Business Patterns Research Articles

KIPRAH KOPERASI SYARIAH DALAM MENGELOLA PASAR TRADISIONAL MENURUT PERATURAN MENTERI KOPERASI DAN USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH NOMOR : 11/PER/M.KUKM/XII/2017

Today's sharia cooperatives have begun to show a very positive view among the community, where the mindset is built that by adhering to sharia principles there will be no element of usury in running their business so that people feel safer if they join cooperatives. Traditional market management by sharia cooperatives will be much more useful and make it easier for members to obtain business capital loans in the form of sharia concepts. With the issuance of this cooperative ministerial regulation which will regulate savings and loan business activities and sharia financing, it will foster the passion of traditional markets because market traders will be helped directly from the financing aspect in carrying out their business activities. Sharia savings and loan and financing activities by sharia cooperatives will encourage the openness of the mental attitude of traders who feel protected from usury behavior and will get blessings for any business profits obtained, if this is embedded in the mindset of every market trader then it is only natural that the market will advance and the community will be spared from business patterns that contain usury element. Traditional markets under the management of sharia cooperatives sooner or later the community paradigm will wake up that traditional market activities will change the designation to the term sharia market. The regulation of the minister of cooperatives and small and medium enterprises number: 11/Per/M.KUKM/XII/2017 concerning the implementation of savings and loan business activities and sharia financing by cooperatives has provided a very significant space for traditional market traders in running their business.

BUILDING INNOVATIVE FRAMEWORKS TO ENHANCE INTEGRATED BUSINESS STRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP

The article presents the research findings on building innovative frameworks to enhance integrated business structure development in entrepreneurship. It is argued that integrated business structures that take into account the development trends and business activity rate to boost opportunities for the use of various organizational and legal management frameworks is the optimal management pattern to ensure entrepreneurship success. The study suggests that the specifics of business development strategy triggers the need to explore certain methodological aspects in management decision-making to boost integrated business structure activities. The article provides insights into specific features of innovative frameworks of integrated business structure development as well as identifies their structural elements. An emphasis is put that business structure performance is greatly affected by organizational, technical, financial, economic and operational business factors as well as the number of links in management chains. It is justified that in the context of selecting business structures, the integration goals and strategy are of critical importance. The study has identified the following structural elements of innovative frameworks to enhance integrated business structure development in entrepreneurship: providing targeted operational control in the areas of management; implementing strategic, systemic and tactical principles in the management process, ensuring optimal development of all business components subject to its key structural elements; type of organizational and legal business pattern; capital type and structure of integrating business structures; the model of financial arrangement and business interaction between the participants; management paradigm; the type of control; the degree of integration; the strategic priorities in business development.

ІНТЕРНЕТ-МАРКЕТИНГ ЯК КОМПОНЕНТА ТУРИСТИЧНОГО БІЗНЕСУ В РОЗУМНІЙ ЕКОНОМІЦІ

The article discusses the contemporary issues related to the application of Internet marketing tools in tourism business along with estimating the growth rates of the global cloud computing and hosting market for 2010–2020 and analysing its structural and functional changes in different time periods. Modern tourism industry is viewed as a highly dynamic and fast-growing sector that not only adapts to market needs but also demonstrates new business practices using advanced cloud technology and business models. A special emphasis is put on the argument that the high growth rates of cloud technologies in recent years have been underpinned by the need to use an integrated database to manage business processes in tourism industry. The study provides insights into modern subject areas and marketing research objectives in the context of tourism digitalization as well as explores the fundamental change in the environment, settings and business patterns of tourism sector actors from the Internet marketing perspectives. The authors also present a concept of a system approach to information, technological and marketing support of a tourist product in the framework of business globalization. The findings justify the need to develop up-to-date strategic solutions by tourism enterprises with a focus on advanced knowledge practices in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic subject to the evolution of digital tools in tourism. The study offers an overview of the European Tourism 3.0 policy which provides for its consistent implementation in the concept of the national sustainable development along with identifying the relationships between the key factors to ensure the effective response of the tourism market actors to global competition challenges using Internet technologies. In addition, the article discusses particular applied aspects of tourism startups that have developed effective cloud technologies as well as demonstrates rapidly growing public value of startups and electronic industry advances as innovative idea generators in the tourism industry.

The Opportunity of Applying Digital Currency in SEKEM community Egypt

This paper examines the opportunity of applying digital currency in a sustainable community called SEKEM, where SEKEM is always encouraging innovation practices that focus on developing their community in a sustainable way. A framework has been suggested by utilizing readymade SEKEM MIZA extracted from Cyclos 4 system after redesign according to proposal framework targets, then making initial survey to measure questionnaire reliability which exceed 0.8. A descriptive research methodology utilized to identify the success opportunity of applying such framework in SEKEM community by questionnaire survey designed for such purpose on a convenient sample of 114 respondents. It was found that applying digital currency in such community will lead to explore opportunities to reduce the cost of living and education for community respondents and also add value to SEKEM as a special business pattern.

Rethinking Management of the 21st Century: Аn Approach to Contemporary Business Education

This paper is addressing the issues of modern management thinking which became one of the most critical tasks in contemporary business education. Such thinking must reflect all major changes and challenges in science, technology, economy, politics, culture, and society which took place within the first two decades of the 21st century and especially now in the times of pandemic crisis. It is very important not only in terms of analysis but also as an explanation of the patterns of business and management behavior. It became the topic of serious scientific debate of the most prominent business researchers and consultants. The purpose of the article is to develop the methodological approach for further research of modern management and suggest the conceptual model which could structure the analysis of contemporary business reality. The author suggests the conceptual model for further research which could explain the essence of new management revolution. Such open model could be added and interpreted and is already applied in different educational programs in Russia.

Sustainability. The End of Finance as It Was

It is undeniable that sustainability has become one of the hottest discussion subjects nowadays. From a broad perspective, the ramifications of sustainability reach almost all of the social, political and economic territories. However, on many occasions, the lightness and superficiality with which the terms related to this matter are handled, make us think that it could be just a temporary fashion. We must not confuse ourselves. The truth is that we are witnessing profound changes in the socio-economic system that unveil a paradigm shift. If we set sustainability aside for a second, and we look from a pure socio-economic perspective, it becomes obvious that we are in the middle of an intergenerational wealth transfer of approximately 30 trillion dollars from the so-called baby boomers to their successors. And these successors - not just millennials, but people in their 30s to 40s - simply think about their economic decisions differently. Consequently, institutional investors have changed gears in their economic vision as well.It is the end of finance as it was. The consideration of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance) factors into economic decisions represent not just a fashion but a new reality. A reality that represents a sizable challenge that, in many ways, comes along with plenty of controversy. In practice, it means the consideration of environmental, social and governance factors along with financial factors in the economic decision-making process. And this is a fundamental change for the financial and capital management world. The new paradigm confronts two main forces that can adopt different names, denominations or justifications: sustainability vs profitability, ESG vs financial performance, environment vs profit, etc. In sum, many economic operators may think that ESG factors could compromise financial performance. Is this reflection true or is it just an excuse for those anchored in certain patterns? This analysis will deep dive into the rational behind the current changes in the finance and capital markets to align its structures and business models to the new sustainable economy.10 keys explain the importance of sustainability in today’s finance world. These 10 macro trends are behind a profound transformation movement in the financial market setting up a new pace and new business patterns. It is the end of finance as it was.

Effect of integrated technology for fattening beef cattle in the livestock zone of North Sulawesi

This on-farm study aims to increase beef cattle productivity by utilizing integrated technology packages for local cattle fattening with a target of at least 800g/head daily gain. This study was carried out in the Minahasa Selatan district from August to October 2018. The integrated technology package for the fattening business pattern included: (1) complete feed, (2) intensive maintenance in multi-purpose cages, and (3) eradication of complete parasites. A complete feed is formulated in a balanced feed consisting of ammoniated rice straw and concentrate locally. The amount of dry matter concentrate was given per head is 1.5% of body weight (50% total consumption), while the ammoniated straw was ad libitum. For multipurpose cages, the upper part is equipped with a multipurpose tower as a barn while simultaneously serving straw, ad libitum, and continuous. Complete eradication of parasites using broad-spectrum anti-parasites to eradicate endoparasites that attack digestive tissues and other internal organs and ectoparasites to control the skin worms and eyeworms, cattle grubs, mange mites, sucking lice, sand tampans, and ticks. This study used fifteen local PO bulls fattened with an initial body weight of an average of 278.4 kg (± 54.34) with an observation period of 12 weeks. The observations showed that the average daily gain was 1,158 g/head, feed consumption 8,358 kg DM/head/day, and feed conversion ratio of 7.56. In contrast, the results of the business feasibility analysis showed a BCR coefficient of 1.69. The results of statistical analysis showed that the average weight gain increased significantly (p <0.01) after utilizing integrated fattening technology (308.8vs278.4 kg). It was concluded that the use of integrated technology for cattle fattening in beef cattle could increase productivity significantly and economically feasible.

Large self-insured employers lack power to effectively negotiate hospital prices.

Self-insured employers cover more people than Medicare, Medicaid, or direct purchasers of private insurance.This study examined the ability of self-insured employers to negotiate hospital prices and the relationship between hospital prices and employer market power in the United States. Repeated cross-section analysis of commercial claims. We used the US Census Bureau County Business Patterns data to estimate employer market power at the metropolitan statistical area (MSA)-year level and used the Truven Health MarketScan commercial claims to estimate mean hospital prices and price ratios at the MSA-year level (2010-2016). We calculated descriptive statistics for employer market power, mean hospitalization prices, and a case mix-adjusted price ratio measure during the study period and analyzed the 10 most concentrated labor markets. We estimated MSA-year-level ordinary least squares regressions of hospitalization price and the price ratio measure on employer market power. Large self-insured employers had concentrated market power in very few MSAs in 2016. The mean value of our employer market power measure was 62 for 2016, compared with the mean value of 5410 for hospital market power in the United States. Regression analyses find a slight relationship: A 1-point increase in employer market power was associated with a $6.61 decrease in the hospitalization price (mean = $20,813), but this result becomes statistically insignificant once the models control for hospital wages. Employer market power is low in most MSAs. Self-insured employers may consider building purchase alliances with state and local government employee groups to enhance their market power and lower negotiated prices for hospital services.

Profitabilitas dan Efisiensi Usaha Ternak Ayam Broiler di Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat

The key of the Indonesian government as far as the livestock sector is concerned is the expansion of the poultry industry, in particular the broiler industry. Policy maskers see the broiler industry as an important source of animal protein since in comparison with cattle poultry are efficient converters of feed grains into meat. The research area is Tasikmalaya, as is considered to be a potential broiler production area that develops better among regions in the West Java. This study is focused on broiler business pattern, both partnership and autonomous, using the profitability and efficiency to measure the tingkat of comparative advantage. Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM) based on primary data were constructed for the different pattern of production system. Scale of production was also taken into account. The larger were farmers who exerted more than 2000 heads per production cycle. The study find that broiler production in Tasikmalaya is an efficient industry and can exist without any protection. The partnership and the larger farmers enjoy more profit relative to the autonomous and the smaller ones. Tingkats of efficiency and profitability are influenced by production factor prices of feed and DOC as well as broiler. Other finding is that government plant to set 80% imported tariff on chicken leg quarter (broiler part) can not avoid yet to makes the domestic product of broiler less competitive in the domestic market. Key Words: efficiency, profitability, competitive advantage.

Effects of oil booms on the local environment

We analyze the impact of oil and gas booms on local environmental quality in school districts in Texas between 2010 and 2014. Using data from the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) and County Business Patterns, we distinguish economic activity associated with potential and actual polluters. We find that the presence of oil and gas resources in a school district has spillover effects in terms of economic activity by attracting more potentially polluting firms. Oil abundance also generates an actual environmental burden for school districts located in MSAs as the proportion of firms that actually report a release of toxic chemicals to the TRI increases with oil revenue.

The impact of right-to-work legislation on foreign manufacturing employment in the United States

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of right-to-work (RTW) policy on the growth of manufacturing employment in the United States. Of particular theoretical interest is the impact of RTW law intervention on manufacturing employment by foreign investors, compared to changes in the general patterns of manufacturing employment. Using the U.S. Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns data and the Bureau of Economic Analysis’s Foreign Direct Investment in the U.S. data, we compare changes in the number of total and foreign manufacturing jobs in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, West Virginia, and Wisconsin, five states that recently passed RTW legislation, with those in non-RTW regions. Results show that new RTW regions experience more growth in total manufacturing employment than non-RTW regions. In addition, foreign manufacturing employment also grows larger in new RTW regions than in non-RTW regions and to a greater extent than domestic manufacturing employment. We attribute these findings to foreign firms’ efficiency-based goal orientation and their footloose-ness.

Urban Neighborhood Characteristics and the Spatial Distribution of Home and Community-Based Service Organizations in Michigan Metropolitan Statistical Areas.

Living in a neighborhood with dense HCBS organizations can promote older adults' health and well-being and may mitigate health disparities generated by living in materially deprived urban neighborhoods. Using 2016 US County Business Patterns and the American Community Survey (2013-2017), focused on 516 ZIP Codes in Michigan Metropolitan Statistical Areas, this study examines the association between neighborhood characteristics and the relative density of businesses offering services for older adults and persons with disabilities (e.g., senior centers, adult day service centers, personal care) and businesses offering home health care. Results from a series of spatial econometric models show that social care organization density tends to be high in neighborhoods with a greater number of residents who have a bachelor's degree, who are older, and who are in poverty. Home health care density was not explained by neighborhood factors. Multiple neighborhood socio-demographic indicators explain the spatial distribution of social care organizations.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumer Economy: Countermeasures Analysis

The COVID-19 pandemic will change China’s macroeconomic environment in terms of total demand and total supply in the next one to two quarters. The article compares the economic environment at present and that of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) to define the potential influence of the new coronavirus (COVID-19). The potential impact on the macroeconomy includes the slower growth of consumption and investment, fluctuation of prices, and the contraction of export and import. The policy environment will also change in terms of monetary and fiscal policy, which will affect firms’ financing and tax paying. The impact on the consumer economy will be large. First, three modes of the influence on different types of retail industries include moderate, positive, and negative. The epidemic accelerates the revolution of business patterns in China, since the no-man delivery, sinking market, and indoors economy have emerged as the new powers in changing the business models. In general, although the impact of the epidemic on consumption seems comparatively the largest, the “compensatory consumption” can alleviate it to some extent.

To disclose or not to disclose? Fashion brands' strategies for transparency in sustainability reporting

PurposeThe purpose of this quantitative study is to identify disclosure strategies for transparency in sustainability reporting to support strategic thinking around transparency in the fashion industry. This research has two specific research objectives: to capture progress towards greater transparency across sustainability reporting areas, across fashion brands and years, and to identify strategic approaches for transparency in sustainability reporting by revealing common patterns in business disclosure.Design/methodology/approachThe authors cross-sectionally analyzed secondary data using four consecutive Fashion Transparency Indices (2017–2020). Brands' strategies for transparency in sustainability reporting were examined through the stakeholder theory lens.FindingsFindings confirm the presence of four approaches to disclosure: measurable, ambiguous, policy-only and secretive strategy. The disclosure was disproportionally distributed between 30% brands as transparency leaders and 70% brands as transparency laggards. The most transparent brands were not necessarily those rated highest by the index but those whose progress toward transparency was traceable over the years.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has overcome the limitation of the verifiability approach, supporting the requirement for diachronic and strategic disclosure assessments.Practical implicationsAs most brands hesitantly disclose sustainability information, stakeholders cannot know whether business policies equate to more than a corporate wish list. If there is no inspection for mandatory business disclosure, and if there is no penalty for disclosure violations, some fashion retailers will continue to generate profits while operating in an uncompliant and “opaque” manner.Originality/valueThe framing of disclosure strategies for transparency in sustainability reporting is the first scholarly effort to investigate diachronically sustainability disclosure among a big sample of major fashion brands.

Transformative Tourism Breakthrough in Post Pandemic: An Enigma or Eclipse

The development of tourism in Indonesia had entered a critical period, especially during the uncertain COVID-19 pandemic, which affected the tourism industry both economically and socio-culturally. Workers and stakeholders suffered as the multiplier effect of the COVID-19 outbreak. As preparation for dealing with these conditions, the tourism industry strove to adapt with a transformative business model for its sustainability. In this context, the research proposed a transformative business model for the tourism industry so that stakeholders had an adaptive and innovative frame of mind post-pandemic. The model pinpointed on personalization, closed loop, asset sharing, usage-based pricing, collaborative ecosystem, and agility as the key features. This qualitative research used case study that aimed to explore major aspects of an inspirational business model from various industries that have survived over the decades. The results describe applicable business patterns as a contribution to the tourism industry. It is suggested that tourism stakeholders focus more on developing innovative business strategies post-pandemic.

The Economic Effects of Volcanic Alerts-A Case Study of High-Threat U.S. Volcanoes.

A common concern about volcanic unrest is that the communication of information about increasing volcanic alert levels (VALs) to the public could cause serious social and economic impacts even if an eruption does not occur. To test this statement, this study examined housing prices and business patterns from 1974-2016 in volcanic regions with "very-high" threat designations from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)-Long Valley Caldera (LVC), CA (caldera); Mount St. Helens (MSH), Washington (stratovolcano); and Kīlauea, Hawai'i (shield volcano). To compare economic trends in nonvolcanic regions that are economically dependent on tourism, Steamboat Springs, CO, served as a control as it is a ski-tourism community much like Mammoth Lakes in LVC. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) models predicted that housing prices were negatively affected by VALs at LVC from 1982-1983 and 1991-1997. While VALs associated with unrest and eruptions included in this study both had short-term indirect effects on housing prices and business indicators (e.g., number of establishments, employment, and salary), these notifications were not strong predictors of long-term economic trends. Our findings suggest that these indirect effects result from both eruptions with higher level VALs and from unrest involving lower-level VAL notifications that communicate a change in volcanic activity but do not indicate that an eruption is imminent or underway. This provides evidence concerning a systemic issue in disaster resilience. While disaster relief is provided by the U.S. federal government for direct impacts associated with disaster events that result in presidential major disaster declarations, there is limited or no assistance for indirect effects to businesses and homeowners that may follow volcanic unrest with no resulting direct physical losses. The fact that periods of volcanic unrest preceding eruption are often protracted in comparison to precursory periods for other hazardous events (e.g., earthquakes, hurricanes, flooding) makes the issue of indirect effects particularly important in regions susceptible to volcanic activity.

CTH: Communication of Organic Adhocracy Empowerment of MSMEs Large Family

This study aimed to understand the organization and communication process of the Cooperative Trading House (CTH) which encouraged micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to be more involved in communication to enhance business opportunities. This research used an interpretive paradigm with the Grounded Method Theory (GMT) approach. The data were collected through interviews and documentation. Researchers conducted interviews with 17 key informants including the head of the main organization, expert staff, owners of MSMEs, and trainers. Then, the data were analyzed by a quasi-qualitative design. The results showed that CTH was an adhocracy with an organic structure configuration; a small organization with a basic structure, but it seemed considerable with nearly 7 million members of MSMEs. Grounded Theory is a non-profit organization such as CTH which can survive and take a strategic role as the head of a large family sustainably by merging into the members' business; involve expert staff, consultants, entrepreneurs, trainers, mentors, and other professionals in the project team; implement empowerment business communication patterns with a spirit of brotherhood, friendship, cooperation to live and nurture, and strengthen each other for the sake of mutual progress; develop ethics of honesty, mutual trust, mutual interest, and fairness in profit sharing. Research findings are discussed in an organizational and communication context. Keywords: Cooperative Trading House, MSMEs, organizational communication DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/11-2-03 Publication date: March 31 st 2021

Business Patterns Catalogue and Selection Proposal for the Conceptual Model of a Software Product

A pattern is a model that allows reusing a successful solution to the same problem in a different context. A pattern implementation could be the elaboration of an analysis model to incorporate good practices patterns Conceptual Modelling of Electronic Government systems. Defining a new pattern, and selecting a previously existing one from a limited set, called catalogue, are essential activities that every analysis model must solve when using patterns. The present work describes a proposal to manage a Business Patterns catalogue that can be applied to Conceptual Modelling of software products. Business Patterns allow to model and design business processes inside an organization, being it public or private. An application, called &amp;ldquo;PatCat&amp;rdquo; (Pattern Catalogue), was developed to test de proposal, using the Business Model of an Information System for a public education institution as a pilot. The introduction of patterns at the beginning of the Modelling Process allows to simplify and clarify the requirements elicitation, amongst other benefits. Thus, a specific management application for a pattern catalogue is useful to standardize and speed up this software design task.

Association of Cooking Patterns with Inflammatory and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Biomarkers.

Diet has been clearly associated with cardiovascular disease, but few studies focus on the influence of cooking and food preservation methods on health. The aim of this study was to describe cooking and food preservation patterns, as well as to examine their association with inflammatory and cardio-metabolic biomarkers in the Spanish adult population. A cross-sectional study of 10,010 individuals, representative of the Spanish population, aged 18 years or over was performed using data from the ENRICA study. Food consumption data were collected through a face-to-face dietary history. Cooking and food preservation patterns were identified by factor analysis with varimax rotation. Linear regression models adjusted for main confounders were built. Four cooking and food preservation patterns were identified. The Spanish traditional pattern (positively correlated with boiling and sautéing, brining, and light frying) tends to be cardio-metabolically beneficial (with a reduction in C-reactive protein (−7.69%)), except for high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), insulin levels, and anthropometrics. The health-conscious pattern (negatively correlated with battering, frying, and stewing) tends to improve renal function (with a reduction in urine albumin (−9.60%) and the urine albumin/creatinine ratio (−4.82%)). The youth-style pattern (positively correlated with soft drinks and distilled alcoholic drinks and negatively with raw food consumption) tends to be associated with good cardio-metabolic health except, for lower HDL-c (−6.12%), higher insulin (+6.35%), and higher urine albumin (+27.8%) levels. The social business pattern (positively correlated with the consumption of fermented alcoholic drinks, food cured with salt or smoke, and cured cheese) tends to be detrimental for the lipid profile (except HDL-c), renal function (urine albumin +8.04%), diastolic blood pressure (+2.48%), and anthropometrics. Cooking and food preservation patterns showed a relationship with inflammatory and cardio-metabolic health biomarkers. The Spanish traditional pattern and the health-conscious pattern were associated with beneficial effects on health and should be promoted. The youth-style pattern calls attention to some concerns, and the social business pattern was the most detrimental one. These findings support the influence of cooking and preservation patterns on health.

Joint optimization of reliability design and spares inventory for a use-oriented product-service system based on the electric vehicle charging station

With the shift of business pattern from the traditional manufacturer orientation to customer orientation, the product-service system has become more and more popular. This paper takes an electrical vehicle charging station as the research object and builds a joint optimization model of reliability design and spares inventory with the objective of maximizing net profit under the constraints of availability and customer’s loss rate. Particularly, this model considers not only two types of services, namely fast charging and slow charging but also the transfer of customers between different types of service. This new model is more accordant with the practical circumstances by involving a series of elements of the product-service system simultaneously, such as the customer’s arrival, service, replacement maintenance and spares replenishment process. Then, the probabilistic indices related to reliability are derived by applying the continuous time Markov Process. A balance between the number of charging piles and spares inventory policy can be achieved by solving the joint optimization model. The influence of model parameters on these indices and the superiority of the proposed joint optimization model are analyzed in detail by numerical examples. Finally, some critical conclusions are obtained with the intent of promoting the system reliability and profit. Furthermore, this joint optimization model can be extended to more circumstances and provides guidances to solve the reliability optimization problems regarding a similar system.