Friendly Business Research Articles

Green Economy For Green Victimology: Preventing Environmental Crime And Protecting Victims Through Sustainable Economic Policies

Green Economy and Green Victimology are two interrelated concepts in the context of environmental protection and social justice. This study explores how applying Green Economy principles can help prevent environmental crimes and protect victims through sustainable economic policies. The methods used are literature analysis, case studies, and interviews with experts in the fields of Green Economy and Green Victimology. The research results show that applying Green Economy principles, such as the efficient use of resources, renewable energy, environmentally friendly policies, and green investment, can reduce the number of environmental crimes and their impact on humans and ecosystems. Also, Green economy policies can create incentives for companies to adopt environmentally friendly business practices, thereby reducing the risk of environmental crimes and protecting the victims who may be affected.

GENERATING GREEN ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDE

In line with the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs), environmentally friendly business is a new challenge in carrying out entrepreneurial activities. Research on the relationship between environmental attitudes and the formation of student intentions in green entrepreneurship is necessary. Entrepreneurship students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Tarumanagara, were involved as respondents (n = 280) using a convenience sampling technique. The purpose of this study was to determine students' intentions in green entrepreneurship activities by considering environmental attitude variables proxied through the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) in the preparation of instruments. The results of the validity test showed that only 10 indicators could be maintained as a measure of environmental attitudes with a Cronbach’s Alpha of 0.892 and a composite reliability of 0.911 so that both were in the satisfactory category. The results of structural regression testing show a significant effect of environmental attitudes on green entrepreneurship intentions at a significance level of 5 percent. R-square of 24.60 percent indicates the large contribution of environmental attitudes to this intention. The mechanism of the relationship between attitudes and intentions is in accordance with the theory of planned behavior while the transformation in the aspect of environmental sustainability is in line with the triple bottom line theory. Based on these results, it can be adapted to an educational approach or involving stakeholders in an entrepreneurship learning approach as a support for achieving Indonesia's SDGs in 2030.

GREEN PRODUCT: EFFORTS TO MAINTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY AND MSME PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT THROUGH GREEN MARKETING IN PENJARINGAN DISTRICT, NORTH JAKARTA

Environmentally friendly business activities can be carried out by implementing environmentally friendly products (green products). Modern society tends to choose environmentally friendly products in its consumption activities. So that green products experience rapid development and gain the trust of consumers. Because of the rapid development of green products, business actors if they do not want to lose in their business competition, this condition must be used to start innovating products by making environmentally friendly products (green products), including business units classified as MSMEs.
 MSME players want to market products online, but based on surveys and discussions with community groups and owners of several MSMEs, they are constrained by product packaging that is less attractive so they are unable to compete on online selling platforms. Proper packaging can improve the marketing process, because it not only attracts consumers but also has a good impact on the environment by reducing plastic packaging waste which is the latest trend of marketing. By paying attention to the main problems of partners and environmental issues, the application of green products, namely green marketing to MSMEs, is an alternative solution to overcome these problems. This community service activity has contributed in terms of knowledge about green marketing, to improve the marketing process. From this community service program, SMEs in Penjaringan District, North Jakarta, can compete on online selling platforms with attractive and environmentally friendly packaging. So that problems can be resolved through the use of sustainable packaging, green marketing, and digital marketing trends

Green Banking: The Trend of Maintaining Sustainability of Environmental Business

Various countries are currently facing the degradation of energy resources, natural resources, and environmental pollution. As the party providing financing, banks must participate in reducing environmental damage. Based on interviews conducted with 30 customers who use financing services in banking, the results show that: financing obtained from banks is used for business capital financing, which includes businesses: food stalls, catering, grocery stores, workshops, and expedition services. Based on the interview results, the fact that these businesses have not implemented the concept of an environmentally friendly business is also obtained. This type of research is qualitative research. The data sources for this study were 32 BSI customers in the Central Java region. The findings indicated that 32 respondents of BSI in the Central Java Area are already familiar with green banking. However, when it comes to e-banking, only 37.5% of respondents were aware of green banking. Up to 56.25% of customers realize the need to recycle waste and manage the waste generated by their products. In short, most of BSI's customers in the Central Java region have not implemented the green banking concept in their business. This study's practical implications imply that customers' preferences for using the money they are given to fund environmentally friendly firms may exist. Concerning its theoretical implications, this study aims to improve the theory of green banking and how it relates to the sustainability of businesses. Originality/Value: This research primarily focuses on customer perceptions of the implementation of green banking. However, no research focuses on customer business activities that apply green banking principles, especially MSMEs. At the same time, the customer's business activities are the responsibility of both the business actor and the financier (Bank).

Accelerative Capacity of Keyresources Industry 4.0 in Metropolitan Culinary Micro-Small Sector and Green Business Sustainability Impact

Indonesia’s MSME sector is torn between economic growth and environmental damage. Industrial Revolution 4.0 encourages MSMEs, including in the culinary sector, to integrate business and social values with the principle of circularity. This study analyzes the influence of Industry 4.0 key resources on Culinary MSMEs in Jakarta on the circular economy and sustainable business. A quantitative approach was used by surveying Culinary MSME owners in Jakarta, taking 82 samples by random sampling. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling-partial least square (SEM-PLS). The analysis results show that the key resources of Industry 4.0, such as production system management, HR leadership, environmentally friendly business operations, and information technology, significantly affect the adoption of Industry 4.0 and the establishment of Sustainable Culinary Production Systems. The adoption of Industry 4.0 also impacts circular economy capabilities and sustainable business. Similarly, Sustainable Culinary Production Systems contribute to circular economy capabilities and sustainable business.

Socially friendly business strategy and social sustainability performance: roles of spiritual capital and social management process

Purpose This study aims to determine whether socially friendly business strategy impacts social sustainability performance and, if so, whether social management process and spiritual capital act as mediators and moderators of the relationship. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a comprehensive research framework consisting of the mediation and moderation relationship among four constructs, namely, socially friendly business strategy, social management process, spiritual capital and social sustainability performance. A total of 433 owners/managers of micro, small and medium-sized firms (MSMEs) in the Indonesian province of East Java took part in this study, and the data were gathered using a survey method. The resource-based view, stakeholder theory and partial least squares structural equation modelling are all used in this study to evaluate and explain the hypotheses. Findings The results show that both socially friendly business strategy and social management process positively affect social sustainability performance. Further analysis reveals that spiritual capital moderates the effect of socially friendly business strategy on social sustainability performance. Second, social management process mediates the influence of socially friendly business strategy on social sustainability performance in part. Research limitations/implications The current study has limitations. First, it restricts the scope of its sample to MSMEs in Indonesia’s East Java Province. As a result, it also restricts its generalizability, and care must be used if the findings are applied to other types of organizations and geographic areas. Second, some survey participants needed help to complete the online questionnaire. As a result, collecting the data were less successful than anticipated. This study has significant implications for the development of the stakeholder theory, particularly in elucidating the mechanisms by which socially responsible corporate strategies, social management practices and performance in terms of social sustainability are affected. Practical implications The findings provide a comprehensive guidance for owners/managers in reorienting their business strategy, managing the social management process and building their spiritual capital to achieve social sustainability performance. It provides materials for researchers and students who are interested in studying the subject matter. Social implications MSMEs have a significant role in society. The welfare of society will therefore increase if social sustainability performance is successful. The overall model of social sustainability performance improvements and its antecedents are presented in this study. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first attempts to explore the general model of improving social sustainability performance using four constructs that are rarely used in previous studies. It also uses a new data set and research setting in Indonesia as one of the emerging countries.

Assessment of Bulgarian municipalities in providing basic services and shaping the local business environment

Socio-economic processes in Bulgaria in recent decades have led to demographic collapse. This collapse is expressed in the reduction and concentration of the population in certain places. This process leads to the shrinkage of cities, with small municipalities being the most affected. Normally, after the next census, an inventory of the localities should be made in terms of the basic services they provide to the population and the implementation of territorial development policies, including forming a favorite local business ecosystem. The author's main purpose is to evaluate Bulgarian municipalities’ performance, which is the key to establishing good living conditions and a friendly business ecosystem for investment attractiveness. In this regard, the author proposes the regional investment index for municipalities’ evaluation. The present research is completed with a sociological survey on the attitudes of businesses, the population, branch organizations, and other civil structures towards the state and the functioning of municipalities in the Bulgarian state. The regional investment index applies to two Bulgarian municipalities (Balchik and Pomorie) in Bulgaria’s Black Sea region. With the help of the assessment model, the conditions and business environment in the municipalities can be measured, individual municipalities can be compared and it has practical-applied value for local authorities and citizens as well as for the state and business.

Waste Utilization Potential of Oil Palm Industry in North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia

This research is aimed to identify the potential economic value of oil palm waste utilization and to construct an environmentally friendly business model based on oil palm waste utilization for the context of North Kalimantan Province. Method of research is descriptive using both quantitative and qualitative specifications. The results of research showed that plantation enterprises and farmers do not yet optimally utilize and manage oil palm waste into economically valuable products. The population around oil palm plantation perceive that oil palm waste from oil palm enterprises is safe and never bringing negative impact on environment. Economical value potential from oil palm waste utilization has been calculated and the number is positive and profitable. Other result indicated that the construction of a business model regarding oil palm waste management involves a collaboration between plantation enterprises, farmers and Village Enterprise (Bumdes-Badan Usaha Milik Desa) as the representative of community around the plantation. The expectation is that the utilization of oil palm waste will improve the welfare of farmers and community members, protect the environment and prevent social conflict concerning waste from happening.

Economic policy uncertainty and income inequality: unveiling the effects of friendly business environment

AbstractRecent pandemic in the form of COVID‐19 has been associated with increasing income inequalities because of high uncertainty around the globe. As a result, we examined the nexus between economic policy uncertainty (EPU) and inequality and how this relation is moderated by friendly business environment reflected by ease of doing business (EODB). To understand the relation among the different dimensions several techniques like fixed effects model, Driscoll and Kraay, and panel quantile regression were employed for a sample of 20 countries ranging for the period of 12 years. Our findings show that EPU contributes to higher levels of overall income inequality (Gini‐Index) and the results are heterogenous across countries, however the concentration of wealth among top 10% rich people gets reduced with increased EPU. Additionally, we find EODB moderating the impact of EPU on income inequality by mitigating the adverse effects of EPU on income inequality. Finally, we combined the results across different proxies and models to propose suggestive policy recommendations.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF SUSTAINABILITY ON MANUFACTURING COMPANY’S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN ASEAN-5 COUNTRIES

Sustainability has been a debatable topic for decades, which is why this study is conducted. Initially, sustainability was used as a corrective action and was directly related to the issue of climate change due to industrialization, so the idea of a sustainable and environmentally friendly business emerged. The effect of sustainability on the company's financial performance needs to be highlighted to prove whether sustainability activities generate competitive advantages and benefit the company or whether these activities are costly for the company. This study aims to analyze the effect of sustainability on a company's financial performance. We use Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) scores from Thomson Reuters Datastream to represent sustainability. The sample used in this research consists of manufacturing companies throughout ASEAN-5 countries from 2016-2020. The result revealed a significant negative effect of ESG on financial performance if ROE and OPM measure it. Environmental alone does not significantly impact financial performance, social has a significant negative effect on ROA, ROE, and OPM, and governance has a negative impact on ROA.

Kewirausahaan Sosial Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam

Business is a movement to satisfy needs that are overwhelmingly popular by many gatherings. Business venture today has encountered a change in direction from one benefit to another situated to be a social mission. Social business venture/social business exercises viewed as an option in taking care of monetary issues social. As a country where most individuals are Muslims what's more, considering the inescapable development of social business venture, then Islamic financial matters accompanies a perspective on data about the connection between friendly business and the upsides of Islamic regulation. Social exercises business when seen from the execution program plays practically a similar part with the point of Islamic financial matters itself with an end goal to increment development and financial prosperity. This study utilizes the writing survey strategy, in particular by gather a few ideas that are ordered from the exploration factors then, at that point, consolidated into another logical review. Moreover, the reason for making This examination is to add a little reference to the investigation of Social Entrepreneurship in the viewpoint of Islamic Economics.

Greenwashing and education: An evidence-based approach

In recent years, environmental issues have become the focus of societal concerns. In this context, the business world has been consolidating a form of green marketing management that merely conveys ambiguous or misleading messages rather than reflecting environmentally friendly business practices. This phenomenon is called greenwashing. This systematic review identifies and analyses the relationship between greenwashing and education (and at the more specific level of environmental education or education for sustainable development) in the academic literature. The sample consists of 20 papers retrieved from different databases using a systematic search strategy. As a result, an analysis of greenwashing trends in relation to education and its main approaches is presented: greenwashing literacy as an avoidance tool, the presence of the phenomenon in higher education institutions or in resources for educating, tools for identifying misleading green advertising and education, and anti-greenwashing educational proposals. Finally, some recommendations for identification and avoidance are presented.

Social embeddedness and supply chains: Doing business with friends versus making friends in business

Network literature has widely documented that the managerial ties between corporate leaders in two firms can promote their economic exchanges in supply chains, that is, social embeddedness. In this study, we strive to advance this line of inquiry by exploring the dynamics of such socially embedded supply chains, examining whether and when the dissolution of managerial ties between two firms would cause the subsequent termination of their supplier–buyer exchanges. We address this question by distinguishing two types of socially embedded supply chains based on their different relational origins: business‐with‐friend links in which the managerial ties precede the supply chains, and friend‐in‐business links in which the supplier–buyer exchanges precede the managerial ties. We posit that the managerial tie dissolution has a negligible effect on the subsequent termination of supply chains in business‐with‐friend links. In contrast, in friend‐in‐business links, the dissolution of managerial ties between two firms is associated with a significantly higher likelihood for their supplier–buyer exchanges to dissolve afterward. We find strong empirical evidence for the above propositions using a nuanced data set that integrates the managerial tie information and the supply chain data. In sum, we show that socially embedded supply chains with different origins (“doing business with friends” vs. “making friends in business”) would have distinct patterns of evolution and dissolution.

Adopting environment friendly technology model for green consumer adoption: is financial access important?

The objective of study is to test the role of access to finance between environment friendly technological adoption model for reshaping green consumer adoption pattern. For this, fuzzy-analytic approach is applied on Chinese model. The study findings highlighted that the environment friendly business initiatives must be maintained for longer durations to maintain environmental stability while time-honored techniques of controlling the environment evolve. In China, the technology acceptance model (TAM) in eco-friendly e-commerce increases consumer adoption goals for ecologically responsible items and creates new avenues for securing funding. The theoretical underpinnings of this study come from the fields of rational choice and planned behavior. Fifteen Chinese e-commerce professionals provided information for the research. Pythagorean fuzzy (PAHP) and FTOPSIS techniques are used to predict the results. The research results provide light on how TAM shapes the mindset, values, and goals of eco-conscious online shoppers in China, allowing them to get financial access while also helping to preserve the country's natural resources. Both theoretical and practical suggestions suggested directions to the key stakeholders to obtain financial access so that green consumer adoption may enhance for towards the adoption of environment friendly technology models.

The Effect of Green Credit and Other Determinants of Credit Risk Commercial Bank in Indonesia

In order to achieve the Notionally Determined Contribution (NDC) target through reducing greenhouse gas emissions, the Government of Indonesia is trying to develop sustainable finance. Commercial Banks as a financial service institution are required to implement sustainable finance, among others by reporting loans that meet the criteria for Environmentally Friendly Business Activities (KUBL). Credit risk is one of the main risks for banks. Research on the effect of lending that meets KUBL or green loan criteria on bank credit risk as reflected in NPLs has never been carried out. In this study, we analyze the effect of green loans, and the influence of other variables, namely bank performance variables (LDR, CAR, ROA, NIM) and bank size on credit risk of commercial banks in Indonesia. This study uses annual available data from 107 commercial banks in Indonesia for the period from 2019 to 2021. Based on the results of this study, the effect of green loans on NPL is not significant because the percentage of green loans is relatively low compared to the total bank credit portfolio in Indonesia. For this reason, various incentives are needed from both the Authority and the Government to encourage commercial banks to increase green loans.Meanwhilebank performance variables, namely LDR, CAR, NIM and bank size have a significant influence on the credit risk of commercial banks in Indonesia. Bank performance variables namely LDR, CAR have a positive effect on bank NPLs, the NIM ratio and bank size have a negative effect on bank NPLs.

Membangun orientasi kewirausahaan dan lingkungan kerja untuk meningkatkan kinerja UKM

This study aims to develop the concept of entrepreneurial orientation and work environment in an effort to improve the performance of SMEs in the batik industry in Pekalongan city. This type of research is an explanatory study. This study tried to test hypotheses about the relationship between variables. The results of this study concluded that in the current friendly business environment, entrepreneurial orientation has an influence on the performance of SMEs in the batik industry in Pekalongan city, environmental conditions have a positive and significant influence, but the future business environment conditions cannot be predicted so it is necessary to anticipate several alternative problem solving that will occur. Therefore, it is necessary to run a business efficiently. The condition of the business environment can force companies to take advantage of entrepreneurial orientation to achieve business performance, but the company is not necessarily able to overcome this.

Pre‐requisites for infrastructure public‐private partnerships in oil‐exporting countries: The case of Saudi Arabia

AbstractThe evolution of public‐private partnerships (PPPs) within oil‐exporting states has not attracted sufficient attention from PPP scholars. Particularly, the Gulf‐Cooperation Council (GCC) states such as Saudi Arabia which has had a prolonged history of state‐led economic development and public funding of infrastructure projects is an interesting empirical context to explore how PPPs can become an instrument for infrastructure delivery. Plummeting oil prices since 2014 have urged Saudi Arabia to identify new forms of project organizing such as PPPs. The underlying argument of this paper is that delivering projects through the PPP route necessitates major reforms to the existing legal and regulatory frameworks, establishing relevant institutional support in the form of a PPP unit and developing a friendly business environment that could attract foreign investors to the country. This field report outlines the key reforms enacted by the Saudi government, and highlights pressing challenges that need to be addressed to drastically enhance Saudi Arabia's investment climate and enable the private sector's financing of mega‐infrastructure projects.

Impact of Inflation, Public Deficit and Foreign Direct Investment on National Savings: Case Study of Pakistan

The document attempts to investigate globalization and savings behavior in Pakistan. This paper takes into account the importance of globalization as a determining factor for national, private and public savings. The Ordinary Least Square method is used for empirical analysis. The analysis is performed in two stages. In the first phase, descriptive statistics and correlation matrix are described. In the second phase, multivariate analysis explains that globalization determines Pakistan's saving behavior. The study concludes that the consumer price index, the real interest rate and workers' remittances have a positive and significant influence on savings. The government deficit has a marginally significant impact on savings, while foreign direct investment has a negative but significant impact on national and private savings. Public savings are directly and insignificantly affected. Trade liberalization has a negligible and positive impact on national savings, but has a negligible negative impact on public and private savings. Given the role of globalization and the saving behavior in Pakistan, the government is suggested to provide a favorable environment and tax incentives to improve foreign direct investment. This will increase savings in the country. To this end, the country's industrial and agricultural sectors must be stable. Furthermore, it is necessary to create an investment friendly business environment in Pakistan.

Waste management should become a profitable and environmentally friendly business

The article analyzes the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, according to which, starting from 2023, waste reclaimers from used goods, who have confirmed their actual disposal, will be able to count on financial support from the state. For the disposed volume, compensation will be provided in the amount of an environmental fee for individual groups of goods. It is noted that a new procedure for attracting funds to market participants should be developed and approved by the Russian Environmental Operator (REO). The methods of packaging household waste prepared for mechanized loading and transportation for recycling and their further use are considered. It is noted that the decision of Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin on financial support for waste collection and processing enterprises will allow further development of waste processing, to allocate and process more useful fractions from them. The development of standard design solutions will attract investors to the waste recycling industry, since it will take much less time and money to create production.

Samudera Ports Digital Transformation Development Strategy Through the Implementation of ETOS (Electronic Terminal Operating System)

Samudera Indonesia is a shipping and logistic company in Indonesia that actively engaged in adapting digitalization in its various business activities. One of the digitalization efforts carried out is by implementing ETOS (Electronic Terminal Operating System) in Samudera Ports business line. This study aims to study the Samudera Ports business model, analyze the business model change approach strategy and develop a digital transformation roadmap on the Samudera Ports business model. This qualitative research contains 5 variables: Digital Reality, Digital Ambition, Digital Potential, Digital Fit, and Digital Implementation. Digital transformation process started by the phase when Samudera Ports is still running a manual business model. Digitalization through the implementation of ETOS is able to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the four core terminal activities: Receiving, Delivering, Loading and Discharge. Changes in the business model with ETOS affect the Customer Dimension, Benefit Dimension, Value Added Dimension, Partner Dimension, and Financial Dimension. The main objective of digital transformation is to achieve a more effective, efficient and environmentally friendly business model. Digital transformation begins with problems that occured in port operational activities and benchmarking to overseas modern ports. Digitization is adjusted to each port’s capability. The management of Samudera Ports directly handles system education for both internal and external parties. This is intended to create an ideal reciprocal relationship and minimize errors or failures in the implementation of ETOS. Samudera Ports management implements the changes approach strategy with 3 stages of changing management: Unfreeze stage where Samudera Ports realizes the need for a system to overcome the problems, the second stage is Change, where Samudera Ports establishes the policies in the implementation of ETOS. Next, the Refreeze stage where the ETOS-based business model is standardized and used as the standard for Samudera Ports port business.