Business Categories Research Articles

Bibliometric Analysis of Consumer Behaviour Research Conducted During the Covid-19 Pandemic Period

In recent years, the Covid-19 pandemic has brought with it changes in consumer behaviour. The purpose of this article is to examine the evolution and trends of consumer behaviour research during the Covid-19 pandemic period. The publications written on the subject of “covid” from the WoS database with the words “consumer behaviour” or “consumer behavior” in their titles were scanned in the business and management category, limiting the years 2020, 2021 and 2022. A total of 642 accessed publications were subjected to bibliometric analysis using the CiteSpace 6 program. The findings show that the number of studies in this field has increased. According to country collaboration analysis, there is a strong country collaboration network between the USA, China, India, Australia, South Korea and the UK. The most studied topic clusters are green consumer behaviour, consumer engagement behaviour and effective service quality. The three most used keywords are impact, consumer behaviour, and model. The study is important as it reveals the trend of consumer behaviour publications during the Covid-19 pandemic period. It is expected that the findings of the study will guide the consumer behaviour researches.

Research Agenda on Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making: New Academic Debates in Business and Management

Systemic disruptions are becoming more continuous, intense, and persistent. Their effects have a severe impact on the economy in volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous (VUCA) environments that are increasingly transversal to productive sectors and activities. Researchers have intensified their academic production of multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) in recent years. This article analyzes the research agenda through a systematic review of scientific articles in the Web of Science Core Collection according to the Journal Citation Report (JCR), both in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE). According to the selected search criteria, 909 articles on MCDM published between 1979 and 2022 in Web of Science journals in the business and management categories were located. A bibliometric analysis of the main thematic clusters, the international collaboration networks, and the bibliographic coupling of articles was carried out. In addition, the analysis period is divided into two subperiods (1979–2008 and 2009–2022), establishing 2008 as the threshold, the year of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), to assess the evolution of the research agenda at the beginning of systemic disruptions. The bibliometric analysis allows the identification of the motor, basic, specialized, and emerging themes of each subperiod. The results show the similarities and differences between the academic debate before and after the GFC. The evidence found allows academics to be guided in their high-impact research in business and management using MCDM methodologies to address contemporary challenges. An important contribution of this study is to detect gaps in the literature, highlighting unclosed gaps and emerging trends in the field of study for journal editors.

Pakistani Migrant’s Integration Experiences in South Korea

This research paper has elucidated significant factors regarding the integration of Pakistani migrants living in South Korea (S.K). Pakistan stands at the sixth spot in terms of overseas migrant workers. The migration happened due to a few reasons such as lack of access to higher education with standardized scientific equipment for experimental use, poor financial and political situation, and to gain better economic opportunities which improve their as well as families’ living standards. The open-ended interviews were conducted with the Pakistani migrants living in S.K. The subject of the study is Pakistani migrants living in Jeolla Namdo, the capital city of Gwangju, South Korea. The purpose of this study is to investigate to what extent Pakistani migrants are integrated with the host community and in which area they are facing hindrances. During interviews, the participants were asked about the basic purpose of migration to S.K, daily life, and how they celebrate their cultural and religious festivities. How do they manage their lives in the host community? According to this study, most Pakistani migrants came to Korea for education, followed by business category and joining the family. Before coming to Korea, they did not learn the Korean language, and after arrival, they realized that the language barrier and availability of halal food are real troubles. In Korea, it is difficult to get halal edible items, even though it is essential regarding Muslim religious beliefs. None of the respondents eats pork and other cooked meat available in the restaurants because the meat is not halal. There are insufficient grocery stores to purchase the affirmed halal meat. This study demonstrates that the integration of Pakistani migrants is moderate, yet a gigantic change in three things such as greetings style, sense of dressings, and food preferences is seen that is integrated from the host community. In the case of residence location preferences, the majority of Pakistani migrants do not have any hesitation to live in a non-Muslim populated area. They feel safe everywhere in Korea. Concerning the children, their integration level is high because they can easily make Korean friends. Children have adopted the language very quickly and face no barriers; they speak Korean very well too. The article's findings offer a few suggestions to the government of South Korea that will help to improve integration and multiculturalism. It is recommended that the Korean government should amend its policy in migrants' favor, this will positively change general people's mindset. This will promote the concept that Korean culture is becoming multi-cultural from monoculture. The government of South Korea should consider issues creating hindrances related to integration such as the availability of migrants’ worship places, easy and everywhere availability of required edible halal food, and make easier the process of getting a permanent residence-ship. This will pull in more migrants, which will improve integration processes. Keywords: Integration, Multiculturalism, Religious festivities, Education, Equipped laboratories, Migrants.

Основные проблемы малого бизнеса в условиях новых санкций против РФ

The introduction by Western countries of a new package of sanctions against the Russian Federation at the beginning of 2022 negatively affected the activities of almost all legal entities. Among the most affected economic entities are small enterprises, a significant part of which specializes in retail trade. This work is devoted to identifying the main problems of the small business sector in connection with the new sanctions against Russia and the retaliatory measures taken. The object of the study was the Ostrovok store, specializing in the retail trade of trendy toys and related products. The results of the study can be used to further study the impact of sanctions on the country's economy in general and certain categories of small businesses in particular, as well as to develop effective measures of state support.

Findings of a community screening programme for human cystic echinococcosis in a non-endemic area.

Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis caused by infection with the larval stages of the taeniid cestodes of the species complex Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato. It is prevalent among transhumant communities in East Africa, including those residing in northern Kenya. The movement of livestock from these regions of high incidence to areas of low incidence creates an indirect risk of disease spill-over to humans. To assess possible establishment of the CE life cycle outside known endemic regions, we used a portable ultrasound scanner to screen for the presence of human CE in Bungoma County of western Kenya, an area which imports substantial numbers of cattle for slaughter from neighbouring pastoralist regions. Eight sentinel sites were purposively selected based on their proximity to slaughterhouses handling animals introduced from pastoralist regions, and necessary permissions to conduct the study were sought. Regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with the presence of abdominal and cystic lesions (CL). In total, 1002 participants were screened; of these, 654 (65.3%) were female and the median age was 43. Farming (n = 403; 43.4%) was the most frequent occupation, followed by professional (i.e. on regular salary) (n = 215; 23.1%), and business (n = 207; 22.3%) categories. Sixty-seven participants (6.7%) had abnormal ultrasound findings, of these, 7 (1.1%) had simple liver cysts/CL, as per WHO classification. As such, their outcome was inconclusive and they were not put on treatment but advised to attend follow-up investigations in a referral health facility. Other abnormal findings included splenomegaly (n = 14), ovarian cysts (n = 14), uterine fibroids (n = 10), polycystic kidneys (n = 6), and benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 6). Age was unconditionally associated with the presence of presumptive CL. These results contribute to CE baseline data while providing insights on the implementation of ultrasound diagnosis in the field, as recommended by the WHO for targeted control of echinococcosis by 2030.

The Role of Cognitive Legitimacy in Social Entrepreneurship: A Multilevel, Cross-country Analysis

Despite the importance of cognitive legitimacy in new organization form’ development, previous research pays less attention to social enterprises’ cognitive legitimacy. We explore how the social enterprises obtain cognitive legitimacy from their prevalence and the legitimacy of business and nonprofit categories (i.e., legitimacy spillovers). Using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2015, we find that both legitimacy spillovers from business and nonprofit organizations and the perceived density of social enterprises are significantly related to individuals’ engagement in social enterprise. Moreover, the legitimacy spillover effects are more important when individuals perceive a lower density of social enterprises. Our study contributes to the research on legitimacy spillover and the legitimacy of social enterprises.

Withholding self‐employed and business incomes: An application to Italian firms

AbstractThe paper proposes the application of a generalised withholding tax scheme to business‐to‐business transactions, in order to combat the evasion of income‐related taxes levied on self‐employed workers and businesses, as an alternative to the standard regime based on self‐reporting. The scheme proposed here is comprehensive in scope, since it applies to all B2B transactions involving the self‐employed and businesses, and can be regarded as an extension of the withholding tax regimes which are currently applied to specific sectors and/or business categories and self‐employed taxpayers in some countries. We argue, even on the basis of a simple conceptual framework, that the benefit of extending such a withholding mechanism to profit taxes is twofold. On the one hand, consisting of an advance payment on the effective profit tax liability, it contributes to curbing tax evasion due to non‐payment in a system characterised by a standard self‐reporting mechanism. On the other hand, and more importantly, the withholding system—retaining information about each transaction subjected to it—enhances third‐party information reporting if the withholding tax is applied to transactions that are otherwise excluded. This paper offers details on operational aspects of the proposed withholding tax mechanism. In particular, a critical issue in implementing the withholding regime lies in the choice of the tax rate, and more specifically in setting a level that is effective in reducing tax evasion without generating excessive tax refunds. This issue is discussed by applying the withholding mechanism to balance sheet microdata of all non‐financial Italian companies.

Perancangan Media Promosi Desain Aplikasi Mobile Tentang Tepung Mocaf Pengganti Tepung Terigu Pada UMKM Arum Ayu Healthy Local Food

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are a category of small-scale businesses that are believed to be able to contribute to the Indonesian economy. One of the most preferred MSME businesses, even by young people, is the culinary business. One of them is MSME Arum Ayu Healthy Local Food as a supplier of gluten-free cassava flour (mocaf flour) in Tangerang Banten, in addition to selling raw materials for mocaf flour, it also provides a variety of Indonesian food made from tuber flour (gluten-free). Mocaf flour is a modification of cassava flour with a fermentation technique so that the resulting product has characteristics similar to wheat flour, soft white and no cassava taste so that the viscosity is better. Not many people are familiar with mocaf flour and its benefits and this is an obstacle for Arum Ayu Healthy Local Food SMEs in distributing their products. Therefore, Arum Ayu Healthy Local Food SMEs in carrying out promotions using online media mobile applications, where mobile applications are made with a visual approach in order to provide education about mocaf flour and build partnerships to expand business networks through resellers or drop shippers.

Explanatory factors for variation in supplier sustainability performance in the automotive sector – A quantitative analysis

This article analyses differences in sustainability performances across supplier groups in the automotive industry using a multiple regression approach. The supplier sustainability performance is proxied by the self-assessment questionnaire (SAQ), a document-based assessment tool widely used in the automotive industry. The supplier groups are divided according to their headcount, business category and the region suppliers are located in. The analysis shows that the sustainability performance increases significantly with a supplier’s headcount. Furthermore, it shows that manufacturing suppliers perform significantly better compared to service providers. While there exist regional performance differences, the development stage of a country is found to be only a small significant factor influencing suppliers’ sustainability performances. Our results suggest OEM requirements in their assessments to be a major driver for supplier sustainability performance and that further analysis of regional factors is necessary.

Determinants of micro, small, and medium-scale enterprise performers’ income during the Covid-19 pandemic era

The global Covid-19 pandemic has had a major impact on all aspects of life, even in Indonesia, inflation was 2.96% year on year. The pandemic has also caused a decline in production, sales and income of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), for which recovery is necessary. This study aims to analyze the influence of factors, age, number of workers, length of business, empowerment, human capital, business capital, type of business, business category, and production technology on the income of MSME performers'. This research was conducted in Surakarta which was determined purposively, with a population of all MSME performers' with various types of businesses. This study uses quantitative methods with survey techniques. Samples were taken randomly as many as 210 MSME performers’. Data were collected through structured interviews with questionnaires and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The results of multiple regression data analysis using OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) and dummy variables indicate that the factors of age, number of workers, length of business, empowerment, human capital, type of business and production technology have a significant effect on income. The use of manual and modern technology, types of culinary businesses and other businesses have a significant influence on income. Own business capital and those from loan capital, as well as micro and small business category are not significant to income. All production factors together have a contribution to income of 42.53 percent (R2). The results of the analysis t-test also show that there is a significant difference between the income of MSMEs that have less than 3 employees and have more than 3 employees, While empowerment can increase MSME income, MSME performers who often participate in empowerment and those who rarely participate in empowerment have no different income. The implications of the results of this study can be used as the basis for formulating an empowerment model for MSME performers that is in accordance with pandemic conditions.

Strategi Mengembangkan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Menengah (Umkm) di Kecamatan Bangkinang Kota dan Salo

Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises or UMKM are a category of small-scale businesses that are believed to be able to contribute to the economy of Kampar Regency. UMKM as a means to create the private sector so that the development of UMKM plays an important role in economic development. According to Law No. 9 of 1995, coaching and development is an effort made by the government, the business world and the community through the provision of guidance and reinforcement assistance to grow and improve the ability of small businesses to become strong and independent businesses and can develop into medium-sized businesses. The purpose of this study was to analyze the development of UMKM in Kampar Regency. The population is UMKM actors and UMKM consumers, the research sample is 98 UMKM actors and 96 UMKM consumers. This research uses the SWOT method. The results show that the SWOT strategy is very helpful for developing UMKM. 
 Keywords— UMKM, Development, SWOT

INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE SUCCESSION PLANNING AND GENERATIONAL CHANGEOVER IN FAMILY-OWNED ORGANISATIONS CASE OF FAMILY-OWNED HARDWARE TRADES IN HARARE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT (ZIMBABWE)

The inquiry papyraceous sought after to determine the agent that persuasion succession planning and generational change in small family-owned ironmongery businesses in Harare Central Business District in the Zimbabwean capital metropolitan. Harare is the biggest city in Zimbabwe and has the highest multitude of recorded lineage owned businesses. By means of the Mixed Method Research (MMR) which was QUAN-qual, denotating that this meditation was primarily quantitative with a slender qualitative constituent. The researches patience was pragmatism and the investigation intend was figurative. A sample of 110 respondents was enact through layered random trypiece to take solicitude of the three categories of family-owned businesses namely: small, medium and large family businesses. One hundred and ten self-conduct questionnaire were issuance for fulfillment and 100 were revert practicable, giving a response rate of 90.9%. The questionnaire had mostly shu ppurpose items and a few obvious close article in protection with the QUAN-qual orientation. Data was analysed worn SPSS ver. 23. A multivariate regression analysis was impelled out and the findings were that: the age of the family business proprietor, straightforward of education, communication among family members, gender of business lord, involvement of family members in family employment progeny and size of the class office influence succession sketch and generational change in lineage-owned ironmongery businesses in Harare CBD. R-squared was calculate to determine the impact of these factors on lineage planning and generational turn. The research findings reveal that 65% of the variability in succession planning and generational turn possibly will be expound by the predictor variables enrolled immediately above. The inquiry ponder also found out that succession planning and generational change had the subsequent exchange: reluctancy of business owners/managers to relinquish control of the business; contestation of uncertainty and unknowns and contention within families. This investigation paper recommends that top management of family-owned businesses ought to disentangle comprehensive descent planning and generational strategies for continuity focussing on all the forecaster variables review in the contemplation. It was also recommended that further researches be done on other factors that affect race sketch and generational change in kindred-owned other than hardware businesses in Harare Central Business District. Since the question study was conducted in Harare Central Business District only, this require it toilsome to generalise the findings to the faithful rustic, hence, it is commend that future research should concentrate on a liberal scope of family-owned businesses in dissimilar industries preference food manufacturing , construction ,electronic computer software , hotel and agriculture sectors.

Rotating Savings and Credit Associations, An Alternative Source of SME Financing: The Case of the Inhabitants of the Western Region of Cameroon

The relevance of SMEs to the economy is a globally accepted truth. These small actors generally constitute the largest category of businesses and contribute significantly to vital economic indicators. Despite their relevance, this category of businesses experiences considerable challenges obtaining financing: especially formal financing. This limited access to capital has been reported to constitute a major cause of high SME failure rates. This is mainly because these businesses lack the collateral necessary to access formal financing. Despite the above literature, it is reported that inhabitants of the Western Region of Cameroon, also referred to as the Bamelikes make extensive use of Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCA) for business financing and that this is partly responsible for their increased success in entrepreneurial activities. However, empirical studies establishing the impact of the usage of ROSCAs on SME access to capital in this region are almost inexistent. Given the above, it is the aim of this study to investigate and empirically establish whether the usage of ROSCAs significantly impacts SME access to capital in the Western Region of Cameroon. Using stratified random sampling, 500 participants from the major settlements of the Western Region of Cameroon were selected for this study. The questionnaire for the study was administered to these participants. 414 questionnaires were returned and after consistency verification, data from 401 respondents were retained for this study. The data was analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA analytical tool in the IBM SPSS software (version 21). The finding disclosed that ROSCAs usage has a statistically significant impact on SME’s access to capital in the Western Region of Cameroon. It is therefore recommended that SME owners/managers join such associations or come together to create such associations to improve their access to capital. In addition to that, since these organizations are widely spread across Africa and developing economies, they could be repurposed for business financing reasons instead of consumption.

PERAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI BAGI USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH PADA DINAS KOPERASI USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL

Accounting has an important role for the progress of MSMEs in Mandailing Natal Regency. But now many employees at MSMEs in Mandailing Natal do not know how important accounting is for compiling company financial reports. The role of accounting information systems for MSMEs is very important to know the development of these MSMEs. This study aims to determine the role of accounting information systems for MSMEs in Mandailing Natal at the Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperatives, Mandailing Natal District. The data collection techniques used in this study were based on observations made during the internship. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis based on the MSME data obtained. The results of this study are that there are still data that are not in accordance with the existing business categories in MSMEs. Therefore, the role of accounting information systems is very influential on MSMEs in the Office of Small and Medium Enterprises Cooperatives, Mandailing Natal District.

COVID-EENet: Predicting Fine-Grained Impact of COVID-19 on Local Economies

Assessing the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on economies is fundamental to tailor the responses of the governments to recover from the crisis. In this paper, we present a novel approach to assessing the economic impact with a large-scale credit card transaction dataset at a fine granularity. For this purpose, we develop a fine-grained economic-epidemiological modeling framework COVID-EENet, which is featured with a two-level deep neural network. In support of the fine-grained EEM, COVID-EENet learns the impact of nearby mass infection cases on the changes of local economies in each district. Through the experiments using the nationwide dataset, given a set of active mass infection cases, COVID-EENet is shown to precisely predict the sales changes in two or four weeks for each district and business category. Therefore, policymakers can be informed of the predictive impact to put in the most effective mitigation measures. Overall, we believe that our work opens a new perspective of using financial data to recover from the economic crisis. For public use in this urgent problem, we release the source code at https://github.com/kaist-dmlab/COVID-EENet.

Reconciling the Conservation of Cultural Heritage with Rural Development

Reconciling the Conservation of Cultural Heritage with Rural Development

Evaluation of Business Strategy and Performance in Chemical Companies in the Micro Business Category

Micro, small and medium scale industries are one of the pillars of the Indonesian economy. It is proven that during the pandemic, Indonesia can survive the threat of a recession in 2020, not spared from the contribution of the domestic consumption sector, by also taking advantage of the circular economy. Although the turnover of industries engaged in services has decreased, the company can use the pandemic period to increase the capacity of human resources. In the future when the economy improves, the company is ready to compete fairly in the market. Common problems faced by micro, small and medium scale industries are limited human resource capacity and lack of understanding of business fundamentals. This can be concluded from the stagnant performance of micro business. This research was conducted at Isnen Laboratorium. The purpose of this research is to improve business efficiency performance. At the end of the research period, it is hoped that there will be an overhaul of the 4 business pillars so that Isnen Lab will develop optimally.

Evaluation of Business Strategy and Performance in Chemical Companies in the Micro Business Category

Micro, small and medium scale industries are one of the pillars of the Indonesian economy. It is proven that during the pandemic, Indonesia can survive the threat of a recession in 2020, not spared from the contribution of the domestic consumption sector, by also taking advantage of the circular economy. Although the turnover of industries engaged in services has decreased, the company can use the pandemic period to increase the capacity of human resources. In the future when the economy improves, the company is ready to compete fairly in the market. Common problems faced by micro, small and medium scale industries are limited human resource capacity and lack of understanding of business fundamentals. This can be concluded from the stagnant performance of micro business. This research was conducted at Isnen Laboratorium. The purpose of this research is to improve business efficiency performance. At the end of the research period, it is hoped that there will be an overhaul of the 4 business pillars so that Isnen Lab will develop optimally.

Understanding COVID-19 Effects on Mobility: A Community-Engaged Approach

Abstract. Given aggregated mobile device data, the goal is to understand the impact of COVID-19 policy interventions on mobility. This problem is vital due to important societal use cases, such as safely reopening the economy. Challenges include understanding and interpreting questions of interest to policymakers, cross-jurisdictional variability in choice and time of interventions, the large data volume, and unknown sampling bias. The related work has explored the COVID-19 impact on travel distance, time spent at home, and the number of visitors at different points of interest. However, many policymakers are interested in long-duration visits to high-risk business categories and understanding the spatial selection bias to interpret summary reports. We provide an Entity Relationship diagram, system architecture, and implementation to support queries on long-duration visits in addition to fine resolution device count maps to understand spatial bias. We closely collaborated with policymakers to derive the system requirements and evaluate the system components, the summary reports, and visualizations.

Production profile and microbiological properties of locally produced pork sausage in the Philippines

This study evaluated the micro-enterprise production practices and microbiological properties of Philippine pork sausage. It was noted that most sausage manufacturers that fall under the said business category require workers to take a bath prior to operation and wear aprons while few require hand washing and use of hairnet and facemask. No one used hand gloves. Meat materials are sourced locally and undergo no washing prior to grinding which are mostly facilitated at room temperature. Only few of the respondents have designated processing area while others process in-store or at the back of their house. All the respondents use stainless steel mixing basin and manual stuffing with 46.67% using stainless steel table. Processors use hog casing and/or artificial edible casing. Results of the microbial analysis showed all sausage samples were beyond the limit for coliforms while only 26.77% were below the limit set for Escherichia coli. Salmonella had 93.33% incidence while all samples were tested positive for Staphylococcus aureus. Results showed that micro-enterprise production process of local pork sausage may compromise the safety of the consuming public and comprehensive evaluation by the local government unit is necessary to comply with the Philippine Food Safety Act of 2013.