Business Viability Research Articles

Anxiety and Associated Stressors Among Farm Women in England and Wales

ABSTRACT Objectives The findings presented here derive from a wider study that sought to establish a baseline understanding of mental health and wellbeing among the agricultural community in England and Wales. This paper focuses on selected questions that investigated levels of anxiety and associated stress factors among farm women, a group which has been relatively neglected within previous research on farming mental health in the United Kingdom. Methods A questionnaire survey was widely distributed to members of the agricultural community in England and Wales (n = 15,296) in both paper and online formats. The survey included a number of standardised instruments to assess mental health and wellbeing, including the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 scale (GAD-7). Focusing on a sub-sample of female respondents (n = 3487), this paper details the findings from the GAD-7, alongside those from a selection of other questions investigating sources of stress, loneliness and perceived business viability. Results A significant proportion of female respondents were experiencing anxiety at the time of survey completion, with 23.3% reaching the threshold for clinically relevant anxiety based on their GAD-7 scores (medium or severe anxiety, scores≥10). A further 34.6% were classified as experiencing mild anxiety (scores 5–9) whilst 42.1% were not suffering from anxiety (scores 0–4). Medium/severe anxiety was identified as being associated with a number of stress factors, feelings of loneliness and pessimistic perceptions of farm business viability. There were important age-based differences, with working-aged women identified as more likely to suffer from anxiety, loneliness and certain stressors than older women. Conclusion The findings reported here indicate concerning levels of anxiety among farming women and this should be seen as a call to action. There are clear associations between anxiety and a range of stressors and, although we cannot ascertain causality, these point to issues that demand attention in efforts to improve mental health within this social group. The factors contributing to anxiety are, however, multiple and complex and farm women may be affected by particular gender-based challenges that have not yet been explicitly explored in relation to mental health. Further research is needed to investigate and understand these issues in greater depth.

Analysis of Toyota's Operations to Maintain its Brand Position During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Toyota is a major multinational corporation dedicated to the manufacture of automobiles and transportation equipment, with sales ranked among the world's top and named a Number 1 Motor Vehicle Company on Fortune Magazine's 2020 "World's Most Admired" list 2020. The main purpose of this article is to analyze how the strategies implemented by Toyota during the COVID-19 pandemic period (late 2019-2022 in this article) have helped it regain its business viability as soon as possible and to assess the feasibility of these strategies for other automobile manufacturing companies through three aspects: actual cases, financial analysis, and SWOT analysis. According to the author's research, most business analysis articles only start from a company itself or give an appropriate opinion of this company, but this article wants to give an opinion to other car companies by analyzing Toyota's strategy to give an opportunity to the current trend of economic globalization.

Analysis of the influence of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C E-Commerce with depth of review as antecedent

Online shopping has developed rapidly in Indonesia since the Covid-19 outbreak, making potential customers frequently browse e-commerce. In e-commerce there is a social commerce construct which is a construction originating from social commerce such as online reviews. Depth from online reviews on a product cannot necessarily be trusted and prospective customers also cannot use other people's experiences as an assessment of product quality. Customer review also considers perceived value from a utilitarian and hedonic perspective. Therefore, this study analyzes the effect of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with the antecedent depth of review in Indonesia. This study uses SOR (stimulus-organism-response) theory. The population of this study are individuals who live in Indonesia and have done shopping online in one commerce which has facilities online review such as Tokopedia, Blibli, Amazon, Alibaba, and JD.ID. Sampling technique nonprobability sampling by using techniques convenience sampling total 137 samples. The data collection method uses the survey method, while the data analysis method used is PLS-SEM. The results of the study show that depth review affects perceived utilitarian and hedonic values, and perceived utilitarian and hedonic values also affect browsing. Thus, all hypotheses are accepted, which means that there is an influence of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with an antecedent of review depth. This research can be used as a reference for further studies by digging deeper into the effect of the depth of review on other variables that can have an impact on the viability of a seller's business in e-commerce. This research can be used as a reference for sellers to evaluate and create strategies to encourage customers to give positive reviews so that they can influence other readers when browsing e-commerce where it is hoped that purchases will occur. This research pioneered the study of perceived value of browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with antecedents of depth of review in Indonesia.

Managing climate risks in business using the precautionary principle

The article states that the functioning of business in a changing environment associated with the aggravation of the climate crisis requires increased attention to uncertainty, identification and neutralization of possible climate risks that may adversely affect its functioning and further development, as well as the implementation of measures to adapt to climate change. It is emphasized that adaptation to climate change is a process of business adaptation in response to actual or expected destructive climate impacts, which allows to reduce their negative effects and take advantage of favorable opportunities. It is emphasized that climate risks are difficult to predict due to their radical uncertainty and unique properties, including unpredictability, difficulty of forecasting, complex dynamics and chain reaction effects. In addition, climate risks are irreversible and non-linear, so even minor climate change can lead to significant and even catastrophic consequences for businesses. Therefore, managing business climate risks is crucial, as the impact of secondary effects can affect the company's operations, leading to financial losses due to fluctuations in asset values. It is substantiated that forecasting of climate risks to business should be based on the results of studying the background of natural disasters that have affected the viability of business in previous years and the results of assessing its vulnerability to climate change. The methods for assessing climate risks to business, adapted for use in Ukrainian practice, are considered. A search for ways to manage business climate risks on the basis of the precautionary principle is carried out. It is proved that the proposed additions to the Methodological Recommendations for Assessing Risks and Vulnerability to Climate Change in Socio-Economic Sectors and Natural Components will allow clearly observing the trends in the priority of climate risks and promptly making decisions on their neutralization or minimization of their impact on economic activity. At the same time, they will simplify modelling of the impact of climate change on business in the short and long term, which will facilitate early adaptation measures and the creation of reserves to cover losses resulting from the occurrence of difficult to manage and/or unmanageable climate risks.

Intangible Asset Investment and Business Sustainability of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

In recent years, research has shown that companies have steadily increased their investment in intangible assets relative to tangible assets, and many scholars have studied the impact of these investments on firm’s profit and performance. However, there have been very few studies examining the impact of these investments on the sustainable growth of firms in Nigeria. This study investigated the impact of intangible asset investment on the business viability of Nigerian deposit money institutions. The investigation employed an ex-post facto design with a sample size of twelve deposit money institutions. The analysis utilised secondary data obtained from the Nigerian Exchange Group. The random effect regression analysis technique was used to analyse the data, and the results indicated that goodwill intensity has a significant positive effect on sustainable growth rate, whereas asset intangibility intensity has a significant negative effect on the sustainable growth rate of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Therefore, the study concludes that investment in intangible assets has a significant impact on the business sustainability of Nigerian deposit money banks. For sustained business growth, the study recommends that deposit money institutions invest more in intangible assets.

Formation of the Innovative Validity of Industrial Enterprises

The article is devoted to the development of innovative activity of industrial enterprises in the conditions of new industrialization, which determine the survival of a science-intensive business through the activation of the development and implementation of high-quality R&D, capable of creating high-demand science-intensive products both at the national and global levels. In the article, the authors expand the traditional approach to understanding innovation by introducing a new concept into scientific circulation - «innovative validity». On the basis of a comparative criteria analysis of such basic definitions of innovation management as innovation potential, innovation activity, innovation susceptibility, the place of innovation consistency in the practice of industrial enterprises is clarified, while it is justified that it is an evolutionary stage in the development of innovation activity in the chain innovation potential - innovation activity – innovative susceptibility – innovative viability. The article highlights the distinctive features of the innovative viability of a science-intensive business and offers a number of recommendations aimed at its institutionalization. Keywords: Innovation; Business; Innovative opportunity; Innovative potential; Innovative activity; Sensitivity to innovation; Industrial enterprise.

Investigating the participation of battery energy storage systems in the Nordic ancillary services markets from a business perspective

Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are gaining potential recognition in renewable-based power systems. To maintain the stability of such systems, BESSs units are being deployed for the provision of ancillary services (ASs). For BESS owners, it is vital to assess the business value of providing ASs to engage in a profitable trade. However, studies so far have mainly focused on the operational control of BESS units in ancillary services markets (ASMs) while ignoring investigations from a business viewpoint. Therefore, in this paper, we analyse the BESS-based provision of Nordic ASs from a BESS-business perspective. To this aim, we identify the profitable bidding hours for the BESS units by investigating hourly patterns in the market prices of the past six years. We also analyse the monthly and yearly trends in historic price datasets of ASs to help BESS owners develop long-term business plans. Moreover, for the BESS owners to choose between different markets, we investigate the revenue streams associated with each ASs and determine the yearly income from their availability and capacity payments. Our findings imply that BESS business viability in the Nordic ASMs can be increased by stacking ASs based on their availability payments, energy content, and activation requirements.

The Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Profitability on Company Value With Media Expo

The increasingly fierce and competitive business world competition has resulted in many companies having to be able to maintain their business viability. In order to survive, the value of the company is the most important part for a company. In addition to profitability which is one of the financial factors, company value can also be influenced by non financial factors, namely CSR Disclosure. This study was conducted by the author to analyze the effect of the independent variables namely CSR Disclosure (X1), Profitability (X2) on the dependent variable Firm Value (Y), with the moderating variable Media Exposure (Z). This research used was type of quantitative. The research population was 53 consumer goods companies and 17 companies were selected as research samples with a total of 68 observations. The documentation technique is used as data collection, while the data analysis used in this study includes the analysis of the outer model and inner model is the data analysis used in this study with the SmartPLS 3 (Partial Least Square) program. The results of the research that have been obtained are (1) CSR Disclosure has and effect on Company Value, (2) Profitability has an effect on Company Value, (3) Media Exposure has been proven to weaken the influence of CSR Disclosure on Company Value, and (4) Media Exposure can’t moderate the influence of Profitability on Company Value.

Determination of The Success of Muslim Women Ebtrepreneurs: The Conceptual Model

Khadijah has set an example as a successful Muslim woman entrepreneur. However, specific research focusing on the success of Muslim female entrepreneurs is still limited. This study aims to identify the determinants of the success of Muslim women entrepreneurs and develop a conceptual model. Literature research data sourced from Google Scholar. Data collection using the publish or perish application. Data analysis used the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) approach. The study's results have identified four indicators of success for Muslim women entrepreneurs: business performance, business viability, staying in the industry for the long term, and generating profits. Furthermore, there are four dimensions of the success factors of Muslim women entrepreneurs: attitude, motivation, competency, and resources. In the end, this research has also produced a conceptual model for determining the success of Muslim women entrepreneurs. Therefore, the ministry in charge of entrepreneurship can respond to the results of this study by increasing the contribution to the four success factors of Muslim women entrepreneurs.Khadijah has set an example as a successful Muslim woman entrepreneur. However, specific research focusing on the success of Muslim female entrepreneurs is still limited. This study aims to identify the determinants of the success of Muslim women entrepreneurs and develop a conceptual model. Literature research data sourced from Google Scholar. Data collection using the publish or perish application. Data analysis used the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) approach. The study's results have identified four indicators of success for Muslim women entrepreneurs: business performance, business viability, staying in the industry for the long term, and generating profits. Furthermore, there are four dimensions of the success factors of Muslim women entrepreneurs: attitude, motivation, competency, and resources. In the end, this research has also produced a conceptual model for determining the success of Muslim women entrepreneurs. Therefore, the ministry in charge of entrepreneurship can respond to the results of this study by increasing the contribution to the four success factors of Muslim women entrepreneurs

Effective valorization of precision output of algaquaculture towards eco-sustainability and bioeconomy concomitant with biotechnological advances: An innovative concept

Both input resources and ecosystem stability are critical to the long-term viability and sustainability of the aquaculture business, which is booming while supporting global food security. Over the past few decades, technical advancements have been made to help achieve both economic and environmental goals. Among these, “algaquaculture,” which combines algae culture with aquaculture, is seen as a revolutionary concept with numerous advantages. The only difference between this system and aquaponics is that algae are used instead of leafy plants. In aquaponic systems, this integration is innovative because of algae’s superior ability to utilize waste-derived nutrients, such as nitrate, nitrite, and total ammonia nitrogen (TAN). An additional benefit of algae is that they promote growth, stimulate the immune system, and even enhance the color of fish. Some algae with human health benefits and biodiesel sources have a high market price, which can be used to compensate for an integrated aquaculture-based system’s higher economic value. While aquaculture waste bioremediation can greatly improve environmental sustainability, it is important to note that algae can play a significant part in bioremediation because of their ability to minimize environmental disruptions. This review aims to highlight the new concept of algaquaculture, functional role of algae in aquaculture, and biotechnological advancements for the bioeconomy to establish microalgae-based food production systems, including aquaculture, by citing the role and benefits of such an integrated algal-aquaculture system. For this reason, the review intends to disseminate an idea like this over the globe, focusing on how to preserve the sector in the coming years. • Algaquaculture, which combines algae culture with aquaculture, is seen as a revolutionary concept with numerous advantages. • Algaquaculture has great impact on circular and bioeconomy. • The biotechnological advances makes algaquaculture a sustainable strategy for frontiers industrial applications.

Linkages between regional characteristics and small businesses viability

Our study identifies regional traits associated with small business viability, paying particular attention to bank lending to minority-owned firms. Although creditworthy minority business enterprises (MBEs) have less access to bank financing than similar White-owned firms, they have increased their nationwide employee numbers substantially since 2002, more so indeed than White-owned firms. The discouraged borrower incidence among creditworthy MBEs, nonetheless, is quite high. Given their limited access to financing, the dynamism displayed by these firms is surprising. To link regional characteristics to bank lending policies, local economic well-being measures and racial intolerance levels are used to identify areas where banks participate in Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) agreements, a proxy for their willingness to disregard owner race and firm geographic location when financing firms. We find that regional prosperity is positively linked to CRA agreement presence, while a legacy of institutionalized racism is negatively linked. We next explore whether the presence of local CRA agreements is linked to relatively fewer discouraged small business borrowers. The incidence of creditworthy borrowers discouraged from seeking bank financing drops significantly when CRA agreements are present locally.

THC Yield and Greenhouse Cover Materials: Optimizing the Profit of Medical Cannabis


 Even though Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a psychoactive substance, studies indicate that it has therapeutic properties. Moreover, the modification in Greece legislation regarding the legalization of cannabis has resulted in new business opportunities for medical-cannabis related companies. This study aimed to evaluate whether different greenhouse cover materials affect THC yield and propose a business plan for any potential medical-cannabis related company in Greece. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of different plastic cover films in greenhouses for the cultivation of Cannabis sativa. Furthermore, the economic viability of a potential medical-cannabis related business in Greece was evaluated based upon a financial analysis. Yields were increased in greenhouses with double plastic cover materials (compared to the control). According to the results of our comparative economic analysis the production of medical cannabis in greenhouses constructed with double layered cover materials would significantly increase profits. Finally, greenhouse medical-cannabis production is much promising in Greece. Nevertheless, the use of appropriate greenhouse cover materials should be considered as they affect THC yield and therefore, the profit of the company.

Survival during Times of Disruptions: Rethinking Strategies for Enabling Business Viability in the Developing Economy

There exists a noticeable void in the literature about strategies that business operators, especially those in highly vulnerable economies, can adapt to sustain their survival and to achieve growth in economically turbulent times. This study investigated strategies that can support the viability and survival of businesses in times of environmental disruptions. The study adopted a qualitative research design that involved the interview of 31 business owners across different sectoral groups including fashion and telecommunication that are operating in Nigeria’s Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) sector. The interview sessions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. The findings reveal that amid disruptions, the business owners were resilient and established diverse digital strategies that helped them to keep their businesses afloat throughout the time of disruption. This finding contributes to the field of entrepreneurship as it offers practical strategies for supporting business owners during times of disruptions, especially in a developing country context.

A Regression Model of the Number of Taxicabs in U.S. Cities

In cities that control the number of taxicabs by law or regulation, setting the number of cabs is one of the most important decisions made by taxicab regulators and elected officials. Licensing either too many or too few cabs can have serious deleterious effects on the availability and quality of service and the economic viability of the taxi business. Yet local officials often have difficulty quantifying the demand for taxi service or tracking changes in demand.Multiple regression modeling of the number of cabs in 118 U.S. cities identifies three primary demand factors: the number of workers commuting by subway, the number of households with no vehicles available, and the number of airport taxi trips. These results can be used to identify peer cities for further comparison and analysis and to guide regulators in measuring changes in local demand for cab service.

Exploring Factors Leading to Customer Loyalty to Fashion Brands: A Case Study of Harare, Zimbabwe

The study sought to analyze the factors that lead to customer loyalty to fashion brands in Harare, Zimbabwe. The study made use of a qualitative research approach. Data was collected using unstructured interviews and focus group discussions from five managers and ten fashion consumers for five fashion retail shops in Harare selected through the purposive sampling technique. Findings were analyzed thematically. The findings reflected that customer loyalty to fashion brands was mostly influenced by economic conditions such as inflation, wages, market interest rates, demographics, customer satisfaction, decrease in disposable income and buying power. Strategies such as product promotions and provision of flexible hire purchase facilities among other suggestions emerged from the findings as ways to improve customer loyalty and viability of the fashion business. The study recommends fashion retailers to formulate a fashion retailer’s board responsible for organizing forums to discuss issues regarding customer brand loyalty and fashion retail business improvement. The study findings helped to develop a model that may help in improving fashion products consumption and customer loyalty.

Case study: Coastal shipping in sub-Saharan Africa

The development of coastal shipping (CS) in Africa has been identified as a way to bolster the continent’s freight transport network. Thus, our study examined the recent CS experiences of three regional shipping lines in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)—Ocean Africa Container Lines, Adom Mbroso Transport and United Africa Feeder Line—operating respectively in Southern, West and East Africa. We employed an in-depth case-study approach involving semi-structured interviews with senior managers, which enabled us to discover and understand the real-life phenomenon of successfully operating CS services in SSA today and how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the three companies. Our study revealed gaps that need to be addressed in order to develop maritime transport in Africa’s subregions, namely by clarifying the predicted appropriateness and credibility of different policies and which elements are more likely to generate positive behavioural change in regional shipping lines. It also revealed major barriers for CS, including customs, a lack of intra-regionally traded cargo and high tariffs and low efficiency at port. Although the establishment of the Africa Continental Free Trade Area and 2050 Africa’s Integrated Maritime Strategy have clearly had positive effects, African states need to implement the policies in concert as well as improve the performance of ports. Last, concerning the pandemic, COVID-19-related restrictions have decreased transport demand for CS in SSA and limited crew changes, shore leaves and cargo operations. Although business viability has been negatively affected as a consequence, freight rates have increased across SSA and thus improved the sustainability of CS.

Analysis of the Viability of Tourism and Future Development Strategy in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Region

The purpose of the article is to evaluate the current situation of the tourism industry in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and discuss further developing strategies. The main research approach is through the SWOT method, and the main data resources are secondary data from relative articles and organizations. In general, through the SWOT analysis, the strength of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau regions in to develop tourism industry includes unique natural and socio-cultural environments, high-quality infrastructure, and government support; the weakness includes the lack of professional tourism operators and innovative and diverse tourism products; the opportunities including the increasing number of middle classes in China and possible involvement of the local community in the future; the threats mainly from the negative impacts from tourism to the unique natural and socio-cultural local environments. Future developing strategies are focused on 4 perspectives: being sustainable, having business viability, increasing the involvement of the local community, and building infrastructure in a more sustainable approach.

Will environmental land management fill the income gap on upland-hill farms in England?

The decision by the UK Government to withdraw from the European Union has prompted a major review of Agricultural and Environmental Policy. Focussing on upland farms in England, we explored the implications of switching from direct income support to ‘public money for public goods’. We posed two questions: (i) what public goods can upland farms provide? and (ii) can the rewards for environmental land management options fill the income gap due to loss of income support? Working with three volunteer upland farms, we combined the methods of a map-based natural capital and ecosystem services assessment with those of financial farm business appraisal. From this we produced a synthetic ‘Pen Farm’ Case to demonstrate the methods, produce indicative results and help support decisions by policy makers and practitioners during policy transition. We conclude that plugging the income gap could require a threefold increase in net income from environmental options. This will, however, require resetting the relationship between agricultural and environmental outcomes, particularly involving changes to livestock and grassland management. Furthermore, as environmental services become a core business function, payments by results must provide sufficient return on effort and assets to maintain the viability of the upland farm business. We also conclude that the integration of natural capital and farm business accounting is critical to support decision making at the farm and landscape scales as the transition to environmental land management is implemented.

Role of green innovation and supply chain management in driving sustainable corporate performance

Amidst the current demand for sustainable development in the globalized world, a green-orientation emerges as a strategic direction for businesses that increasingly attracts stakeholders because of its significant value for the business viability and sustainable development. The extant literature shows that the studies on CSR's influence on corporate outcomes have diverse approaches. The study explored the link of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and sustainable corporate performance (SCP) of SMEs mediated by green innovation (GI) and green supply chain management (GSCM) in an emerging economy context. The extant literature lacks discussions around the above combined relationship and impact to the sustainability domain. Using the survey method and Partial Least Squared Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using 486 primary responses covering middle and senior managers, the study supports role of CSR in driving the sustainable corporate performance (SCP) with the intervention of GI and GSCM. The deliberations advance the current CSR literature and its involvement in the value-creating activities that lead to business performance. Importantly, this study emphasizes the implications of a circular economy in GSCM towards sustainability. Accordingly, it motivates SMEs to make strategic, operational changes that lead to significant environmental, social, and economic impacts.

Evaluasi pengguna tepung ciplukan (physalis angulata linn) dalam ransum terhadap kelayakan analisis dan profitabilitas usaha puyuh jantan

Abstract Utilization of ciplukan flour (physalis angulata linn) as a poultry feed ingredient, especially for quail, is still very rarely done, especially in terms of financial aspects and business profitability. For this reason, this research is urgently needed to be carried out in the hope of providing an overview of the business feasibility and profitability value obtained from male quail farming using basal rations containing ciplukan flour. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of ciplukan flour as a feed ingredient in quail ration formulations and its effect on business viability and profitability. The research material used was 64 male quail, which were reared from the age of 1 week to 5 weeks of age, the research was carried out at the Animal Husbandry Field Laboratory (LLP) Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University which took place on November 20, 2021 - January 4, 2022. The research method was carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design consisting of 4 ration treatments and 4 replications. The ration treatments consisted of: P1 = control ration (0% ciplukan), P2 = basal ration (2% ciplukan flour), P3 = basal ration (4% ciplukan flour, and P4 = basal ration (6% ciplukan flour). observed include: production costs, revenues, income/profits, business feasibility (R/C ratio and B/C ratio), and profitability.The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed descriptively.The results showed that the use of ciplukan flour as much as 2-6% (P2, P3 and P4) in the male quail ration formulation could reduce the production cost of quail farming compared to the control treatment (P1). The lowest total cost of production is found in the treatment of rations containing 6% ciplukan flour (P4), which is Rp. 72,298 and the highest total cost of production is in the control treatment (P1), which is Rp. 80,497. Likewise, the cost/price of the rations obtained ranged from Rp. 6,760 - Rp. 7.420/kg. Furthermore, the value of receipts obtained ranged from Rp. 98.000 - Rp. 105,000/treatment. While the profits obtained start from Rp. 17,504 - Rp. 30,167/treatment. The highest profit was found in the ration treatment containing 6% ciplukan flour (P4), which was Rp. 25,702, and the lowest was obtained in the control treatment (P1), which was Rp. 10,504. Furthermore, the highest R/C ratio was found in the ration treatment containing 4% ciplukan flour (P3), which was 1.40, while the lowest was the control treatment (P1), which was 1.22. Likewise, the highest B/C ratio value was found in the ration treatment containing 4% ciplukan flour (P3) with a B/C ratio value of 0.40, and the lowest B/C ratio was found in the control treatment (P1) and the lower ration treatment. contains 0% ciplukan flour with a B/C ratio value of 0.22. Furthermore, the highest profitability value was found in the ration treatment containing 2-6% ciplukan flour (P2, P3 and P4) and the lowest was in the control treatment (P1). It was concluded that the use of ciplukan flour as much as 2-6% in the formulation of male quail rations can reduce production costs and increase the value of profitability and is feasible to continue/develop male quail business on a larger scale.Keywords: Male Quail, Ciplukan, Production Costs, Revenue, Income, Business Feasibility (R/C ratio and B/C ratio), and Profitability.