Business Disputes Research Articles

Business Dispute Settlement Employment Chartering Agreement In The Perspective Of Legal Certainty

The background of the problems in this thesis research is a business dispute agreement chartering Pekerajaan with a peace decision between Antony Simon melaawan LAI MEE YEK that can be resolved through the mediation process. In conducting the mediation process in court with a peace decision (deed of Vandading) in the Medan District Court in accordance with the mediation implementation procedure as stipulated in PERMA No. 1 of 2016. The problems discussed in writing this thesis is how the legal regulations in the settlement of business disputes on the tort of default, how the settlement of cases of tort of default with the occurrence of peace (Dading) by the Medan District Court and how the settlement of business disputes chartering Pekeraja agreement with the Peace decision (deed Vandading) in Medan District Court. The research method used in the writing of this thesis is a type of normative-empirical legal research, by conducting doctoral research directly and using data collection tools in the form of interviews. Based on the results of research, the process of resolving default business disputes through a simple lawsuit based on perma number 4 of 2019 with a material lawsuit of at most Rp.500.000.000, - (five hundred million rupiah) in order to achieve legal certainty should be in the lawsuit the plaintiff appealed to the Chairman/panel of judges who examined and tried this case to put a temporary bail seizure (conservatoir beslagh) against the defendant's property both movable and immovable. In order to avoid greater financing and longer time in resolving this matter.

The Effectiveness Of The Implementation Of The Principle Of Confidentiality In The Enforcement Of Arbitral Awards In Indonesia

Litigants through ordinary courts (national of a country) have been generally considered ineffective for entrepreneurs. Therefore, the settlement of cases outside the court on the basis of peace is allowed by law in this case the law on judicial power. This is intended to facilitate the settlement of business disputes arbitration institutions have several advantages over the general judiciary. These advantages include guaranteed confidentiality of the parties ' disputes from the public. Delays caused in procedural and administrative matters can be avoided. The parties may select arbitrators who, in their belief, have knowledge and experience in resolving business disputes. However, there is a conflict between the principle of confidentiality in arbitration proceedings with the obligation to register an arbitration award to the court to obtain an executive warrant, where the court will provide case numbering and the hearing schedule will be uploaded to The Case Tracking Information System (SIPP). Initially, the public did not know that there was an arbitration hearing between Company A and Company B, but because of the system of registering decisions in court to obtain a writ of enforcement, the public became aware that there was an arbitration decision on a dispute between Company A and Company B, so that the effectiveness of the confidentiality principle did not work effectively and a Judicial Review of Article 59 of the arbitration law and APS was necessary for the implementation of the principle of confidentiality perfectly on the enforcement of arbitration decisions in Indonesia.

EFFECTIVENESS OF BUSINESS DISPUTE RESOLUTION THROUGH MEDIATION IN INDONESIA

This study investigates the effectiveness of mediation as a mechanism for resolving business disputes in Indonesia, focusing on its procedural efficiency and impact on the relationships between disputing parties. Employing a qualitative research approach with descriptive normative analysis, the research highlights the legal foundations of mediation established by laws such as Law No. 30 of 1999 and Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2016, which mandate mediation prior to litigation. The findings reveal that while mediation presents significant benefits, including faster resolution times and cost savings, its effectiveness is contingent on several factors: public awareness, the quality of mediators, and the parties' willingness to engage collaboratively. The study emphasizes the importance of confidentiality, neutrality, and mutual interest as key principles in ensuring a fair mediation process. Despite the challenges faced, such as a preference for litigation and uncertainties regarding the enforcement of mediated agreements, the research indicates that mediation has the potential to enhance business relationships and streamline dispute resolution processes. The insights gleaned from this study not only contribute to the understanding of mediation within the Indonesian legal context but also offer valuable lessons for other jurisdictions aiming to develop their alternative dispute resolution frameworks.

BUILDING TRUST THROUGH CONTRACT: A LEGAL PROTECTION EFFORT FOR SERVICE PROVIDERS AND USERS IN THE DIGITAL ERA

This study investigates the effectiveness of mediation as a mechanism for resolving business disputes in Indonesia, focusing on its procedural efficiency and impact on the relationships between disputing parties. Employing a qualitative research approach with descriptive normative analysis, the research highlights the legal foundations of mediation established by laws such as Law No. 30 of 1999 and Supreme Court Regulation No. 1 of 2016, which mandate mediation prior to litigation. The findings reveal that while mediation presents significant benefits, including faster resolution times and cost savings, its effectiveness is contingent on several factors: public awareness, the quality of mediators, and the parties' willingness to engage collaboratively. The study emphasizes the importance of confidentiality, neutrality, and mutual interest as key principles in ensuring a fair mediation process. Despite the challenges faced, such as a preference for litigation and uncertainties regarding the enforcement of mediated agreements, the research indicates that mediation has the potential to enhance business relationships and streamline dispute resolution processes. The insights gleaned from this study not only contribute to the understanding of mediation within the Indonesian legal context but also offer valuable lessons for other jurisdictions aiming to develop their alternative dispute resolution frameworks.

Juridical Review of the Implementation of Foreign Arbitration Awards in Indonesia in the Perspective of Constitutional Court Ruling Number 4/PUU-XXII/2024

The implementation of foreign arbitration awards in Indonesia from the perspective of Constitutional Court Decision Number 4/PUU-XXII/2024 is crucial in both international and domestic legal contexts. This article provides a strong legal basis for arbitration usage in resolving cross-border business disputes in Indonesia, both domestically and internationally. The research contributes to the legal field by offering an in-depth normative juridical analysis of how unfamiliar discretion grants are executed in Indonesia. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and qualitatively. The research topic, namely, the Juridical Review of the Implementation of Foreign Arbitration Decisions in Indonesia in the Perspective of Sacred Court Choice Number 4 is analyzed using deductive methods, which entail deriving conclusions from general to specific, particularly regarding the research topic. In this specific situation, a juridical survey of the execution of unfamiliar mediation grants in Indonesia becomes vital to comprehend the effect of established Court Choice number 4 on international arbitration practices, legal certainty, and the investment environment in Indonesia.

MEDIATION – THE OFTEN-MISSED OPPORTUNITY!

Parties have the opportunity to regulate the dispute, and during mediation, an acceptable solution for the dispute resolution can be seen, which will strengthen the personal or business relationship between the parties in the future. One of the key functions of a mediator to successfully mediate business disputes is to focus on the interests of the parties and be able to separate them from the positions of the parties. International mediation is seen as the amicable process of the resolution of cross-border commercial disputes, which helps parties to preserve commercial relationships. The mediator should individually analyze every case before a mediation meeting is planned. The mediator should decide whether to start with a general joint meeting or conduct individual meetings. The above-mentioned has a great impact on future processes and results. The implementation of general mediation standards in national law is a big challenge. Standards on applying enforcement and refusal mechanisms in International business disputes are general, vague, and more evaluative. States should work on the development of national guidelines and case law regarding the evaluation process of mediation by court. Digital assets from Blockchain Technology can be inherited, and because of the specificities (different territories, internet space, and different tech companies) of currency, disputes may arise in transacting inheritance. It is debatable why the Singapore Convention should not apply to settlement agreements raised from cryptocurrency.

COMPARISON OF COMMERCIAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS IN JORDAN AND THE MIDDLE EAST

This article provides a comprehensive comparison of commercial dispute resolution mechanisms across Jordan, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Egypt. With the increasing globalization of business and the growth of foreign investments in the Middle East, an effective and efficient legal framework for dispute resolution is critical. The primary goal of this study is to provide a comprehensive comparative analysis of commercial dispute resolution mechanisms in Jordan and key Middle Eastern countries, with the aim of understanding their impact on the business climate and investor confidence in the region. The research employs a comparative analysis approach, drawing on a variety of sources including legal texts, case studies, and interviews with legal experts and business professionals from Jordan, Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Egypt. This comparative analysis examines the similarities and differences in the dispute resolution frameworks of these four countries, focusing on judicial processes, arbitration practices, and the adoption of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) methods. All four nations share a common legal heritage influenced by Islamic Sharia law and have adopted international standards such as the UNCITRAL Model Law to modernize their arbitration systems. Each country has established specialized commercial courts to expedite the resolution of business disputes and is a signatory to the New York Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, facilitating cross-border enforcement of decisions. However, there are distinct differences shaped by local legal and economic policies. For instance, the UAE features a dual judicial system that includes Sharia-influenced local courts and common law-based courts in its free zones, which are absent in the other three countries. The study highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each jurisdiction's dispute resolution mechanism and discusses ongoing reforms aimed at enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of legal processes. This analysis not only aids in understanding each country's approach to dispute resolution but also serves as a guide for international businesses and investors considering operations in these regions.

Comparative analysis of e-commerce arbitration in business dispute resolution in Indonesia And China

Comparative analysis of e-commerce arbitration in business dispute resolution in Indonesia And China

ISLAMIC LEGAL PERSPECTIVE RESOLUTION OF BANKRUPTCY IN SHARIA BUSINESS DISPUTES

Purpose: Disharmony in bankruptcy laws in Sharia business impacted public distrust and lack of legal certainty in society. The urgency of this research requires legal reform and renewal regarding the authority of religious justice institutions as the sole adjudicators in the realm of sharia law to guarantee legal certainty. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of bankruptcy dispute resolution from a sharia perspective. Method: This qualitative research uses a normative juridical approach, and the legal sources used are primary and secondary. Legal sources are collected through literature reviews, then analyzed and described systematically, descriptively, and prescriptively to answer current and future. Results and Conclusion: The result is that there is a need for a legal stipulation that religious courts are the only institutions authorized to decide on the resolution of bankruptcy disputes based on Sharia law so that Sharia bankruptcy law becomes effective. Implications of research: Research on the Islamic legal perspective the resolution of bankruptcy in Sharia business disputes can have several significant implications among others are legal framework development. Such research can contribute to the development of a comprehensive legal framework within Islamic jurisprudence for handling bankruptcy cases in Sharia-compliant businesses. This includes exploring the principles outlined in Islamic commercial law (Fiqh al-Mu'amalat) and their application to modern economic systems.

The Effectiveness of the Government Regulation Concerning Franchises in Resolving Franchise Business Disputes in Indonesia

<p>Franchising is a business system that is growing with the current in Indonesia and the legal relationship between the franchiser and the franchisee is regulated in a contract that regulates the rights and obligations of the parties who have a relationship to comply with the contents of the agreement, which if violated can have consequences for the future law according to the agreement in the franchise agreement. Since the enactment of Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007, franchise business disputes still occur in Indonesia, such as abuse of franchisor authority, quality of technical and managerial support provided by franchisors to franchisees, and unfairness in profit sharing between franchisees and franchisees. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007 as a legal basis for resolving franchise business dispute cases in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a literature study approach. The results showed that Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007 is a regulation that regulates the mechanism for resolving business disputes in Indonesia, including in the case of franchise business disputes. This research also identifies several challenges that may be faced in the application of Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007 in resolving franchise business dispute cases, such as the complexity of the dispute resolution process, limited access to dispute resolution institutions, and low awareness and understanding of business people regarding the dispute resolution mechanism regulated in the regulation. Steps are needed such as counseling and persuasive approaches to franchise business actors regarding the importance of resolving business disputes through the mechanisms regulated in the regulation, monitoring, and evaluation of the dispute resolution process carried out by the appointed institution.</p>

Inconsistencies & Problems of Supreme Court Decision No. 26 B/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2014 concerning Annulment of Arbitration Award

<em><span lang="EN-US">Arbitration awards are usually considered an efficient and effective way to resolve business disputes. However, just like an award in a court, an arbitral award may also be annulled if it meets the requirements mentioned in Article 70 of the Arbitration Law. This study aims to analyze the inconsistencies of the Supreme Court decision No. 26/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2014 which annulled the arbitral award. This research uses normative legal research methods by applying a statutory law approach and a case approach. Based on the results of the study, there are inconsistencies in the Supreme Court decision No. 26/Pdt.Sus-Arbt/2014 which annulled the BANI arbitration award No. 442/I/ARB-BANI/2012 by considering factors outside the contents of article 70 of the Arbitration Law. Observing this phenomenon, it is important to add articles that provide guidance on the use of reasons outside the contents of article 70 of Law No. 30 of 1999 in the annulment of arbitral awards, with the aim of providing legal certainty.</span></em>

Electronic dispute resolution in business: Opportunities for implementation in Kazakhstan

Relevance. The relevance of conducting a study on alternative dispute resolution between business entities stems from the fact that the current processes of digitalisation and globalisation have extended the opportunities for the introduction of innovative technologies in court proceedings. Purpose. Among the key tasks and objectives of the study was the analysis of the mechanism for implementing electronic dispute resolution in business activities, highlighting its characteristic features and the principles on which this activity is based. Methodology. The methods used in the present study are the theoretical-methodological approach, the functional methodological approach, the method of legal hermeneutics, the dogmatic methodological approach, the method of synthesis and others. Results. The study analysed the specifics of the implementation of mediation as an electronic dispute resolution method in business. International practices have been analysed and the advantages and disadvantages of implementing an electronic dispute resolution mechanism in the business sector have been highlighted and recommendations have been made to make the implementation of the mechanism in Kazakhstan more effective. To complete the analysis, statistical data were reviewed, based on dispute resolution by courts of general jurisdiction and the Specialised Inter-District Economic Court in comparison to the methods they use, and analysis was carried out on the use of mediation and settlement agreements, as well as through the use of online systems. Conclusions. A scientific study of electronic dispute resolution reveals that integrating innovative communication technologies into legal proceedings significantly enhances traditional dispute resolution methods. Electronic dispute resolution can address conflicts ranging from interpersonal disputes to state-level conflicts and is particularly beneficial for business disputes. The practical value of the findings is that the introduction of an effective e-justice mechanism will provide an opportunity to protect the rights of entrepreneurs and conduct this type of activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Keywords: protection of entrepreneurs; mediation; arbitration; foreign economic disputes; electronic justice; negotiations

Sharia Cooperative Business Dispute Resolution in Indonesia Accepted Under the Guidelines of Sharia Economic Law

The purpose of this study was to clarify how Sharia Economic Law is used to settle disputes involving cooperative businesses in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach to the literature to investigate secondary data sources pertaining to Indonesian legislation and regulations pertaining to commercial conflict resolution. The findings demonstrated the crucial role that sharia cooperatives play in the Islamic economic system, particularly as a substitute finance source for the lower middle class. According to Indonesia's legal system, sharia business disputes, including those involving sharia cooperative businesses, can be settled through family mediation, legal proceedings in religious courts with absolute jurisdiction, arbitration, or alternative dispute resolution organizations like LAPSPI (banking), BMAI (insurance), BMDP (pension funds), BAPMI (capital market), BMPPVI (venture capital), and BAMPPI (guarantee). The establishment of LAPS Cooperatives that mesh well with the cooperative's spirit and have access to human resources with expertise in sharia-based cooperative business become crucial factors to take into consideration. Sharia cooperatives are seen as a unique type of business entity that operate member-based businesses that simultaneously hold two statuses (owner and user) and cooperative wealth owned by all cooperative members who run their businesses according to sharia principles

Simple Claim Execution Reorientation in Civil and Business Disputes for Legal Certainty

This study aims to prescribe the importance of rethinking the regulation of the execution of simple lawsuits in the justice system in Indonesia, considering that simple lawsuits have many advantages as an alternative for resolving civil and business disputes. This research is normative legal research with a law approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative law approach. The countries used for comparison are Singapore, the Netherlands, and the United States. The study results show that legal uncertainty regarding the mechanism of the simple lawsuit court decision is a factor that must be considered if you want a simple lawsuit to be one of the models of dispute resolution in the business and civil disputes that exist in Indonesia. This should be the homework of the government or the Supreme Court in establishing clear rules regarding the procedure for executing a simple lawsuit. This is important to provide clarity and legal certainty for the parties.
 Keywords: simple lawsuit, judicial system, legal certainty

BENEFÍCIOS ECONÔMICOS DA MEDIAÇÃO EMPRESARIAL NO CENÁRIO BRASILEIRO

ABSTRACT This study aims to measure the economic benefits of business mediation in Brazil compared to lawsuits, investigating whether choosing mediation to resolve a business conflict is more economically advantageous than filing a lawsuit in the judiciary and whether opting for extrajudicial mediation to settle a business dispute is more economically advantageous than reaching an agreement in judicial mediation. The research, conducted in the Southeast region of Brazil after the implementation of the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure in 2016, employed quantitative methods, analyzing 397 judicial processes. The results indicated that extrajudicial mediation is the most cost-effective option, while the judicial lawsuit is the most costly. This article provides essential information for businesses to make informed decisions in the resolution of business disputes

Selected E-commerce Customs in Russia and China: Comparative Analysis

The article examines the experience of regulating e-commerce in the Russian Federation and China, mainly in terms of compliance with contractual norms, settlement of business disputes and protection of consumer rights. We can conclude that if the use of positive norms predominates in the Russian Federation, then the PRC quite successfully uses ordinary norms, revised and adapted to the needs of today — both at the national level and in the practice of cross-border trade transactions (the formation of a new customary trade law — lex mercatoria). It is especially worth noting the signifi cant role of mediation as a method of resolving business disputes, which is widespread in the PRC. The historical, cultural and current signifi cance of mediation allows us to talk about it as a legal custom that has found its place in the system of modern legislation of the PRC.

Resolution of Business Disputes in the Aviation Industry: The Role of Law and Arbitration

The purpose of this study is to explore the legal framework governing dispute resolution, examine the practice of using arbitration, identify the challenges faced, and provide recommendations to improve the effectiveness of business dispute resolution in the aviation industry. Conduct a review of the relevant literature to understand the legal framework governing business dispute resolution in the aviation industry, as well as practices and trends in the use of arbitration. Analyze data obtained from literature studies, case analysis, and, trends, and findings relevant in the context of business dispute resolution in the aviation industry. The role of arbitration law and implementation in the resolution of business disputes in the aviation industry is of significant importance. Law governs operational aspects and handles conflicts, while arbitration offers efficient and transparent solutions. The focus on investment risk prevention, regulatory updates, and negotiation methods demonstrate efforts to improve a conducive business environment. Consumer protection and law enforcement are necessary to ensure fairness for all parties. Thus, efforts to increase the role of arbitration law and implementation can bring great benefits in the aviation industry.

Cross border of Jurisdiction between Arbitration and District Court in Business Dispute Settlement under the Indonesian Legal System

In principle, the settlement of business disputes in Indonesia can be done amicably either through the court or outside the court. The court proceeding usually takes a long time, impacting overall case costs in comparison to dispute settlement outside the court. Arbitration as an alternative dispute resolution offers advantages compared to mediation, conciliation, and negotiation as it has an identical adjudicative nature to court proceedings. Therefore, arbitration is the preferred method for settling business disputes due to its perceived effectiveness and efficiency, resulting in win-win solutions. In addition, within the Indonesian legal framework, arbitration closely parallels court proceedings for dispute resolution, and its decisions carry the same level of binding authority and enforceability. This article relies on secondary data analyzed using a qualitative-juridical method to examine the jurisdiction of district court and arbitration. The findings reveal that arbitration has absolute jurisdiction when there exists an arbitration clause or an underlying arbitration agreement, thereby excluding the jurisdiction of the district court.

The establishment of simple lawsuit rules in business disputes in Indonesia: an challenge to achieve fair legal certainty

This study aims to prescribe the importance of rethinking the regulation of the execution of simple lawsuits in the justice system in Indonesia, considering that simple lawsuits have many advantages as an alternative for resolving civil and business disputes. This research is normative legal research with a law approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative law approach. The countries used for comparison are Singapore, the Netherlands, and the United States. The study results show that legal uncertainty regarding the mechanism of the simple lawsuit court decision is a factor that must be considered if you want a simple lawsuit to be one of the models of dispute resolution in the business and civil disputes that exist in Indonesia. This should be the homework of the government or the Supreme Court in establishing clear rules regarding the procedure for the execution of a simple lawsuit. This is important to do to provide clarity and legal certainty for the parties.

Mediation services for resolving business disputes

The article examines the issue of online business dispute resolution (ODR) as a legal phenomenon. Special attention is paid to the analysis of online platforms that have proven themselves positively. Examples of domestic developments are also given. In modern conditions caused by globalization, the disappearance of borders and the formation of the world Internet community, the legal sphere undergoes transformations for effective functioning. The technological revolution, especially after the increased interest in Bitcoin, has opened up new opportunities for alternative dispute resolution in the online environment. Online mediation, online arbitration and even arbitration using the blockchain technology used in cryptocurrency have appeared. These forms of ODR are becoming increasingly popular. In situations where regulatory rules are created in the Internet space without the use of public legal instruments, self-regulation of relations on the Internet occurs. Often, such a process arises due to the need to regulate new objects of social relations, which at the state or transnational level can take a lot of time. The resolution of business disputes through online platforms is particularly relevant in connection with the Russian war of aggression, which significantly complicated the work of the courts.Thus, Internet service participants can create their own rules, and to ensure their functioning and protection, an online dispute resolution institute is necessary. The article defines the concept of ODR and analyzes its characteristics. Specific examples of the use of ODR in the practice of well-known Internet companies are also given. Advantages and disadvantages of ODR are considered, factors affecting the effectiveness of this method of dispute resolution are analyzed. The article also describes the types of online dispute resolution, in particular, online arbitration, online mediation and online negotiations are considered in detail. On the basis of the conducted research, a conclusion is made about the prerequisites for the development and popularization of online dispute resolution and the importance of ODR for self-regulation of relations is emphasized.