Construction Of Cable-stayed Bridge Research Articles

The Tolerance Interval Optimization of Cable Forces During the Construction Phase of Cable-Stayed Bridges Based on Hybrid Intelligent Algorithms

To investigate the controllability of sensitive cable forces during the construction phase of cable-stayed bridges, a novel optimization method is proposed, based on BP neural networks, which combines Gaussian process prediction with a simulated annealing-optimized particle swarm algorithm to determine the tolerance intervals of construction cable forces. Based on the analysis results of multiple linear regression, the variables for optimization are identified, and a mapping relationship between the sensitive cable forces and displacement values is established using a BP neural network. Subsequently, a Gaussian process model is constructed to delineate the relationship between cable forces and reliability, with a focus on the reliability of displacements during the construction phase of the cross-section, specifically targeting sensitive cable forces. Finally, a combination of the simulated annealing algorithm and the particle swarm algorithm is employed to optimize the tolerance intervals of the cable forces. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method, a case study is conducted on the tolerance interval optimization of cable forces using a three-tower steel box girder cable-stayed bridge. In this study, the construction cable forces are treated as optimization variables, while the reliability of displacements at both the main girder section and the tower’s top section serve as the optimization objectives and constraint conditions. Under the premise of ensuring structural reliability, the accurate tolerance range for the stay cable forces during the construction phase of the cable-stayed bridge is obtained. The results indicate that the traditional PSO algorithm stabilizes after 26 iterations, whereas the hybrid intelligent algorithm reaches stability after just 13 iterations. In addition, the hybrid algorithm shows a significant increase in the objective function value during early iterations, demonstrating stronger optimization capability. This indicates that the optimization method exhibits better convergence and superior global optimization capability. It effectively improves the compatibility and controllability of the cable-stayed bridge construction process while simplifying the computational process.

Study on Performance of Cable Stayed Bridge with Different Geometric Conditions

The construction of cable-stayed bridges has been on the rise in recent years, driven by their aesthetic appeal and unique structural design. This research focuses on the analysis of cable-stayed bridges, The study employed the MIDAS CIVIL software to model and analyse the cable-stayed bridges of two types H-shape and A-D shape, with all the bridges having the same material and section properties. For the seismic analysis time-history analysis has been performed by utilizing data from the 1940 El Centro earthquake, allowing for the investigation of the dynamic behaviour of the bridges. The cable-stayed bridge design is characterized by the transmission of the deck's reaction forces to the pylons, which in turn transfer the load to the foundation. The study reviewed a range of evaluations, including axial forces, displacements, and bending moments, to understand the structural behaviour of the cable-stayed bridges. The results reveal that as the complexity of the cable-stayed bridge design rises, the structural behaviour becomes more complex. The findings of this research contribute to the understanding of the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges, which is vital for their structural health monitoring and design optimization.

Numerical Investigation of the Shear Lag Effect on a Cable-Stayed Bridge with an Extra-Wide Composite PK Girder

The composite PK (Pasco-Kennewick) girder cable-stayed bridge (CSB) is a trendy structure with a super-wide girder, excellent lateral rigidity, and high wind resistance. However, the shear lag effect (SLE) of the composite PK girder grows severe due to the super-wide deck. Meanwhile, the SLE of the composite PK girder CSB subjected to huge axial forces significantly differs from that of bridges subjected to only bending moment. Therefore, global and local analyses are conducted on a composite PK girder CSB to determine the SLE during construction and after completion. Furthermore, the effective slab width (Beff) of the composite PK girder under combined bending moment and axial force is analyzed. The results can offer guidance and reference for the design and construction of composite PK girder cable-stayed bridges.

Accelerated construction and geometry control of cable-stayed bridge: cable crane method

Mountainous regions with rugged terrain, steep valleys and restricted access to roads and rivers present distinctive challenges for segmented erection of cable-stayed bridges (CSBs). In recent years, the cable crane method (CCM) has emerged as an innovative solution for CSB construction to address the difficulties associated with vertically lifting and horizontally delivering girder segments in such challenging environments. However, integrating the CCM with a CSB introduces a coupling effect, significantly complicating the control of bridge geometry. In this work, the accelerated construction and geometry control for CSBs employing the CCM in mountainous regions were systematically studied. The characteristics of 1521 bridges in mountainous regions were investigated, followed by a numerical analysis of geometry control and field measurements of as-built geometries, forces and ambient conditions during construction. Critical techniques for CSB construction using the CCM are also clarified. The mechanical behaviour of a bridge during construction was comprehensively evaluated to improve geometry control. The numerical results were validated through field measurements, offering valuable insights for future CSB practices using the novel CCM.

An evaluation method of construction reliability of cable system of cable-stayed bridge based on Bayesian network

PurposeAs an important load-bearing component of cable-stayed bridge, the cable-stayed cable is an important load-bearing link for the bridge superstructure and the load transferred directly to the bridge tower. In order to better manage the risk of the cable system in the construction process, the purpose of this paper is to study a new method of dynamic risk analysis of the cable system of the suspended multi-tower cable-stayed bridge based on the Bayesian network.Design/methodology/approachFirst of all, this paper focuses on the whole process of the construction of the cable system, analyzes the construction characteristics of each process, identifies the safety risk factors in the construction process of the cable system, and determines the causal relationship between the risk factors. Secondly, the prior probability distribution of risk factors is determined by the expert investigation method, and the risk matrix method is used to evaluate the safety risk of cable failure quantitatively. The function expression of risk matrix is established by combining the probability of risk event occurrence and loss level. After that, the topology structure of Bayesian network is established, risk factors and probability parameters are incorporated into the network and then the Bayesian principle is applied to update the posterior probability of risk events according to the new information in the construction process. Finally, the construction reliability evaluation of PAIRA bridge main bridge cable system in Bangladesh is taken as an example to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the new method.FindingsThe feasibility of using Bayesian network to dynamically assess the safety risk of PAIRA bridge in Bangladesh is verified by the construction reliability evaluation of the main bridge cable system. The research results show that the probability of the accident resulting from the insufficient safety of the cable components of the main bridge of PAIRA bridge is 0.02, which belongs to a very small range. According to the analysis of the risk grade matrix, the risk grade is Ⅱ, which belongs to the acceptable risk range. In addition, according to the reverse reasoning of the Bayesian model, when the serious failure of the cable system is certain to occur, the node with the greatest impact is B3 (cable break) and its probability of occurrence is 82%, that is, cable break is an important reason for the serious failure of the cable system. The factor that has the greatest influence on B3 node is C6 (cable quality), and its probability is 34%, that is, cable quality is not satisfied is the main reason for cable fracture. In the same way, it can be obtained that the D9 (steel wire fracture inside the cable) event of the next level is the biggest incentive of C6 event, its occurrence probability is 32% and E7 (steel strand strength is not up to standard) event is the biggest incentive of D9 event, its occurrence probability is 13%. At the same time, the sensitivity analysis also confirmed that B3, C6, D9 and E7 risk factors were the main causes of risk occurrence.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a Bayesian network-based construction reliability assessment method for cable-stayed bridge cable system. The core purpose of this method is to achieve comprehensive and accurate management and control of the risks in the construction process of the cable system, so as to improve the service life of the cable while strengthening the overall reliability of the structure. Compared with the existing evaluation methods, the proposed method has higher reliability and accuracy. This method can effectively assess the risk of the cable system in the construction process, and is innovative in the field of risk assessment of the cable system of cable-stayed bridge construction, enriching the scientific research achievements in this field, and providing strong support for the construction risk control of the cable system of cable-stayed bridge.

Structural and Economical Analysis of Cable-Stayed Bridges

Abstract: Cable-stayed bridges have emerged as prominent structures in modern civil engineering, renowned for their aesthetic appeal, structural efficiency, and economic viability. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the structural and economic aspects of cable-stayed bridges. It encompasses a thorough examination of various design considerations, construction techniques, material selection, and economic factors influencing the feasibility and performance of cable-stayed bridges. Through the synthesis of existing literature and case studies, this paper aims to offer insights into the key factors driving the design, construction, and economic evaluation of cable-stayed bridges, thereby aiding engineers, planners, and decision-makers in making informed choices in bridge infrastructure development projects.

Dynamic Response Analysis of Moving Loads over Tension Cables of Connected Tower Cable-Stayed Bridge

Due to its strong crossing ability, cable-stayed bridges have become the mainstream bridge type for large and medium spans. The connected tower cable-stayed bridge is different from traditional single span cable-stayed bridges, integrating the characteristics of split frame structure and connected tower design, and has better structural mechanical properties. However, the complex cable layout, multi tower structure, and segmented bridge deck of the cable-stayed bridge with connected towers result in essential differences in its mechanical behavior compared to traditional bridges. Therefore, studying the dynamic response of cable-stayed bridge cables when vehicle loads pass through the bridge is of great practical significance. This article comprehensively considers two factors: vehicle weight and vehicle speed, and introduces the parameter of dynamic amplification factor. The numerical simulation method is used to analyze the dynamic response of the cable when a vehicle load passes through a cable-stayed bridge with a connected tower. In order to provide key data support and important references for the construction and operation monitoring of cable-stayed bridges with connected towers.

Forward iterative algorithm for fabrication geometry of steel girders in cable-stayed bridges

This paper proposes a forward iterative algorithm designed for determining the fabrication geometry of the steel girder in cable-stayed bridges during the segment installation process. The expression of fabrication geometry control parameters and geometric dimensions for steel girder fabrication is deduced based on the installation geometry. Based on the equivalent plane algorithm for spatial stay cables, this paper establishes a forward iterative algorithm to simulate the construction process of cable-stayed bridges, employing the unstressed cable length as the control calculation parameter. The algorithm is programmed into a finite element method software, enabling a precise and well-converged simulation of the cable-stayed bridge construction process. This method has been successfully applied in a kilometer-scale cable-stayed bridge, facilitating the determination of internal forces and girder geometry throughout the construction process. This also streamlines the acquisition of fabrication parameters for individual girder segments. The application results demonstrate that the research presented in this paper provides an efficient and accurate calculation method for determining the fabrication parameters of steel girders in cable-stayed bridges.

Study on the structural stability of partial cable-stayed bridges with multiple towers and high piers during construction.

To clarify the structural safety and stability of partial cable-stayed bridges with multiple towers and high piers during the construction stage, a finite element analysis model of the entire construction process was established using a five-tower, six-span, partial cable-stayed bridge in Shaanxi Province, China, as the engineering background. Linear elasticity and nonlinear stability analyses were carried out in the following key construction stages: bare tower construction, maximum cantilever construction without cables, maximum cantilever construction with cables, side-span closure, secondary mid-span closure, mid-span closure, and second-phase paving. A sensitivity analysis of the structural parameters (the main tower stiffness, main pier stiffness, and main beam stiffness) was conducted. Furthermore, the impacts of the combination of the reduction of the main pier stiffness with two unfavorable factors (the detachment of the construction hanging basket and asymmetric construction on both sides of the main beam) on the construction safety and stability of the structure were explored. The results show that the stability coefficient of the structure during the entire construction process met the requirements of the corresponding specifications; the linear elastic stability coefficient at each stage was greater than 4.0, and the nonlinear stability coefficient was greater than 2.5. Moreover, the stability coefficient was found to be the smallest at the stage of maximum cantilever construction with cables, which was thus identified as the most unfavorable construction stage. The instability mode at each construction stage was found to be the longitudinal instability of the main pier. The structural parameter sensitivity analysis revealed that the change in the stiffness of the main pier had the greatest impact on structural stability, and the structural safety factor was found to be proportional to the stiffness of the main pier. Furthermore, the effects of multiple factors were found to intersect; under the combination of the reduction of the main pier stiffness with the two unfavorable factors, the stability coefficient of the structure was found to be greatly reduced by more than 15%. Therefore, during the construction of partial cable-stayed bridges with multiple towers and high piers, the stage of maximum cantilever construction with cables should be of primary focus, the maintenance and management of the piers should be strengthened, and the unfavorable factors should be avoided. The results of this study can provide a reference for the construction and design of similar types of bridges.

Suspension Bridges Versus Cable-Stretched Bridges: A Comparison of Structural Behaviour and Performance

A suspension bridge and a cable-stayed bridge are compared under various loads and environmental conditions in this study. Under live, dead, and seismic loads, the research investigates axial forces, displacements, bending moments, and shear forces using advanced analytical methods and software such as CsiBridge, SAP2000, and Staad Pro. Steel plays a key role in the construction of suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges, as this study thoroughly compares both types of bridges. Csi Bridge software is utilized in this study to investigate the axial force, displacement, bending moment, and shear strength of these bridges under various loading conditions. Cable-stayed bridges are recognized for their aesthetic benefits and structural efficiency for medium-to-long spans, and suspension bridges for their high tensile strength and durable design. The two bridge types exhibit different shear forces, displacements, and torsional values, underscoring their unique engineering designs.

Application of Neuronal Intelligent Prediction Algorithms in Automated Decision Support for Bridge Construction

Abstract By predicting the construction elevation of a cable-stayed bridge with the help of the BP neural network, it was found that the BP neural network is suitable for the prediction of bridge construction, and an accurate prediction value can be obtained. The maximum deviation of the prediction value is 41.6 mm, which is a large error. Therefore, the use of intelligent algorithms to predict the linear elevation of cable-stayed bridge construction and reduce the impact of error can provide an important reference basis for the next stage of elevation control of standing molds and guarantee the accuracy of bridge construction control.

The Design and Construction of Anchor Block Pedestrian Cable-Stayed Bridge on Celebes Island

The Design and Construction of Anchor Block Pedestrian Cable-Stayed Bridge on Celebes Island

3D laser scanning for predicting the alignment of large-span segmental precast assembled concrete cable-stayed bridges

3D laser scanning for predicting the alignment of large-span segmental precast assembled concrete cable-stayed bridges

Review of design and innovative construction of steel truss cable-stayed bridges in China

Many steel truss cable-stayed bridges have been built in China in the past two decades, providing a wealth of design and construction experience. This paper provides a review of their development, the structural configurations used, the mechanical characteristics of decks, pylons and cables, and the various innovative construction methods adopted. With main spans now exceeding 1 km, the sturdy structures are mainly used for combined rail-and-road crossings in preference to more flexible suspension bridges. The aim of the paper is to provide a comprehensive and useful reference for further design and construction of steel truss cable-stayed bridges worldwide.

Nonlinear Stress-Free-State Forward Analysis Method of Long-Span Cable-Stayed Bridges Constructed in Stages

Structural analysis and construction control of staged-construction processes are major subjects in the context of modern long-span bridges. Although the forward and backward analysis methods are able to simulate situations, their main disadvantage is that they usually apply the stage superposition principle. In the actual construction process, due to changes made to the plan, the construction process needs to be adjusted at any time, and it is difficult to implement the construction process in complete accordance with the established plan. As a result, the existing simulation method based on the incremental structural analysis of each construction stage has poor adaptability to such adjustments. In this study, considering the strong geometric nonlinear behavior of the long-span cable-stayed bridge construction process, the geometrically nonlinear mechanical equations of the staged-construction bar system structure were derived. The minimum potential energy theorem was used by introducing the concept of the stress-free-state variable of the structural elements. The equation reflects the influence of the change in the stress-free-state variables of structural elements on the completion state of the structure. From the analysis of the geometrical condition that the equilibrium equation holds, the stress-free installation condition of the closing section of the planar beam element structure was obtained. A new simulation method for long-span cable-stayed bridge construction has been proposed, which is called the stress-free-state forward analysis. This method can directly obtain the intermediate process state of cable-stayed bridge construction without performing stage-by-stage demolition calculations, and causing the internal force and deformation of the completion state to reach the design target state. This method can realize the simulation of multi-process parallel operation in construction, and solves the problem of automatic filtering of temporary loads. To illustrate the application of the method, a long-span cable-stayed bridge was analyzed.

Investigation of the Temperature Actions of Bridge Cables Based on Long-Term Measurement and the Gradient Boosted Regression Trees Method

Cable-stayed bridges have been commonly used on high-speed railways. The design, construction, and maintenance of cable-stayed bridges necessitate an accurate assessment of the cable temperature field. However, the temperature fields of cables have not been well established. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the distribution of the temperature field, the time variability of temperatures, and the representative value of temperature actions in stayed cables. A cable segment experiment, spanning over one year, is conducted near the bridge site. Based on the monitoring temperatures and meteorological data, the distribution of the temperature field is studied, and the time variability of cable temperatures is investigated. The findings show that the temperature distribution is generally uniform along the cross-section without a significant temperature gradient, while the amplitudes of the annual cycle variation and daily cycle variation in temperatures are significant. To accurately determine the temperature deformation of a cable, it is necessary to consider both the daily temperature fluctuations and the annual cycle of uniform temperatures. Then, using the gradient boosted regression trees method, the relationship between the cable temperature and multiple environmental variables is explored, and representative cable uniform temperatures for design are obtained by the extreme value analysis. The presented data and results provide a good basis for the operation and maintenance of in-service long-span cable-stayed bridges.

Studying the Cable Loss Effect on the Seismic Behavior of Cable-Stayed Bridge

As the demand and construction of cable-stayed bridges have increased, research on the safety of cable-stayed bridges in the event of natural disasters such as fires and explosions is actively being conducted. If a cable-stayed bridge is damaged by an unexpected natural disaster or accident, it can cause serious traffic congestion and huge economic losses. This study evaluates the usability of the cable-stayed bridge in the event of cable damage. Additionally, seismic performance and the impact of the damage are evaluated by numerical analysis. To achieve this goal, the cable-stayed bridge is modeled using 3D BEAM elements and two-node cable elements. Then, the impact of the damage was evaluated by gradually damaging the cable. The deflection, axial force of the girder, and cable stress changes under far-field ground motion (El-Centro earthquake) were reviewed. A representative dynamic analysis program LS-DYNA was utilized for the numerical analyses. The results show that the loss of a small number of cables does not affect the usability of the bridge. However, if five or more cables are continuously lost, or if an earthquake occurs when cables are already lost, excessive deflections and changes in the girders’ axial forces can cause usability problems.

Process monitoring and terminal verification of π–section girder cable-stayed bridge

PurposeIn this paper, taking a p-section girder cable-stayed bridge as an example, the construction monitoring and load test of the bridge are implemented.Design/methodology/approachIn order to ensure the safety of cable-stayed bridge structure in construction and achieve the internal force state of the completed bridge, the construction process is monitored for liner and stress of the p-section girder, construction error and safety state during construction. At the same time, to verify whether the bridge can meet the design requirements, the static and dynamic load tests are done.FindingsThe results of construction monitoring show that the stress state of the structure during construction is basically consistent with the theoretical calculation and design requirements. The final measured stress state of the structure is within the allowable range of the cable-stayed bridge, and the structural stress state is normal and meets the specification requirements. The load tests results show that the measured deflection of the midspan section of the main girder is less than the theoretical calculation value. The maximum deflection of the main girder is 48.03 mm, which is less than 54.25 mm of the theoretical value, indicating that the main girder has sufficient structural stiffness. Under the dynamic load test, the natural frequency of the three spans of the bridge is less than the theoretical frequency.Originality/valueThis study can provide important reference value for the construction and maintenance of similar p-section girder cable-stayed bridges.

SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE DURING ROTATION CONSTRUCTION

Due to the swivel construction, the structural redundancy of cable-stayed bridge is reduced, and its seismic vulnerability is significantly higher than that of non-swirling construction structure and its own state of formation. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the damage changes of each component and stage system during the swivel construction of cable-stayed bridge under different horizontal earthquakes. Based on the construction of Rotary Cable-stayed Bridge in Haxi Street, the calculation formula of damage exceeding probability is established based on reliability theory, and the damage calibration of cable-stayed bridge components is carried out, and the finite element model of cable-stayed bridge rotating structure is established. The vulnerable parts of the main tower and the stay cable components of the cable-stayed bridge are identified and the incremental dynamic analysis is carried out. Finally, the seismic vulnerability curves of the main tower section, the stay cable and the rotating system are established. The results of the study show that the vulnerable areas of the H-shaped bridge towers are the abrupt changes in the main tower section near the upper and lower beams, and the vulnerable diagonal cables are the long cables anchored to the beam ends and the short cables near the main tower；At the same seismic level, the damage exceedance probability of main tower vulnerable section of cable-stayed bridge under transverse earthquake is greater than that under longitudinal earthquake, the damage exceedance probability of vulnerable stay cables under transverse seismic action is less than that under longitudinal seismic action；On the premise of the same damage probability, the required ground motion intensity of the system can be reduced by 0.35g at most compared with the component；Under the same seismic intensity, the system damage probability is 6.60 % higher than the component damage probability at most. The research results have reference significance for the construction of rotating cable-stayed bridges in areas lacking seismic records.

Research on Key Technologies of Main Tower Construction of Long-span Cable-stayed Bridge with Central Cable Plane

Research on Key Technologies of Main Tower Construction of Long-span Cable-stayed Bridge with Central Cable Plane