Business Process Modeling Notation Research Articles

ANALISA PROSES BISNIS SIMPAN PINJAM PADA KSU JAYA MARUTI MENGGUNAKAN BUSINESS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT

KSU Jaya Maruti is a form of all-business cooperative that runs various types of businesses, one of which is the savings and loan business. There are various problems and risks faced by KSU Jaya Maruti in carrying out the savings and loan business process. The problems that are often faced are in data management, such as the frequent occurrence of human errors when recording and unintentional changes to data, and difficulties in reconciling data at the time of closing the books and auditing. In this research, business process modeling (as-is) and (to-be) were created using Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) with the Business Process Improvement (BPI) method so that the KSU Jaya Maruti can be helped to face its problems. The results of this research recommendation are the modeling of ongoing business processes (as-is) and recommendations (to-be), as well as additional applications in the form of financial technology to carry out the recommended business processes. From the calculation of the distribution of questionnaires based on the results of the member questionnaire with respondents from 150 people, 76.89% of respondents stated that they agreed that the KSU Jaya Maruti implemented financial technology, and for the employee questionnaire with respondents from 18 people, 80.76% stated that they strongly agreed to implement financial technology.

Orchestration constraints BlockChained smart contract and integrated digital twins manufacturing systems: ManuChain4.0-based application paradigm and case study

Decentralized manufacturing systems constrained by blockchain significantly enhances data security and process integrity. Nevertheless, intelligent workshops encounter hurdles related to scalability of nodes, efficiency in validation, configuration of process security, and management of online/offline operations, which pose challenges to the seamless application of blockchain in workshop manufacturing environments. This paper introduces an architecture based on BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation) for integrating smart contracts and digital twins manufacturing systems. It explores effective strategies to address the challenges mentioned above, with the aim of enhancing integration and application approaches. (1) Utilizing a graphical model-driven solution for the visualization and configuration of manufacturing resources on the front end, creating a BPMN-driven orchestration diagram and an off-chain/on-chain interoperability model for manufacturing smart contracts, and investigating voting mechanisms and customization methods specific to smart contracts in workshop manufacturing; (2) The two-layer monitoring model based on blockchain 3.0 and Tangle-based verification backend is established by introducing Cached DTs to implement negotiation of smart contracts based on BPMN constraints at the upper level, and supporting device node expansion and verification mechanisms at the lower level, thereby realizing swift synchronization and comprehensive visualization across the entire manufacturing lifecycle; (3) Based on multiple open-source technologies, a decentralized intelligent workshop case that relies on distributed information management is constructed. The comprehensive experimental results underscore the technical superiority of the proposed system architecture.

A structured approach for enhancing clinical risk monitoring and workflow digitalization in healthcare

A multitude of studies have highlighted alarming data on healthcare adverse events and medical errors in many countries, including Italy. Many of these errors appear to be the result of non-compliance with good practices and organizational operating procedures, specified in ministerial directives and international standards. This paper describes the efforts of an Italian research project to propose a structured approach to healthcare process management, emphasizing clinical risk management. Using the Business Process Model and Standard Notation (BPMN), the project models clinical processes and integrates them into the clinical information system to identify process deficiencies, highlight compliance vulnerabilities, monitoring and managing clinical risks. The workflows’ digitalization, enabled the definition and calculation of several Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for a long-term evaluation of the success of the modeled processes. In the experimental phase, the project allowed to identify areas significantly affected by operational deviations, enabling targeted actions to safeguard patient health and generate economic savings due to the reduction of legal actions against medical workers’ errors. The effects of an overall improvement on quality of care can be appreciated not only by patients but also by medical and administrative staff of the clinics.

Not yet another BPM lifecycle: A synthesis of existing approaches using BPMN

ContextBusiness Process Management (BPM) is considered an important management approach that encompasses a set of methods for managing the business processes of an organization. To maximize the benefits of BPM, scholars have conceptualized its steps in schematic diagrams with interrelated phases called BPM lifecycles. As this approach has been established, the phenomenon of perpetual proposition of BPM lifecycles has been observed in relevant literature. This practice obscures what should be relatively straightforward: a consensus among researchers and practitioners regarding the steps that a business process should flow through during its lifecycle. ObjectiveThe aim of this work is to investigate the existing BPM lifecycle models proposed in literature, identify convergences and variations in these models, analyze their core components and locate common patterns that will enable the synthesis of a BPM lifecycle that is conceptualized with Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), the community de-facto business process modeling notation. MethodTo formalize the research problem and develop the design of a solution, the Design Science Research Process (DSRP) model was adopted. To investigate the perpetual proposition of BPM lifecycles in literature, the authors conducted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). On whether recurring patterns can emerge from the BPM lifecycles, a normalization process was introduced to homogenize the data and four metrics were used to evaluate the results. The emerging patterns were assembled into a graph that formed the basis for proposing a synthetic BPM lifecycle. ResultsThe outcome of the paper is three-fold: First, the identification of four major inefficiencies of existing BPM lifecycles, namely varying granularity, inconsistent nomenclature, subjective polysemy, and lack of formal conceptualization approaches. Also, a standardized definition of the inclusive steps that exist in the lifecycles by clustering the existing ones in a conceptually systematic manner. Finally, a synthetic BPM lifecycle is conceptualized that systematizes the existing concepts and their interrelations based on a formalized BPMN model in two levels of granularity: a basic version that illustrates the functional and control-flow aspects of the BPM lifecycle and an enhanced version incorporating additionally the resource and data perspectives. ConclusionThis paper proposes a BPMN-based conceptualization of the BPM lifecycle that can facilitate the management of business processes by providing enhanced clarity, improved resource management, and predefined error handling in a BPM initiative. By systematizing the control-flow, data, and resource perspective of the BPM lifecycle, stakeholders can gain a clear understanding of the sequence of steps, the interrelated data flows, and the distribution of work.

IMPLEMENTASI ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING BERBASIS OPEN SOURCE PADA USAHA SETIA MOTOR TARUTUNG

Utilization of technology is one of the steps that can be taken by MSMEs to compete with other MSMEs. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is one of the information technologies that can be used by MSMEs. Setia Motor Tarutung is one of the MSMEs in needed implementation of the ERP to help integrate data and optimize currently business processes. This study aims to configure and conduct testing the ERP system with the Dolibarr application that can meet the business process needs of MSME Setia Motor Tarutung. The business process modeling will provide information regarding the current needs of MSME Setia Motor Tarutung. Thus, it is possible to modify an open source-based ERP system using the Dolibarr application and produce an ERP system that is able to meet the needed for current. The Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) method is used to identify the business processes of MSME Setia Motor Tarutung. Testing of the configured ERP system is carried out using the Black-Box Testing method. From the research conducted, it is found that business process modeling with the BPMN method has a major influence on the success of ERP implementation. From the results of the analysis, design and implementation, it was found that the basic Dolibarr modules and features were able to meet the needs of MSME business processes. The system test results show that all functions of the ERP system that have been configured can be used by owners properly and also meet the need of MSME Setia Motor Tarutung.

S3EF-HBCAs: Secure and Sustainable Software Engineering Framework for Healthcare Blockchain Applications.

Blockchain applications in healthcare have grown rapidly. They include record-keeping, clinical trials, medical supply chains, patient monitoring, etc., where blockchain characteristics are needed to improve safety, privacy, and security. Blockchain technology is one of the most significant disruptive technologies today. However, Porru et al.1 reported that it lacks processes, tools, and techniques. Therefore, this paper provides a systematic framework for a secure and sustainable software engineering framework for healthcare blockchain applications (S3EF-HBCA). S3EF-HBCA is a significant contribution that includes requirements engineering for healthcare, business process modeling for healthcare, domain modeling for healthcare, a reference architecture for healthcare, and validation by a case study on electronic healthcare record management system (EHR), and simulation with business process modeling notation (BPMN) tools. The simulation shows it has taken 10.45 min to process 100 instances of real-time data and service requests. The overall result shows encouragement regarding process, tools, standards, and testing.

Business Process Improvement for Reducing Delay in the Material Document Issue Process in the Fertiliser Manufacturing Industry

The business process will be carried out by the fertiliser company. Currently, process delays are a problem for one of the departments in this company. The delay contributor is an unsatisfied 3.5% gap rate in the material document issue process key performance indicator (KPI). This will disrupt the process flow and can have a domino effect on end-users. Business process improvement (BPI) is one of the most powerful and effective methods to use for improving the business process and business process modeling notation (BPMN) provides a notation that is simple to understand for analysis of the business process. The result of the BPI tool is the design of a new business system with improved processes modeled using Bizagi Modeler, because several processes are still handled manually. So, the processing time is long and needs to be evaluated. Some of the activities will be elimination, upgrading, and simplification. The percentage increase in the total time of the proposed business process is 7% in the KPI. The process time decrease in the total time of the proposed business process is 10.90 days. Further research should be conducted to reduce delays in the material document issue process for the next levels, such as resource analysis and calendar analysis, it will be able to figure out what method is more appropriate for business process improvement in the material document issue.

Modeling of Accounting Information Systems in Companies Implementing the Sharing Economy Business Model

The purpose of this study is to offer modeling of the Accounting Information System, especially the payroll system, using the concept of the Business Process Management System. The object of this research is the online media company PT Kreasi Ngalam Media (AboutMalang.com). Currently, the system that is being used to manage employee data, calculate salaries, and generate reports still relies on manual processes. The use of a web-based employee payroll information system application is expected to provide significant assistance to companies in managing employee data, calculating salaries, and preparing reports. The research method used is qualitative, and the data collection uses primary data sources in the form of direct observation and secondary data sources from the company's payroll reports. The results of this research are in the form of a business process model based on the Business Process Model Notation (BPMN), which can improve effectiveness and efficiency, with an impact on improving the quality of the company's business processes.

Assessing the risk of using hazardous drugs in Hospital-at-Home Units: a big data study protocol

ObjectiveThis article describes a study protocol for the implementation of quality and traceability control in the hazardous medication circuit through an analysis of risks and the development and introduction of a Big Data-based software application aimed at performing a continuous and dynamic audit of the whole system. MethodA standardized graphical modeling tool called Business Process Model Notation will be used to generate a detailed description of each of the stages in the hazardous medication circuit with a view to ensuring full traceability of the system. The information on each stage will be collected in a flowchart, which will be used —together with each event's likelihood of occurrence and severity— as a basis to calculate the criticality index of the different control points established and to determine any control measures that may be required. The flowcharts will also be used to develop the technological support needed to capture all such data as may be relevant to the model. Proper quality control of the process will be ensured by client software agents intended to allow automatic application of efficient data processing tools at the different phases. In addition, Big Data methodologies, in particular machine learning, will be used to develop algorithms based on the repository of generated data to come up with patterns capable of improving the protocols to be applied. Lastly, proper operation of the process will be ensured by means of clinical-pharmaceutical verification and a full technical-documentary review of control and registration systems. ConclusionsThe development of a risk management system based on mobile technology will allow integration of hazardous drugs into a standardized system, ensuring the safety, quality, and traceability of the hazardous medication handling process.

Pemodelan Proses Bisnis Kuliah Online MOOCs menggunakan BPMN (Studi Kasus alison.com)

Online lectures have been recognized for their existence in independent learning. However, many still don't know the scope of the business process, from the account registration process to taking exams. This article discusses business process modeling using Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) in online lectures on the international standard ALISON MOOC models. This research aims to overview the process and business model of MOOC online lectures with ALISON. This type of research is descriptive qualitative, which describes objective conditions based on facts the researcher found in the field. Data is collected through literature study, problem analysis, and business process modeling. This research results in modeling the online college business process at ALISON. The business process elements, from course registration to the exam implementation, are mapped in detail using the BPMN standard. Through modeling using BPMN, the process of creating an account, participant profile, course selection, course registration, learning media, completing assignments and exams, and obtaining a certificate can be described. This article provides helpful information for users interested in business process modeling and its notation in the ALISON online course.

Digital twin implementation approach in supply chain processes

Integrating technology and data throughout value chains is critical for achieving efficiency. Smart technologies that enable innovation and continuous improvement are key to long-term success. Modelling and simulation of business processes help to better understand existing systems and optimize processes. However, current approaches to digital transformation tend to focus solely on outcomes rather than the strategic methodology needed for successful implementation, resulting in differing valuations of solutions investments. This paper's significant contribution is introducing a new conceptual implementation method for digital twin technology in supply chain processes. This methodology enables technology and system evaluation at the process study stage, and a stylized business case demonstrates its application in a real-world scenario involving digital twin integration into order fulfilment in a manufacturing factory using Business Process Modelling Notation (BPMN) to simulate "As-Is" and "To-Be" processes.

Federated Data Modeling for Built Environment Digital Twins

The digital twin (DT) approach is an enabler for data-driven decision making in architecture, engineering, construction, and operations. Various open data models that can potentially support the DT developments, at different scales and application domains, can be found in the literature. However, many implementations are based on organization-specific information management processes and proprietary data models, hindering interoperability. This article presents the process and information management approaches developed to generate a federated open data model supporting DT applications. The business process modeling notation and transaction and interaction modeling techniques are applied to formalize the federated DT data modeling framework, organized in three main phases: requirements definition, federation, validation and improvement. The proposed framework is developed adopting the cross-disciplinary and multiscale principles. A validation on the development of the federated building-level DT data model for the West Cambridge Campus DT research facility is conducted. The federated data model is used to enable DT-based asset management applications at the building and built environment levels.

Big data BPMN workflow resource optimization in the cloud

Cloud computing is one of the critical technologies that meet the demand of various businesses for the high-capacity computational processing power needed to gain knowledge from their ever-growing business data. When utilizing cloud computing resources to deal with Big Data processing, companies face the challenge of determining the optimal use of resources within their business processes. The miscalculation of the necessary resources directly affects their budget and can cause delays in the cycle time of their key processes. This study investigates the simulation of cloud resource optimization for Big Data workflows modeled with the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN). To this end, a BPMN performance evaluation framework was developed. The framework’s capabilities were presented using real-world data science workflow and later evaluated on workflows consisting of 13, 52, and 104 tasks. The results show that the developed framework is adequate for estimating the overall run-time distribution and optimizing the cloud resource deployment and that the BPMN can be utilized for Big Data processing workflows. Therefore, this study contributes to BPMN practitioners by providing a tool to apply BPMN for their Big Data workflows and decision-makers by giving them critical insights into their key business processes. The framework source code is available at https://github.com/ntankovic/python-bpmn-engine.

Business process modeling notation as a tool for translating SOGC guidelines to provide clinical decision support for prenatal care within EMRs

This study describes the use of business process modeling notation to translate SOGC recommendations for antenatal care into actionable items that can be incorporated into the workflow of clinicians in EMRs using application programming interface technology.

XL-BPMN Model-Based Service Similarity Measurement Technique

In service-oriented developments, existing studies do not give lots of efforts on a formalized and systematic method for measuring similarities between services for their reuse in business models. This deteriorates the reusability of the constructed service due to the developers’ intuition and informal service analyses. In this paper, we propose a technique for measuring similarity of services by analyzing syntax and semantics between services in the eXtended Layered business process modeling notation (XL-BPMN) model. First of all, the profiles of the formalized attributes for specifying services are defined, and the criteria for determining service similarities are established. To measure similarity between services, a technique both a syntactic similarity analysis facilitated by the XL-BPMN model-based edge counting method and a semantic similarity analysis based on meta data registry (MDR)-applied service attributes is specified. To automate analysis, a tool that can support the semantic similarity analysis technique is implemented. An online shopping mall system is investigated and evaluated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The similarity measurement technique, which is further formalized at upper business levels, can improve the accuracy of service analyses and enhance service reusability by distinguishing services with high similarity levels as common services.

BUSINESS PROCESS REENGINEERING SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BASED BLOCKCHAIN USING BPR LC

The agricultural sector in Indonesia is a superior sector compared to other sectors. The red onion commodity in Indonesia has the highest household consumption rate. Nowadays, technological developments are widely used to support existing agriculture to get maximum results. One of the technologies that can be used in agriculture is blockchain. The application of blockchain has gained importance in information systems and information technology research in the agricultural sector. However, in Indonesia, precisely in Central Java, there is no red onion supply chain management that uses blockchain technology for data storage, data security and data transparency. The author has a goal to re-engineer to overcome these problems by implementing blockchain technology using the Hyperledger Fabric and modeling business processes with Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN). This research uses the Business Process Re-Engineering Life Cycle method in which this research produces red onion supply chain management with a new business process that is described by Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) and produces blockchain applications with various features and testing has been carried out using the Black box testing method with the result that existing features can run well without problems and the web application is running according to user needs to support supply chain management deficiencies so that they become more optimal and transparent in data storage.

A business process re-engineering approach to transform business process simulation to BPMN model.

Software reverse engineering and reengineering are becoming common in the field of games and website development. Simulation and modeling play an important role in understanding the flow of the overall system. Business process modeling notation (BPMN) is used to show the overall architecture of the business process. Simulated business process re-engineering is essential for implementing change or creating new processes. The simulation model explains whether a change will be successful or not prior to adopting any new business processes or other changes. Some available tools help convert the BPMN to a simulating BPMN model but converting the discrete event simulation model build in commercial off the shelf simulation packages like Simul8 to the BPMN to help generate business process simulation to BPMN is also a key challenge. This framework is introduced to convert the simulation model to BPMN using the reverse engineering concept to understand how the converting tools convert the BPMN model to the simulation model. After understanding this process, the concept of reengineering will be used to build a BPMN from the simulation model. The framework is divided into three main parts model translation, model mapping, and model formation. For model building, two simulation tools Simul8 and BPSimulator are used. It is then tested on two case studies bank and product manufacturing. The output shows the BPMN model is generated from the simulation model within less time on a single click saving time and resources for developing BPMN model first and then making simulation model for testing purpose.

RehaBEElitation: the architecture and organization of a serious game to evaluate motor signs in Parkinson's disease.

The use of serious games (SG) has received increasing attention in health care, and can be applied for both rehabilitation and evaluation of motor signs of several diseases, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the use of these instruments in clinical practice is poorly observed, since there is a scarcity of games that, during their development process, simultaneously address issues of usability and architectural design, contributing to the non-satisfaction of the actual needs of professionals and patients. Thus, this study aimed to present the architecture and usability evaluation at the design stage of a serious game, so-called RehaBEElitation, and assess the accessibility of the game. The game was created by a multidisciplinary team with experience in game development and PD, taking into consideration design guidelines for the development of SG. The user must control the movements of a bee in a 3D environment. The game tasks were designed to mimic the following movements found in the gold-standard method tool-Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS)-for the assessment of individuals with PD: hand opening and closing, hand extension and flexion, hand adduction and abduction, finger tapping, and forearm supination and pronation. The user interacts with the game using a wearable interface device that embeds inertial and tactile sensors. The architecture of RehaBEElitation was detailed using the business process model (BPM) notation and the usability of the architecture was evaluated using the Nielsen-Shneiderman heuristics. Game accessibility was evaluated by comparing the overall scores of each phase between 15 healthy participants and 15 PD patients. The PD group interacted with the game in both the ON and OFF states. The system was modularized in order to implement parallel, simultaneous and independent programming at different levels, requiring less computational effort and enabling fluidity between the game and the control of the interface elements in real time. The developed architecture allows the inclusion of new elements for patient status monitoring, extending the functionality of the tool without changing its fundamental characteristics. The heuristic evaluation contemplated all the 14 heuristics proposed by Shneiderman, which enabled the implementation of improvements in the game. The evaluation of accessibility revealed no statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between groups, except for the healthy group and the PD group in the OFF state of medication during Phase 3 of the game. The proposed architecture was presented in order to facilitate the reproduction of the system and extend its application to other scenarios. In the same way, the heuristic evaluation performed can serve as a contribution to the advancement of the SG design for PD. The accessibility evaluation revealed that the game is accessible to individuals with PD.

Checking Missing-Data Errors in Cyber-Physical Systems Based on the Merged Process of Petri Nets

Missing-data errors easily occur in cyber-physical systems (CPSs). Although many business process modeling notation (BPMN)-based methods are proposed to model CPSs and detect errors, it is hard to automatically verify their correctness, especially in the data flows, due to their lack of formal specifications. By comparison, Petri nets, as a formal method, are widely used to detect data-flow errors. However, these methods easily suffer from the state-space explosion problem. This is mainly because their reachability graphs or state transition graphs are based on the interleaving semantics. As an unfolding technique of Petri net, a merged process can characterize concurrency relations and alleviate this problem. Thus, we utilize the merged process of Petri net with data (PD-net) to check the missing-data errors of the CPS. We first transform a BPMN of the CPS into a PD-net and generate its merged process. Meanwhile, we analyze its structural behaviors and data-adjacent events. Furthermore, we propose an algorithm for checking missing-data errors. In addition, a case study and some experiments are done to show the practicality and effectiveness of our method.

A tool for the semantic annotation, validation and optimization of business process models

AbstractThe adoption of the business process model notation for the description of internal workflows and procedures by both public administrations and private organizations is steadily growing, thanks to the simplicity of the standard and its consistent expressivity. However, the lack of semantic support from BPMN can pose important limitations to its efficient use, as ambiguities in task definitions and communications can lead to misinterpretations. Furthermore, there is the need to validate the BPMNs, to check their adherence to regulations, especially in public administration, and to verify their conformance to security and privacy constraints. In this work, we present SemPrAnn, a semantic annotation tool for BPMN that, exploiting domain ontologies and logical rules, provides the possibility to unambiguously identify concepts in workflows and to run inferential engines against them to enforce the rules. The manuscript presents the methodology applied for the implementation of the tool, the tool itself with its exposed functionalities, and a case study demonstrating its current capabilities.