Industrial Business Research Articles

Тенденції розвитку ІТ-сектора в Україні

The aim of the article is to analyze the current trends in the IT industry in Ukraine, identify the key problems of the sector caused by russia’s military aggression, and identify areas of activation that will contribute to the development and adaptation of the sector to the challenges of the external environment. The information technology market is one of the driving forces of all sectors of the national economy, the State and regional administration, science and education, etc. In the context of globalization and the European integration of Ukraine, it should be borne in mind that the domestic IT sector is one of the most promising sectors of the economy. Mobility and quick adaptability to challenges allows the IT industry to be an important pillar of Ukraine during the wartime and will help in the period of post-war recovery. The article analyzes the trends in the development of the IT sector for 2018–2023, it was noted that the crisis shocks associated with the coronavirus pandemic, which significantly affected the business of many industries, did not harm the activities of companies in the IT sector. However, russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022 affected the positive dynamics of IT companies’ performance indicators and slowed down the growth rate of the IT sector. The article analyzes the factors that cause the slowdown in the development of the IT industry. In particular, the influence of both factors that have a global context and internal factors caused by the destructive pressure of war is considered. The article also specifies the tendency to reduce the number of specialists in domestic IT companies and considers its main causes. The areas that need to be activated in order for the IT industry to remain resilient, adapting to the challenges of the external environment, and continuing its development are allocated. The preserved positive dynamics of the performance of IT companies in the face of the full-scale invasion, the high level and demand for our IT specialists in the foreign and domestic markets indicate the accumulated significant potential and the ability of the IT sector to adapt quickly. The directions of activation proposed in the article will contribute to the further development of the IT sector.

Local Guitar Position Mapping Based on Consumer Preferences and Perceptions Using Multidimensional Scaling

The potential of the acoustic guitar market in Indonesia has attracted the interest of local businesses in the home industry to create and promote their own acoustic guitar brands within the country. To ensure the appeal of their guitar products to consumers, these businesses must carefully consider product attributes that align with consumer tastes and needs. Conducting a thorough analysis of competitors is also crucial, helping identify strengths and weaknesses to develop effective marketing strategies. Local brands such as Genta, Grande, Stranough, and Avirama have established positive brand images among Indonesian consumers. Recognizing the impact of a strong brand image on consumer loyalty, it is advisable for home industry entrepreneurs to differentiate their acoustic guitars from existing local brands. This research aims to identify the specific attributes that resonate with the tastes and needs of domestic consumers and to position Genta, Grande, Stranough, and Avirama brand acoustic guitars as a reference for designing marketing strategies. The study utilizes the 4P marketing mix approach to identify consumer preferences, collecting data through a questionnaire and applying the Multidimensional Scaling method for analysis. The results highlight that sound quality, price-to-quality ratio, material quality, warranty, ease of purchase, price flexibility, discounts, and completeness of features are crucial factors influencing consumers’ choices in acoustic guitars. Genta excels in price-to-quality ratio, material quality, ease of purchase, price flexibility, and completeness of features. Grande stands out for sound quality and discounts, while Avirama leads in warranty offerings. Stranough shares a similar market segment with Genta due to comparable consumer perceptions, Grande and Avirama occupy distinct segments. This comprehensive understanding of consumer preferences and brand positioning can guide home industry businesses in formulating effective marketing strategies for their acoustic guitar products.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ИНИЦИАТИВЫ ПО ПОМОЩИ МАЛОМУ БИЗНЕСУ: ОПЫТ РОССИИ

The article is devoted to the analysis of government initiatives to support small businesses in Russia. The work examines key programs and measures implemented at the federal and regional levels aimed at stimulating development and supporting entrepreneurial activity. The focus is on analyzing the effectiveness of these initiatives, their impact on economic development and the sustainability of small businesses in various industries.

The Definition of Smart Economy and Digital Transformation of Business in the Concepts Industry 4.0 and 5.0

The Definition of Smart Economy and Digital Transformation of Business in the Concepts Industry 4.0 and 5.0

Объекты семейного досуга как драйвер развития города

The study examines the issue of developing family leisure facilities within the context of urban space management. The relevance of this problem lies in research indicating that families engaged in family leisure activities tend to be stronger, psychologically healthier, and more inclined towards traditional values, which is crucial for overcoming negative demographic trends. The digital era has significantly altered the functions of the family institution, increasing atomization within families due to the development of entertainment technologies and reduced necessity for joint activities compared to earlier times. Therefore, enhancing the role of the family in society is possible only through family institution development, which is unattainable without shared leisure time, i.e., family leisure activities. The study categorizes family leisure facilities by types and basic categories such as physical and spiritual activities, and examines the decision-making process within families regarding shared leisure activities. This process identifies opportunities for state support of decisions favoring family leisure activities and presents a range of measures to enhance the popularity of such activities. In the context of urban development management, the study explores expanding support measures for starting business in the family leisure industry. One of the most effective measures could involve methodological support across various categories of family leisure facilities, significantly lowering entry barriers in this industry. The article also discusses demographic, social, economic and healthcare benefits for municipal authorities related to developing family leisure facilities within their territories. Popularizing family leisure activities acts as a driver for improving urban spaces and enhancing the quality of life for the population.

Present and Future Trends of Electric Vehicles in India

The electric vehicles market in India is making significant progress in terms of environmental sustainability. Various new car companies are revolutionizing the industry by introducing innovative models. The interest in electric vehicles is rapidly growing, and with the introduction of new pricing models, the market is expected to expand even further. Recognizing this shift, existing car manufacturers are striving to unveil new hybrid or electric vehicle models. Developed countries such as the UK and France have already announced plans to ban the sale of diesel and petrol cars by 2040. Experts predict that Europe will witness a complete transition to electric vehicles five years prior to the deadline. This transformation has led to increased commitments and competition among leading car manufacturers and businesses in the automotive industry. Norway, for instance, is experiencing remarkable progress in the electric vehicles market, with nearly 30% of new car sales in December 2017 being electric battery-powered vehicles. Energy experts anticipate that China and India will drive the demand for electric vehicles, as these countries prioritize the development of low-carbon emission transportation solutions. In response to the growing industry, many companies are planning to introduce electric vehicle charging points to support the increasing demand for electric vehicles.

FRAND Arbitration Will Destroy FRAND

Standard essential patent-licensing disputes have been raising the costs of business in the telecommunications industry for over a decade. As technology and interconnectivity extend beyond mobile phones into the Internet of Things (“IoT”), the number of these disputes will only increase. While many academics, policymakers, and stakeholders support arbitration to resolve these disputes, this article warns of the potential long-term consequences of doing so on a large scale. Standard Setting Organizations usually require the owners of patented technology included in industry standards to commit to licensing on Fair, Reasonable, and Non-discriminatory (“FRAND”) terms to avoid potential abuse of their market power. Standards are global and patents are national, however; disputes between owners and implementers over FRAND rates have led to complicated jurisdictional problems. Some national courts have even set global FRAND licensing rates, leading to cross-border anti-suit, and even anti-anti-suit, injunctions. International commercial arbitration of FRAND disputes may appear to be an efficient solution to the jurisdictional dilemma, but it would also reduce transparency, lead to increasingly inaccurate calculations of FRAND rates over time, cause information imbalances between the parties, create new conflict of laws problems, lead to underenforcement of national antitrust laws, and harm the integrity of the broader patent system. Without significant change from current international commercial arbitration norms and practice, widespread FRAND arbitration would nullify the very purpose for which the FRAND commitment was created—thus, FRAND arbitration will destroy FRAND.

The effect of the comprehensive quality management strategies on environmentally responsible activities and the performance of the organizations

The objective of this research is to investigate the impact of Total Quality Management (TQM) principles on the effectiveness of sustainable practices, as well as the effects of these practices on the entire performance of firms that operate within this industry. The study will look at how these practices have become more efficient. It is still necessary to conduct additional research to fill the information gap concerning the effect of TQM approaches on sustainable practices and overall organizational performance in the Jordan Tourism sector. The study will place a particular emphasis on the significance of TQM methodologies and sustainable practices in enhancing organizational dynamics and competitiveness. The research chose the following TQM practices: supplier partnership, leadership commitment, quality management system, and teamwork and collaboration to measure their impacts on building sustainable practices and improving organizational performance through distributed 221 research questionnaires and retrieved 187 valid data. The Jordanian tourism industry will serve as the setting for an examination into the relationship between TQM methodologies, sustainable practices, and organizational outcomes. The analysis will be carried out through the utilization of a case study technique in the Jordan tourism board which is considered the largest tourism institution in Jordan's tourism sector. The research endeavors to provide significant insights into the effectiveness of TQM implementation and provides information concerning the impact that TQM has on sustainable practices and the overall performance of organizations. The findings of the research are intended to provide practical consequences for businesses that cater to tourists in Jordan in the goal of achieving a sustained competitive advantage and improving overall performance. The significance of adopting TQM principles into sustainable operations will be brought into crystal clearer focus. Businesses in the tourist industry can intentionally implement and make use of TQM techniques to improve their sustainable practices, improve the quality of their services, and ultimately boost their competitiveness in the market and increase their chances of success. This research aims to present empirical data on the impact of TQM approaches on sustainable practices and overall organizational performance in the Jordanian tourism industry.

ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА В БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССЫ

The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has ushered in a new era of transformation in various sectors of modern business. This article examines the growing integration of artificial intelligence into various organizational processes and its profound impact on business in various industries. Enterprises are increasingly recognizing the potential of AI to improve operational efficiency, streamline decision-making processes and open new avenues for innovation. This integration covers a broad spectrum that includes data analytics, automation, machine learning and natural language processing. AI is being used to streamline routine tasks, enhance customer service, and create competitive advantage. This article examines the real-world applications of AI in key areas such as marketing, customer service and supply chain management, and sheds light on how companies are using AI to make meaningful improvements and stay ahead in an increasingly dynamic marketplace.

Embracing Digital Transformation for Sustainable Business in the Construction Industry

Embracing Digital Transformation for Sustainable Business in the Construction Industry

PREDIKSI KEPUASAN PELANGGAN HOTEL: STUDI PERBANDINGAN ALGORITMA DECISION TREE DAN KNEAREST NEIGHBOR

Customer satisfaction has become an important aspect for every business in today's competitive market. Understanding customer needs, wants, and expectations is critical for a business to provide outstanding customer service and retain customers. Therefore, this research represents a comparative study between two machine learning algorithms, Decision Tree and K-Nearest Neighbor, to predict hotel customer satisfaction. This study aims to identify which algorithm is more effective in predicting customer satisfaction by evaluating their performance using various metrics. The methodology used includes data preprocessing, feature selection, and machine learning model creation. The results show that the Decision Tree algorithm is superior to the K-Nearest Neighbor in terms of accuracy and precision. The findings from this study provide insights for businesses in the hospitality industry on how to predict customer satisfaction and improve their services.

State Estimation and Detectability of Networked Discrete Event Systems With Multi-Channel Communication Networks

In this paper, we extend existing results on detectability of Discrete Event Systems (DES) to Networked Discrete Event Systems (NDES), a class of DES whose communication between the plant and the agent (supervisor, diagnoser, prognoser, etc) is carried out through a network that can have several channels. We assume that each channel is subject to different communication delays, which may cause changes in the order of the event observations with respect to their actual occurrences in the system automaton, and also that event transmission may be lost in the communication channels causing loss of observations. We follow a previously presented approach to construct an equivalent nondeterministic untimed automaton, and, based on this model, we present a method for the state estimation of NDES. We extend existing D-detectability definitions of DES to NDES subject to delays and loss of observation, referred here to as strong networked D-detectability, weak networked D-detectability, strong periodic networked D-detectability, weak periodic networked D-detectability. Finally, necessary and sufficient conditions for the networked D-detectability notions proposed here are proposed and algorithms for their verification are developed. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Note to Practitioners</i> —State estimation is an important problem that appear in several practical applications, e.g. industrial systems, aircraft control and business management. Of current interest is the problem of distinguishing in real time if the system is not in pairs of states, the so-called D-detectability. In practical terms, it is not necessary to actually know the current state of the system but if the system may not be in two or more conflicting states. With the use of communication networks, additional features such as communication delay must also be taken into account in the process of performing D-detectability. In this paper we consider discrete event systems, a class of systems used to model a wide class of practical engineering problems whose dynamic evolution is driven by event occurrences, that are embedded in a communication network; we will refer to these systems as networked discrete event systems. In this regard, we generalize existing notions of D-detectability, and we call them networked D-detectability. Algorithms for networked D-detectability verification and a method to perform online state estimation are given in the paper.

Business models for enhanced solar photovoltaic (PV) adoption: Transforming customer interaction and engagement practices

Solar energy can play an important role in meeting global energy needs in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. However, despite solar energy’s accelerated growth in recent years, its level of diffusion is highly uneven when looked at on a global scale. The solar photovoltaic (PV) companies involved in the sales of PV systems are central to fostering diffusion. A company’s ability to devise and deliver value offerings that match customers’ needs is vital in encouraging the adoption of solar PV technology. The extent to which a company can address market needs and deliver value often depends on the business model it has adopted. The extant research has explored business models based on ownership structures, financing options, the effect of regulatory regimes and policies, industry practices, alliances, and business models for distributed generation and large-scale utility companies. However, the research to date, has mostly neglected the business models of solar companies involved in the sales and installation of solar PV. This qualitative study based on twenty semi-structured interviews contributes to the existing knowledge by exploring how sales and installation companies can enhance solar photovoltaic adoption by transforming customer interactions and engagement practices, which is a key element of a company’s business model. Companies’ ability to communicate value offerings and address consumer concerns is important in enhancing diffusion. The study highlights that transforming customer interaction and engagement practices can help companies broaden customer reach, improve the dissemination of information, reduce transaction costs and efficiently utilise market insights and trends.

РЕЛОКАЦИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛА: НОВЫЕ ВЫЗОВЫ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ

Solving the problems of industrial production growth, business scaling, and promotion of new technologies to the regions is impossible without staffing enterprises with qualified workers. At the same time, in the conditions of the modern labor market, it is staffing that becomes one of the main risks in achieving the assigned tasks. One of the ways for enterprises in adapting to the conditions of the modern labor market is personnel relocation. That is why in recent years the issue of the labor mobility and personnel relocation has become the subject of both theoretical and empirical research. Drawing on the analysis and synthesis of statistical data, research results of specialized research institutes, consulting companies, expert opinions, and the experience of Russian companies in the research topic, the authors formulated the concept and characterized the content of the term “personnel relocation”, identified the main factors influencing employee decision-making about relocationю They also shown the main challenges for employers when developing personnel relocation programs and the ways to solve them are shown.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СЛОЖНОСТИ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ В ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯХ

Disruptive technologies will bring about revolutionary changes in the energy sector. Energy is linked to national security, overall economic development, and the lives and well-being of people. The rapid development of energy science and technology affects all aspects of human society, and disruptive energy technologies (disruptive technologies), born from the cross-integration of many fields and disciplines, play a particularly prominent role. They have enormous economic potential and have a profound impact on future industrial development, business models and types of work, as well as lifestyles and even national competitiveness.

ІNFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR MODELING LAND PRICES UNDER THE URBANIZATION PROCESS

The dynamic shifts associated with urban growth or decline significantly influence both municipal and national economic policies. Urban expansion often necessitates substantial land resources allocation, whereas in regions with limited land availability or geographical restrictions, a innovative approach to urban planning is mandated. Key land value factors have been determined and classified. Each direct and indirect land prices key economic impact factor had been summarized and used to build information system model. Among these factors financial and economic data combined with geo-spatial information are considered the main input data sources for the digital information systems solution. An eight steps algorithm was constructed to enable information system output for economical assessment of land plot objects. The presented equations for economical assessment of a single land plot object can be used to calculate important parameters for the information system. Going one step further, a pyramid-shaped diagram denotes four stages of general economical valuation for prospective land object in context of investment opportunities. The price of each individual land slot can be efficiently calculated using an information system that relies upon pre-processed data, price impact factors and general land slot information. The findings underscore the necessity for adopting a more comprehensive approach towards the modeling of land prices in urbanized territories. This approach should adequately reflect the current delineation of urban and suburban boundaries, incorporate data pertinent to urban zones, and consider the spatial distribution of most significant industrial sites and business districts within larger urban zone (metropolitan region).

Preface

The International Conference on Frontier Materials (ICFM) is initiated and sponsored by International Union of Materials Research Societies (IUMRS) and Advanced Materials Alliance of CAST Members Societies (AMAC), and is co-organized by AMAC and Shanghai University. ICFM is intended to provide an open and exciting forum for researchers and students from materials science and interdisciplinary fields worldwide to present their new and exciting scientific discoveries and innovations in advanced materials. The conference is also designed to offer an international platform for researchers from industrial labs, academic institutes and business to discuss technology development and transfer as well as potential impact of frontier materials on commercial products and industrial applications.The first conference (ICMF2022) was held in May, 2022, by the hybridized approach of accepting both on-site participation and on-line presentation. The second one (ICFM2023) was held in Qingdao International Convention and Exhibition Center (Laoshan), Qingdao, China, Oct. 13-17.The ICMF2023 had 31 symposia which were grouped into seven topical clusters of Energy and Environmental Materials, Advanced Information Materials, Advanced Bio and Bio-Inspired Materials, Advanced Structural Materials, Advanced Functional Materials, Low-Dimensional Materials, and Design, Preparation and Evaluation for Materials. There were nearly 2000 participants attending ICFM2023, and more than 800 scientists and graduate students presented lectures at the parallel sessions of 31 symposia.Eight plenary lectures were presented by world-renowned materials scientists from Asia, Europe, North America and South America. Four specific forums as well as Exhibition on Analysis and Testing Equipment for Materials were held simultaneously. During the conference, the awards of IUMRS-FMA (Frontier Materials Awards) to scientists and students who have made outstanding contribution in the field of Frontier Materials was issued.The Conference papers have been published on four materials related journals and conference proceedings. This conference volume comprises of selected papers mainly in the field of advanced high-temperature structure materials and materials characterization as well as eco-materials.I would like to express my appreciation to the paper referees of Profs. Yongwang Kang, Jiangbo Sha, Jinxia Song, Wenlong Xiao, Xinqing Zhao and Chungen Zhou. Thanks also go to Mrs. Xiaomei Ma for the work of papers’ duplicate checking. And the special appreciation should be given to Mrs. Flora Han and Mr. Jianyun Lin for their miscellaneous work to correct the information about the papers as well as communicate with the authors.Prof. Yafang HanChair of academic Committee of ICFM2023Guest Editor of IOP ICFM2023 ProceedingsList of Organizing Committee is available in this pdf.

The effect of cloud computing on the quality of financial statements: The mediating role of internal control system

The study aimed to evaluate how cloud technology implementation would affect Jordanian industrial businesses' financial statements' integrity across a range of variables (financial condition, income, cash flow, owners' equity). The investigation involved employees from financial and internal audit departments, including various job titles. A random sample of 150 questionnaires was distributed among the study population, with a 96% response rate (145 retrieved). Respondents were scored using a Likert five-point scale on the 44-paragraph questionnaire. To accomplish its goals, the study used a descriptive-analytical methodology and statistical techniques such as path analysis (using AMOS) and simple linear regression analysis (using SPSS). According to the study, the implementation of cloud accounting has a statistically significant effect on the quality of financial statements by Dimension (statement of financial position, income statement, statement of cash flows, and list of equity), according to the study. Applying cloud accounting has a statistically significant effect on the internal control system, and the internal control system has a statistically significant impact on the accuracy of financial statements. Furthermore, cloud accounting has a statistically significant impact on the quality of financial statements in Jordanian industrial companies through the internal control system as an intermediate variable. The study made several recommendations in light of the earlier findings, the most significant of which are: determining the internal control system's current state both before and after cloud accounting was implemented; creating and executing a robust internal control system compliant with international accounting standards; and assessing the suitability of cloud accounting solutions through thorough evaluations. The report also emphasized how crucial it is to set up ongoing audit and internal control systems to evaluate how well the internal control and cloud accounting systems are working together.

The impact of firm characteristics on dividends in Jordan: Institutional ownership as moderating variable

The objective of this research was to look at how firm attributes like age, size, as well as profitability affected the number of dividends paid. It also looked at how institutional ownership affected the connection between all these corporate characteristics as well as dividend payments as a moderating factor. A sample of forty publicly traded industrial businesses that were listed between 2016 and 2020 on the stock exchange in Amman were included in the research. The research analyzed the variables utilizing acceptable descriptive statistical techniques and used a model of multiple regression to test its predictions. The study's conclusions demonstrated that a company's size, years of existence, and income all positively affect dividend payments. Additionally, it found that corporate ownership had a strong correlation with dividend influence, as did both firm size as well as profitability. On the other hand, it discovered a negative correlation between the age of the firm as well as institutional ownership in terms of dividend effect. The research concludes with a proposal that Jordanian industrial enterprises should take size, years of operation, and profitability into account when determining how much dividend to pay out, acknowledging their important roles as well as effects on dividend distribution.

The Link Between ESG Performance and Earnings Quality

The field of study pertaining to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) concerns has gained significant interest in recent years, primarily driven by increasing worldwide concern about climate change and environmental challenges. Prior research has examined corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental, social, and governance (ESG) initiatives as actions that may be susceptible to opportunistic conduct by managers, which may be observed via earnings management. This research aims to investigate different perspectives of earnings quality (EQ) by examining the determinants of EQ described as inherent operating environment and risk of the industry business process (innate factors of EQ) and management reporting decision (manager’s discretion of EQ). Separating the components of EQ determinants individually is considered an advantage by the previous researcher. Using fixed effect panel data, this study demonstrates that ESG performance is positively associated with discretionary accruals and negatively related to innate earnings quality. This phenomenon might perhaps be attributed to the challenges posed by the sector, characterized by rapid digital transformation and unexpected digital development in the markets. This observation suggests that over time, the utilization of symbolic ESG business practices, which are susceptible to greenwashing, would have a detrimental effect on the fundamental earnings quality influenced by the operational context and the risk of uncertainty associated with the organization.