Cabazitaxel In Patients Research Articles

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as predictors of efficacy of cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

e17582 Background: Cabazitaxel is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid approved for the treatment of mCRPC patients (pts) after failure to docetaxel. Despite its proven efficacy, there is variability in the response, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of pts. Changes in the genetic constitution of the individual such as the SNPs could explain this variability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of certain SNPs in cabazitaxel activity. Methods: Clinical data from 67 mCRPC pts treated with cabazitaxel between March 2011 and October 2016 were collected. DNA was isolated from formalin fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples. 56 SNPs in 5 genes related with metabolism and/or mechanism of action of cabazitaxel (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, ABCB1, TUBB1, CYP2C8) were chosen based on their Minor Allele Frequency, linkage disequilibrium and information from dbSNP and analyzed by TaqMan OpenArray (Lifetech). The presence/absence of mutant alleles of the selected SNPs was correlated with clinical features, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of prostate cancer. Chi-square test and Kaplan-Meier with log-rank test were used for statistical analyses. Results: The median age was 61 years (range 44-82). 56.7% (n = 38) had a Gleason score ≥8 and 94% had received docetaxel in first line. Type of response to cabazitaxel was associated with median OS (Partial response = 24.35 months, Stable disease = 11.16 months, Progression disease = 5.8 months; p= 0.045). Univariate analysis, showed worsed OS at 1 year for wild type status of SNP rs151352 (OR = 4, 95%CI 1.27-12.58, p= 0.029). In addition, two SNPs (rs11773597, rs1202186) were associated with radiological response to cabazitaxel ( p= 0.031 and p= 0.030 respectively). Other 7 SNPs (rs11773597, rs2235040, rs1045642, rs1419745, rs1202170, rs6949448, rs11572093) were associated ( p<0.05) with Gleason score, pain, PSA doubling time, febrile neutropenia and asthenia. Conclusions: A particular SNP profile could be predictive of efficacy and related with toxicity in mCRPC population treated with cabazitaxel after progression to docetaxel. These outcomes become particularly relevant in patient selection given the recent results of the CARD trial.

Efficacy of sequential therapy comprising of docetaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and cabazitaxel in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer.

239 Background: The sequence of use of life-prolonging therapy (docetaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and cabazitaxel) is unclear in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Methods: We retrospectively identified a total of 316 patients diagnosed with CRPC from September 2003 to April 2019 at Nagoya University and its affiliated hospitals. All patients were treated with >2 life-prolonging therapies. We divided these patients into four groups based on the sequence of drug administration. The group of patients who were treated using the sequence of abiraterone to enzalutamide or enzalutamide to abiraterone was termed as AA. The group treated using the sequence of abiraterone or enzalutamide to docetaxel was termed as AD. The group treated using the sequence of docetaxel to abiraterone or enzalutamide was termed as DA. Lastly, the group treated using the sequence of docetaxel to cabazitaxel was termed as DC. We investigated the overall survival (OS) from the time of diagnosis of CRPC. In addition, we estimated combined progression-free survival (combined PFS) defined as the sum of the PFS of each agent. Results: The number of patients in AA, AD, DA, and DC was 106, 69, 130, and 11, respectively. Regarding AA, AD, DA, and DC, the median ages were 72, 70, 68, and 64 years, respectively. The proportion of patients who had de novo distant metastasis was 66%, 65%, 58%, and 73% in AA, AD, DA, and DC, respectively. Further, the median OS was 68.7, 54.5, 68.6, and 22.0 months for AA, AD, DA, and DC, respectively. Notably, no significant differences related to OS were observed between AA and AD ( p = 0.06), AA and DA ( p = 0.24), as well as AD and DA ( p = 0.46). The median combined PFS was 8.6, 10.1, 13.9, and 5.6 months for AA, AD, DA, and DC, respectively. In terms of combined PFS, a significant difference was observed between AA and DA ( p < 0.001) as well as AD and DA ( p = 0.003). OS and combined PFS were significantly poor in DC compared with those in the other groups. Conclusions: No significant differences related to OS were observed regarding the sequence of use of docetaxel, abiraterone, and enzalutamide. Notably, combined PFS was comparatively better in DA than in any other group.

Real-world experience with cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a final, pooled analysis of the compassionate use programme and early access programme.

Cabazitaxel is a second-generation taxane approved for use in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) previously treated with docetaxel. Early access programmes were established to allow eligible patients with mCRPC access to cabazitaxel before regulatory approval. The primary objective was to allow access to cabazitaxel before commercial availability for patients with mCRPC whose disease had progressed during or after chemotherapy with docetaxel; the secondary objective was overall safety. Patients received cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 on Day 1 of a 21-day cycle, with daily oral 10 mg prednisone/prednisolone. G-CSF was administered per ASCO guidelines. In total, 1432 patients received cabazitaxel across 41 countries between 2010 and 2014 (median 6.0 treatment cycles [range 1-49]). The most frequently occurring treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) possibly related to treatment were diarrhoea (33.3%), fatigue (25.4%) and anaemia (23.7%); the most frequently occurring possibly related Grade 3/4 TEAEs were neutropenia (18.7%) and febrile neutropenia (6.9%). G-CSF was administered in ≥ 1 cycle in 64% of patients (10.1% therapeutic use; 57.8% prophylactic use; 9.7% both uses). The safety profile of cabazitaxel in this pooled analysis of two cabazitaxel early access programmes was manageable and consistent with previous Phase III trials (TROPIC, PROSELICA).

Efficacy and safety of 4-weekly cabazitaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multi-institutional study.

This study aimed to reveal the efficacy and safety profiles of 4-weekly cabazitaxel in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The study included 62 Japanese patients who were treated for CRPC with ≥ 2 courses of cabazitaxel between 2014 and 2017. The oncological outcomes and adverse events were compared between 16 (25.8%) and 46 (74.2%) men who were treated with standard 3-weekly and alternative 4-weekly regimens, respectively. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response was comparable between the 3-weekly and 4-weekly regimens (median [interquartile range]: - 9.9% [- 64.5 to 13.0%] and - 30.7% [- 52.8 to 10.9%], P = 0.89), respectively. For patients on the 4-weekly regimen, the risks of progression (hazard ratio [HR], 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.27, 0.71-2.43, P = 0.44), treatment failure (HR, 95% CI 0.84, 0.48-1.55, P = 0.57) and any-cause mortality (HR, 95% CI 1.09, 0.58-2.17, P = 0.79) were comparable to those for patients on the 3-weekly regimen. The incidences of severe adverse events were also similar between the 3-weekly and 4-weekly regimens. 3-weekly and 4-weekly regimens of cabazitaxel showed similar efficacy and safety profiles in a real-world clinical setting. These data suggest that a 4-weekly regimen may be acceptable for selected patients.

Second line chemotherapy in patients with castration-refractory prostate cancer. Ftom clinical studies to practice

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most pressing problems of modern oncology due to high worldwide morbidity for this pathology. Annually, more than 1,100,000 new cases of PC are diagnosed worldwide. The main treatment method for patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic PC is hormone therapy. Androgen deprivation allows to achieve disease stabilization in more than 90 % of patients, but mean time to progression after hormone therapy in patients with metastatic PC is about 2 years. Patients with cancer progression and preserved castration level of testosterone transition to the stage of so-called castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Advanced CRPC not only has poor prognosis, it also significantly decreases quality of life of the patients. CRPC patient cohort is extremely heterogenous and included patients both with factors of favorable prognosis and fulminant course of the disease. Unfavorable prognostic factors for patients with metastatic CRCP are short response time for initial hormone therapy (<12 months), presence of pain syndrome as well as presence of visceral metastases. Taxane chemotherapy remains one of the standard treatment methods in patients with metastatic CRPC and unfavorable prognostic factors. The article presents a review of studies dedicated to the effectiveness of various doses and regimens of 2 nd line chemotherapy using cabazi-taxel in patients with metastatic CRPC as well as analysis of clinical cases of using this drug in real-life clinical practice.

An observational, multicentre study of cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer previously treated with docetaxel (CAPRISTANA).

ObjectivesTo obtain routine clinical practice data on cabazitaxel usage patterns for patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and to describe physician‐assessed cabazitaxel effectiveness, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and safety.Patients and Methods CAPRISTANA was an international, observational cohort study examining cabazitaxel use for the treatment of patients with mCRPC. Effectiveness was assessed by overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), time to treatment failure (TTF) and disease control rate. HRQoL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐Prostate questionnaire (FACT‐P) and the three‐level European Quality of Life questionnaire (EQ‐5D‐3L). Safety was assessed by adverse event (AE) reporting.ResultsA total of 189 patients were treated across 54 centres between April 2012 and June 2016. At baseline, 58.7% had ≥1 comorbidity, 93.7% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≤1, and 60.1% had a Gleason score at diagnosis of ≥8. Patients received a median of 6 cabazitaxel cycles; 84.7% received cabazitaxel as second‐line therapy. The median OS, PFS and TTF were 13.2, 5.6 and 4.4 months, respectively. Cabazitaxel led to disease control in 52.9% of patients. HRQoL was maintained (40.3%) or improved (32.2%) in 72.5% of patients based on total FACT‐P scores. Interestingly, 53.6% of patients reported pain improvement and a further 21.2% maintained pain control based on FACT‐P prostate cancer‐specific pain scores. The most common treatment‐related grade ≥3 AEs were neutropenia (7.9%) and anaemia (2.1%).ConclusionPatients in CAPRISTANA treated with cabazitaxel had similar disease outcomes and safety profiles compared with large phase III clinical trials. Most patients had maintained or improved HRQoL scores; >70% of patients had maintained or improved pain control.

Abstract 2617: A multicenter project to test the validity and logistics surrounding the testing of AR-V7 mRNA expression in circulating tumor cells

Abstract Introduction: The presence of the androgen receptor splice variant 7 (AR-V7) in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has shown to be associated with resistance to anti-AR treatment with abiraterone or enzalutamide, but not to chemotherapy containing taxanes such as cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The primary objective of this project was to set up a validated multi-center pipeline to measure AR-V7 by RT-qPCR in RNA isolated from CellSearch-enriched CTCs. This pipeline included a) the pre-analytical phase (appropriate anonymized sample collection and sample preservation), b) the analytical phase (assay performance with high analytical sensitivity, precision and specificity and c) the post-analytical phase (data evaluation and reporting). Materials and Methods: CellSearch-enirched CTCs from metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients were characterized by RT-qPCR. To validate the pipeline, we determined the proportion of blood samples from mCRPC patients having three or more CTCs per 7.5 mL of blood for whom an AR-V7 status can be assayed and returned to the clinician within 11 days (design PRELUDE study protocol). Results: In the range of the RNA equivalent of 0.2-12 AR-V7 positive VCaP cells the coefficient of variation (CV) for AR-V7 was 9% (n=37). The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.3 and the limit of quantification (LOQ) 3 cells in the final RT-qPCR. In none of 17 healthy blood donors an AR-V7 signal was detected, showing high diagnostic specificity (100%). No differences were observed between AR-V7 data generated by four different technicians or in two different laboratories. For the 45 patients in the PRELUDE study, thirteen patients were not eligible due to poor RNA quality (n=1) or because the blood sample did not contain enough epithelial signal (n=12). Twenty-two patients were AR-V7 negative and ten AR-V7 positive. The median, 75th and 90th percentile reporting times from blood draw to dissemination of the test results were 7, 8 and 9 days, respectively. Conclusion: This AR-V7 test with validated cut-offs, a strong intra- and inter-laboratory performance and the ability to report the outcome within a clinically acceptable time frame for the large majority of patients, met our pre-specified objectives. The AR-V7 test is now ready to be used in prospective studies (including randomized controlled trials) to test its predictive value for outcome on post-docetaxel (anti-AR of cabazitaxel) treatment. Citation Format: Anieta M. Sieuwerts, Bianca Mostert, Michelle van der Vlugt-Daane, Jaco Kraan, Corine Beaufort, Mai Van, Wendy J. Prager, Bram De Laere, Nick Beije, Paul Hamberg, Hans M. Westgeest, Metin Tascilar, Luc Y. Dirix, Wendy Onstenk, Ronald de Wit, Martijn P. Lolkema, Ron H. Mathijssen, John W. Martens, Stefan Sleijfer. A multicenter project to test the validity and logistics surrounding the testing of AR-V7 mRNA expression in circulating tumor cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2617.

Significance of De Ritis (Aspartate Transaminase/Alanine Transaminase) Ratio as a Significant Prognostic But Not Predictive Biomarker in Japanese Patients with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Treated with Cabazitaxel.

To date, there have not been any established biomarkers predicting the efficacy of cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the significance of the aspartate aminotransaminase (AST)/alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) ratio (De Ritis ratio) as a biomarker for mCRPC patients receiving cabazitaxel. This study included 74 consecutive docetaxel-refractory mCRPC patients treated with cabazitaxel. It assessed the impact of the pretreatment De Ritis ratio, in addition to conventional clinicopathological parameters, on the oncological outcomes in these patients. After treatment with cabazitaxel, 22 (29.7%) of the 74 patients achieved a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response; however, there was no significant difference in the PSA response rate between patients with a low De Ritis ratio (<1.35) and those with a high ratio (≥1.35). In this series, the median periods of PSA progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after the introduction of cabazitaxel were 4.2 and 14.7 months, respectively. No significant difference was noted in PSA PFS between the low and high De Ritis ratio groups, whereas OS in the high De Ritis ratio group was significantly poorer compared with that in the low De Ritis ratio group. Univariate analysis showed the significant impact of the De Ritis ratio on OS, but not PFS, in these 74 patients. Furthermore, the De Ritis ratio, in addition to the performance status and lactate dehydrogenase level, was shown to be independently associated with OS on multivariate analysis. Assessment of the De Ritis ratio may provide useful prognostic, but not predictive, information on cabazitaxel therapy in mCRPC patients.

C15-148: Phase I/II trial of concurrent chemohormonal therapy using enzalutamide and cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

TPS5097Background: The management of mCRPC has been both enhanced and complicated by the rapid emergence of at least five new agents that can lengthen survival. While great strides have been made i...

Cabazitaxel in patients with locally advanced or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma who developed disease progression within 12 months of platinum based chemotherapy: Results of a phase II trial—CAB-B1.

4542 Background: There is a paucity of chemotherapy options for the treatment of patients who have relapsed following platinum based chemotherapy (CT). Cabazitaxel is a new taxane that showed in-vivo antiproliferative activity on resistant cell lines. Methods: CAB-B1 was a single centre phase II randomised controlled trial of Cabazitaxel (CAB; 25mg/m2 q3 week for 6 cycles) versus best supportive care (BSC) in patients (pts) with histologically proven transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), locally advanced or metastatic, who had received platinum based treatment and recurred within 12 months of the last cycle of CT. Primary outcome was overall response rate (ORR) using RESIST. Secondary outcomes were Progression Free Survival (PFS), Overall Survival (OS), Quality of Life assessment, safety and tolerability. A total of 96 pts required to detect differences in ORR from 5% to 30%; 80% power; 5% alpha level; 10% dropouts. Stopping rules, using Simon’s two stage optimal design to assess the individual effectiveness of CAB, required at least 1 ORR from 10 pts on CAB during 1st stage (i.e. total of 20 pts randomised) and 4 from 29 CAB pts in 2nd stage (assuming lower ORR limit of 0.05, target ORR of 0.20, 80% power, 5% alpha level). The trial was supported by grant from Sanofi. Results: Between January 2013 and October 2016, 20 pts were randomised (10 on each arm). 75% males; median age 68 years; 65% had recurred within 6 months of previous CT. BSC included paclitaxel CT for 9 pts and radiotherapy for 1 pt. 8 pts completed 6 cycles of CT (3 on CAB; 5 on BSC). 6 pts on each arm were evaluated for response after having 2/3 cycles; 2 pts had an ORR on CAB and 1 pt on BSC. 14 pts have died of disease (8 on CAB; 6 on BSC).Median OS was 5.6 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.7-15.2) for CAB pts and 8.2 months (95% CI 1.0-8.8) for BSC pts. Median PFS was 4.4 months (95% CI 0.7-9.4) for CAB pts and 4.1 months (95% CI 1.0-6.8) for BSC pts. Conclusions: It has been hard to recruit these poorly patients within a single centre, but CAB-B1 successfully reached the efficacy target for the 1st stage, showing that there could be a role for CAB in these pts. Clinical trial information: NCT01668459.

Cabazitaxel in metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in the era of enzalutamide (ENZA) and abiraterone acetate (AA).

e16517 Background: The concurrent development of cabazitaxel, AA, ENZA, and radium-223 has recently increased the number of therapeutic options for mCRPC. Cabazitaxel is currently approved for mCRPC patients who have previously received docetaxel. There are no data on the activity of cabazitaxel in patients who had previously progressed on docetaxel and either ENZA or AA. We examined the efficacy and tolerability of cabazitaxel in patients who progressed on docetaxel and either AA or ENZA. Methods: We searched our databases for all mCRPC patients who had received cabazitaxel up to July 2016. We reviewed medical records to collect information on tolerability, treatment sequencing and treatment outcomes. These data were analysed descriptively using Excel 2010. Results: Of 30 patients screened, only 20 patients received cabazitaxel after progressing on docetaxel and either ENZA or AA. The median age at the time of treatment was 70.8 years. All except one patient had Zubrod performance status (PS) ≥1. All patients had ≥4 sites of metastatic disease, 20% had liver or lung metastases. About 11/20 (55%) individuals had previously received ENZA (median duration 5.8 months) and 12/20 (60%) received AA (median duration 10 months). The median number of cabazitaxel administered was 6 cycles. Only 3/20 (15%) completed 10 cycles. The most common reasons for treatment discontinuation were progressive disease (35.3%) and toxicity (23.5%). The dose of cabazitaxel was reduced at baseline in most patients due to poor PS. PSA response occurred in one-third of patients while stable disease (clinical+radiological) was seen in 40% patients. The median progression free survival (PFS) was 4 months and overall survival measured 4.6 months. About 20% had ≥6 months PFS. After progression, only one-fourth went on to receive further systemic therapy. The most common toxicities were anaemia (100%), neutropenia (65%), fatigue (65%), peripheral neuropathy (35%) and diarrhoea (25%). Conclusions: Within limitations of a small retrospective study, cabazitaxel showed very modest antitumour activity in this cohort of mCRPC patients with significant tumour burden and prior exposure to docetaxel and biological agents.

Cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: safety and quality of life data from the Australian early access program.

Cabazitaxel is a next generation taxane that has been shown to improve overall survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) whose disease progressed during or after docetaxel-based therapy. A worldwide early access program (EAP) study was established to provide access to cabazitaxel ahead of commercial availability and to evaluate its safety and tolerability. The Australian EAP included patient-reported outcomes to evaluate the impact of cabazitaxel on quality of life (QoL). The final safety and QoL results from the Australian EAP for cabazitaxel are reported. Australian patients with mCRPC previously treated with a docetaxel-containing regimen received cabazitaxel (25 mg/m2 ) every 3 weeks plus prednisone/prednisolone (10 mg daily) until disease progression, death, unacceptable toxicity, physician's decision or patient's refusal of further treatment. QoL data was collected using the AQoL-8D questionnaire. 104 patients from 18 Australian sites (median age at baseline, 70) enrolled in the EAP and completed at least one AQoL-8D questionnaire. Patients received a median of 6 cycles of cabazitaxel. 67 patients (64.4%) experienced grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs); the most frequent TEAEs were neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, diarrhoea, and vomiting. QoL scores remained stable with increasing treatment cycles. The results suggest that the safety profile cabazitaxel is manageable in the Australian clinical practice setting and that QoL is maintained with little or no detrimental effect of cabazitaxel in patients continuing on treatment without disease progression.

Cabazitaxel in recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: phase II UNICANCER trial ORL03.

Treatments are limited after platinum Cetuximab or anti-PD1 failure for patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cabazitaxel has increased overall survival in hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer after failure of Docetaxel. Our aim was to detect a signal of activity with Cabazitaxel in patients with head and neck cancer who had failed platinum-, Cetuximab- and taxanes-based chemotherapy.This multicenter phase II trial included progressive patients with an ECOG ≤2. Cabazitaxel was given at 25 mg/m2/3 weeks (maximum of 10 cycles), with growth factors support. Efficacy was centralized and assessed every 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was control rate at six-weeks. A Simon’s two-stage optimal design (P0=0.10; P1=0.30) required 29 evaluable patients. At the end of trial, at least 6 non-progressions were required to consider the drug worthy of further study.Out of the 31 enrolled patients, 29 were eligible; 42% had received at least three previous lines of chemotherapy. For the primary end point, 8 patients (27.6%; 95%CI 12.7%-47.2%) had a stable disease at six weeks. Median progression-free survival was 1.05 months (95%CI 0.69-2.07). All patients were analyzed for toxicity: 6 patients had febrile neutropenia.During the 81 cycles administered, 49 grade 3-5 events were observed concerning 81% of the patients, including 35 severe adverse events of which 15 were related to Cabazitaxel.Although Cabazitaxel met its primary endpoint to deserve further investigations, its toxicity makes it difficult to use in frail patients and new schemes are needed (20 mg/m2 for example) if further investigations are launched.

Safety and pharmacokinetics of cabazitaxel in patients with hepatic impairment: a phase I dose-escalation study

PurposeCabazitaxel has not been studied in patients with hepatic impairment (HI). This phase I study assessed cabazitaxel safety and pharmacokinetics in patients with HI.MethodsPatients with advanced, non-hematologic cancer, and normal hepatic function (Cohort 1: C-1), or mild (C-2), moderate (C-3), severe (C-4) HI received cabazitaxel starting doses of 25, 20, 10, and 10 mg/m2, respectively. Doses were escalated in patients with HI based on Cycle 1 dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs). Adverse events and the cabazitaxel pharmacokinetic profile were assessed.ResultsIn C-2, three patients receiving cabazitaxel 25 mg/m2 experienced DLTs; maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was 20 mg/m2. In C-3, two patients receiving 20 mg/m2 experienced DLTs; MTD was 15 mg/m2. C-4 was discontinued early due to DLTs. The most frequent cabazitaxel-related, grade 3–4 toxicity was neutropenia (42%). Cabazitaxel clearance normalized to body surface area (CL/BSA) was lower in C-1 (geometric mean [GM] 13.4 L/h/m2) than expected (26.4 L/h/m2), but similar in C-2 (23.5 L/h/m2) and C-3 (27.9 L/h/m2). CL/BSA in C-4 was 18.1 L/h/m2. Compared with C-2, CL/BSA increased 19% in C-3 (GM ratio 1.19; 90% CI 0.74–1.91), but decreased 23% in C-4 (0.77; 0.39–1.53). Cabazitaxel free fraction was unaltered. No significant correlation was found between grade 3–4 toxicities and pharmacokinetic parameters.Conclusions Mild–moderate HI did not cause substantial decline in cabazitaxel clearance. Cabazitaxel dose reductions in patients with mild–moderate HI, and a contraindication in patients with severe HI, are justified based on safety data.

Prospects of 2nd line chemotherapy personalization in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most challenging and pressing problems of modern oncourology because of high morbidity associated with the disease worldwide. About 1 100 000 new cases are diagnosed each year. The main approach to treatment of locally advanced and/or metastatic PC is hormonal therapy. Androgen deprivation therapy allows to achieve stabilization in more than 90 % of patients, but average time until progression after hormonal therapy in patients with metastatic PC is about 2 years. Then patients with tumor progression accompanied by castration level of testosterone enter the stage of so-called castration-resistant PC (CRPC). Prognosis for regional CRPC is unfavorable, and it substantially lowers patients’ quality of life. Taxane-based chemotherapy remains a standard method of treatment in this patient cohort. The article reviews studies of efficacy of different doses and regimes of 2nd line chemotherapy using cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic CRPC.

2538 Response to cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castrationresistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) poorly responding to docetaxel

2538 Response to cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castrationresistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) poorly responding to docetaxel

2800 Cabazitaxel in patients with refractory recurrent or metastatic (R/M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN): Final results of phase II trial UNICANCER ORL03

2800 Cabazitaxel in patients with refractory recurrent or metastatic (R/M) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN): Final results of phase II trial UNICANCER ORL03

Tolerability of cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer progressing after docetaxel and abiraterone acetate: a single-institution experience.

Both abiraterone acetate (AA) and cabazitaxel (Cbz) have been shown to prolong survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) progressing during or after docetaxel (D). Although no standard sequencing has been established as yet, Cbz has recently been proven to be active after AA. However, to date, few data are available on its safety in this setting. Therefore, the primary endpoint of this study was to investigate Cbz tolerability in mCRPC patients treated previously with D and AA. From April 2011 to the present, 43 mCRPC patients received AA after D at our institution. Of these, 22 patients were subsequently treated with Cbz and were evaluable for toxicity in the present retrospective study. Cbz was administered at a dose of 25 mg/m plus 10 mg oral prednisone every 3 weeks. Adverse events (AEs) were reported using the NCI CTCAE (National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) version 3.0. Despite the advanced stage of disease and frailty of our study population, there were no unexpected side effects. The most common AEs were hematologic. Neutropenia was observed in nine (40.9%) patients and of grade≥3 in six (27.2%). No febrile neutropenia occurred. The most common nonhematologic AEs were diarrhea and asthenia, reported in eight (36.3%) and in five (22.7%) patients, respectively. In this setting, Cbz toxicity seems to be manageable and comparable with second-line Cbz. Therefore, our results seem to support the safety of Cbz as a third-line treatment for mCRPC patients.

A retrospective analysis of clinical factors influencing response to treatment with cabazitaxel in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer.

281 Background: The TROPIC trial demonstrated that cabazitaxel improves overall survival (OS) in mCRPC patients progressing on or after docetaxel; a setting where both abiraterone and enzalutamide are also approved. We evaluated baseline factors that may help predict prostate specific antigen (PSA) response or PSA progression defined as per the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group 2 (PCWG2) criteria and OS in mCRPC patients treated with cabazitaxel. Methods: Forty patients from five centres participated in an early access program and were retrospectively reviewed to capture baseline characteristics, disease history, prior and subsequent treatments, PSA response, and OS. The influence of selected variables on PSA response and OS were evaluated by univariate and multivariate stepwise regression analysis. Results: At cabazitaxel initiation, median age was 65, ECOG 0-1 (90%), median PSA was 216 ng/mL, 25% had visceral disease and 70% had pain. Median number of prior docetaxel cycles was 9 and median time from treatment was 9.6 months (5-14.2). Median number of cabazitaxel cycles was 7 (1-27). Fourteen patients received abiraterone before cabazitaxel. In patients with prior abiraterone treatment there was no impact on PSA response compared to patients with no prior abiraterone. In the multivariate regression analysis, presence of visceral disease, low albumin (≤40g/L), low hemoglobin (&lt;100 g/L) and longer time between last docetaxel dose and start of cabazitaxel were correlated with PSA response to cabazitaxel (p&lt;0.10). Age &lt; 65, BMI ≥ 30kg/m2 and presence of pain were linked to an increased likelihood of PSA progression. None of the factors selected were significantly associated with OS. Conclusions: In routine clinical practice, this study suggests that mCRPC patients with visceral disease and a longer time elapsed between last docetaxel dose and start of cabazitaxel may experience a greater PSA response with cabazitaxel.

Line of abiraterone acetate in castration-resistant metastatic prostate cancer--Does it matter? report of a multi-institutional experience.

We present our data comparing retrospectively the efficacy of abiraterone and cabazitaxel in patients who progress after docetaxel treatment. The study included 56 patients diagnosed with hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer who were previously treated with abiraterone therapy at four oncology centers in Turkey. With abiraterone, the patients had a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 5.9 months (95% confidence interval (CI) for hazard ratio (HR) (4.4-7.4)) and an overall survival of 13.4 months (95% CI for HR (5.5-21.3)). When we compared the disease-free survival (DFS) of reference patients treated with cabazitaxel as a second-line treatment with those receiving second-line abiraterone therapy, there was no significant difference. (PFS = 5.9 months with cabazitaxel vs. 6.7 months with abiraterone, P = 0.213). This study has shown that in our experience abiraterone acetate is an effective agent in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) regardless of the line of treatment.