried fine fuel samples from Quercus suber, Pinus halepensis, Quercus ilex, Quercus faginea, Erica arborea, Arbutus unedo, Pistacia lentiscus, Calicotome spinosa, Juniperus oxycedrus and Tetraclinis articulata. Application of the K-means clustering algorithm showed that C. spinosa, T. articulata, J. oxycedrus and P. halepensis are highly flammable because of their high combustibility and sustainability. The findings identify species that could potentially increase the vulnerability of cork oak forests to forest fires.

Temperature dependence of heat capacity of Fe–M powder nanomaterials (M—C, Ge, Sn)

The heat capacity of mechanically activated nanocrystalline carbonyl iron and the sample of iron nanocomposite with the addition of isoelectronic sp-elements (C, Ge, Sn) with a grain size of the order of 2‒5 nm is determined in a temperature range of 300–450 K using an IT-s-400 calorimetric device. Thermalphysical studies of the temperature dependence of the heat capacity are performed for mixtures of nanocomposites differing by the composition 68 at % Fe–32 at % M (M—Ge, Sn) and 95 at % Fe–5 at % C. It is shown that the introduction of sp-elements into nanocrystalline iron leads to substantial variations in the heat capacity over the whole temperature range under study. The heat capacity strongly depends on the introduced sp-element and degree of disorder of the formed material.