Calcium Carbonate Research Articles

Causes, influencing factors, and prediction modeling of crystallization blockage of tunnel drainage blind pipe in non-karst area

The complete functioning of the tunnel drainage system is critical in ensuring the stability of tunnel lining structures and safe operations. Therefore, the issue of crystalline blockage in the tunnel drainage system needs to be solved urgently. In this study, the formation mechanism of tunnel crystallization defects in non-karst areas was investigated, and the influencing factors of calcium ion dissolution of shotcrete were evaluated by field investigation. Also, the sampling analysis was carried out to determine the ionic composition and content of seepage water. The source and composition of crystallites were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and field-emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The mechanism and role of pH in CaCO3 crystal formation were explored by simulation using MINTEQ 3.1 software. In addition, a new accelerated leaching test model was developed to examine the flow rate, concentration, and temperature effects on Ca2+ leaching rate in shotcrete. The analysis of water quality and crystal showed that the white and yellow crystals in the tunnel were calcite-type calcium carbonate, occurring as a paste. Micro-morphology of new crystals showed densely-distributed prismatic spherical and scaly crystal structure. The other parts were irregular squares, spindles, rhombuses, and other forms of scattered distribution. The Ca2+ originated from the shotcrete. The accelerated leaching test demonstrated that the optimal test conditions for the leaching rate of Ca2+ in shotcrete were a flow rate of 4 L/min, concentration of 5 mol/L, and temperature of 20 °C. Based on these findings, the prediction model of the Ca2+ leaching rate of shotcrete is established.

Sources and distribution of organic matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments of the southwestern Portuguese shelf

Total organic carbon (Corg), total nitrogen (Ntot), Corg/Ntot, δ13Corg, δ15N, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and grain size were analyzed in 70 surface samples and 19 short cores from the southwestern Portuguese shelf. Perylene and USEPA-16 PAHs were quantified in a subset of these samples. The findings suggest that organic matter derives from a mix of terrestrial and marine sources, outlined by Corg, Ntot, and isotopic signatures. Perylene combined with δ13Corg was used to identify the main PAH sources in these environments. Diagnostic perylene ratios revealed contributions from natural sources in the Tagus region and contaminated materials from the Sado Dredged Disposal Site, with additional perylene in Sines linked to atmospheric deposition of pyrogenic sources. A significant correlation between perylene and USEPA-16 PAHs indicates natural and anthropogenic inputs from the Tagus. This multiproxy approach—combining USEPA-16ΣPAHs, perylene, and δ13Corg—offers insights for assessing environmental risks and guiding marine environmental management according to the MSFD.

Complemental hard modeling in Raman spectroscopy – A case study on titanium dioxide-free coating in-line monitoring

Tablets are coated for taste or odor modification, for modified release profiles or as a protective layer to increase the stability. Here, titanium dioxide is frequently added as a coating component due to its opaque properties. Furthermore, its Raman activity makes it an integral part of in-line monitoring models. However, due to the carcinogenic potential of titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate is utilized as a substitute, exhibiting similar opaque properties. However, calcium carbonate tends to exhibit overlapped peaks with carbon hydrates in the Raman spectrum. Consequently, new models based on e.g. hard modeling are required instead of peak integration. In this study, tablets were coated with a coating including calcium carbonate. Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS) and Complemental Hard Modeling (CHM) were examined as feasible in-line monitoring approaches. Furthermore, two different measurement positions in the coater were compared, orthogonal and tangential with respect to the moving tablet bed. Cross-validation exhibited improved CHM performance with reduced RMSECV values of about 5 %. The prediction of the coating mass growth occurred comparable with RMSEP values in a similar range of 2–5 %. Despite this, the CHM´s achieved improved performance with reduced training data quantity and quality. The different measurement positions indicated no process-relevant differences.

How does land use affect soil quality and biological fertility in the arid ecosystem of Kutch, India?

Arid regions cover a large part of the Earth's surface and are at risk of increased agricultural activity and expected shifts in climate. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of comprehensive knowledge about the impact of land useon soil quality in these soils. Using a state factor approach, we studied the effects of different land use types on soil physico-chemical and biological characteristics in the Bhuj region of Kutch, Gujarat (India). Our analysis identified six key land uses: barren land (BL), natural forest (NF), grazing land (GL), and cultivated land under monocropping (MC), intercropping (IC), and crop rotation (CR). Our findings demonstrated significantly higher levels of soil organic carbon (SOC), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), plant-available nutrients (nitrogen, potassium, sodium, calcium, and magnesium), and enzyme activities in NF and GL (P < 0.05) than cultivated land and BL. For instance, SOC content in NF and GL exceeded that in cultivated land by 130% and 73.33%, respectively. Conversely, soil pH and plant-available phosphorus were higher in cultivated land. A strong correlation was observed between SOC and soil enzymes (P < 0.05), highlighting the importance of preserving SOC for optimal soil biological health in arid regions. Our study provides crucial baseline data on various soil quality indicators for an arid region, informing the development of landscape-scale models and guiding effective land management strategies.

Prediction and pathway models for assessing soil properties influencing soil selenium enrichment and bioavailability in Aksu Prefecture, northwest China

Selenium (Se) in soil is the primary source of human Se intake, and its content and bioavailability are influenced by soil physicochemical properties. However, the influence of soil physicochemical properties on Se enrichment and bioavailability in soil remains uncertain. Therefore, this study investigated 536 soil samples and their corresponding wheat grain samples collected from the oasis zone of Aksu Prefecture, located in northwest China. The Se content, spatial distribution, and bioaccumulation factor (BCF) in soil and wheat grains as well as soil Se fractions were examined, and the effects of soil physicochemical properties on Se enrichment and bioavailability were assessed. The results indicated that the mean Se content of soil (0.32 mg/kg) surpassed the national Se background level for Chinese soil by a factor of 1.10. The average Se content (0.13 mg/kg) in wheat grains met the national standard for Se-rich cereal products. The prediction model established using multiple linear regression showed that soil calcium carbonate (CaCO3), organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and electrical conductivity (EC) were the main physicochemical factors influencing Se enrichment in soil, accounting for 29 % of the variation. The main physicochemical factors affecting Se bioavailability were CaCO3, OM, and iron, and the main Se fractions were the exchangeable and humic acid-bound Se fractions, which together explain 12 % of the variance. Additionally, a structural equation model was employed to analyze the pathways and interactions of soil factors on soil Se enrichment and bioavailability. The results indicated that soil CaCO3 and OM were the most critical factors affecting Se enrichment and bioavailability in soil. These findings can provide technical guidance for the cultivation and layout of Se-rich wheat in local and other similar regions around the world.

Rosuvastatin/calcium carbonate co-precipitated nanoparticles: A novel synergistic approach enhancing local bone regeneration in osteoporotic rat model

This study aimed at preparing sustained release rosuvastatin (Ru) calcium carbonate (CC) co-precipitate nano-formulation for local intra-osseous application in osteoporotic rats. Nano-formulations were prepared by the co-precipitation method using different concentrations of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 %) as a stabilizer and equimolar ratios of calcium chloride and calcium carbonate (0.1, 0.3 or 0.5 M). Pre-formulation examination including; FTIR and X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of CC nanoparticles in a crystalline structure that was preserved before and after loading with Ru. The optimized formula showing; PS of 105.71 ± 5.10 nm, PDI of 0.25 ± 0.02, ZP of −44.70 ± 0.09 mV, % EE of 60.16 ± 1.58 and a quasi-spherical nanoparticle with nano-deposition of Ru crystals adsorbed on them as seen under TEM and SEM, was then integrated in 20 % Pluronic gel. The Ru-gel exhibited good rheological behavior with a short gelation time of 20 sec and a sustained release pattern of 30 % for the optimized Ru/CC gel versus ≈ 90 % for the Ru/CC dispersion after 6 h. In-vivo, ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic rats were used to cause a bone defect in the tibial metaphysis. The drill-hole defects were then filled with the formulations under test and examined 30 days postoperatively. Through SEM-EDX scanning, histological assessments, and evaluation of bone metabolic markers, Ru/CC treatment significantly enhanced bone healing, improved bone microarchitecture, increased trabecular bone area, enhanced osteogenic gene expression, and reduced osteoclast activity. Experiments proved that Ru/CC successfully enhances osteogenesis and reduces osteoclastogenesis, proposing it as a promising therapeutic approach for enhancing bone regeneration in osteoporosis.

Effect Of The Utilization Of Chicken Egg Shell Waste As A Lime Mixture On Ph Parameters In Mine Acid Water

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a significant environmental impact of coal mining, particularly in open-pit mining systems. To neutralize AMD acidity, the commonly used method involves adding quicklime (CaO). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using eggshells, which contain calcium carbonate (CaCO3), as an additive to quicklime in AMD treatment. Experiments were conducted with varying doses of ground and calcined eggshells at 150°C and 300°C. The results indicate that calcining eggshells at higher temperatures enhances their effectiveness in increasing AMD pH. Without calcination, the pH increased by 1.87%, while calcination at 150°C and 300°C resulted in pH increases of 1.87% and 8.6%, respectively. However, excessive doses of eggshells may decrease pH. Therefore, using calcined eggshells as an additive to quicklime offers a more economical and environmentally friendly solution for AMD treatment.

Complete genome sequence of Sporosarcina pasteurii type strain DSM33.

Here, we present the complete genome sequence of Sporosarcina pasteurii type strain DSM33, a model organism for microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation. This genome consists of a single 3.3-Mb chromosome and is an improvement upon draft S. pasteurii genome sequences currently available in public databases.

Evaluating eggshells as sustainable weighting agents in water-based drilling muds: A novel approach for enhanced efficiency and environmental consciousness

This study investigates the utilization of eggshells, a renewable material, as a weighting additive in water-based drilling muds with different exploring concentrations. The primary objectives were to assess the impact of eggshells on the rheological properties of drilling muds and to determine the optimal concentration of eggshells for achieving desired density and stability, drawing comparisons with calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Both eggshell powder (ESP) and CaCO3 effectively increase mud weight to the target density of 8.75 ppg at 30 g. Notably, ESP exhibits favorable rheological properties at 20 g, maintaining low plastic viscosity 2.7, consistent yield points 1.1, and gel strength comparable to CaCO3. Conversely, CaCO3 shows signs of potential deterioration at 30 g indicated by increased viscosity to 3.5 and decreased yield point to 0.5. ESP demonstrates superior filtration performance, displaying a progressive increase in cake thickness with increasing weight 1.32 mm to 3.12 mm compared to the slower cake build-up of CaCO3 0.92 mm to 2.9 mm. Both additives slightly elevate mud pH, potentially enhancing overall stability.

Vaterite-type calcium carbonate and aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified cellulose nanofibrils for preservation of aged paper

Deacidification and structural reinforcement are critically important for the long-term preservation of paper cultural relics. In this study, a novel approach is presented to synergistically combine highly reactive vaterite-type calcium carbonate with aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified cellulose nanofibrils (NH2-CNFs) for the restoration of aged paper. Employed as a deacidification agent, vaterite demonstrated superior efficacy at a low dosage in comparison with commercially available calcite-type calcium carbonate. Concurrently, the carboxylate content of NH2-CNFs was reduced, enhancing its hydrophobicity and thermal stability. A comprehensive characterization of both vaterite and NH2-CNFs was conducted using multiple analytical techniques. Upon application of this restoration system to aged paper samples, the pH and alkaline reserve were elevated to 8.05 and 0.637 mol/kg, respectively. The tensile strength of the paper sample was augmented by 15 %, while folding endurance and tearing resistance were enhanced by 139 % and 66 %, respectively. Notably, the integration of vaterite exhibited no deleterious impact on the mechanical properties of the paper substrate. Additionally, this treatment imparted a substantial anti-aging effect, as evidenced by the results of dry heat and UV-irradiation aging. Consequently, this research introduces a novel and efficacious methodology for the restoration of aged paper, offering promising implications for the conservation of historical documents.

Study on the mechanism of waterborne polyurethane modified ultrafine ground calcium carbonate and its properties in polypropylene plastics

AbstractGround calcium carbonate (GCC) has the effect of reducing the incremental cost and improving the application performance as a plastic filler. In this study, waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was employed as a novel modifier for the wet modification of GCC. Polypropylene (PP)‐based composites incorporating GCC were then prepared for mechanical properties testing. The oil absorption value, wetting contact angle, and settling time in kerosene indicated that the modified GCC achieved an excellent modification effect with a WPU dosage of 2.0 wt%. The X‐ray Diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, and X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy results indicate that WPU was successfully coated on the surface of the GCC. SEM images revealed improved wettability and compatibility of GCC in the composites after modification. The mechanical tests showed that the GCC‐WPU/PP composites exhibited enhanced properties, including a flexural strength of 107 MPa, impact strength of 9.54 kJ/m2, tensile strength of 29.7 MPa, and an elongation at break of 30.9%.Highlights WPU was innovatively used as a modifier of GCC. An optimal modification effect was gained at the low dosage (2.0 wt%). GCC has excellent compatibility and wettability in PP composites. The obtained PP‐based composites have better mechanical properties. The study has the potential to apply GCC in plastics and other industries.

Clogging of Leachate Drains in Landfills due to Biochemical Precipitation: a Literature Review

Objective: Review the relevant literature and analyze the causes that lead to the clogging of leachate drains in landfills due to biochemical precipitation. Theoretical Framework: Although leachate drainage systems have greatly evolved in terms of performance, clogging can occur in all designs due to physical, biological, and chemical mechanisms. Method: To investigate the issue of clogging in leachate drainage systems, an extensive literature review was conducted through consultations on relevant websites. National and international technical papers were sought, as well as regulations from environmental agencies of different countries. Results and Discussion: The removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), primarily in the form of acetic acid, transforms this stronger acid into weaker acids such as carbonic acid, which results in an increase in the pH of the environment. The concentration of carbonate also increases, consequently accelerating the precipitation of calcium carbonate. These precipitates are usually mixed with the biofilm and exhibit very characteristic shapes and structures. Research Implications: The lifespan of a vertical landfill can be strongly determined by the clogging phenomena in the leachate drainage system. Therefore, the monitoring of this system must be carried out with great care. Originality/Value: This review stands out for addressing a relevant and underexplored topic, especially in the national technical literature. Understanding the processes that can lead to clogging of the leachate drainage system is of interest to everyone working in the field, particularly those who design and/or operate a landfill.

Efficient Removal of Cationic Dye by Biomimetic Amorphous Calcium Carbonate: Behavior and Mechanisms.

The search for efficient, environmentally friendly adsorbents is critical for purifying dye wastewater. In this study, we produced a first-of-its-kind effective biomimetic amorphous calcium carbonate (BACC) using bacterial processes and evaluated its capacity to adsorb a hazardous organic cationic dye-methylene blue (MB). BACC can adsorb a maximum of 494.86 mg/g of MB, and this excellent adsorption performance was maintained during different solution temperature (10-55 °C) and broad pH (3-12) conditions. The favorable adsorption characteristics of BACC can be attributable to its hydrophobic property, porosity, electronegativity, and perfect dispersity in aqueous solution. During adsorption, MB can form Cl-Ca, S-O, N-Ca, and H-bonds on the surface of BACC. Since BACC has excellent resistance to adsorption interference in different water bodies and in real dye wastewater, and can also be effectively recycled six times, our study is an important step forward in dye wastewater treatment applications.

Green Synthesis And Photoluminesce Study Of Dy Doped CaCo3

In this study, we used water-soluble polysaccharides from melon to develop a new green method for the biological production of calcium carbonate crystals. SEM, FT-IR spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffractometry were used to examine the resulting crystals. The host material is prepared with the amount of 5.549gm CaCl2 and 5.2994gm Na2CO3. In the sintering process, the sample is subjected to its melting temperature in a furnace and then cooled evenly. The phosphor CaCO3 is doped with differing proportions of Dy and SEM micrographs validate the material's nanostructure, which is essential for luminescence. By Dy doping with CaCO3, then crystal structure of a molecule shows prominent XRD peaks. In UV photoluminescence spectra, the greatest emission peak is at 578nm while slake curve shows that for 3 mol% Dy concentrations, show higher luminescence intensity. As the Dy concentration rises over 3 mol%, the brightness intensity decreases due to quenching phenomena.

Limestone reaction in sandy soil: Rate effects, limestone type, moisture regime, and time

AbstractAn experiment was conducted in the greenhouse facilities of Embrapa Maize and Sorghum to evaluate the limestone reaction in sandy soil based on rates, limestone type, effective calcium carbonate equivalent (ECCE), and moisture regime over time. A factorial design of 4 × 2 + 3 was adopted, consisting of four limestone rates with 76% ECCE (0, 1, 2, and 4 Mg ha−1), two irrigation types (daily and monthly, simulating constant and intermittent moisture regime), and three additional treatments (three rates of “filler” limestone—99% ECCE—under monthly irrigation). Soil chemical characteristics were analyzed at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after treatment application. Soil fertility improved at the first month after treatment application, with emphasis on higher limestone rates, monthly moisture regime, and filler lime stone. The highest limestone rate did not increase the pH above 7.0. The recommended limestone rate was insufficient to elevate Ca + Mg levels to the adequate level for current production genotypes and systems, which demand higher standards. These outcomes reinforce the need for carrying out further studies and potential revision in liming recommendations for sandy soils.

Calcium Carbonate as an Ionic Molecular Lock for Ultrastrong Fluorescence of Single Organic Molecules

AbstractLocking molecular conformation are widely applied in molecular engineering for improved performance. However, locking via organic functional groups often changes the original molecular properties. Following the rigidity and stability of ionic interaction in ionic compounds, we suggested the use of a molecular‐scale ionic compound, calcium carbonate oligomer, as a robust molecular segment to functionalize organic molecules. The rigid structure of the ionic molecular segments locked the organic molecules, which could remarkably limit the intramolecular motion and intermolecular interactions. This ensured a stable and ultrastrong fluorescence of the single organic molecule while preserving its original maximum emission wavelength. The locking strategy was general and extendable to multiple organic molecules. Additionally, the ultrastrong single‐molecular fluorescence can be maintained in inorganic solids with even higher quantum yields and almost unchanged maximum emission wavelength. The highest quantum yield of the investigated molecules reached 99.9 %, superior to all reported organic‐inorganic fluorescent composite under air conditions. This work demonstrates a general strategy to restrict intramolecular motion and intermolecular interactions by using ionic oligomers as molecular locks, providing an alternative method for realizing ultraemissive molecules. This further demonstrates a fascinating example of molecular engineering in the presence of inorganic ionic molecules.

Calcium Carbonate as an Ionic Molecular Lock for Ultrastrong Fluorescence of Single Organic Molecules.

Locking molecular conformation are widely applied in molecular engineering for improved performance. However, locking via organic functional groups often changes the original molecular properties. Following the rigidity and stability of ionic interaction in ionic compounds, we suggested the use of a molecular-scale ionic compound, calcium carbonate oligomer, as a robust molecular segment to functionalize organic molecules. The rigid structure of the ionic molecular segments locked the organic molecules, which could remarkably limit the intramolecular motion and intermolecular interactions. This ensured a stable and ultrastrong fluorescence of the single organic molecule while preserving its original maximum emission wavelength. The locking strategy was general and extendable to multiple organic molecules. Additionally, the ultrastrong single-molecular fluorescence can be maintained in inorganic solids with even higher quantum yields and almost unchanged maximum emission wavelength. The highest quantum yield of the investigated molecules reached 99.9 %, superior to all reported organic-inorganic fluorescent composite under air conditions. This work demonstrates a general strategy to restrict intramolecular motion and intermolecular interactions by using ionic oligomers as molecular locks, providing an alternative method for realizing ultraemissive molecules. This further demonstrates a fascinating example of molecular engineering in the presence of inorganic ionic molecules.

Exploring the Sustainable Utilization of Deep Eutectic Solvents for Chitin Isolation from Diverse Sources.

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) represent an innovative and environmentally friendly approach for chitin isolation. Chitin is a natural nitrogenous polysaccharide, characterized by its abundance of amino and hydroxyl groups. The hydrogen bond network in DES can disrupt the crystalline structure of chitin, facilitating its isolation from bioresources by dissolving or degrading other components. DES are known for their low cost, natural chemical constituents, and recyclability. Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), a subclass of DES made from natural compounds, offer higher biocompatibility, biodegradability, and the lowest biotoxicity, making them highly promising for the production of eco-friendly chitin products. This review summarized studies on chitin isolation by DES, including reviews of biomass resources, isolation conditions (raw materials, DES compositions, solid-liquid ratios, temperature, and time), and the physicochemical properties of chitin products. Consequently, we have concluded that tailoring an appropriate DES-based process on the specific composition of the raw material can notably improve isolation efficiency. Acidic DES are particularly effective for extracting chitin from materials with high mineral content, such as crustacean bio-waste; for instance, the choline chloride-lactic acid DES achieved purity levels comparable to those of commercial chemical methods. By contrast, alkaline DES are better suited for chitin isolation from protein-rich sources, such as squid pens. DES facilitate calcium carbonate removal through H+ ion release and leverage unique hydrogen bonding interactions for efficient deproteination. Among these, potassium carbonate-glycerol DES have demonstrated optimal efficacy. Nonetheless, further comprehensive research is essential to evaluate the environmental impact, economic feasibility, and safety of DES application in chitin production.

Management of Muscle Cramps in Patients With Cirrhosis: A Systematic Review of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Muscle cramps are common in patients with cirrhosis. Despite their prevalence and impact on health-related quality of life, there are no widely used clinical practice guidelines for management of muscle cramps in cirrhosis. The aim of this review was to critically evaluate current evidence regarding treatment of muscle cramps in cirrhosis. A systematic review using PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, and Scopus databases was performed on 30 June by two independent reviewers to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) reporting interventions for muscle cramps in cirrhotic patients. Twelve RCTs evaluating 13 distinct interventions were identified. Baclofen, methocarbamol, orphenadrine, and taurine supplementation reduced cramp frequency, severity, and duration when compared to placebo. Human albumin, pregabalin, and quinidine reduced cramp frequency compared to placebo. Pickle juice reduced cramp severity compared to placebo. BCAA supplementation and calcium carbonate were found to reduce cramp frequency compared to baseline. Stretching demonstrated a signal towards reducing cramp severity and frequency, and meditation had a signal towards reducing severity only when compared to baseline. Electro-acupuncture was the only intervention which demonstrated no therapeutic effect. Pregabalin was the only agent associated with significant side effects that limited its use. Methocarbamol, orphenadrine, and taurine supplementation were found in placebo-controlled RCTs to be effective in reducing cramp frequency, severity, and duration in cirrhotic patients. All other interventions reported aside from electro-acupuncture demonstrated a positive impact on cramps. High-quality RCTs are needed to further investigate the use of these treatments in terms of comparative efficacy and safety.

Enhancing crack self-healing properties of low-carbon LC3 cement using microbial induced calcite precipitation technique

Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) is a promising low-carbon alternative to traditional cement, but its reduced clinker content limits its self-healing ability for microcracks, affecting durability. This study explores the application of Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) technique to enhance the crack self-healing capacity of LC3-based materials. Bacillus pasteurii was utilized to induce calcium carbonate precipitation to improve the crack self-healing capacity of LC3, thereby addressing its limited durability due to reduced clinker content. Experimental tests focused on optimizing the growth conditions for B. pasteurii, evaluating the compressive strength, capillary water absorption, and crack self-healing rates of the modified LC3 material. Results showed that under optimal conditions (pH of 9, inoculation volume of 10%, incubation temperature of 30°C, and shaking speed of 150 rpm), the bacterial strain exhibited maximum metabolic activity. The Microbe-LC3 mortar demonstrated a self-healing rate of up to 97% for cracks narrower than 100 μm, significantly higher than unmodified LC3. Additionally, the compressive strength of Microbe-LC3 was enhanced by approximately 15% compared to standard LC3 mortar after 28 days. The capillary water absorption was reduced, indicating improved durability due to the microbial-induced calcium carbonate filling the pores. This study confirms that MICP technology is a viable approach to significantly enhance the performance of LC3, contributing to the development of more durable and sustainable cementitious materials for construction applications.