Busy Schedule Research Articles

Penerapan Aplikasi Klasifikasi Hukum Tajwid Menggunakan Image Processing

Tajwid is an important science that regulates the way of reading the verses of the Al-Qur’an properly. Learning Tajwid means knowing the meaning that corresponds to the correct recitation. Learning to read the Al-Qur’an tends to be done traditionally in a place of learning or by calling a teacher to the house. Learning in this way has some drawbacks, such as the limited availability of trained and competent teachers because not all areas have sufficient access to these teachers. Dependence on schedules and locations can be a constraint for students with limited mobility or busy schedules. The role of the teacher is still important in learning tajwid, especially in providing effective explanations, guidance, and feedback. However, to overcome these shortcomings, integration with independent and technology-based learning methods can help improve the accessibility, flexibility, and quality of tajwid learning. The classification of tajwid laws using image processing allows users to see the results of inputting images of verses of the Al-Qur’an into the type of detected nun sukun tajwid and how to recite it. The initial stage of this system in detecting tajwid laws from uploaded images is the input of images by users, which can be done in two ways, namely by directly taking pictures using a smartphone camera or uploading images from the gallery. This is followed by the OCR process to detect the Arabic text contained in the image and provide diacritics for that Arabic text. Finally, letter classification is carried out after nun sukun and classification of tajwid laws contained in accordance with the detected letters after nun sukun. This system has an accuracy rate of 92.18% from the classification results that have been carried out.

A Cross-Sectional Study on Sedentary Lifestyle Among Budding Doctors: Silent Killer?

Background Internship is the time period when young doctors learn to balance between professional and personal lives. If they have good awareness and practice of any kind of physical activity during this period, it will help them to continue it forward. This enables them to educate and inspire people and patients around them. The main objectives of this study were to assess patterns of physical activity among medical interns and to understand the factors preventing physical activity among them. Methodology This cross-sectional survey was carried out among interns of a tertiary care hospital in western Maharashtra from July 2022 to September 2022. Ethical clearance was obtained before starting data collection. The survey was administered to those who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The questionnaire was adopted from the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. The data collected were entered into Microsoft Excel (MicrosoftCorporation, Redmond, WA) and analysis was done using MedCalc v.18.2.1 (MedCalcSoftwareLtd, Ostend,Belgium). Results A total of 220 interns were enrolled in the survey, of which 13 were removed due to incomplete data and 28 interns did not participate in the study. Finally, 179 interns were included for analysis in the study.The response rate was 87.27%. The mean age of participants was 23.12 years. The study population consisted of 72 (40.22%) males and 107 (59.78%) females. Among participants, 33 interns (18.44%) were involved in vigorous activity during work, and 108 interns (60.34%) were involved in moderate physical activity during work. The median time of a sedentary lifestylewas 300 minutes per day and was more common among males. Cumulatively busy working schedules and exam preparation were the important reasons for reduced physical activity. Conclusion There is a gap in the practice of physical activity among interns. A sedentary lifestyle was more prevalent among male interns than in female interns. The main constraints were demanding working hours and the pressure of competitive exams. Medical students will become doctors in the futurewho can advise their patients on healthy lifestyle habits. We recommend that it is necessary to promote physical activity in medical schools and to reinforce the importance of physical exercise in the medical curriculum.

Identifying the factors influencing plagiarism in higher education: An evidence-based review of the literature

ABSTRACT The present study explores the major reasons for committing plagiarism, as reported in published literature. One hundred sixty-six peer-reviewed articles, which were retrieved from the Scopus database, were carefully examined to find out the research studies conducted to explore the most common reasons for academic cheating among students and researchers in different disciplines in higher education. A meta-analysis of collected literature reveals that 19 studies were conducted to identify the perceived reasons of committing plagiarism. Four studies with similar constructs of perceived reasons of committing plagiarism, namely busy schedule, overload of homework and laziness, easy accessibility of electronic resources, poor knowledge in research writing and correct citation and lack of serious penalty, were conducted. The pooled mean and standard deviation of the four studies reveal that easy accessibility of electronic resources (Mean = 3.6, SD = 0.81), unawareness of instructions (Mean = 3.0, SD = 0.89), and busy schedule, overload of homework and laziness (Mean = 2.89, SD = 1.0) are important perceived reasons for committing plagiarism. The study findings could help create an effective intervention and a robust anti-plagiarism policy for academic institutions, administrators, and policymakers in detecting academic dishonesty while emphasizing the value of integrity in academic pursuit.

Unhealthy Snacking Habits are Prevalent Among Elementary School Students

Development Index (HDI) showing a noteworthy increase in 2018. This progress is a promising sign for Indonesia's future, placing it in the high human development category. The focus of the report is on child welfare and health services, emphasizing the significance of adequate nutrition for proper growth and development. The report highlights the challenges parents face in providing their children with nutritious food due to their busy schedules, which often results in children buying unhealthy snacks at school. The 2019 Annual Report of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) raises concerns regarding the quality of School Children's Snack Food (PJAS). A significant portion of these snacks did not meet the required standards and were found to be high in sugar, salt, and fat. These unhealthy snacks pose a risk to children's health, leading to health issues such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Moreover, the report notes that poor nutrition not only affects children's health but also their academic performance. By using qualitative research, this report aims to describe the social condition and its impact on the unhealthy snacks habit in school. This report highlights the critical role proper nutrition plays in children's health and academic performance. It underscores the need for parents and schools to work together to provide healthy and nutritious food options for children. Furthermore, the report suggests that schools can play a pivotal role in promoting healthy eating habits by educating children about the importance of proper nutrition and offering healthy food options.

Physical inactivity among university students in Pakistan

PurposePhysical activity is an eminent practice for the maintenance of physical and mental health. Physical fitness always enables students to perform their various tasks efficiently specifically in academic performance. Student health is a principal factor for the performance of all kinds of activities particularly in academic performance. This study aimed to evaluate physical activity among university students and the factors for being inactive.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire was designed and distributed among the students via WhatsApp, Skype and email, however, some responses were collected physically to maintain the quality of data. The questionnaire was categorized into demographic factors, current physical activity status and reasons for physical inactivity. Each section was further divided into questions and total 24 questions were asked from each individual for evaluation of inactiveness.FindingsThe finding of this research explored that enormous number of students are doing part time jobs and unable to find enough time for relaxation. The research was limited and evaluated limited factors and explored that 60.6% of students had less time for entertainment and this is only 2 h for this 60.6% of students. Among all factors of physical activity walking was preferable for 48.34% of the students. Students want to participate in healthy activities. Moreover, students are unable to perform physical exercise due to busy schedules of jobs (47.02%), part-time job burden (15.89%), study burden (35.10%) and poor health conditions (1.32%).Originality/valueThis study concluded that higher percentage of students have stress of limited resources and under this stress condition they are unable to take a balanced diet which they considered cost-effective. They did not perform maximum in their academic and daily activities and did not participate in sports activities. It was also observed that institutions did not provide a sufficient platform for physical activity for students. The research shows the factors which affect the student’s academic performance as being physically inactive. Evaluation of results explored that numerous students have limited resources during their career development and their attention remain diverted to overcome their limited resources which keep them physically unfit. The findings also explored that physically inactive students have heavy study and job burden which is not overcome and analyzed by their institutions.

MODEL BISNIS CANVAS PADA BISNIS WEDDING ORGANIZER DI BATAM

As time progresses, many people are starting to realize the existence of wedding organizers (WO) and are starting to use their services. This is because prospective brides and grooms, most of whom are millennials, are busy with their respective jobs. Because of this busy schedule, prospective brides and grooms find it difficult to prepare everything related to their wedding. This is where the WO's job is needed to help the smooth running of a wedding party. Starting from the contract/blessing to the reception process. Running a business is not enough to just rely on a model, because in reality every business or undertaking requires its own elements. This research aims to analyze a wedding organizer business. The model used to help manage this business is the business canvas model (MBC) which consists of nine elements guided by SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis will really help manage a business starting from describing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. This research focuses more on how to manage the WO business with MBC. The research results explain that before running a WO business, MBC is a tool in management strategy to translate concepts, consumers, infrastructure and company finances in the form of visual elements. With the MBC framework, it is very easy for WO business to be realized quickly and on target.

Automated Maintenance System For Freshwater Aquascape Based On The Internet Of Things (Iot)

Aquascaping is a hobby that has gained considerable popularity across different age groups, from young to old. Aquascaping itself is the art of arranging plants, water, rocks, coral, wood and other natural elements in glass or acrylic containers. One of the main obstacles in the world of aquascaping is consistency, which is often difficult to achieve when the owner has a busy schedule or limited time. Without the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) technology and microcontrollers connected to mobile applications, this drawback is even more pronounced. The inability to maintain consistency in maintenance can lead to a decline in aquascape quality, both in terms of aesthetics and ecosystem health. Therefore, an innovative system using IoT is expected to provide a smart solution to overcome the major shortcomings of aquascape maintenance and enhance the experience of this hobby for its enthusiasts..

Development of Professional Teacher Competencies in the Contract of Subject Teacher Development in Manado City

To be able to achieve quality education, professional teachers are needed. Subject Teacher Conference (MGMP) is one forum that can help improve teacher professionalism. This research aims to find out and analyze how Professional Teacher Competency Development is carried out in the Subject Teacher Deliberation Forum (MGMP) in Manado City. A qualitative approach was used in this research. Subject Teachers' Conference (MGMP) in Manado City as a forum for improving aspects of knowledge, pedagogy and professionalism of junior high school teachers in Manado City. By participating in MGMP activities and programs, teachers have better mastery of the material, mastering standards and competencies, learning theories and learning principles as well as the curriculum of the subjects taught. Activities in the Subject Teacher Deliberation Forum (MGMP) in Manado City must continue to be carried out routinely and sustainably. This research recommends that junior high school teachers must be committed to diligently participating in the activities or programs being implemented, because there are still teachers who do not regularly participate in activities because of their busy schedules. The management encourages its members to actively participate in MGMP activities and programs. Teachers who are not yet very adept at using technology in the learning process must continue to be accompanied and given training and allocated sufficient funds for sustainable implementation of the MGMP.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People Living with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Experiences and Preferences in Accessing Healthcare Across FiveCountries.

The global coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created many challenges in healthcare provision. This study aimed to evaluate the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The RA Narrative COVID-19 survey was conducted online among people with RA who resided in Brazil, Canada, France, Japan, and the US from August to September 2021. The survey examined disease management, healthcare access and experiences, and participant preferences for interactions with their doctor. Overall, 500 participants completed the survey: 100 each resided in Brazil, Canada, France, Japan, and the US. Emotional well-being was the aspect of disease management most reported to be negatively impacted by the pandemic (55% of participants); 'having more anxiety and/or stress' during the pandemic was the top factor that made controlling RA symptoms more difficult (49% of participants). In comparison, the top factor that made controlling RA symptoms easier was 'having a less busy schedule' (35% of participants). More participants had virtual appointments during versus pre-pandemic (53% vs. 13%, respectively) and participants were equally satisfied with the overall quality of care received via virtual and in-person appointments (76% of participants were 'satisfied' or 'very satisfied' with both). However, participants generally preferred in-person over virtual appointments, except for prescription refills, for which preferences were similar (39% vs. 36%, respectively). This survey suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic did negatively impact some aspects of disease management for people living with RA but had positive impacts on the utilization of virtual care. Although participants generally preferred in-person appointments, these results position virtual care as an appropriate means for routine follow-ups.

Factors affecting engagement with a patient portal in a tertiary children's hospital: A qualitative study

BackgroundPatient portals have been shown to be beneficial for caregivers of children with chronic diseases, simplifying appointment-booking processes and improving communication between healthcare teams and families. However, there is low uptake of patient portals in this community. Despite some research into barriers of portal use among adults with chronic conditions, there is limited understanding of barriers to portal use among parents of children with chronic conditions. This study aimed to explore the perceived barriers to engaging with a patient portal among caregivers of children attending a tertiary children's hospital. Materials and methodsA qualitative study was conducted with a purposive sample of participants (n = 7) who were caregivers of patients at a tertiary children's hospital, and not using the patient portal. Semi-structured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and deidentified before being thematically analysed using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). ResultsSix themes emerged; four fit into the two TAM categories: perceived ease of use (technical difficulties and patient portal design) and perceived usefulness (existing system and process, and appropriateness for patient context). Two additional factors were found: awareness of the patient portal and attitudes towards technology. ConclusionsParticipants identified barriers to patient portal uptake that broadly aligned with the TAM and with barriers affecting self-managing adults. The need for the portal to be easily integrated into caregivers’ busy schedules appeared to be more evident in this study than in those exploring factors affecting self-managing adults.

Assessing the provisions for sustainability in economics degree programmes

PurposeHigher education institutions (HEIs) offer courses and programmes focusing on sustainability in economics, as courses on sustainable development (SD), which examine the economic, social and environmental dimensions of SD. This paper aims to examine sustainability integration in economics degree programmes.Design/methodology/approachThrough an extensive literature review in Web of Science (WoS) and information search in Google, conducting to 28 relevant case studies, this paper elucidates the emphasis given to sustainability as part of economics degree programmes in HEIs.FindingsThe results suggest that, whereas the inclusion of sustainability components in this field is a growing trend, much still needs to be done to ensure that matters related to SD are part of the routine of university students studying economics.Research limitations/implicationsIt is worth noting that the literature review conducted in WoS was primarily aimed at assisting in the selection of university case studies. The 28 university case studies scrutinised in this study may lack sufficient representation from numerous developing countries.Practical implicationsThis study highlights challenges in integrating the SD into economics degree programmes, suggesting the need for curriculum adjustments as underscoring operational issues, acting as barriers. The inclusion of sustainability in economics programmes must navigate operational issues stemming from packed timetables and busy schedules, requiring innovative solutions.Social implicationsAs far as the authors are aware, this study holds substantial importance in its emphasis on implementing sustainability within HEIs’ economics programmes, assisting in pursuing SD.Originality/valueThe novelty of this study lies in addressing sustainability with the specific economics focus programmes within the HEIs context.

Health Seeking Behavior and Self-Medication Practice among Undergraduate Medical Students in a Selected Private Medical College in Bangladesh

There is a need to have a formal health program for the medical students, set guidelines for students to follow if they fall ill and provision of rational medication. Students need to be made aware of the dangers of self-treatment and investigation. This cross-sectional study was conducted among the undergraduate medical students of US Bangla Medical College (USBMC), Narayangonj from July to December 2022. The study aims to assess the health seeking behavior and self-medication among the students. Data were collected by interviewing students using a pre-designed questionnaire and twenty Likert items were prepared for data collection. Data were analyzed by using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 25. Total 293 students were interviewed, among them male - female ratio was 1.23:1 and the age range of the participants was 17 to 28 years. Most of the (70%) students were belonged to upper-middle class family; where 21% from upper class, 8% from lower middle class, and only 1% from the working class family. Regarding the father's educational status of the students more than two-third (69%) of their fathers completed university degree, 29% completed higher secondary or secondary level of education and few (2%) had informal education. Most of the students (81%) used to take medicine without prescription/ self medication. Among the students around one-fourth of them used to take both paracetamol (26%) and painkiller (24%) as self-medication; where 13% of the students used to take antibiotic. Regarding the opinion of the well established definition of ‘Health’ that is “Health includes physical, mental and social well-being and not just absence of disease/ infirmity” most of the students (90%) gave positive statement (agree 58% and strongly agree 32%); where 5% of them were neutral and rest 5% were disagreed. Nearly two-third (65%) of the students expressed their opinion positively (agree 49% and strongly agree 16%) on “seek help immediately when they develop some physical symptoms” that is they seek immediate help for their illness; where 14% of them were neutral and rest 21% were disagreed. More than one-third (35%) of the students stated the reason for self-medication related to their too busy schedule to visit physician and 21% stated that the illness was too minor for consultation; other reasons were knowledge about the drug and illness, follow old prescription, over the counter drugs etc. Almost one-third (30%) of the students opined positively that public health care facilities provide standard health care, but more than one-third (36%) did not comment and rest one-third (34%) differed on it. Remarkably used self-medicated drugs were paracetamol (26%), painkiller (24%), 13% and others NSAIDs/ Analgesics, Antacid/ PPI, Vitamins, antitussive, antihistamines. The statistical test revealed that there is a strong relationship of their opinion on attention to mental physical well-being for healthy lively-hood between coping ability, seek the best care from college hospital and seek help for sensitive matters other than own college hospital (at 5% level of significance). To ensure better health seeking behavior and good practice knowledge of medical students was not absolutely satisfactory. Awareness regarding demerits of self-medication like antibiotics resistance and side effect of drugs would be build among the students. This study would facilitate for increase of medical knowledge and promotion of higher health-seeking behavior. Bangladesh Med J. 2022 Sept; 51(3): 37-42

Lived experiences with pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake and adherence among transgender women in Thailand: a qualitative study.

Transgender women (TGW) are disproportionately affected by HIV, and HIV prevalence among TGW in Thailand has been increasing. Although oral daily pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective for HIV prevention, PrEP uptake and persistence among TGW have been low. This study aimed to provide a deeper understanding of TGW's experiences with PrEP uptake and adherence, and to identify major barriers to PrEP use to inform intervention adaptation. We interviewed 20 young TGW (six non-PrEP users, eight adherent, six non-adherent) and 10 health care providers from two HIV clinics in Bangkok, Thailand, in 2022. We focused on understanding challenges to PrEP use in this population using an interview guide based on a theoretical model of behaviour change and thematic content analysis. Thematic analysis identified major barriers to and facilitators of PrEP uptake and adherence. Barriers to PrEP initiation included low self-perceived HIV risk, concern about potential side-effects, patient burdens such as frequent HIV testing for prescription refills and social stigma against PrEP. Barriers to adherence included side-effects, inconvenient access to health services (especially during COVID-19 lockdowns), forgetfulness resulting from busy schedules and low self-perceived HIV risk. TGW also reported health care providers' stigma against PrEP users deterred them from seeking further PrEP services. TGW identified major facilitators of PrEP initiation, including awareness about the benefits of PrEP, concern about risks of HIV and supportive social networks of PrEP users. As to PrEP regimens, most TGW participants reported a clear preference for long-lasting, injectable PrEP over daily oral PrEP. TGW and health care providers largely agreed on barriers and facilitators of PrEP use, but they differed in perceptions of HIV risk. The results highlighted challenges and opportunities to improve the delivery of PrEP, as well as other sexually transmissable infection and mental health services, especially among TGW. Thus, there is an urgent need for developing effective intervention programs that could raise PrEP awareness and knowledge, reduce PrEP stigma, and improve PrEP delivery systems among TGW in Thailand.

Risk factors of treatment interruptions among drug-sensitive and drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients - A study from South Delhi, New Delhi, India

BackgroundA variety of factors influence adherence to the lengthy duration of anti-tuberculosis treatment, making it a complicated and dynamic problem. The objective of this study was to investigate the treatment interruption patterns using pre-defined criteria among a cohort of pulmonary tuberculosis patients and to elicit the associated factors. MethodsThis prospective, observational study was conducted between October 2016 to May 2018. All smear and culture positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients (age ≥ 14 years) enrolled between October 1, 2016 to March 31, 2017 across 3 Designated Microscopy Centers (DMCs) were included and followed up till end of treatment for outcome in drug-sensitive, and till interim outcome at 6 months for drug-resistant TB patients. Patterns and reasons for interruptions were recorded as per the study protocol. Results171 patients were enrolled in this study, of which 135 (78.94 %) were on Category-I and Category-II treatment (drug-sensitive tuberculosis), 23 (13 %) were multidrug-resistant (MDR) and 13 (8 %) were extensively drug resistant (XDR) tuberculosis patients. Among the drug-sensitive group, 65 (48 %) patients completed their treatment without any interruption while 70 (52 %) patients interrupted with at least one missed dose. Among the 36 MDR/XDR patients, 19 (53 %) patients did not interrupt treatment, but 17 (47 %) patients interrupted with at least one missing dose. The 87 patients in both sub-groups interrupted for 232 times/episodes of which 140 were short and 84 were long interruptions. The main reasons for interruption were found to be busy schedule in 63 (29 %) patients, adverse drug reactions in 40 (18.4 %) and comorbidities in 43 (19.8 %) patients. Feeling of early improvement/no improvement in 23 (10.5 %) patients, addictions in 27 (12.4 %) patients, lack of family support in 14 (6.4 %), unawareness of dosage and duration of treatment in 7 (3.20 %) patients were other common reasons. ConclusionThe plurality of patients studied were found to be in the younger age group i.e., 14–25 years (n = 75), constituting nearly 44 % of all the patients included and male treatment interrupters (62 %) outnumbered the females (38 %), possibly owing to work schedule or addictions. The majority of interruptions were related to patient related factors (93.5 %), followed by DOTS provided factors (6.40 %) and system related factors (3.01 %). Further studies should be conducted to classify the factors of treatment interruptions in detail and also to study the impact of these interruptions’ patterns on final outcomes.

A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude, and practice of health-care professionals about adverse drug reactions reporting in a tertiary care teaching hospital of southern Rajasthan

Background: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting is the integrity of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to counteract fatal outcomes aroused by the use of medications during therapy. The underreporting of ADRs imposes major problems globally. The pharmacovigilance program plays a key role in detecting and preventing ADRs. Targeting the upcoming younger generation of HCPs and sensitizing them towards ADR reporting in their clinical practice is essential. Aims and Objectives: The main objective of our study is to measure the knowledge, attitude, and practice of interns and postgraduates at our institute towards ADR reporting and pharmacovigilance. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on interns and postgraduates of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Udaipur, Rajasthan. A set of 28 standard questions related to knowledge, attitude, and practice of pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting were distributed among 106 students after taking the ethical approval from the institute. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS (version 20) software in percentage. The Chi-square test (χ2) was used, and P < 0.01* was considered significant statistically. Results: In our study, we found most of the participants were in 21–30 age groups (84.19%); male participants were (67%) in comparison with females (33%). The majority of interns showed their interest in participation (66%) rather than postgraduates (34%) in this study. The overall knowledge (14.645, P = 0.01), attitude (14.64, P = 0.01), and practice (35.712, P = 0.01) of HCPs were found to be significant. Conclusion: We conclude from this study that both interns and postgraduates have good knowledge of ADR reporting, but interns lack practice in their daily duties due to fear of heavy paper work, and postgraduates lack attitude towards ADR reporting due to heavy duty schedules. Most of the participants, i.e., interns and postgraduates, felt ADR reporting was their primary responsibility along with patient safety. Recurrent training and sensitization of upcoming medical professionals about ADR reporting will impart better patient compliance and eradicate fatal outcomes. They also suggest a separate working body needs to keep by institutions to collect the ADR reports during their busy duty schedules.

Immunization Status of Children 12-36 Months Age of Migrant Workers and Factors Associated with it in Urban Areas of Bangalore East.

Immunization is a cost-effective weapon against vaccine preventable diseases. Children of migrant workers suffer from lack of immunization because of frequent shift of places, poor knowledge, and low socioeconomic status. To assess the immunization status of children 12-36 months of age of migrant workers and factors associated it. To identify the reasons for non-immunization or partial immunization among these children. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 500 migrant workers' children aged 12-36 months residing in Urban Bangalore east from February 2019 to August 2020. A cluster sampling method was incorporated. The data were collected using pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Epi-info™ Version 7.2.1 and SPSS version-21. Data were summarized in percentages, mean, standard deviation, and logistic regression. The mean age of the children was 25.2340 ± 8.42 months. Out of 500 children, 88.60% were fully immunized, 11.40% were partially immunized, and no child was unimmunized. Significant predictors of immunization status of children were education of father and immunization card. Common reasons for dropout were inconvenient time (80.70%), unaware of need (77.19%), and busy schedule of parents (75.44%). The dropout rate of BCG to MR-1, Penta-1 to Penta-3, and Penta1to MR-1 was 6.49%, 0.85%, and 2.12%, respectively. Immunization coverage in the present study was 88.60%. Inconvenient time was the main reason behind partial immunization.

Study of Family Structure and Fast-Food Consumption: Analysing the Impact of Busy Schedules

Study of Family Structure and Fast-Food Consumption: Analysing the Impact of Busy Schedules

Increasing Accessibility to Intradialytic Cycling in Rural and Remote Settings: Program Report.

Access to exercise and rehabilitation is often lower in rural or remote areas and hemodialysis (HD) dependence imposes additional barriers. Intradialytic cycling (IDC) can improve HD-related symptoms, such as leg cramping, restless legs, and symptoms of depression, as well as physical function and fitness, but access to exercise professionals with this expertise is limited. To promote access to IDC in rural and remote HD units, we describe the implementation and initial evaluation of a novel IDC program using virtual assessment to safely prescribe and individualize IDC. We developed and piloted a protocol for virtual IDC assessment and prospectively collected metrics informed by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to support future quality improvement activities. Rural HD units were defined as per Alberta Kidney Care North (AKC-N)'s operations. The virtual IDC program components were: HD unit education sessions, support and interest from local unit staff and those receiving HD, a bike, a supervising kinesiologist, a stable Internet connection, a nurse present during the 25-minute initial virtual assessment, and virtual follow-up every 3 to 4 weeks with the kinesiologist. The initial assessment consists of a virtual bike test where the participant performs a graded, symptom-limited cycling trial with documentation of vital signs and rating of self-perceived exertion (relative intensity). The data are used to prescribe IDC (frequency, intensity, time). The HD unit staff learn participant and bike set-up, confirm safe exercise parameters for that day, adjust the bike intensity, and take vital signs. Outcomes for evaluating the impact of the IDC program using the RE-AIM health framework were selected. Out of the 24 HD units in AKC-N, 18 units were defined as either remote or rural (75%). Four of the units (22%) adopted the program, which was less than our target of 30% of units. Individual-level participation (Reach) within those units ranged widely (1-67%) with only one unit reaching the target of at least 30% individual-level participation. Reasons for starting IDC were intradialytic cramping, restless legs, deconditioning, and boredom during HD. Reasons for non-participation were lack of interest and a desire to sleep. Routine exercise program questionnaires on health-related quality of life for program effectiveness were not consistently completed by participants. All virtual assessments were completed as per protocol with a nurse (100% fidelity); however, tests often needed to be re-scheduled due to technical issues with Wi-Fi, limited unit staffing, operational demands, and/or safety concerns. At 1 year, all 4 units continued to participate with 2 additional HD units starting the following year. Reach could be improved by introducing intradialytic exercise to individuals at HD initiation, prior to moving to their local satellite HD unit. Existing measures of program effectiveness may not be relevant to program participants or feasible to implement without an on-site exercise professional. Technical issues and navigating the busy schedules of unit staff were limitations to completing tests as scheduled. Implementing a protocolized approach with virtual support can increase accessibility to an evidence-based treatment in HD units without exercise professionals. For people requiring HD, reach may be improved with early education and exposure at HD start and with orientation sessions for staff. Adding a virtual IDC assessment day for staff as part of their routine monthly task schedule may promote institutionalization. Formalized follow-up sessions for kinesiologists and nurses to discuss program concerns would benefit the program in the future. Completion of program effectiveness measures may be improved by selecting more individualized options, for example, person-reported measures related to the individual's reason for referral.

CORRELATION BETWEEN TIME OF HAVING SEX OF MARRIED COUPLES AND OF GIVING BIRTH TO THE CHILD AND ITS IMPLICATION ON SEX RATIO. A CASE OF THREE PROVINCES; MUCHINGA, NORTHERN AND LUAPULA OF ZAMBIA

The study was undertaken to determine whether there was correlation between time of having sex of married couples and the time for giving birth to the child. Three research questions were raised and answered by administering questionnaires. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 92 married people from the three provinces of Zambia and the clinic. The five points Likert rating scale was used in determining whether there was correlation between time for sex and time for birth. Data was analyzed using simple frequency counts, percentages and analysis of variance. The results of the study showed that there was correlation between time for sex and birth and Zambia like any country has almost the same sex ratio. The reason for this correlation was that most married couples have sex mainly at night when they were free from their busy schedules of work

Prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among doctors and nurse in a medical college hospital in Puducherry: A cross-sectional study

Background: Hypertension is one of the most important public health problems in the world. Especially among health workers, it is neglected to do a regular check-up on their blood pressure due to busy schedules. Studies from various countries show that there is an increase in blood pressure among doctors and nurses. The present study aimed to quantify the prevalence of hypertension and its associated factors among doctors and nurses working in a medical college. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among doctors and nurses of a medical college in Pondicherry from May 1 to August 31, 2021. A total of 260 study participants were included in the study; among them 75 were doctors and 185 were nurses. Sampling was done based on a stratified sampling technique. Data was collected in pretested preformed questionnaire, and analysis was done with 2019 and SPSS Statistics version 21.0. Results: The prevalence of hypertension among doctors was 28% and nurses 16.8%. The overall prevalence was found to be 20%. It was found that age-group (p = 0.001), gender (p = 0.001), occupation (p = 0.040), hours of sleeping (p = 0.013), smoking (p = 0.001), and alcohol consumption (p = 0.001) are significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: Hypertension is seen among doctors and nurses which show that measures have to be taken to control them. Doing lifestyle modifications like cessation of smoking and alcohol is advisable. A minimum of 6 hours of sleep per night is recommended for doctors and nurses to function at their best.