Butea Monosperma Flowers Research Articles

TOTAL FLAVONOID QUANTIFICATION AND TO STUDY ANTIBACTERIAL POTENCY OF EXTRACTS OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA FLOWERS, NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS AND VITEX AGNUS CASTUS LEAVES

Objective: An attempt has been made to develop a method for quantitative estimation of flavonoids in the crude extract of Butea monosperma flowers, Nigella sativa seeds and Vitex agnus castus leaves. Antibacterial activity is attributed to various phytochemicals present in these plants.Methods: The amount of total flavonoids was analysed using aluminium chloride colorimetric assay using rutin as standard. Plants studied were subjected to hydromethanolic extraction by using soxhlet apparatus. Flavonoids in extracts were quantified by U. V at a wavelength of 415 nm Antibacterial activities of extracts were evaluated on various bacterias like E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. pneumonie, P. acne. The in vitro antibacterial activities of these extracts were compared against standard drugs such as gentamycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin.Results: Flavonoid content in the crude extract of Butea monosperma flowers, Nigella sativa seeds and Vitex agnus castus leaves was found to be 2.58 %w/w, 0.92% w/w and 1.6 % w/w respectively. The antibacterial study found that activity of Vitex extract against P. acne was better than the standard drugsConclusion: In the present study an attempt has been made to standardize the plant material in terms of its flavonoid content and the study indicated that this extract individually or in combination with other herbal drugs can be useful in treating diseases caused by the organisms mentioned above.

Effect of sodium salt of Butrin, a novel compound isolated from Butea monosperma flowers on suppressing the expression of SIRT1 and Aurora B kinase-mediated apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells

The infrequent manifestation of SIRT1 and Aurora B kinase has shown to play a pivotal role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression by regulating Wnt signaling pathway. The present study investigates the signaling events that regulate the modulation of SIRT1 and Aurora B kinase expression and it’s mediated cell proliferation in SW480 human primary adenocarcinoma CRC cells using Butea monosperma floral compounds (BMFC). In this, cell viability, mitochondrial mediated apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of Wnt pathway were examined. Interestingly, the active novel compound, sodium salt of butrin, from BMFC significantly enhances the apoptosis activity, where SIRT1 and Aurora B kinase were ectopically overexpressed in CRC cells. Moreover, mRNA and protein expressions analysis indicates that the expression of GSK-3β, β-catenin, cyclin D1, pAKT, TGF-3β, SIRT1 and Aurora B kinase were down regulated in BMFC treated cells. These findings provide valuable information that the active BMFC having great impact on SIRT1 and Aurora B kinase mediated Wnt signaling down regulation in SW480 CRC cells.

Comparative Testing of Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Extract of Bergenia Ligulata Rhizomes and Ethanolic Extract of Butea Monosperma Flowers for Herbal Gel Formulation

Comparative Testing of Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Extract of Bergenia Ligulata Rhizomes and Ethanolic Extract of Butea Monosperma Flowers for Herbal Gel Formulation

Isocoreopsin: An active constituent of n-butanol extract of Butea monosperma flowers against colorectal cancer (CRC)

The herb Butea monosperma constitutes several human health beneficial components, which are mostly studied for their anticancer effects. In this study, the activity of n-butanol fractions of B. monosperma floral extract was examined on inhibiting aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation in azoxymethane induced Wistar albino rats. The n-butanol extracts (150mg/kg) decreased the ACF formation (per rat) by 92% and 78% in short- and long-term in vivo treatments, respectively. All the compounds in the n-butanol extract were isolated and purified using column and reverse-phase high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were characterized using UV–visible spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray–ionisation mass spectrometry (ESI–MS) to determine important flavonoids, namely isocoreopsin, butrin and isobutrin. These compounds were studied for their free radical scavenging and anticancer activities. The compound isocoreopsin showed significantly greater efficacy in cell death on human colon and liver cancer cell lines (50μg/mL in HT-29 and 100μg/mL in HepG2) than butrin (100μg/mL in HT-29 and 500μg/mL in HepG2) and isobutrin (80μg/mL in HT-29 and 150μg/mL in HepG2). These results suggest that isocoreopsin, butrin and isobutrin are the important key compounds for the chemoprevention of colon cancer and isocoreopsin can be considered as a promising novel drug.

Indian medicinal plant butea monosperma flower extract and its bioactive constituent butein activates autophagy in human oa chondrocytes under pathological conditions

Indian medicinal plant butea monosperma flower extract and its bioactive constituent butein activates autophagy in human oa chondrocytes under pathological conditions

PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF NATURAL COLOR EXTRACT FOR AYURVEDIC SYRUP

The plant Butea monosperma is very popular among the peoples of Northern Ghana, where the leaves are used in soups; and calyces for soft drinks and also used medicinally. It has been found to possess several health benefits. The flower has a very rich orange colour, which this study aims as investigating its suitability as a coloring agent in pharmaceutical syrup. Materials and Methods: The plant parts (flowers) are used in experimental work for investigating the suitability of Butea monosperma extract as coloring agent for pediatric syrup.1kg of dried Butea Monosperma flowers were weighed out and spread out in a thin layer. After authentication, sample of Butea monosperma was washed for ten seconds in water (to avoid losing colour). Excess water was blotted from the sample with a clean towel, and dried in a hot air oven for four hours at 300oC before the extraction procedure. Then the solvent for extraction (water, drug solvent ratio taken = 1:8) was filled in Soxhlet apparatus. After completion of the extraction procedure, the extract was taken out and evaporated up to semisolid consistency and then amount in percentages was determined in % w/w. Result: The colour extract from Butea monosperma is found suitable as a pharmaceutical coloring agent. Tartrazine can be replaced with this natural source of colour, promoting the health of our people.

Evaluation ofIn-vitroAnti-Inflammatory activity of Petroleum Ether Extract ofButea monospermaFlowers

Butea monosperma is a species of Butea native to tropical and sub-tropical parts of the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, ranging across India. Common names include flame-of-the-forest and bastard teak. Butea monosperma is investigated for antibacterial activity, anti -inflammatory activity. From the study of all the activities already done, the authors found out that anti -rash or anti-allergic activity is not investigated. Dried flowers of Butea monosperma were extracted using Petroleum ether using continuous soxhlet extraction apparatus. The extract was evaporated to dryness using rota evaporator followed by drying in the desiccator. This dry extract was treated as whole drug and tested for in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity using Carrageenan induced rat paw edema method with Diclofenac sodium as standard drug. Successful in-vitro results were confirmed by animal study where anti-inflammatory activity was proved on Male Wistar albino rats.

Screen Printing on Silk Fabric using Natural Dye and Natural Thickening Agent

The trials were under taken to screen print silk fabric with Butea monosperma flower dye extract using natural thickening against i.e. cassia seed gum and mango kernel gum with two mordant. Copper Sulphate and Ferrous Sulphate was selected for the experiments. The screen printed samples were studied for color fastness properties and CIE LAB values. Results of silk screen printed samples with both the mordant exhibited very good to excellent results fastness rating for light, washing, rubbing and perspirations. The results revealed that silk fabric can successfully screen printed with natural dye and natural thickening agents

Butein induces cell apoptosis and inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in A549 lung cancer cells

Butein is a flavonoid isolated from the bark of Rhus verniciflua Stokes and the flowers of Butea monosperma, and is known to be a potential therapeutic drug for treating inflammation and cancer. Cyclooxygenase (COX) converts arachidonic acid to prostanoids, and increased expression of its isoform, COX‑2, has been observed in lung cancer tissue. The aim of the present study was to investigate expression alteration of COX‑2 in A549 lung cancer cells following butein treatment at the mRNA and protein levels by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. It was observed that COX‑2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly downregulated in the butein treatment group in comparison with the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the effects of butein on proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated. The data demonstrated that butein induces cell‑cycle arrest and apoptosis in human lung cancer cells. These results indicated that butein may be a promising candidate drug for lung cancer treatment.

DIURETIC ACTIVITY OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA FLOWERS EXTRACT

+, K + and Cl . In the present study alcoholic and aqueous extracts of was investigated. Butea monosperma flowers

Extraction ofPalasdye for its use in Textile Coloration

Natural colorants are emerging globally as the safer and eco-friendly leaving synthetic colorant behind in the race. An attempt has been made to extract the dye from fresh, shade dried; field dropped and sun dried flowers of Butea monosperma (Palas). A good quantity of crude dye was recovered to the extent of 4, 18 and 9 per cent respectively on weight basis. The compounds present in the flowers were analyzed through spectral means and identified as Chalcone, butein (C15H12O5), orange yellow needles and a small quantities of colourless isomeric flavanone, butin (C15H12O5), and its glycoside, butrin. The crude dye after further purification and refining has tremendous scope as a medicine or ingredient for other medicine and can also serve as colouring material in soft drinks and other food products like ham/sausages, jam, chowmin noodles etc.

Antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of flower extract from Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.

Flowers of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. have been widely used in treatment of various diseases and different purposes such as antifertility, antidiarrhoea, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antihelmintic, and antidiabetic properties. However, few studies on antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of flower extract from this plant have been established. The present study was therefore, carried out to investigate antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of flower extract from Butea monosperma. The plant flowers were shade dried, powdered and extracted with 80% ethanol. Antioxidant activity of flower extract from Butea monosperma (BMFE) was investigated in vitro model using 2,2 diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. An antidiabetic activity of BMFE was conducted in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by oral administration of BMFE at a dose of 250 mg/kg once daily to the rats for 8 weeks. Body weight and fasting blood glucose level were examined weekly. Additionally, after eight weeks of treatment, serum insulin, lipid profile and blood chemistry of the rats were investigated. The results revealed that BMFE showed low potent free radical scavenging with IC50 at 231.64+0.99 μg/ml compared to L-ascorbic acid (1.48+0.07μg/ml). BMFE reduced (p<0.05) blood glucose level, and increased (p<0.05) serum insulin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total protein (TP). Nevertheless, BMFE slightly increased triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the diabetic rats. These findings indicate that the flower extract from Butea monosperma possesses antioxidant activity and antidiabetic activity which lowering blood glucose level by increasing insulin secretion. Long term utilization of the extract should be considered as it affects hepatic and renal function.

Butein imparts free radical scavenging, anti-oxidative and proapoptotic properties in the flower extracts of Butea monosperma

The flower of Butea monosperma (Lam.) (Fabaceae) has been used in traditional Indian medicine in the treatment of many ailments including liver disorders. To understand the pharmacological basis of its beneficial effects, the extracts of dried flowers in water, methanol, butanol, ethyl acetate and acetone were evaluated for free radical scavenging and pro-apoptotic activities in cell cultures (human hepatoma Huh-7 cell line and immortalized AML-12 mouse hepatocytes). Butrin and butein -the active constituents of flower extracts- were used as reference molecules. The levels of cell injury markers like lactate dehydrogenase, glutathione and lipid peroxidation and primary antioxidant enzymes glutathione S-transferase and catalase were also measured. The aqueous and butanolic extracts exhibited better 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging and cytotoxic activities in hepatoma cells than in immortalized hepatocytes. Interestingly, butein inhibited 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical better than butrin. The aqueous and butanolic extracts were further investigated for hepatoprotection against carbon tertrachloride-induced biochemical changes and cell death. Both extracts, just as butrin and butein, significantly reversed the cellular glutathione levels and lipid peroxidation, and glutathione-S-transferase activity. Lactate dehydrogenase leakage and cell death were also prevented. However, only butein revived the catalase activity. Thus, the butein content of Butea monosperma flower extracts is important for free radical scavenging activity, apoptotic cell death and protection against oxidative injury in hepatic cells.

Isobutrin from Butea Monosperma (Flame of the Forest): A Promising New Natural Sensitizer Belonging to Chalcone Class

In this work, "isobutrin", an ecofriendly sensitizer that is extracted from Butea monosperma (commonly known as "Flame of the Forest") flowers, is introduced. It is a bright yellow pigment belonging to the chalcone class and is examined as a sensitizer for optoelectronic applications. It is observed that chelation of this dye with Ti ions results into a strong dye-TiO(2) charge transfer (DTCT) band in the visible region. This Ti-Isobutrin chelate is stable, irreversible and its formation is studied using Benesi-Hildebrand plot. The locations of HOMO-LUMO states of the Ti-isobutrin chelate and the corresponding band alignment with TiO(2) are obtained. Also, a thermal stability test revealed that isobutrin is stable above 100 °C.

Butein downregulates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced COX-2 transcriptional activity in cancerous and non-cancerous breast cells

Butein is a flavonoid isolated from the bark of Rhus verniciflua Stokes and the flowers of Butea monosperma, and is known to be a potential therapeutic drug for treating inflammation and cancer. Cyclooxygenase (COX) converts arachidonic acid to prostanoids, and increased expression of its isoform COX-2 has been observed in breast cancer tissues. It has been suggested that COX inhibitors can be used as chemopreventive agents against breast carcinogenesis. This study examined the potential suppressive effect of the flavonoid on phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced COX-2 expression in the non-tumorigenic MCF-10A and cancerous MCF-7 breast cells. Immunoblot and mRNA analyses revealed that butein at or below 10 μM significantly inhibited PMA-induced COX-2 expression in these breast cells. The blocking of the PKC signaling pathway appeared to be the underlying mechanism. Butein treatment reduced the amount of phospho-mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK-1/2, and the total activity of PKC. Activated ERKs might trigger the transcriptional activation of COX-2. Reporter gene assays as well as electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) illustrated that butein inhibited transcription of this gene. This study showed that butein down-regulated PMA-induced COX-2 expression in both cancerous and non-cancerous breast cells, and such findings could provide the basis for pharmaceutical development of butein.

Hepatoprotective potential of aqueous extract of Butea monosperma against CCl 4 induced damage in rats

Aqueous extract of flowers of Butea monosperma (Fabaceae) was evaluated at different dose levels (200, 400, 800 mg/kg, p.o.) for its protective efficacy against CCl 4 (1.5 ml/kg i.p.) induced acute liver injury to validate its use in traditional medicines. The CCl 4 administration altered various biochemical parameters, including serum transaminases, protein, albumin, hepatic lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and total protein levels, which were restored towards control by therapy of B. monosperma Adenosine triphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the liver were decreased significantly in CCl 4 treated animals. Therapy of B. monosperma showed its protective effect on biochemical and histopathological alterations at all the three doses in dose dependent manner. B. monosperma extract possess modulatory effect on drug metabolizing enzymes as it significantly decreased the hexobarbitone induced sleep time and increased excretory capacity of liver which was measured by BSP retention. Histological studies also supported the biochemical finding and maximum improvement in the histoarchitecture was seen at higher dose of BM extract.

Chemopreventive and anti-cancer properties of the aqueous extract of flowers of Butea monosperma

Ethnopharmacological relevance Butea monosperma (Lam.) (Fabaceae) popularly known as ‘flame of the forest’ has been widely used in the traditional Indian medical system of ‘Ayurveda’ for the treatment of a variety of ailments including liver disorders. Aim of the study To evaluate the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and anti-cancer activities of the aqueous extract of Butea monosperma flowers. Materials and methods Dried flowers of Butea monosperma were extracted with water. The extract was tested for its anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-carcinogenic effects in hepatoma cell lines. The chemopreventive and anti-angiogenic effects of the extract were evaluated by its daily oral administration in a HBV-related X15- myc mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Results Treatment with the aqueous extract inhibited cell proliferation and accumulation of cells in G1 phase. This was accompanied by a marked reduction in the levels of activated Erk1/2 and SAPK/JNK and induction of apoptotic cell death. Oral administration of the extract in transgenic mice conferred hepatoprotection as is evident from normal serum ALT levels and improved liver histopathology and lowered serum VEGF level. Conclusions The ability of aqueous extract of Butea monosperma flowers to impose growth arrest and trigger pro-apoptotic death in cell culture strongly correlated with its strong chemopreventive effect in vivo when given orally.

Butrin, Isobutrin, and Butein from Medicinal PlantButea monospermaSelectively Inhibit Nuclear Factor-κB in Activated Human Mast Cells: Suppression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8

Activation of mast cells in rheumatoid synovial tissue has often been associated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-8 production and disease pathogenesis by adjacent cell types. Butea monosperma (BM) is a well known medicinal plant in India and the tropics. The aim of this study was to examine whether a standardized extract of BM flower (BME) could inhibit inflammatory reactions in human mast cells (HMC) using activated HMC-1 cells as a model. Four previously characterized polyphenols--butrin, isobutrin, isocoreopsin, and butein--were isolated from BME by preparative thin layer chromatography, and their purity and molecular weights were determined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis. Our results showed that butrin, isobutrin, and butein significantly reduced the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and calcium ionophore A23187-induced inflammatory gene expression and production of TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 in HMC-1 cells by inhibiting the activation of NF-kappaB. In addition, isobutrin was most potent in suppressing the NF-kappaB p65 activation by inhibiting IkappaBalpha degradation, whereas butrin and butein were relatively less effective. In vitro kinase activity assay revealed that isobutrin was a potent inhibitor of IkappaB kinase complex activity. This is the first report identifying the molecular basis of the reported anti-inflammatory effects of BME and its constituents butrin, isobutrin, and butein. The novel pharmacological actions of these polyphenolic compounds indicate potential therapeutic value for the treatment of inflammatory and other diseases in which activated mast cells play a role.

Bioactive Flavonoids of the Flowers of Butea monosperma

One new dihydrochalcone, dihydromonospermoside (7), was isolated from the flowers of Butea monosperma together with three known chalcones, butein (2), monospermoside (4) and isoliquiritigenin (8), one flavone, 7,3',4'-trihydroxyflavone (6), four flavanones, (-)-butin (1a), (-)-butrin (3a), (+)-isomonospermoside (5b) and (-)-liquiritigenin (9a), and three isoflavones, formononetin (10), afrormosin (11) and formononetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (12). The structure of the new compound was elucidated by spectroscopic techniques whereas those of the known compounds were identified by comparisons of spectroscopic and some physical data with those of reported compounds. The absolute configurations at the 2-position of the flavanones 1a, 3a, 5b and 9a were established to be 2S, 2S, 2R and 2S, respectively, by circular dichroism spectral measurements and were confirmed by comparison of the optical rotations with those of reported values and by enzymic hydrolysis of the glucosides to the corresponding aglycones. The isolated flavonoids exhibited varying antimycobacterial activity with the chalcone 2 being the most active compound (MIC 12.5 microg/ml).

Antidopaminergic activity of isoflavone isolated from Butea monosperma flowers

Summary Bioassay guided fractionation of methanolic extract of Butea monosperma flowers was carried out using inhibition of dopamine-induced contraction of rat vas deferens as a biological end point. The antidopaminergic activity was present in the isoflavone isolated from ethyl acetate soluble fraction of methanolic extract. The methanolic extract, its ethyl acetate soluble fraction and the isoflavone potentiated haloperidol-induced catalepsy and inhibited foot shock-induced aggression in rats in a dose dependent manner confirming the antidopaminergic activity.