Experience Of Burnout Research Articles

Instructor-Student Communication about Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring Differences in Instructors’ Professional and Personal Outcomes

ABSTRACT This study sought to better understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college instructors’ professional and personal well-being. Specifically, this study explored whether new communicative roles emerged in instructor-student communication about mental health. Additionally, it investigated associations among instructors’ communicative roles and their experiences of burnout, teaching satisfaction, and mental health indicators (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress). Results of independent-samples t-tests (N = 140) suggest that instructors identifying as empathic listeners experience higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress than instructors identifying as a referral source for students expressing mental health concerns. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Burnout Among Respiratory Therapists Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Burnout is a major challenge in health care and is associated with poor overall well-being, increased medical errors, worse patient outcomes, and low job satisfaction. There is scant literature focused on the respiratory therapist's (RT) experience of burnout, and a thorough exploration of RTs' perception of factors associated with burnout has not been reported. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the factors associated with burnout as experienced by RTs amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We performed a post hoc, qualitative analysis of free-text responses from a survey of burnout prevalence in RTs. There were 1,114 total and 220 free-text responses. Five overarching themes emerged from the analysis: staffing, workload, physical/emotional consequences, lack of effective leadership, and lack of respect. Respondents discussed feelings of anxiety, depression, and compassion fatigue as well as concerns that lack of adequate staffing, high workload assignments, and inadequate support from leadership contributed to feelings of burnout. Specific instances of higher patient acuity, surge in critically ill patients, rapidly evolving changes in treatment recommendations, and minimal training and preparation for an extended scope of practice were reported as stressors that led to burnout. Some respondents stated that they felt a lack of respect for both the RT profession and the contribution of RTs to patient care. Themes associated with burnout in RTs included staffing, workload, physical and emotional exhaustion, lack of effective leadership, and lack of respect. These results provide potential targets for interventions to combat burnout among RTs.

Asian American Burnout Experiences in Local Government

How the Paradoxical Treatment of Asian Americans as Model Minorities and Perpetual Foreigners Shape Their Burnout Experiences in Local Government Abstract: Asian Americans are the fastest growing racial group in the United States. This trend signals a need for greater representation and retention of Asian American employees in local government to ensure this growing population is well-represented in bureaucratic decision-making processes and public service provisions. In our study, we examine burnout and emotional labor among Asian Americans in local government through a mixed-methods approach. Our sample consists of local government workers from a large and diverse county in California. We surveyed participants in 2018 and surveyed and interviewed a subset in 2020. We find that Asian Americans in the public sector are dealing with emotional stressors from multiple sides: internal expectations and collectivist values, external pressures from interpersonal relationships at work and from residents, and racialized collective trauma from the public display of anti-Asian acts that only heighten feelings of being perpetually foreign. The interaction of these stressors is leading Asian Americans in the public sector to experience burnout and its many dimensions in greater intensity than non-Asians employees in general.

The role of chronic physical illness and job dissatisfaction on burnout’s risk among medical interns in Oman: a study of prevalence and determinants

BackgroundMedical interns are at risk of burnout due to several organizational and individual factors. There is scarcity of studies exploring the role of chronic physical illness and job dissatisfaction on burnout experience among medical interns. This study examined the prevalence of burnout syndrome and explored whether chronic physical illness and job dissatisfaction could independently predict burnout syndrome among medical interns in Oman. This cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of medical interns enrolled in the Omani internship program. One-hundred and eighty interns participated in this study and filled in a self-reported questionnaire that included Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS), and data related to physical illness.ResultsThe prevalence of burnout syndrome was 15%. Having a physical illness (OR = 7.285, 95% CI = 1.976–26.857, P = 0.003) and job dissatisfaction (OR = 16.488, 95% CI = 5.371–50.614, P = 0.0001) was significant independent predictors of high levels of the EE subscale. In addition, having a physical illness (OR = 4.678, 95% CI = 1.498–14.608, P = 0.008) and being dissatisfied (OR = 2.900, 95% CI = 11.159–7.257, P = 0.023) were significant independent predictors of the high DP subscale. Having physical illness was independent predictors of the low personal accomplishment subscale (OR = 0.258, 95% CI = 0.088–0.759, P = 0.014).ConclusionsBurnout syndrome is prevalent among medical interns in Oman. Job dissatisfaction and chronic physical illness are risk factors for burnout syndrome. Internship programs should consider these factors when designing burnout mitigative strategies.

Why Employees Experience Burnout: An Explanation of Illegitimate Tasks

Among the many workplace stressors, a new type of stressor has been identified: illegitimate tasks. This newly identified type of stressor refers to work tasks that do not meet employee role expectations and constitute a violation of professional identity. To investigate illegitimate tasks’ mediating mechanisms and boundary conditions on job burnout, we examined a cross-level first-stage moderated mediation model with the collective climate as a moderator and psychological entitlement as a mediator. Grounded in the job demands–resources model (JD-R) and justice theory, the current study uniquely posits that illegitimate tasks can lead to burnout by way of psychological entitlement; however, this effect is less where collective climate is higher. Data were collected from 459 employees on 89 teams at enterprises in China. The results of the analysis, using HLM, MPLUS and SPSS revealed that illegitimate tasks stimulated employees’ psychological entitlement and led to job burnout. While employees’ psychological entitlement played a partially mediating role between illegitimate tasks and job burnout, a collective climate could weaken the stimulating effect of illegitimate tasks on employees’ psychological entitlement and then negatively affect the mediating effect of psychological entitlement between illegitimate tasks and burnout. The study reveals the antecedents of burnout from the perspective of job tasks and psychological entitlement, offers practical insight into the mechanism of illegitimate tasks on employee job burnout and recommends that organizations develop a collective climate to reduce employees’ psychological entitlement and job burnout for steady development of the enterprise.

From family incivility to satisfaction at work: role of burnout and psychological capital

PurposeBuilding on the work-home resources model and the conservation of resources (COR) theory, this study proposes and explores a moderated mediation model on the effect of doctor's family incivility and burnout on doctor's job satisfaction as a function of psychological capital (PsyCap) at dual stages.Design/methodology/approachThis study obtained data in two phases, using a time-lagged methodological design. The final sample comprised 324 emergency medicine doctors working in hospitals across India, and statistical analysis of the above-said relationships was carried out using PROCESS macro in SPSS 23.0.FindingsFindings indicate strong evidence supporting the mediation effect of burnout, which means doctors facing family incivility at home experienced burnout at work, which influences doctors' job satisfaction. Also, the indirect effect of family incivility on job satisfaction through burnout gets attenuated at both stages when emergency physicians possess high PsyCap.Practical implicationsThis study adds to the work-family literature by delving into the underlying mechanisms that link family incivility to various job outcomes. Despite procedural remedies, there remains a possibility of common method bias. Longitudinal research and validating the model across different samples are suggested.Originality/valueThis study expands the limited domain of knowledge on the work consequences of uncivil family behavior. This study is among the primary to empirically substantiate the long-term adverse consequences of family incivility as burnout. The implications of these findings for applications and applications' extension of the work-home resources model to the family domain are elaborated in detail.

Educators Experiences of Managing Workplace Stress and Burnout in a Post-Secondary Vocational Institution

The research title of this study is Educators Experiences of Managing Workplace Stress and Burnout in a Post-Secondary Vocational Institution. The research questions driving this study are what stressors do you encounter at your place of work and what coping mechanisms do you use to mitigate workplace stress. The methodology which was deemed most suitable to conduct this study is interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) (Smith 1990). A total of five lecturers from three different institutes were recruited purposively, and voluntarily, to sit for one individual, in-depth, and semi-structured interview. The data collected from the interviews was transcribed verbatim and analysed using the typical IPA analysis process. The two superordinate themes of stressors and coping mechanisms, together with their respective subthemes, were chosen as the most suitable to represent the participants experience.

Burnout Among Medical Staff 1 Year After the Beginning of the Major Public Health Emergency in Wuhan, China.

ObjectivesWuhan is the city where coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was first reported and developed into a pandemic. However, the impact of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic on medical staff burnout remains limited. We aimed to identify the prevalence and major determinants of burnout among medical staff 1 year after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in Wuhan, China.Materials and MethodsA total of 1,602 medical staff from three hospitals in Wuhan, China, were included from November 1–28, 2021. Chi-square tests were conducted to compare the prevalence of burnout across groups based on sociodemographic and professional characteristics. A multivariate analysis was performed using a forward stepwise logistic regression model.ResultsApproximately 37.39% of the medical staff experienced burnout 1 year after COVID-19 pandemic. Emotional exhaustion (EE) was the most common symptom of burnout, with 1,422 (88.76%) participants reporting a severe EE. Burnout was associated with insufficient social support and “neutral” or “dissatisfied” patient-physician relationships. Respondents who participated in the care of COVID-19 patients had a higher risk of burnout symptoms than those who did not participate. In particular, mental resilience was negatively associated with burnout among the medical staff.ConclusionNearly two-fifths of the participants had symptoms of burnout, with reduced personal accomplishment being the predominant symptom 1 year after COVID-19. Healthcare organizations should regularly measure and monitor burnout among the medical staff. In addition, creating positive work environments and improving the mental resilience of medical staff may be effective ways to reduce burnout.

Stress, cognitive appraisal, and burnout in social workers of residential child care

Stress and burnout are global epidemics that may cause negative consequences for workers and organizations. Social workers of residential child care are especially at risk, due to the inherent characteristics of their work. Subsequently, this study aimed to analyse these professional’s stress, cognitive appraisal, and burnout. The sample included 92 social workers (90.2% female and 9.8% male) with ages between 25 and 64 years old (M = 38.08; SD = 7.91). The evaluation protocol included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Stress Questionnaire for Health Professionals, the Primary and Secondary Cognitive Appraisal Scale, and the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results indicated that 58% of professionals assumed high levels of general stress, and that physical fatigue and cognitive weariness were the burnout dimensions with higher values. The combination of sociodemographic variables, stress factors and cognitive appraisal were important to explain the burnout experience and can contribute to design interventions directed to these professionals.

Assessing university students’ study-related burnout and academic well-being in digital learning environments

Previous research suggested a strong connection between students’ experiences of traditional learning environments and study-related burnout (Brown et al., 2012; Chen et al., 2017; Meriläinen, 2014; Kuittinen & Meriläinen, 2014). However, digital learning environments and how they can pedagogically support students’ well-being remain, in many respects, an unexplored area (Ruokamo et al., 2016; Lewin & Lundie, 2016). Moreover, pedagogical assessment, including how it can support students’ academic well-being, often lags behind the latest technological developments (Spector, 2014; Popenici & Kerr, 2017; Bates et al., 2020; Holmes et al., 2019; Luckin et al., 2016). This research systematically reviews the literature relevant to study-related burnout and academic well-being in digital learning environments. It is done by surveying articles published between 2012 and 2021. First, the findings suggest that there is a body of studies focusing on certain dimensions of study-related burnout. Second, students’ well-being in digital learning environments is less studied and relies mostly on emotional achievement theory and research on academic emotions. Finally, supporting students’ academic well-being through digital assessment is mostly enabled through formative assessment, but it is moving toward artificial intelligence and game-based assessment. Thus, more research is needed on the subject.

Protecting Family Physicians from Burnout: Meaningful Patient-Physician Relationships Are "More than Just Medicine".

Meaning in work has been identified as an important factor promoting physician resilience against burnout. However, research has only minimally explored meaningful patient-physician relationships in relation to physician burnout, and has largely focused on patient perspectives. To address this knowledge gap, this study explored the elements of relationships with patients that physicians find meaningful, as well as physicians' perceptions of how those relationships influence experiences of burnout. In this qualitative study, 20 family medicine physicians recruited via convenience and snowball sampling participated in semistructured interviews. The research team then engaged in an iterative process of thematic analysis. 5 main themes emerged in participants' descriptions of meaningful relationships with their patients: Patient-centered care, continuity, effective care, trust, and purpose and mission. Participants described meaningful relationships as situated within a professional mission to connect with patients and make a difference in their lives. Meaning in these relationships centered around a trusting therapeutic relationship formed through continuity, person-centered care, and effective care. Participants strongly felt that meaningful relationships with patients are protective against burnout. Though many burnout interventions have targeted change at the individual (physician) level, a growing amount of evidence points to the need for change at the health system level. The findings of this study suggest that system-level interventions aimed at enhancing and prioritizing physicians' experiences of continuity and connection with their patients may be particularly impactful in efforts to reduce and prevent burnout.

The Burden of Leadership: a Survey of Burnout Experiences Among Psychiatry Program Directors.

The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of burnout, specify contributors to and protective factors against burnout, and gather suggestions to improve well-being in psychiatry Program Directors. A survey regarding burnout and wellness was distributed to psychiatric Program Directors through the email listserv of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training (AADPRT). The survey response rate was 273 responses out of 880 members surveyed (31%). The majority of respondents were current residency or fellowship Program Directors or Associate Program Directors or had another current educational role (93%, 227/245). Almost half of current Program Directors or Associate Program Directors reported feeling burned out almost daily or once a week (44%, 93/210). These Program Directors reported a desire to resign (77%), experienced discrimination within the past 5 years (66%), and struggled with finding meaning in their job (44%). The most frequently endorsed contributors to burnout were increasing administrative burden and insufficient support. The survey findings confirm that burnout characteristics are common among respondents, associated with a desire to resign and a struggle to find meaning in the highly demanding position of Program Director or Associate Program Director. Advocacy for resources, decreased administrative overload, and increased protected time would enhance well-being in Program Directors. Most striking was the frequency of discrimination reported and its relationship to burnout. Departments may benefit from a careful review of policies, procedures, and training to decrease hostile workplaces for women, international medical graduate, and under-represented in medicine Program Directors.

A qualitative assessment of dental hygiene educators' COVID-19 related burnout.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to elicit ideas or concerns influencing dental hygiene educators’ experiences of personal and professional burnout, burnout working with students, and teaching efficacy in an online/hybrid environment as a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsA qualitative, content‐analysis study included a convenience sample of dental hygiene educators emails. An invitation to participate in an August 2021 or October 2021 focus group was sent via Qualtricsxm with informed consent, and focus groups were held over Zoom. Conversations were audio recorded, transcribed, and de‐identified. Consensus on a codebook by two coders achieved an 88% agreement.ResultsFifty‐three were invited to the August 2021 focus groups for a 26% (n = 14) response rate, and 116 were invited to the October 2021 focus groups for an 11% (n = 13) response rate. Contributing factors to experiences of burnout expressed were: (1) work–life balance (n = 59), including (a) overwork, (b) pressure to be available, and (c) lack of boundaries; (2) change (n = 34) involving (a) developing new protocols, (b) constant uncertainty, (c) COVID‐19 requirements, and (d) new platforms; and (3) negative interactions (n = 32) with (a) students and (b) faculty.ConclusionA lack of work–life balance from overwork, pressure to be available at all times, no boundaries with students, and an absence of a sense of connection for workplace vitality were contributors to burnout. Work‐from‐home flexibility, a work environment that supported wellness and mental well‐being, and the ability to leave the workplace for periods of time were reported as helpful solutions to combatting burnout.

Psychologists’ engagement in reflective practice and experiences of burnout: a correlational analysis

ABSTRACT Psychologists are prone to experiences of burnout due to the nature of their work. They are encouraged to engage in reflective practice for gaining self-awareness, such as when their psychological wellbeing is having an impact on their ability to effectively work with clients. This study was the first to investigate the relationships between psychologists’ burnout levels and reflective practices. Psychologists from Australia (n = 110) and other countries (n = 10) completed the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI), Reflective Practice Questionnaire (RPQ), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale – Short Form (DASS-21) in an online survey. The correlations between the CBI and RPQ scales were examined. Pre-liminary screening revealed the general mental health of the sample was normal. Two of the 10 RPQ domains were correlated with personal-, work-, and/or client-related burnout: Stress Interacting with Clients and Job Satisfaction. This study illuminated the importance of adequate supervision for psychologists to support their ability to manage their workloads, and wellbeing in the workplace. Person-centered and systemic approaches for addressing RP and burnout in the field of psychology are critical.

Burnout syndrome among healthcare workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Accra, Ghana.

The emergence of the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has increased the workload of health workers particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa predisposing them to extra job-related stress and its associated job-related burnout. Burnout reduces the number, distribution and productivity of health workers. This study sought to determine personal and job-related characteristics of health workers in Accra, Ghana that influenced their experience of burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,264 health workers recruited from three public hospitals in Accra, Ghana between March to November, 2020. The participants were recruited using a proportionate stratified sampling technique and completed a pre-tested questionnaire that collected information on socio-demographic and job-related factors. Also, the questionnaire assessed participants' level of resilience and job-related burnout. Pearson's chi-square test was used to determine the association between burnout and the socio-demographic as well as job-related factors. However, for variables with observations less than six, a Fisher's exact test, was used to determine the associations. After the binary analysis, multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine the strength of association between the socio-demographic as well as job-related factors and burnout. Data analyses were conducted at a significant level (alpha 0.05) and power of 95% confidence with the aid of Stata 15.0. The prevalence of burnout among the participants was 20.57% with non-clinicians displaying higher burnout compared to clinicians (26.74&% v 15.64%, p< 0.001). Health workers with 1-5 years working experience were 26.81 more likely to experience burnout (AOR = 26.81, CI = 6.37-112.9). Night shifts defined as shifts between 8:00pm to 8:00am was associated with the 1.86 odds of experiencing burnout (OR = 1.86; 95% CI: 1.33-2.61; p<0.001). Also, participants of the primary level facility were 3.91 times more likely (AOR = 3.91, 95% CI = 2.39-6.41) to experience burnout on the job. Similarly, participants with additional jobs were 1.14 times more likely (AOR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.75-1.74) to experience burnout. In addition, participants harboring intentions of leaving their current jobs were 4.61 times more likely (AOR = 4.61, 95% CI = 2.73-7.78) to experience burnout. Furthermore, participants with perceived high workload were 2.38 times more likely (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.40-4.05) to experience burnt-out on the job. There is high prevalence of burnout among health workers in Accra particularly during the onslaught of the COVID-19 pandemic. Working on night shifts and at the primary level of healthcare is significantly associated with increased odds of experiencing burnout.We recommend shift rotation for staff and adequate resource provision for primary level hospitals. The high burnout in this study could be influenced by other factors such as the grief caused by multiple losses and also the limited supportive resources for health workers.

Nurses' Ethical Obligations Toward Unvaccinated Individuals.

Nurses' Ethical Obligations Toward Unvaccinated Individuals.

The Importance of Effective Organizational Socialization for Preventing Stress, Strain, and Early Career Burnout: An Intensive Longitudinal Study of New Professionals.

Burnout was originally conceptualized based on experiences of new professionals. Role clarity, task mastery, and social acceptance are recognized as key resources enabling new professionals’ management of the challenges of the new profession. However, relations between these resources and stress, strain, and burnout have not yet been thoroughly investigated at professional entry. Increased understanding of these relations could have implications for strategies to prevent burnout. The aim of the study was to investigate within- and between-individual effects over the first months and relations to burnout at one-year post-entry. Data (n = 322) was collected weekly over the first 13 weeks and again 9 months later. Relationships were modelled using a multilevel regression model and correlation analysis. Results showed that on weeks when participants experienced higher role clarity, task mastery, and social acceptance, they reported significantly less stress, and that participants who experienced higher levels of the resources in general, reported significantly less strain. Levels of the resources at three months were related to symptoms of burnout at 12 months. The study findings provide support of the role of task mastery, role clarity, and social acceptance as resources buffering the impact of demands at professional entry on experiences of stress, strain, and burnout.

Factors Associated With a Positive View of Respiratory Care Leadership.

Burnout within health care is prevalent, and its effects are detrimental to patient outcomes, organizations, and individuals. Effects stemming from burnout include anxiety, depression, excessive alcohol and drug use, cardiovascular problems, time off work, and worse patient outcomes. Published data have suggested up to 50% of health care workers experience burnout and 79% of respiratory therapists (RTs) experience burnout. Leadership has been cited as a key driver of burnout among RTs. We aimed to identify factors associated with a positive or negative leadership perception. A post hoc analysis of an institutional review board-approved survey to evaluate RT burnout, administered via REDCap by convenience sample to 26 health care centers (3,124 potential respondents) from January 17-March 15, 2021, was performed to identify factors associated with a positive view of leadership. Survey questions included validated tools to measure leadership, burnout, staffing, COVID-19 exposure, and demographics. Data analysis was descriptive, and logistic regression was performed to evaluate factors associated with leadership perception. Of 1,080 respondents, 710 (66%) had a positive view of leadership. Univariate analysis revealed those with a positive view of leadership were more likely to be working with adequate staffing, were rarely unable to complete all work, were less likely to be burned out, disagreed that people in this work environment were burned out, were less likely to miss work for any reason, more likely to be in a leadership position, worked fewer hours in intensive care, worked in a center affiliated with a medical school, worked day shift, were less likely to care for adult patients, and were more likely to be male. Logistic regression revealed providing care to patients with COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 5.8-10.5, P < .001-.006) was the only factor associated with a positive view of leadership, whereas working without adequate staffing (OR 0.27-0.28, P = .002-.006), staff RTs (OR 0.33, P < .001), work environment (OR 0.42, P = .003), missing work for any reason (OR 0.69, P = .003), and burnout score (OR 0.98, P < .001) were associated with a negative view of leadership. Most RTs had a positive view of their leadership. A negative leadership score was associated with higher burnout and missing work. This relationship requires further investigation to evaluate if changes in leadership practices can improve employee well-being and reduce burnout.

Work coping, stress appraisal, and psychological resilience: Reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic among health care providers.

Objective: This study examined the relationship between perceived stress appraisals and coping style during the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting distress reaction and effects on work engagement. Method: The sample (N = 423) was 78.6% female with average age and education of 38.5 and 18.4 years, respectively. Most respondents reported working in psychology/neuropsychology (31.7%) and rehabilitation/other therapies (29.7%). Surveys were distributed via Qualtrics among health care providers via listservs and referral emails from medical providers. Measures included: the Brief COPE Inventory, Work and Well Being Survey (UWES), Stress Appraisal Measure (SAM), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7), and the Screening Tool for Psychological Distress (STOP-D). Results: Health care workers endorsing problem-focused coping styles had lower levels of perceived threat and higher levels of perceived control in their response to the pandemic. Problem-focused coping was negatively associated with anxiety and depression in reaction to the pandemic when compared with health care workers who endorsed an emotion-focused coping style. Higher stress appraisal in response to perceived threat from the pandemic was not associated with lower work engagement or enthusiasm. Conclusions: Findings support the impact of coping style on psychological distress and work engagement during pandemic, with implications that these factors may be important considerations for mitigation of distress and burnout for health care workers during times of high stress. Initiatives to improve resiliency and wellness in health care workers may examine modifiable interventions for coping style. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement This study suggests that, among health care workers, using a problem focused coping style in response to COVID-19 pandemic stress mitigates experience of psychological distress and burnout. Initiatives that focus on modifiable interventions for coping styles may improve wellness in health care workers during environments of high stress, such as a chronic pandemic state. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

The impact of death and dying on the personhood of senior nurses at the National Cancer Centre Singapore (NCCS): a qualitative study

BackgroundA nurse’s role in caring for the dying is fraught with ethical, professional, and psychosocial challenges that impact how they perceive their roles as professionals. When unsupported, nurses caring for the dying experience burnout, career dissatisfaction and leave the profession. Better understanding of how caring for the dying affects the professional identity formation (PIF) of nurses will guide efforts to better support nurses.MethodsGuided by new data on the subject, we adopt the theoretical lens of the Ring Theory of Personhood (RToP) to evaluate how caring for the dying impacts the values, beliefs, principles, professional identities and personhood of nurses. We employ Krishna’s Systematic Evidence-Based Approach (SEBA) to guide the design and piloting of the semi-structured interview tool.ResultsAnalysis of interviews with eight senior nurses in Supportive, Palliative and Oncology care revealed three domains: Identity 1) Formation; 2) Conflict and 3) Refinement. Identity Formation occurs early in a nurse’s career, upon entering a new specialist field, and at the start of Supportive, Palliative and Oncology care. Identity Formation reveals significant changes to how self-concepts of professional identities are tied to individual concepts of personhood. Caring for the dying, however, resulted in Conflicts between values, beliefs, and principles within regnant concepts of personhood and their professional duties. These conflicts are captured as conflicts within (‘disharmony’) and/or between (‘dyssynchrony’) the rings of the RToP. These conflicts can result in changes to self-concepts of personhood and professional identities. Identity Refinement sees experience and timely support helping nurses attenuate the impact of difficult experiences. This reduces the risk of burnout and mitigates changes to their professional identities. Identity Refinement helps them develop a ‘rooted identity’ which remains relatively consistent in the face of adversity.ConclusionsOngoing Identity Construction amongst nurses, particularly in caring for the dying, underscore the host organisation’s role in ensuring structured, longitudinal, accessible, and personalised assessments and support of nurses, especially when they are prone to dyssynchrony and disharmony whilst caring for the terminally ill. Further study into assessment methods and the role of the environment is critical.