Bus Terminals Research Articles

Optimization of HV electrode systems by neural networks using a new learning method

To avoid a large number of iterations, optimization of electrode shapes has been done by artificial neural networks (NN). Two practical examples have been considered, an axisymmetric single-phase GIS bus termination and an axisymmetric transformer shield ring. The shape of the electrodes has been taken as quarter-ellipse or half-ellipse because an ellipse has more flexibility than a circle. For NN, the so-called resilient propagation algorithm, learning faster than the standard back-propagation algorithm, has been employed. The training sets as well as the test sets of NN have been prepared by charge simulation method.

Micro standards: IEEE std P1394

Various standards organizations hope to provide a higher speed for the transmission of serial data. One attractive project, proposed IEEE Std P1394, particularly appeals to users because of its convenience and-since it requires fewer driven signals than parallel methods-its lower cost. This alternative transmits serial data with smaller cables and connectors and also applies to emerging plug-and-play standards. Since it assigns device addresses automatically and requires no bus termination, P1394 is much easier to use than several existing parallel data buses. P1394's serial bus supports low-cost desktop and mobile-computing applications. The inclusion of an isochronous data transfer mode makes P1394 especially attractive for use in consumer electronics as well as the more traditional computer environments. Isochronous means regular time measure. Thus, isochronous data transfers at regular time intervals, guaranteeing a latency period in the transfer. >

Air-conditioning and mechanical ventilation design for queuing enclosures in a bus terminus

Summaty Passengers have complained about poor air quality inside several semi-enclosed bus termini in Hong Kong, but analysis of measured contaminant concentrations revealed that the levels were rather low. This implies that 'poor' air quality may not be the only cause of such complaints - the thermal stress experienced by the passengers is likely to be a major factor. For sheltering passengers from the contaminated environment inside a bus terminus, and to provide an acceptable thermal environment, a fundamental solution is to provide air-conditioned queuing enclosures. The method for establishing appropriate indoor environmental design criteria and the ventilation and cooling requirements for queuing enclosures in a bus terminus are discussed. Energy expenditure for ventilating and air-conditioning the queuing enclosure is also considered.

When the game was Black and White: the illustrated history of the Negro Leagues

Before Jackie Robinson ever hit his first crisp line drive into the closely cropped grass of Brooklyn's Ebbets Field, the game of baseball was black and white. until 1947, major league baseball was as segregated as movie theatres, in the North and bus depots in the South, a national pastime and a national scandal. But the game's segregation did not stop black atheletes from playing baseball - and playing it with as much dazzle and aplomb as the greatest white stars. As this fascinating and richly illustrated book reveals, baseball as played by the giants of the Negro Leagues was a tremendously exciting game. Featuring an extensive collection of rare vintage photos, including pages from Satchel Paigne's personal scrapbook as well as a sampling of even rarer Negro League memorabilia, When the Game Was Black and White seeks to uncover the lost legacy of American sports history and American cultural history. These were the black knights of baseball, talented players and Hall-of-Famers like Paige, Josh Gibson, Cool Papa Bell, Pop Lloyd, Monte Irvin, and Judy Johnson.

Digital data transmission through power distribution networks

This paper deals with the problem of data transmission through power distribution networks for exploitation and control purposes. In the present approach, the distribution network is considered as a data bus and the transforming centers, equipped with supervisory elements, as data bus terminals. The communication channel is characterized by means of well-known communication theory tools and, finally, appropriate signal structures and the reception subsystem are discussed. Under the usual working conditions of such distribution networks, the system can be operated with misoperation probabilities around 10 −9.

Saskatoon Joins the Club, What I Learned from the Fringe

What can you learn when you go to a Fringe? Saskatoon held its first Fringe this year, joining the network, five days, five venues, 34 plays, on- and off-Broadway, from August 2-6. At the first play I went to, Emotional Baggage, I learned again that what happens in theatre is a guy comes on pretending he’s somebody else. Then he has to keep us interested for an hour. The story he tells is a story we already know – about a man who wants to escape, go to New York, but he’s too timid and repressed and only when he casts off his emotional baggage is he free to make his journey. It’s a psychological exorcism, the therapy story. It’s set at a bus depot we can name the Art Bus Depot, a place that only art can occupy, and presented in a style of silent comedy and with expressionist props: a skull, a cross, a mask. It’s a Fringe play, a three-suitcase, twelve-folding-chair set, and it’s a play created by a performer, with a maximum of mime and a minimum of words. It wouldn’t make much sense published. That’s a lot to learn from a one-hour play. You learn it in bits and pieces and only later organize it. Is this paragraph as far from experience as the Art Bus Depot is from a real one?

Some clinical approaches to the homeless mentally ill

Clinicians who work with homeless people are likely to encounter a very broad spectrum of mental disorders and residential patterns. As with any other patient population, the particulars of clinical interventions must be guided by the specific constellations of biological, psychological, and social needs. However, for individuals who not only suffer from serious psychiatric disorders, but are also homeless, effective approaches may require significant modifications of traditional techniques and changes in the prioritization, timing, and framing of specific interventions. In this article we will focus on people who are severely and persistently mentally ill and who have been sleeping for months or years in shelters or in public spaces such as parks, streets, and bus terminals.

A layer-3 conformance test method for HBS

A conformance test method for the HBS standard specification is reported. The extent of this research corresponds to layer 3 of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model. The devices to be tested are the home bus controller, network termination, and terminals. Test suites of respective devices are specified, together with 171 test cases relating to the layer 3 communication sequences and packet exchange. A test suite is specified for each test case, and a test scenario is automatically generated based on test data and test suite. A test system and test program were developed, and the effectiveness of this conformance test method was verified by conducting a simulation experiment. >

Black Humor

BLACK HUMOR / Kenneth Zamora Damacion Ten years, and still my younger brother laughs at his attempts at death, wanting at fourteen, the anonymity of Fresno, Bakersfield, San Bernardino, wanting memory to blur away as he stared out the bus window, wanting to foul and be fouled, to die among garden cUppings, leaves, rotting food, the morning tragedy headlined in the gazette of some rich neighborhood. Why five hundred mUes south, in San Diego? Walking away from the depot at 1st and Broadway, he downed aspirins and sleeping piUs, wandered through the warm, weU-groomed, palmUned streets. Amidst a world that was new, wondrous, could he still have wanted his death? Against a darkening violet dusk did he search for his last meal? Or rather, for a bin large enough to Ue inside—where he could imagine himself Ufted ceremoniously by the claws of the city sanitation truck as the dawn rose. Aspiring to anonymity, he found it, was foUed by it, as two cops picked him up, beUeving he was a runaway. He never bothered to tell them he was more important than that, as they returned him to the bus depot, made certain that he bought a ticket and boarded. StiU he would not give up desire. On the bus back north, he washed more piUs down with a soft drink, stuffed his ticket in the half-empty can, grinned at the thought that where he was going he had no use for it. Perhaps in Fresno, the driver nudged him awake, and he had to fish the ticket out, press the wet from it, and pass it to the driver who shook his head the whole time at this smart-ass kid. Somehow, my brother survived. I recaU the last scene in Midnight Cowboy, the tubercular 194 · The Missouri Review Ratso Rizzo complains of the cold and dies in the back of the bus. The cowboy holds him in his arms. But, this is my brother's movie, his memories that turn his mouth to smUe; I try to stay out of his telling of it. Kenneth Zamora Damacion The Missouri Review · 295 ...

Streamlining America: A Henry Ford Museum Exhibit ed. by Fannia Weingartner

174 Book Reviews TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE mine current historical understanding of the movement, and, as a re­ sult, we learn little that is new about such familiar figures as Elbert Hubbard or Gustav Stickley. But Boris provides a wealth of telling de­ tail about many less familiar persons, institutions, and issues, includ­ ing societies that provided public schools with “uplifting” (and, ironically, mass-produced) art reproductions, art potteries that sur­ vived economically only by introducing Taylorist efficiency mea­ sures, lacemaking establishments that self-consciously sought to preserve peasant crafts but paid lower piecework rates than the gar­ ment industry in general, and experimental agrarian guilds that devolved into fashionable summer art colonies. Although these numerous biographical sketches and institutional case studies tend to become predictable in format as the book proceeds, Boris ar­ ranges them according to an overall structure that leads the reader progressively through her argument. She concludes that, even if the American arts and crafts movement never truly understood or confronted the problems of labor in industrial capitalism and eventu­ ally stimulated an upper-class search for beauty through mass pro­ duction, the craftsman ideal continues to inspire individuals who are not even aware of its origins. Jeffrey L. Meikle Dr. Meikle is associate professor of American studies and art history at the Univer­ sity of Texas at Austin. He has written on American industrial design and is now at work on a cultural history of plastics in the United States. Streamlining America: A Henry Ford Museum Exhibit. Edited by Fannia Weingartner. Dearborn, Mich.: Henry Ford Museum and Green­ field Village, 1986. Pp. 100; illustrations, bibliography. $19.95+ $1.50 handling (paper). Although prepared in conjunction with a “Streamlining America” exhibit (reviewed earlier in this issue), this volume is much more than an exhibit catalog. The book develops interpretations of stream­ lining that are more comprehensive, critical, and sophisticated than the ones presented in the exhibit proper but at the same time pro­ vides the reader with a nice summary of the exhibit as well. It is a col­ lection of six profusely illustrated essays, which, Henry Ford Museum President Harold Skramstad, Jr., notes in his preface, “are somewhat divergent in their points of view.” In the introductory essay, “The Beginning of the Streamlined Dream,” John L. Wright argues that streamlining became a broad cul­ tural symbol of modernity and futurism during the mid-1930s. Sev­ eral important examples of streamlined design burst on the American scene in a brief period and had enormous influence—the Chrysler Airflow (1934), the Queen Mary (1934), the streamlined trains City of Salina and Zephyr, which appeared at the Chicago TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Book Reviews 175 World’s Fair in 1934, and, finally, the DC 3 (1935). The historic roots of streamlining are more clearly delineated in the essay than in the exhibit. Two essays that take the reader on a quick tour of the exhibit make up half of the volume—Jane N. Law’s “Designing the Dream” and Donna R. Braden’s “Selling the Dream and Buying the Dream.” They include about three-quarters of the book’s illustra­ tions (thirty-nine color and 100 black-and-white photographs). Law and Braden nicely summarize the major exhibit themes, while the il­ lustrations allow the reader to view a representative sample of the hundreds of artifacts and graphics in the exhibit. Richard J. S. Gutman’s essay, “Streamlining the Roadside,” consid­ ers one topic neglected in the exhibit—the effect of the streamlin­ ing movement on architecture. Gutman briefly considers gas stations, diners, bus terminals, and commercial storefronts as exam­ ples of streamlined buildings. In “The Modern Aesthetic in Form, Fashion, and Photography,” Nancy Villa Bryk shows how the stream­ lined ideal extended to women’s fashions in the 1930s. The in­ creased emphasis on form rather than on ornamentation or color encouraged fashion photographers to produce radically different im­ ages. The volume concludes with William S. Pretzer’s provocative essay, “The Ambiguities of Streamlining: Symbolism, Ideology, and Cultural Mediation.” The exhibit argues that the streamlining phe­ nomenon is best understood largely as a symbol of modernity, a means of revitalizing demand during the Great Depression, and an important element...

A quasi‐assignment algorithm for bus scheduling

AbstractA new and much faster algorithm is presented for the problem of assigning buses to a large number of short trips in an urban area. The trips are grouped into chains, beginning and ending at the same bus depot, and a vehicle is assigned to each one of them. Fleet size costs and dead heading time are to be minimized. This problem has been already formulated as a transportation problem and more recently, as an assignment model. However, some difficulties, such as the zero pivot phenomenon, rising in many practical cases drastically affected computing times required to obtain the optimal solution. This is overcome by an algorithm based on the hungarian method and making full use of the sparsity of the assignment matrix for the bus scheduling problem. Computational results comparing the different methods are given in the last section of the paper. Significant reductions in computing time are obtained for either real case applications or random generated test problems.

Community and Market in Contract Choice: The Jeepney in the Philippines

Previous articleNext article No AccessCommunity and Market in Contract Choice: The Jeepney in the PhilippinesKeijiro Otsuka, Masao Kikuchi, and Yujiro HayamiKeijiro Otsuka Search for more articles by this author , Masao Kikuchi Search for more articles by this author , and Yujiro Hayami Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Volume 34, Number 2Jan., 1986 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/451528 Views: 27Total views on this site Citations: 14Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1986 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:TARUN JAIN, ASHIMA SOOD How does relationship-based governance accommodate new entrants? Evidence from the cycle-rickshaw rental market, Journal of Institutional Economics 13, no.33 (Dec 2016): 673–697.https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137416000424Mohammad Ahanchian, Jose Bienvenido Manuel Biona Modeling rational, psychological, and social behavior toward diffusion of new technology using agent-based simulation: the case of the public utility jeepney (PUJ) fleet in Metro Manila, Adaptive Behavior 25, no.44 (Jul 2017): 165–183.https://doi.org/10.1177/1059712317716264Lawrence W.C. Lai, Mark Baker, Wilson W.S. Lu, Mark H. Chua, Daniel C.W. Ho, Stephen N.G. Davies Out of sight, out of mind: A comparative study of public bus terminals as civic spaces, Cities 43 (Mar 2015): 1–9.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2014.11.004Tarun Jain, Ashima Sood How does Relationship-Based Governance Accommodate New Entrants? Evidence from the Cycle Rickshaw Rental Market, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2012).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1586226Anna Sanina The marshrutka as a socio-cultural phenomenon of a Russian megacity, City, Culture and Society 2, no.44 (Dec 2011): 211–218.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2011.12.002Keijiro Otsuka, Kaliappa Kalirajan Community, Market and State in Development: An Introduction, (Jan 2010): 3–10.https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230295018_1D.C. Johnston These roads were made for walking? The nature and use of rural public transport services in Garut Regency, West Java, Indonesia, Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 28, no.22 (Jul 2007): 171–187.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9493.2007.00289.xJustin Yifu Lin, Jeffrey B. Nugent Chapter 38 Institutions and economic development, (Jan 1995): 2301–2370.https://doi.org/10.1016/S1573-4471(05)80010-5Bryan W. Husted Honor Among Thieves: A Transaction-Cost Interpretation of Corruption in Third World Countries, Business Ethics Quarterly 4, no.11 (Jan 2015): 17–27.https://doi.org/10.2307/3857556J.‐Ph. Platteau, J. Nugent Share contracts and their rationale: Lessons from marine fishing, Journal of Development Studies 28, no.33 (Apr 1992): 386–422.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220389208422239Keijiro Otsuka, Naoki Murakami Incentives and enforcement under contract: The Taxicab in Kyoto, Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 3, no.33 (Sep 1989): 231–249.https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-1583(89)90020-8Samar K. Datta, Jeffrey B. Nugent Transaction Cost Economics and Contractual Choice: Theory and Evidence* *The authors gratefully acknowledge the useful comments of Lee Alston, David Feeny, Bruce Herrick, Timur Kuran, Mustapha Nabli, Keijiro Otsuka, Jean-Philippe Platteau, Murray Wolfson and numerous participants of the University of Warwick's Seminar in Economic Development held in July 1986 on earlier versions of this paper., (Jan 1989): 34–79.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-87487-0.50011-6 Keijiro Otsuka , and Yujiro Hayami Theories of Share Tenancy: A Critical Survey, Economic Development and Cultural Change 37, no.11 (Oct 2015): 31–68.https://doi.org/10.1086/451707Keijiro Otsuka, Naoki Murakami RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND EFFICIENCY OF SHARECROPPING UNDER UNCERTAINTY, Asian Economic Journal 1, no.11 (Mar 1987): 125–145.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8381.1987.tb00038.x

Modernization and Rural Development Strategies: A Case Study of a South Indian Village

In 1950, the small market village of Narayanadevarakere in Karnataka state, India, was relocated because its site was to be submerged by the Tungabhadra Dam reservoir. The villagers were given the choice of moving to one of two villages: Mariyammanahalli or Hagaribommanahalli. The villagers were assured of a plot of land or a home at practically no cost irrespective of whether they had been owners or tenants previously, and they were given a small relocation allowance. Both villages were laid out in a rectangular grid system of streets, and the government prebuilt the minimum infrastructure: roads, minimum public sanitation and drainage, a market, and a bus terminus. The choice as to where the villagers were to go was entirely voluntary. During the past 30 years, with national and local planning and development, there have been significant economic and social changes in the village of Hagaribommanahalli. Some of the more important elements are several new factories and workshops, new enterprises, repair shops, a regulated market, banks, increased transport service, and new schools and hospitals. A new political administrative unit located its headquarters in this new village. It is presumed that all these improvements have increased its economic activity, provided more educational and health care opportunities, created new jobs and a happier life in general. This article focuses on the longitudinal process of the 30-year overall rural development of the

Transport terminal design and passenger orientation

The objective of the internal design of a transport terminal is to minimize the disorientation and confusion of a passenger as he arrives at the terminal and desires to move towards the destination without undue loss of time. The experience of India however shows that most of the rail, bus and air terminals leave much to be desired from the human orientation point of view. To measure the passenger orientation and to enable evaluation of the terminal design an easily tractable quantitative method has recently been evolved. This paper attempts to apply it to two rail terminals in Bombay and to compute some indices to serve as criteria for determining the level of service and suggest directions for improvement.

Pondering pandering

The purpose of this paper is to examine the pandering activities of pimps and to formulate a critique of the concept of pandering. First, popular perceptions of the phenomenon are described in terms of a case story. Information on preferred recruitment sites (e.g., bus terminals) and standard modes of operation (talk, drugs, and violence) is provided. Next, the results of two exploratory studies are reported. Police perspectives are revealed through a survey of Port Authority police officers. An attempt to generate pandering is carried out by means of participant observation. These studies yield contradictory information, and an attempt to institute a compromise moves the analysis to the question of control, specifically whether prostitutes are victims or volunteers. Upon analysis, the relationships that previously constituted the process of pandering and the activities that usually characterized the pimp's role are reversed. Finally, perspectives on the social construction of the pandering reality are summarized.

Personality Factors in Road Accidents

Present investigation attempts to isolate those personality factors which are predominent in accident-prone drivers. The study was conducted at the Passenger Bus Depot of the U.P. State Road Transport Corporation, Azamgarh. Hindi version of Cattell's 16 PF Test was used to assess the personality of these drivers. The study was conducted on a total sample of 40 drivers divided into two groups of 20 drivers in the each group. The first group included drivers with accident records (AG), and the second group included those driverss who were free from accidents (NAG). The accident group was further divided into two sub-groups, namely, multi-accident group (MAG) and single-accident group (SAG). There were 14 drivers in the SAG and 6 in the MAG.The results were analysed in terms of mean, S. D., and F-ratios. The findings of the study indicate that drivers involved in accidents are characterized by such personality traits as happygo-lucky, impulsive, gay, enthusiastic, shy, restrained, diffident, timid, tenderminded, dependent, overprotected, sensitive, apprehensive, worrying, depressive, throubled adequacy, anxiety and introversion. Those drivers who were free from accidents were found to be sober, prudent, serious, venturesome, socially bold, uninhibited, spontaneous, tough-minded, self-reliant, realistic, placid, confident, serence, adjusted and extravert.

Tree Planting in an Urbanizing South Africa / BOOMAANPLANTING IN VERSTEDELIKENDE SUID-AFRIKA

ABSTRACT The title of this paper might well read “Tree planting in an urbanizing and industrializing South Africa”, because in modern South Africa industry is prominent in the urban scene. The importance of trees in the urban landscape is stressed. Purposes for which trees are used in commercial, industrial and residential areas are listed. An account is given of tree planting in boulevards and avenues, state and civic centres, car parks, bus termini, recreational parks, botanical gardens and arboreta, zoological gardens, sports enclosures and children's playgrounds. The role of trees in industrial areas is discussed and the vegetating of mine dumps described. Passing reference is made to the uses of trees on the sea front. Tree planting for economic purposes by civic authorities is briefly touched upon. The value of trees in private gardens is underlined.

Evaluation of lead hazards from paints and pigments

Good quality ambient air is recognised as an important factor of social justice. In addition, providing access to high-capacity public transportation in big cities is known to be a good practice of social equity, as well as economic and environmental sustainability. However, the health risks associated with air pollution are not distributed equally across cities; the most vulnerable people are more exposed to ambient air as they commute to work and wait for buses or trains at the stations. The overall goal of this work was to assess the determinants of human exposure to particulate matter (PM) during commuting time spent inside bus terminals in the Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo (MASP), in Brazil. Fine and coarse particles were collected at four bus terminals in the MASP. The concentrations of PM and its harmful constituents (black carbon and metals) were used in order to estimate potential doses and the associated health risk during the time spent at bus terminals in the MASP. Our findings show that bus commuters travelling through the bus terminal in the MASP on weekdays inhaled up to 94% higher doses of PM10 than did those travelling outside the terminal; even on weekends, that difference was as high as 88%. Our risk assessment indicated that time spent inside a bus terminal can result in an intolerable health risk for commuters, mainly because of the Cr present in fine particles. Although bus commuters are exposed to fine particle concentrations up to 2 times lower than the worldwide average, we can affirm that inhalable particles in the MASP bus terminals pose a high carcinogenic risk to the daily users of those terminals, mainly those in the most susceptible groups, which include people with heart or lung disease, older adults and children.

Railroad Restaurants

When the engine's toot and the cars' clickety-clack pass into oblivion, what happens to the railroad pas senger station? Once a monument of civic pride, the impressive gateway to far-off places, the center of bustle when the rails sang and the train thundered in, the station becomes a ghostly reminder of another age. But not for long! Station sites are valuable, most have sizable park ing lots, and municipalities have insatiable appetites for taxes. Some become bus depots; others are con verted to office buildings, industrial plants, trucking warehouses, and even discotheques. Some are torn down to make way for new structures, or have new structures built above them like New York's Pan Am building and Madison Square Garden. In places where the station's design, location, and environment permit, a few are turned into successful restaurants. Two successful station-restaurant conversions and a boxcar night-spot are singled out for review in this article. Both stations were once thriving transport centers along the route of the Lehigh Valley Rail road — at Pittsford, near Rochester, N.Y., and at Ithaca, home of Cornell University.

Postictal Pulmonary Edema

IN 1908 Shanahan¹described acute pulmonary edema as a complication of convulsions in 11 epileptics. Two years later Ohlmacher²presented five similar cases. Since that time few reports on postictal pulmonary edema (PIPE) have appeared,^3-6only one⁶being in the English language. The purpose of this communication is to review the subject of PIPE and to present two illustrative cases. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1.</h3> —A 69-year-old Negro man was brought to the hospital on Sept 23, 1965, after having been found unconscious in a local bus depot. According to a friend the patient had experienced about one generalized epileptic seizure per month during the previous four years. Upon his arrival in the emergency room, the patient was oriented but lethargic. Minutes later he had a typical grand mal seizure which was witnessed by a physician. When the convulsion ended the patient was not in distress.