Lines Of Business Research Articles

COVID-19 and the financial resilience of Finland’s seaports

This research quantifies the impacts that COVID-19 had on the financial performance of Finnish seaports. The data comprises annual financial statement information from 18 seaports. The ports are different in terms of ownership, size, and main lines of business. Most ports’ turnover dropped because of COVID-19, and their profitability declined. However, the ports were able to maintain their financial position quite well despite their declining turnovers. Statistically significant impacts of COVID-19 were observable regarding turnover growth, profitability, labor intensity and capital intensity. Surprisingly, ports with mainly import traffic had the least negative impacts on turnover growth.

Profitability enhancement by digital transformation and canvas digital model on strategic processes in post-Covid-19 in logistics SMEs

The main objective of every Small and Medium Enterprise is to develop the ability to generate profits permanently over time; However, the Covid-19 pandemic significantly affected the global economy, generating an average reduction of 27% in global production and consumption, as well as a reduction in the use of labor, either due to reduced wages or reduction in working hours, which has had an impact on the increase in poverty. It is in this context that SMEs, with the aim of continuing to operate, implemented a strategy to reinvent themselves, which has been based on the greater use of the Internet and digital platforms with the aim of energizing their market or changing their line of business. , will thus develop activities in other areas or new services that did not exist before the moment of this reinvention. In this context, electronic commerce increased in a first stage, promoting the need to develop the so-called ‘last mile’ processes, which is provided most of the time by light logistics companies; However, the lack of agile and rapid implementation methodologies that facilitate the identification and selection of digital technologies appropriate to the processes of SMEs has caused the growth rate of e-commerce sales to decrease, which affects consumption and poverty reduction. Therefore, the objectives of this research are to provide a methodology that allows improving the strategic planning of the organization, adapting the strategy to changes in the environment in an agile and rapid manner, and identifying the resources and actions required that contribute to increasing the productivity through the Digital Canvas Model and Digital Transformation in logistics SMEs in the short term.

Uniform asymptotics for finite-time ruin probabilities of a bidimensional compound risk model with stochastic returns

Consider a continuous-time bidimensional compound risk model with stochastic returns, where an insurance company operates two lines of business at the same time and is allowed to invest its wealth into financial assets. In this model, each accident may cause a random number of heavy-tailed claims and the claim sizes from the same line of business are upper tail asymptotically independent, while the accident arrival processes from different lines of business are arbitrarily dependent. Under some moment conditions on the accident arrival processes, some uniform asymptotic formulae for finite-time ruin probabilities are established.

Militating Challenges in Establishing Small Scale Business in Cross River State

In the quest for Cross River State economic development, there has been a rise in the registrations of various small-scale business ventures. The organizational structure of small-scale businesses in the state is influenced by environmental factors which are political, technological, social, and economic. On this note, this study was geared towards finding out the challenges in establishing small businesses in the state. The purpose was centered on the survival and performance rate of small-scale businesses. It also examined the effect of business information on new entrants into small-scale businesses. The study was limited to only four (4) selected lines of business namely: fish farming, poultry farming, snail farming, and grass cutter farm business. The most important deduction from the study was the desire of the would–be Businessmen to be self-employed. The study also revealed that new applicants started their businesses without any feasibility study or business information

DETERMINAN LOAN AT RISK: MITIGASI DAN PENGELOLAANNYA

The purpose of this study is to analyze and empirically prove the influence of company internal factors / Bank specific (capital and performance) and company external factors / macroeconomics (economic growth and inflation) on Loan at Risk (LAR), including mitigation and management models in state-owned banks. The research period is 2012 – 2021, the sampling technique is saturated sampling, all members of the population are used as samples. The results of the study show that the Loan at Risk of state-owned banks is influenced by performance, economic growth and inflation. Loan at Risk to be properly mitigated and controlled. The handling must be carried out in an integrated and sustainable manner by the business line (RM) and risk line (CRM), starting from current loans to bad loans, and assisted by technology (digitalization) so that the settlement or recovery can be faster and optimal

Analysis of Current State of Alternative Propulsion in a Sector of Passenger Railway Transport

Abstract Green railway transport (RT) is not always a completely green transport solution, as there are still many nonelectrified or partially electrified lines in operation with polluting engine traction. Although electric rail is the most environmentally friendly, electrification of lines is a time-consuming and costly project, especially on less busy lines where electrification would be inefficient and unprofitable. Even though electric railway is the most environmentally friendly solution, electrification of lines is a time-consuming and expensive project, especially on less frequented lines where electrification would be inefficient and unprofitable. Alternative propulsion (AP) in RT is not only a way to reduce the operational emissions of passenger trains, but also to save energy and fuel, save time due to vehicle changes, and reduce the overall carbon footprint from transporting goods and people. The aim of this paper is to examine in detail the current state of development and availability within the AP railway industry, specifically for passenger transport needs, and to transparently present the results in a simple and clear way. In addition, the paper explores the possibility of applying the alternatively powered system to the conditions of the H0 model railway and research with this model.

Transforming through digital asset management: The University of Southern California implementation

Digital asset management (DAM) can be a game changer for an organisation. Over time, it progressively expedites and simplifies work processes, justifying the time and effort of getting it correct the first time. At a large organisation with tens of thousands of employees and multiple lines of business, it is even more critical to give thoughtful consideration to each component of a DAM programme and design for maximum value to ensure the programme remains viable and integral to the organisation over the long term. This case study shows how implementing DAM for the University of Southern California was an ambitious undertaking given the size of the organisation and complex set of challenges that required considered creative solutions. Overcoming these challenges through a comprehensive understanding of users and the overall needs the DAM serves has resulted in a DAM system that adds value. The project also brought about important learnings relevant to future projects and revealed vulnerabilities that could further improve the programme once addressed. As integral as DAM is, it is typically one initiative among many and must maximise resources to integrate with other projects that improve work only when understood as an integrated whole.

Evonik introduces TEGO® Foamex 8880 defoamer emulsion and strikes partnership with LEHVOSS for 3D printing

Evonik announces it is expanding its Coating Additives business line with the TEGO® Foamex product range, which is said to be a new defoamer built on hybrid technology that features bio-based polymer and polyether siloxane.

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF MEERSCHAUM-TYPE SEPIOLITE IN THE PROMOTION OF TÜRKİYE

The main factors in the recognition and promotion of countries, cities and regions can be summarised as economic strength, sports achievements, cultural accumulations, underground resources, and scientific and technological developments. Within the scope of underground resources, meerschaum-type sepiolite continues to be used in the production of ornaments, jewellery and souvenirs, and the display of items made of this type of sepiolite in showcases and museums in areas where other types of sepiolite cannot be used continues to ensure the recognition of the countries and cities where it is produced and processed. The meerschaum-type sepiolite is a magnesium-based clay mineral that has played an important role in the recognition and promotion of our country in the world for centuries. The role and importance it plays in the recognition and promotion of Türkiye is considered to be the work of its attributive properties based on its formation mechanism. Many of these unique features have enabled it to find more and more usage areas, turn into a work of art, and be recognised. This first recognised type of Turk sepiolite is described as an ambassador of culture and peace, as it has served as a bridge between our country and some countries for centuries. The quality of the Turk meerschaum-type sepiolite based on its superior properties, the fact that it has maintained this quality throughout the reserve for a long time, and the very important works created by valuable craftsmen and artisans are another point that plays an important role in the recognition of our country. In addition to training meerschaum masters and artisans when processed, it also creates significant added value. The export of raw meerschaum was banned in 1972 due to its importance in recognising and promoting our country by creating significant added value as well as training meerschaum masters and artisans. Meerschaum-type sepiolite has given birth to both an important business line and a branch of art in Eskişehir. Meerschaum processing workshops, which are intensively visited by local and foreign tourists coming to Eskişehir, and the Meerschaum Museum in Odunpazarı district will accelerate the better explanation and promotion of this important clay and the abandonment of the name “Vienna Stone”.

Understanding the Role of growth Drivers in Agri tech Startup Ecosystem: Experiences and Learning from Indian Cases

"Increased start-up activity is beneficial to agricultural sector in addressing the bottlenecks in agriculture and as well empowering the stakeholders of agri value chain. In India, the start-ups working in the agricultural sector are confronted with two scenarios. One is, they account for only 7.37 % of total startups and the other is, only around 10.05 % are able to progress to scaling stage while more than 50 % are in their early stages of their life-cycle. Thus, the present study aims to understand the key drivers essential for agri start-ups to progress quickly through business life-cycle stages through a multi case study approach. As B2B is emerging as key revenue generating segment of agri tech start-ups, three agri tech start-ups in this segment having similar line of business and with common competition i.e., traditional agricultural markets are considered for the study. The findings indicated that higher education levels, expertise of managerial team and technological innovation are growth drivers through the ideation, validation and early traction stage. Strategic drivers namely vision, market-oriented opportunity switch, networking and market expansion are playing a key role in growth of identified start-ups. The short term and long-term strategic decisions pertaining to these strategic drivers derived out of day-to-day experiences and learning’s are major growth drivers in pushing the start-ups towards growth stage. While business strategies for achieving scalability, gaining investor confidence are vital growth drivers to attain scale-up stage. An improvement in operating revenues and assets derived out of growth factors is reflected in financial progress."

Benefits of remote control on the railway lines

Railway transport in the Czech Republic largely uses transit corridors, which are significantly more used than the rest of the railway network. This assumption leads to an increase in the safety of these lines and gradual double-tracking. All these aspects lead to the fact that the given lines are controlled from dispatching centres, while other lines are controlled from regional dispatch offices. The above parameters also apply to other non-corridor but still busy lines. It can therefore be concluded that this trend of remote control brings significant operational and technological advantages. The most visible benefit is the personnel saving of operational employees, but another significant benefit, which is not so obvious at first glance, is the benefit of a more efficient organization and management of railway transport. This impact brings the effect of smoother traffic, which manifests itself in a lower burden on the environment, thanks to fewer train starts and stops, or there will be no complete stop, but only a reduction in train speed. Furthermore, this influence is evident in the more frequent overtaking of trains not in railway stations, but in inter-station sections. All these advantages lead to an increase in an important operational indicator, which is the throughput of the track.

Modeling underwriting risk: A copula regression analysis on U.S. property-casualty insurance byline loss ratios

This article evaluates underwriting risks for U.S. property-casualty insurance company using a by-line multivariate framework. We propose a regression system with copula structure to estimate the dynamics and dependences of by-line loss ratio changes. The dynamics are characterized by autoregressive, macroeconomic, and line-specific variables. The dependences are characterized by symmetric, asymmetric, and vine copulas to manifest the contemporaneous risk. Both positive and negative dependence of loss ratio changes are found, and the lines of business contribute distinct diversification effects from the Risk-based Capital (RBC) R5 formula suggested. Based on empirical studies of industry-wide data, we confirm that the choice of copula structure and marginal estimation method affects the model's performance in the stress testing of catastrophic events. The proposed approach can be regarded as an internal model calculating the diversification benefits across business lines, based on a statistical hypothesis in contrast to a regulatory base. These findings help insurers and regulators to evaluate their capital requirements more precisely and reduce liability-side risk.

ANALISIS STRATEGI BAURAN PEMASARAN DALAM KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PADA KATERING ERINA BEKASI

The increasingly fierce business competition requires a marketing strategy that can support its business growth. To be successful, a company must outperform its competitors in satisfying customers. Therefore, the marketing strategy must be adapted to the needs of consumers and the strategic needs of competitors. Designing a competitive marketing strategy begins with an analysis of competitors. Likewise, marketing requires a strategy, especially in a competitive business world, so strategy is very important, which is then referred to as a marketing strategy. One line of business that is currently booming in the community is the catering business. Catering is a general term for businesses that serve orders for various fast food and drinks for party needs or the needs of an institution on a small or large scale. The catering business is usually a family business that is passed down from one family member to another to maintain the viability of the business. For a long time, businesses in the food sector have always been at the top of the list in meeting the needs of human life, because food is a primary human need. Because of this, people cannot let go of their need to eat to sustain life. In this study, researchers used a qualitative descriptive approach, namely finding facts with the right interpretation, studying problems in society, as well as certain situations including relationships, activities activities, attitudes, as well as ongoing processes and the influence of a phenomenon. Based on the research that has been done, it can be seen that the efforts made by Erina Catering in maintaining sales turnover include, among others, product, price, place, and promotion. There are several types of products offered by Erina Catering itself. Erina Catering should add various other menus so consumers don't get bored when ordering Erina Catering. Erina's catering needs to add wider promotional media with the products offered so that more consumers come.

Social Entrepreneurship Model Counseling on Sharia Cooperatives Managers and Members

Mungsolkanas Mosque is one of the mosques that has a Sharia cooperative that operates as a community empowerment unit. However, the resulting empowerment cooperatives are not optimal. It is indicated that this mosque is still finding it difficult to optimize its empowerment effort to improve society’s quality of life. This community service activity is intended to provide solutions needed by cooperative managers and managers so that the resulting empowerment benefits are more optimal. It is also expected that through this activity, the empowerment effort can be further enhanced by actively involving the society in economic activity development. The method used in this community service activity is knowledge improvement through FGD. After conducting preliminary research, we discovered that the less optimal output of empowerment is caused by: (a) a lack of knowledge of managers about the activities of the entrepreneurial concept; and (b) the difficulty of cooperative managers in identifying the potential of the community in order to determine the type of entrepreneurial activity to be developed. After this activity, we concluded that there is a significant knowledge improvement from the participants, by increased knowledge on how to determine the most suitable business line to enhance the cooperative’s contribution on sovereignty improvement in society.
 Keywords: social entrepreneurship, mosque cooperatives, society empowerment

Performance of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Aligarh District of Uttar Pradesh

The primary goal of this study was to examine the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in the Aligarh district of Uttar Pradesh. The study examined numerous issues that MSMEs in the area were facing as well as their performance. This article is based on primary data that were gathered by a structured questionnaire and a Google survey, respectively, both of which were conducted offline and online. The research has shown the sample MSMEs owners’ and managers’ socioeconomic and demographic profiles. The average value of production, average sales, net profit, the value of raw materials consumed, amount of working capital, various sources of finance for MSMEs in the Aligarh district such as the value of fixed assets, amount of owned funds, and amount of borrowed funds have all been broken down component by component to highlight the performance of MSMEs. The article also covers the many issues that MSMEs in the research area confront. The chi-square test has been used to examine the relationship between an enterprise’s line of business and the aforementioned factors.

Rank-Based Multivariate Sarmanov for Modeling Dependence between Loss Reserves

The interdependence between multiple lines of business has an important impact on determining loss reserves and risk capital, which are crucial for the solvency of a property and casualty (P&C) insurance company. In this work, we introduce the two-stage inference method using the Sarmanov family of multivariate distributions to the actuarial literature. In fact, we study rank-based methods using the Sarmanov distribution to adequately estimate the loss reserves and properly capture the dependence between lines of business. An inadequate choice of the dependence structure may negatively impact the estimation of the marginals and, hence, the reserve. Thus, we propose a two-stage inference strategy in this research to address this, while taking advantage of the flexibility of the Sarmanov distribution. We show that this strategy leads to a more robust estimation, and better captures the dependence between the risks. We also show that it generates smaller risk capital and a better diversification benefit. We extend the model to the multivariate case with more than two lines of business. To illustrate and validate our methods, we use three different sets of real data from both a major US property–casualty insurer and a large Canadian insurance company.

Diversification as an adaptive learning process: an empirical study of general-purpose and market-specific technological know-how in new market entry

Abstract An enduring trait of modern corporations is their propensity to diversify into multiple lines of business. Penrosian theories conceptualize diversification as a strategy to exploit a firm’s fungible, yet “untradeable,” resources and point to the redeployment of technological know-how as an important driver thereof. However, less understood are the characteristics of technological assets that underlie firms’ diversification decisions and the impact that diversification has on firms’ subsequent development of technologies. In this paper, we expand the existing theories in two ways. First, we argue that central to understanding firms’ diversification decisions is a distinction between their technological assets that are applicable to many markets and ones that are useful in only a limited number of contexts. To this end, we develop a novel way to characterize technologies along a continuum from highly general-purpose to highly market-specific. Second, we explore empirically the idea that diversification is an adaptive learning process involving both the exploitation of existing capabilities and the creation of novel ones. Using data on three decades of patenting and diversification histories of 28,376 firms, we find that (i) a firm’s possession of general-purpose technological assets is positively associated with its decision to diversify and (II) firms that enter a new industry through diversification develop technologies that are specialized to the target industry. Our findings have implications for understanding firm growth, diversification, and evolution.

Impact of Digital Literacy on Cyberloafing and Compulsive Social Media Use Post-Kahramanmaraş Earthquake

In recent years, mass disasters have begun to occur in the world and the business world has been greatly affected by these disasters. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic period, many processes have shifted to digitalization and people have increased their technology usage levels. It can be said that a similar situation was experienced in the Kahramanmaraş earthquake. From this point of view, within the scope of the research, the effects of digital literacy on cyberloafing and compulsory social media use were tried to be examined. The research was carried out with 244 participants aged between 18-30 working in any business line, in a quantitative research design. The data were collected using the questionnaire technique. The obtained data were subjected to descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, reliability analysis and simple regression analysis. According to the research findings, the digital literacy scale and its sub-dimensions are in a moderately and highly significant positive relationship with the cyberloafing scale and its sub-dimensions. However, the scale of compulsive social media use has a low level of positive and significant relationship with the scale of digital literacy and cyberloafing. According to the results of the regression analysis, it was determined that digital literacy has a statistically significant and positive effect on cyberloafing. In addition, it has been determined that digital literacy has a statistically significant and positive effect on compulsive social media use.

Does the use of Digital Marketing Communication Strategy Effectively Affect Conversions? (Case Study on DatascripMall.ID)

The development of technology, it then has a significant impact on aspects of human life and also business development. In this case, there are many methods that can be used as a method of using digital marketing strategies for companies. In this study, a cash study was taken on DatascripMall.id whose line of business is in the technology sector. The research method used this time is a quantitative research method with data collection techniques using primary and secondary methods. The results obtained in this study is that there is a significant influence between each variable on the company related to efforts to increase company profits.

Generating brand awareness and customer relations with the most suitable marketing strategy and tools in Andika broker

The development of competition in businesses nowadays is more than just competition within the quality of their products or services. The competition starts from how they promote their names and brands through social media to increase market awareness towards the brand through several types of strategy. Nevertheless, the promotion methods in a business-to-business company are quite different compared to a business-to-consumer company. The study focuses on determining the most suitable marketing strategy to increase brand awareness and generate customer loyalty in a B2B company. In this case, it will be conducted in Andika Broker, which operates in the insurance line of business. Data were collected from 70 representatives of 14 corporate clients of Andika Broker around Jakarta through in-depth interviews with the person in charge, observation during the operation, and online surveys to the target respondents. The findings indicate that even in a business-to-business market, it is essential to increase brand awareness outside the HR Division and maintain relationships with the person in charge through a well-organized customer loyalty program. Understanding the appropriate marketing strategy and tools needed in a business-to-business market is of great value for academia and the industry.