Differences In Burnout Research Articles

Age and sex differences in burnout, career satisfaction, and well-being in US neurologists.

To examine age and sex differences in burnout, career satisfaction, and well-being in US neurologists. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of men's (n = 1,091) and women's (n = 580) responses to a 2016 survey of US neurologists. Emotional exhaustion in neurologists initially increased with age, then started to decrease as neurologists got older. Depersonalization decreased as neurologists got older. Fatigue and overall quality of life in neurologists initially worsened with age, then started to improve as neurologists got older. More women (64.6%) than men (57.8%) met burnout criteria on univariate analysis. Women respondents were younger and more likely to work in academic and employed positions. Sex was not an independent predictive factor of burnout, fatigue, or overall quality of life after controlling for age. In both men and women, greater autonomy, meaning in work, reasonable amount of clerical tasks, and having effective support staff were associated with lower burnout risk. More hours worked, more nights on call, higher outpatient volume, and higher percent of time in clinical practice were associated with higher burnout risk. For women, greater number of weekends doing hospital rounds was associated with higher burnout risk. Women neurologists made proportionately more negative comments than men regarding workload, work-life balance, leadership and deterioration of professionalism, and demands of productivity eroding the academic mission. We identified differences in burnout, career satisfaction, and well-being in neurologists by age and sex. This may aid in developing strategies to prevent and mitigate burnout and promote professional fulfillment for different demographic subgroups of neurologists.

Burnout, perceived stress, and empathic concern: differences in female and male Millennial medical students

ABSTRACTThe ‘Millennial’ generation faces medical education learning environment challenges differently. We explore gender differences in burnout, perceived stress, and empathic concern in third-year medical students. A sample size of 654 third-year medical students completed an annual survey over 6 years. Survey items included: the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Scale (MBI-SS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). We examined demographic differences using independent sample t-tests and performed a two-way ANOVA to test for potential interactions. Female students were more likely to have higher empathic concern compared to male students (IRI) (20.9±3.9 versus 19.1±4.1, p<0.001), and reported more personal distress (IRI) (9.0±4.4 versus 7.6±3.8, p<0.001), emotional exhaustion (MBI-SS) (15.6±5.9 versus 14.4±5.9, P<0.013), and perceived stress (PSS) (17.3±6.1 versus 15.2±6.7, p<0.001). Male students were more likely to have cynicism (MBI-SS) and lower professional efficacy (MBI-SS) scores. Results of multivariate analyses yielded no significant interactions between gender, age, and ethnicity. Self-reported experiences of burnout and stress differed in male and female third-year medical students. Burnout and perceived stress scores while statistically significant were small. These findings suggest that support services should be made broadly available to all medical students, but should be targeted to the specific needs of male and female students.

Pengaruh Role Stressor Terhadap Burnout dan Perbedaan Burnout Berdasarkan Gender: Studi Empiris pada Mahasiswa

This study aims to provide empirical evidence about the positive effects of role stressors on burnout. Role stressor consists of role conflict, role ambiguity, and role overload. This study also wants to prove the difference level of burnout based on gender. The research data is the primary data that are obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to the respondents. The respondents were selected by using purposive sampling method. The specified criteria are as follows: last year students from undergradate accounting program at a private university in Tangerang. Hypothesis testing using multiple regression test and independent sample t test. The results revealed that role ambiguity and role overload have positive effect on burnout meanwhile role conflict has no effect on burnout. Differences in burnout based on gender can not be proven through the results of this study. Keywords: Role Stressor, Burnout, Gender

Burnout and study engagement among medical students at Sun Yat-sen University, China: A cross-sectional study.

This study aims to investigate burnout and study engagement among medical students at Sun Yat-sen University, China.A cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate medical students of Sun Yat-sen University, China. A total of 453 undergraduate students completed a self-administered, structured questionnaire between January and February, 2016. Burnout and study engagement were measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) and the UTRECHT Work Engagement Scale-Students (UWES-S), respectively. Subjects who scored high in emotional exhaustion subscale, high in cynicism subscale, and low in professional efficacy subscale simultaneously were graded as having high risk of burnout. Independent sample t tests and chi-square tests were used to compare the differences in burnout and work engagement between genders, majors, and grade levels.The means (standard deviations) of the MBI-SS subscales were 3.42 (1.45) for emotional exhaustion, 2.34 (1.64) for cynicism, and 3.04 (1.30) for professional efficacy. The means (standard deviations) of the UWES-S subscales were 3.13 (1.49) for vigor, 3.44 (1.47) for dedication and 3.00 (1.51) for absorption. Approximately 1 in 11 students experienced a high risk of burnout. There were no statistically significant gender differences in burnout and study engagement. There were also no statistically significant differences in burnout and study engagement subscales according to student major. Students in higher grades displayed increased burnout risk, higher mean burnout subscale score of cynicism, lower mean burnout subscale score of professional efficacy, and decreased mean study engagement subscale scores of dedication and absorption. There were strong correlations within study engagement subscales.Chinese medical students in this university experience a high level of burnout. Students at higher-grade level experience more burnout and decreased study engagement compared with students in lower level.

Burnout and posttraumatic stress in paediatric critical care personnel: Prediction from resilience and coping styles

IntroductionOur aims were (1) to explore the prevalence of burnout syndrome (BOS) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a sample of Spanish staff working in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and compare these rates with a sample of general paediatric staff and (2) to explore how resilience, coping strategies, and professional and demographic variables influence BOS and PTSD. Materials and MethodsThis is a multicentre, cross-sectional study. Data were collected in the PICU and in other paediatric wards of nine hospitals. Participants consisted of 298 PICU staff members (57 physicians, 177 nurses, and 64 nursing assistants) and 189 professionals working in non-critical paediatric units (53 physicians, 104 nurses, and 32 nursing assistants). They completed the Brief Resilience Scale, the Coping Strategies Questionnaire for healthcare providers, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Trauma Screening Questionnaire. ResultsFifty-six percent of PICU working staff reported burnout in at least one dimension (36.20% scored over the cut-off for emotional exhaustion, 27.20% for depersonalisation, and 20.10% for low personal accomplishment), and 20.1% reported PTSD. There were no differences in burnout and PTSD scores between PICU and non-PICU staff members, either among physicians, nurses, or nursing assistants. Higher burnout and PTSD rates emerged after the death of a child and/or conflicts with patients/families or colleagues. Around 30% of the variance in BOS and PTSD is predicted by a frequent usage of the emotion-focused coping style and an infrequent usage of the problem-focused coping style. Discussion and ConclusionsInterventions to prevent and treat distress among paediatric staff members are needed and should be focused on: (i) promoting active emotional processing of traumatic events and encouraging positive thinking; (ii) developing a sense of detached concern; (iii) improving the ability to solve interpersonal conflicts, and (iv) providing adequate training in end-of-life care.

Emergency Medicine Trainee Burnout Is Associated With Lower Patients' Satisfaction With Their Emergency Department Care.

Emergency medicine (EM) physicians and trainees report high levels of burnout. Burnout negatively impacts physician well-being and career satisfaction but it remains unclear how burnout may influence patient care. We examined the degree to which EM trainee burnout at one institution was associated with patients' satisfaction with their emergency department (ED) care. In this cross-sectional, pilot study conducted at a single institution, we measured EM trainee burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory through a confidential, electronic survey. We subsequently linked individual trainee burnout results with their individual Press Ganey (PG) ED patient satisfaction scores. We compared burnout scores across sex and postgraduate year using chi-square tests and PG results via analysis of variance. Twenty-seven of 53 (50.9%) eligible EM trainees completed the burnout assessment. Trainees reported an overall burnout rate of 77.8% (95% confidence interval = 59.2%-89.4%). There were no significant differences in burnout based on sex (p = 0.888) or postgraduate year (p = 0.671). Trainee burnout was significantly associated with lower trainee-specific PG scores, including patient ratings of resident physician courtesy (p = 0.011), taking the time to listen (p = 0.004), keeping informed of treatment (p = 0.014), and concern for patient comfort (p = 0.006). There was no significant association between trainee burnout and patients' overall likelihood to recommend the ED to others (p = 0.364). Emergency medicine trainee burnout is associated with lower trainee-specific PG ED patient satisfaction scores across all four physician domains. In addition to its detrimental impact on physician wellness, burnout may play a significant adverse role in patients' perceptions of their ED providers' interpersonal and communication skills.

Burnout y engagement en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud

Con frecuencia, los estudiantes se ven inmersos en situaciones, actividades y eventos académicos que generan estrés y ansiedad El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el nivel de burnout y engagement en estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud, así como la salud percibida en estos. Igualmente, dada la importancia de la Inteligencia Emocional en la prevención del desarrollo de burnout, el segundo objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la existencia de diferencias en función de la titulación, con respecto a los factores de la Inteligencia Emocional (interpersonal, intrapersonal, manejo del estrés, adaptabilidad y estado de ánimo). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 63 alumnos que cursaban titulaciones superiores de ciencias de la salud, a los que se les administró un cuestionario ad hoc, la versión para estudiantes del Maslach Burnout Inventory y la Escala de Bienestar en el Contexto Académico. De acuerdo a los resultados, no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas en Burnout y Engagement entre los estudiantes universitarios de enfermería y los jóvenes que cursan formación profesional de Técnico de Cuidados Auxiliares de Enfermería. Igualmente, se halló que los jóvenes que sienten realizar de manera adecuada sus tareas y ser competentes en sus estudios presentan una autoeficacia más alta y una mayor dedicación hacia estos. A la par, la dedicación hacia los estudios mostró estar relacionada con la salud percibida. Por último, se halló la existencia de diferencias significativas entre los estudiantes de enfermería y de TCAE en el factor Intrapersonal. De manera que fueron los estudiantes de TCAE quienes mostraron una inteligencia emocional intrapersonal más alta.

EFL Students’ Burnout in English Learning: A Case Study of Chinese Middle School Students

This paper aims to explore the English learningburnout of Chinese middle school students to provide solutions to reduce it. Foreign Language Classroom Burnout Scale (FLCBS) is used to make an investigation into 212 middle school students of different grades in No. 10 Middle School in Xi’an city in China. After both qualitative and quantitative analyses of data collected from the questionnaires, it finds out that: 1) a medium level of English learning burnout exists in the students of No.10 Middle School (M=53.80). 2) In terms of grade, three grades have no statistically significant differences in burnout (p=0.377&gt;0.05). 3) As for gender, there is statistically significant difference (p=0.001&lt;0.05). The male’s total burnout is higher than the female’s, especially in Low Efficiency (p=0.006&lt;0.05). 4) There is statistically significant difference in English learning burnout between different majors (p=0.001&lt;0.05). The learning burnout of science students is higher than that of art students, especially in Depletion and Low Efficiency. Based on the research findings, it puts out such suggestions for teachers to lower down students’ English learning burnout as building up students’ confidence, adopting new teaching methods, and improving the relationship between teacher and students.

A preliminary comparison study of burnout and engagement in performance students in Australia, Poland and the UK

While there is a growing body of research concerning the well-being of music students, burnout and engagement remain largely unexplored. Likewise, cross-national variations in approaches to music education, and different educational experiences of men and women may influence burnout and engagement. This preliminary study aimed to inform further research by establishing the levels of, and exploring cross-national and sex differences in burnout and engagement in music performance students at conservatoires in Australia, Poland and the UK ( n = 331). Self-reported levels of burnout were, typically, low to moderate. Nevertheless, one in ten students reported symptoms such that they could be classified as burned out. Australian and UK students displayed more burnout than students in Poland, although Australian students reported lower levels of reduced sense of accomplishment than Polish and UK students. Self-reported engagement was, typically, moderate to high. Students in Poland reported higher levels of engagement than those in the UK. Women displayed higher levels of global burnout and emotional/physical exhaustion, while men reported lower levels of reduced sense of accomplishment. Further research on burnout and engagement could build on this investigation to gain a better understanding of their impact and the influence of the educational experience on students’ music-related well-being.

Perfectionism, coping, and burnout among intercollegiate varsity athletes: A person-oriented investigation of group differences and mediation

ObjectivesThe current study examined whether athletes, classified according to their perfectionism profile, differed across burnout and coping function and whether differences in burnout were mediated by coping. DesignCross-sectional. MethodAmerican intercollegiate varsity athletes (N = 173; 50% female; M age = 19.83 years) completed measures assessing their perfectionistic tendencies towards sport, their perceptions of burnout, and the function of their coping efforts in sport. Latent profile analysis followed by the three-step method (Asparouhov & Muthén, 2014) was used to classify participants according to their perfectionistic tendencies and to identify class differences in burnout and coping. Regression analyses were used to test whether coping function mediated class differences in burnout. ResultsA 3-class model was adopted that classified participants into mixed perfectionists, pure personal standards perfectionists, and nonperfectionists as defined in the 2 × 2 model (Gaudreau & Thompson, 2010). Mixed perfectionists showed the highest levels of athlete burnout and reported using avoidant coping to a greater extent and emotion-focused coping to a lesser extent, than pure personal standards perfectionists. Despite these differences, coping function was not identified as a mediator of class differences in burnout. ConclusionsThe distinction between mixed perfectionists, pure personal standards perfectionists, and nonperfectionists appears to be useful for the classification of perfectionistic orientations endorsed by North American high-performance athletes. Whereas mixed perfectionists appear to be the most susceptible to athlete burnout, the function of their coping efforts in sport was not identified as a mechanism behind this characteristic.

Gender Differences in Medical Students' Experience of Burnout, Perceived Stress, and Empathic Concern

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the differences in burnout, empathy, and perceived stress between genders in 3rd-year medical students. METHODS: This is an IRB-approved, cross-sectional study of 657 3rd-year medical students who attended medical school from 2008 to 2014. Students responded to a Learning Environment Student Survey which included the Maslach Burnout Inventory- Student Scale (MBI-SS), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) items. These primary outcomes were compared between gender with independent sample t tests. Secondary outcomes, including the MBI-SS subscales of emotional exhaustion, professional efficacy, and cynicism; IRI subscales of fantasy, perspective taking, and empathic concern; and personal distress were evaluated with equal variances using Levene's Test for Equality of Variances. Multivariate analysis with two-way ANOVA was also performed. RESULTS: Females were more likely to have higher (IRI) empathic concern (21.0±3.9 versus 19.1±4.1, P&lt;.001), but reported more (IRI) personal distress (8.9±4.3 versus 7.6±3.8, P&lt;.001), (MBI-SS) emotional exhaustion (15.3±5.8 versus 14.4±5.9, P&lt;.05), and (PSS) perceived stress (17.1±6.2 versus 15.2±6.6, P&lt;.001). Males were more likely to have (MBI-SS) cynicism (8.6±4.9 versus 7.7±4.4, P=.03) and lower (MBI-SS) professional efficacy (11.5±4.9 versus 12.4±4.9, P=.03). No interactions between age, ethnicity, or gender were found on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: Although male and female 3rd-year medical students experience burnout, empathy, and perceived stress in a statistically different fashion, the measures between the groups were similar. Medical student support program design does not need to be redesigned based on gender.

The Impact of a Required Longitudinal Stress Management and Resilience Training Course for First-Year Medical Students.

Although psychological distress is common among medical students, little remains known about effective interventions. One promising individual-focused approach is mindfulness-based stress management interventions; however, studies to date have relied on volunteers. To determine whether a required longitudinal stress management and resilience course improves well-being among first-year medical students. A quasi-experimental study. Two cohorts of medical students who participated in a required stress management and resilience course and completed pre and post questionnaires. Validated instruments were used to examine the effects on burnout, quality of life (QOL), stress, resilience, happiness, and empathy. Paired analysis was conducted to explore changes from baseline. On paired analysis of individual students, mean mental QOL and happiness declined (mental QOL: -5.63 [P<0.001] and -5.15 [P=0.015] and happiness: -0.31 [P=0.02] and -0.4 [P=0.01], cohorts 1 and 2, respectively) over the course of the year. Similarly, stress scores increased by 4.22 (P<0.0001) and 3.62 (P=0.03) in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. Cognitive and emotive empathy declined in both cohorts but was only statistically significant for cohort 1 (-1.64 and -2.07, P<0.01). No statistically significant differences in burnout or resilience were seen. The required longitudinal mindfulness-based stress management course tested in first-year medical students did not lead to measurable improvements in medical student well-being or empathy. These findings contrast with those of studies using volunteer medical students or physicians, which suggested a reduction in burnout and stress using a similar curriculum. Medical schools should consider offering a variety of effective options so that students can select activities they want to engage in.

Work-Related Psychological Wellbeing: Testing the Balanced Affect Model among Anglican Clergy

Poor work-related psychological health and professional burnout remain issues of concern among clergy across denominations and across cultures. Maslach’s three-component model of burnout remains the most frequently employed conceptualization and measure in clergy research. Maslach proposes a sequential model of burnout. An alternative approach has been offered by the Francis Burnout Inventory that comprises two components. Francis proposes a balanced affect model of burnout according to which negative affect (emotional exhaustion) is offset by positive affect (satisfaction in ministry). This study draws on data provided by around 658 clergy serving in the Church of England to test this balanced affect model. Employing independent measures of burnout, the data demonstrated the significance of the interaction term between positive affect and negative affect in predicting individual differences in burnout. In other words, as positive affect increases the effects of negative affect decrease.

Professional interpersonal dynamics and burnout in European transplant surgeons.

Burnout within the health professions has become an increasingly important topic. Evidence suggests there are differences in burnout across different countries. Research has yet to examine burnout in transplant surgeons throughout Europe. A cross-sectional survey of transplant surgeons across Europe. Survey included sociodemographics, professional characteristics, frequency and discomfort with difficult patient interactions (PI), decisional autonomy, psychological job demands (PJD), support (coworker, supervisor, and hospital administration), and burnout including emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA). One hundred and eight transplant surgeons provided data; 33 (30.6%) reported high EE, 19 (17.6%) reported high DP, and 29 (26.9%) reported low PA. Three hierarchical multiple linear regressions examined the burnout subscales as outcomes (EE, DP, and PA), and predictors selected based upon theoretical relationships with the outcomes. Greater PJD, greater discomfort in managing difficult PI, and lower levels of perceived supervisor support (SS) predicted greater EE. Only decisional autonomy significantly predicted DP, accounting for a small proportion of the variance. None of the steps for PA were significant. Given prior research on burnout, there were several surprising findings from this study. For example, the relatively low levels of EE compared to U.S. physicians and surgeons. At this time, we can only hypothesize why this finding occurred but there are multiple possible explanations including cultural effects, response bias, or other factors unknown at this time. Research is needed to attempt to clarify these findings.

A Study on Burn-out and Resilience of Early Childhood Special Teachers Based on Job and Personal Variables

본 연구는 유아특수교사의 직무 및 개인 변인에 따른 심리적소진과 회복탄력성의 분석을 목적으로 218명의 유아특수교사들을 대상으로 실시되었다. 이에 따른 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유아특수교사 직무와 관련해서는 사무 및 행정관련 업무가 교수학습 개발 및 평가 업무보다 심리적 소진이 높았으며 회복탄력성은 낮게 나타났다. 둘째, 유아특수교사의 연령과 관련해서는 20대 유아특수교사가 40대 이상 유아특수교사보다 심리적소진이 높았으며 회복탄력성은 낮게 났으며, 유아특수교사 경력과 관련해서는 경력이 많은 교사가 심리적 소진이 낮았으며 회복탄력성은 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유아특수교사의 근무 기관 유형과 관련해서는 어린이집에서 근무하는 유아특수교사가 특수학교에서 근무하는 유아특수교사보다 높은 심리적 소진과 낮은 회복탄력성이 나타났으며, 유아특수교사의 결혼 여부에서는 미혼자가 기혼자보다 높은 심리적 소진을 나타냈다. 넷째, 유아특수교사의 담당 유아의 연령과 관련해서는 만3세반 유아특수교사가 만4세반 유아특수교사 보다 회복탄력성이 높게 나타났다. 다섯째. 유아특수교사의 심리적 소진과 회복탄력성 관련 하위요인들의 상관관계는 부적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구를 기초로 향후 유아특수교사의 심리적 소진은 직무, 연령, 경력, 기관 유형, 결혼 여부에 따라 차이가 나타났으며 회복탄력성과 관련해서는 직무, 연령, 경력, 기관 유형, 담당 유아의 연령에서 차이가 있는것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 유아특수교사의 다양한 변인에 따른 심리적소진과 회복탄력성에 영향을 미치는 구체적인 위험요인과 보호요인을 알아보기 위한 질적 연구의 필요성이 제시되었다.The purpose of this study is to find out the difference of burn-out and resilience of early childhood special education teachers according to their job and personal variables. 218 participants were involved for this study and the research results are as follows; First, in relation to the job of the special education teachers for early childhood, the task of office and administrative related showed higher than the task of teaching and learning development and evaluation in burn-out, but showed lower in resilience. Second, in relation to the age of the special education teachers for early childhood, Teachers in 20s showed higher than those of 40s in burn-out, but showed lower in resilience. Third, in relation to the career of special education teachers for early childhood, teachers who had a lot of career experience showed lower in burn-out, but showed higher in resilience, in relation to the type of work institution of special education teachers for early childhood, teachers working at day care center for childhood showed higher in burn-out, and showed lower in resilience than teachers working in special school, in marriage of special education teachers for early childhood, the unmarried teachers showed higher burn-out than the married teachers. Fourth, in relation to the age of the infants in charge of the special education teachers for early childhood, the special education teachers of 3-year-old infants showed higher in resilience than the special education teachers of 4-year-old infants. Finally, in the correlation of the sub-factors related between the burn-out and the resilience of special education teachers for early childhood, negative correlation was found. Therefore, the necessity of future qualitative research to investigate specific risk factors and protective factors affecting burn-out and resilience according to various variables of the special education teachers for early childhood was suggested.

The Toxicity of Self-Blame: Sex Differences in Burnout and Coping in Internal Medicine Trainees

Burnout is a significant problem facing internal medicine residents contributing to increased risk of depression and suicidal ideation. Coping mechanisms and burnout may differ based on sex. The study was a retrospective cross-sectional study of reported burnout and coping mechanisms used by internal medicine residents in June 2014 at a large academic center and its community affiliate. Two hundred eighty-five postgraduate year (PGY)-1, 2, 3, and 4 and incoming PGY-1 residents were surveyed. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced were given to measure levels of burnout and frequency of use of coping mechanisms. Percentages of residents who met criteria for burnout and high levels on each of the subscales of emotional exhaustion, cynicism and professional efficacy, were calculated and stratified by sex. Chi-squared tests were used for statistical significance. Average frequency of use of each coping mechanism by sex was calculated with statistical significance determined by two sided t-tests. There was a 69% completion rate (198/285) with 100 men and 98 women. Woman had higher levels of burnout (30% vs. 15%, p = 0.014) and emotional exhaustion (22% vs. 9%, p = 0.005). Women used the adaptive coping mechanisms of emotional support (p = 0.001) and instrumental support (p = 0.018) more frequently but also used the maladaptive coping mechanism of self-blame more frequently (p = 0.022). Greater use of self-blame as a coping mechanism may be a major factor in the higher rates of burnout and emotional exhaustion in women resident physicians as compared to men. Educators must pay attention to use of self-blame by female residents and as it may be a red flag for resident distress.

Gender differences in the effect of grief reactions and burnout on emotional distress among clinical oncologists.

The current study was conducted to examine gender differences in the effect of grief reactions and burnout on emotional distress among clinical oncologists. The participants included a convenience sample of 178 oncologists from Israel (52 of whom were women) and Canada (48 of whom were women). Oncologists completed a questionnaire package that included a sociodemographic survey, the General Health Questionnaire, a burnout measure, and the Adult Oncologists Grief Questionnaire. To examine the effect of grief reactions and burnout on emotional distress while controlling for country and past depression within each gender, 2 hierarchical linear regression analyses were computed. Female oncologists reported significantly more grief responses to patient death (mean, 47.72 [standard deviation (SD), 8.71] and mean, 44.53 [SD, 9.19], respectively), more emotional distress (mean, 12.41 [SD, 4.36] and mean, 10.64 [SD, 3.99], respectively), and more burnout (mean, 2.59 [SD, 1.69] and mean, 1.84 [SD, 1.5], respectively). For both genders, higher levels of grief reactions were associated with greater emotional distress among those who reported high levels of burnout (P<.001). However, for men, the association between grief reactions and emotional distress also was documented at moderate levels of burnout (P<.001). Patient death is a regular part of clinical oncology. It is essential that oncologists be able to cope effectively with this aspect of their work. The findings of the current study highlight the need to take into account the cumulative stressors that oncologists contend with when designing supportive interventions. Gender differences in burnout, reactions to patient death, and emotional distress need to be addressed to ensure the best quality of life for oncologists and the best quality of care for their patients. Cancer 2016;122:3705-14. © 2016 American Cancer Society.

The Impact of Combat Deployment on Health Care Provider Burnout in a Military Emergency Department: A Cross-Sectional Professional Quality of Life Scale V Survey Study.

Compassion fatigue is a problem for many health care providers manifesting as physical, mental, and spiritual exhaustion. Our objective was to evaluate the association between prior combat deployment and compassion fatigue among military emergency medicine providers. We conducted a nonexperimental cross-sectional survey of health care providers assigned to the San Antonio Military Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine. We used the Professional Quality of Life Scale V survey instrument that evaluates provider burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction. Outcomes included burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction raw scores. Scores were compared between providers based on previous combat deployments using two-tailed independent sample t tests and multiple regression models. Surveys were completed by 105 respondents: 42 nurses (20 previously deployed), 30 technicians (11 previously deployed), and 33 physicians (16 previously deployed). No statistically significant differences in burnout, secondary traumatic stress, or compassion satisfaction scores were detected between previously deployed providers versus providers not previously deployed. There was no association between previous combat deployment and emergency department provider burnout, secondary traumatic stress, or compassion satisfaction scores.

Burnout and It’s Relation to Some Variables among Scholars of Diploma of Guiding and Counseling Psychology

This study is an attempt to survey the burnout level and its relation to some variables among a sample of scholars of Diploma of Guiding and Counseling Psychology, Najran University. The researchers used the descriptive analytical method for a sample of (129) scholars that were selected randomly from the original study population numbered (150) scholars for the academic year 2013/2014. The teacher burnout scale of Siedman & Zager was used in this study. The researchers made sure of the validity and reliability of this scale. The statistical program (SPSS) was applied to the sample and the results indicate that most of the scholars suffer from various levels of burnout. There are statistically significant differences in burnout among scholars due to gender; age, academic major, academic qualification, marital status and teaching experience. There are no statistically significant differences in burnout among scholars attributed to academic specialization. The study concluded with some of the recommendations and suggestions that would help scholars overcome burnout and stress in order to make them more effective, adaptable and happy.

Burnout and health behaviors in health professionals from seven European countries.

Within an underlying health-impairing process, work stressors exhaust employees' mental and physical resources and lead to exhaustion/burnout and to health problems, with health-impairing behaviors being one of the potential mechanisms, linking burnout to ill health. The study aims to explore the associations between burnout and fast food consumption, exercise, alcohol consumption and painkiller use in a multinational sample of 2623 doctors, nurses and residents from Greece, Portugal, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, Croatia and Macedonia, adopting a cross-national approach. Data are part of the international cross-sectional quantitative ORCAB survey. The measures included the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Health Behaviors Questionnaire. Burnout was significantly positively associated with higher fast food consumption, infrequent exercise, higher alcohol consumption and more frequent painkiller use in the full sample, and these associations remained significant after the inclusion of individual differences factors and country of residence. Cross-national comparisons showed significant differences in burnout and health behaviors, and some differences in the statistical significance and magnitude (but not the direction) of the associations between them. Health professionals from Turkey, Greece and Bulgaria reported the most unfavorable experiences. Burnout and risk health behaviors among health professionals are important both in the context of health professionals' health and well-being and as factors contributing to medical errors and inadequate patient safety. Organizational interventions should incorporate early identification of such behaviors together with programs promoting health and aimed at the reduction of burnout and work-related stress.