Burden Of Disease In Brazil Research Articles

New century, new challenges: changes in the burden of disease profile in Brazil, 1990-2010

to describe the burden of disease in Brazil from 1990 to 2010. analysis of the estimates of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 - Years of Life Lost due to premature mortality (YLL), Years Lost due to Disability (YLD), Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY=YLL+YLD) and risk factors. there was a decrease in deaths due to diarrhea and an increase in deaths due to diabetes and kidney disease, whilst deaths due to homicides and traffic accidents remained stable; cardiovascular diseases continued to be the leading cause of death despite a 30% reduction; the largest increases in DALY were due to diabetes and musculoskeletal diseases in women and alcohol abuse and low back pain in men; the main risk factors were poor diet and high blood pressure; smoking, domestic pollution and insufficient breastfeeding were found to have reduced. the rapid epidemiological transition highlights the need to control infectious diseases and invest in reducing violence and non-communicable diseases.

Socio-demographic caracteristics and prevalence of risk factors in a hypertensive and diabetics population: a cross-sectional study in primary health care in Brazil.

BackgroundSystemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and their related morbidity and mortality, are currently the most common public health problems and also a higher burden of disease in Brazil. They represent a real challenge for primary health care. This study describes the methodology and baseline data of an adult population with hypertension and diabetes attending in primary health care.MethodsIt is a cross sectional study which presents data from a longitudinal research. 3784 adults were randomly selected from the registry of a health service in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The eligibility criteria were: confirmed diagnosis of hypertension and/or diabetes, consulted at least once in the prior 3 years and 18 years of age or older. Home data collection consisted of a questionnaire with information on demographic, medical history, life style and socio-economic factors.ResultsA total of 2482 users were interviewed (response rate of 71 %). The median age was 64 (IQR = 55.7) and the majority were women (68 %), and married (52 %). Whereas 66.5 % (CI 95 % 64.5-68.3) of the sample had only hypertension, 6.5 % (CI 95 % 5.5-7.5) had diabetes and 27.1 % (CI 95 % 25.3-28.8) had both diseases. The prevalence of diseases increased with age and with fewer years of study (p < 0.05). Subjects with both diseases had significantly more associated comorbidities.ConclusionsHypertension and diabetes are more prevalent in older individuals, especially women, and less educated people. People suffering with both chronic conditions simultaneously are more likely to have additional comorbidities.

Disease Burden in Brazil and Health Technology Assessment: A Retrospective of Ten Years of Supporting.

Disease Burden in Brazil and Health Technology Assessment: A Retrospective of Ten Years of Supporting.

Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Implications for Worksite Health Promotion Programs in Brazil

Economic growth, an aging population, and changes in lifestyle patterns have contributed to the rise in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Brazil. Worksite health and wellness programs are viewed as a potentially viable means to address the increase in disease burden in Brazil. The purpose of the present review is to investigate actions proposed by the Brazilian Government for CVD prevention and the current state of worksite health promotion. Our review of literature found that the Brazilian Government has been showing a growing interest in developing and promoting CVD preventive strategies, primarily through better control of known risk factors (i.e. smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, high cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose). Current initiatives are considered positive steps toward better CVD prevention in Brazil. With respect to worksite health and wellness, additional work is needed to determine optimal program delivery models, financial implications and individual/population compliance with healthier lifestyle choices.

National and regional estimates of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in Brazil, 2008: a systematic analysis

BackgroundSince Murray and Lopez's 1996 seminal study on burden of disease, the disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) has become a valuable tool to measure the health loss of populations and evaluate health-system performance. Such indicators are essential in a country like Brazil, marked with rapidly changing epidemiology and wide regional inequalities. This study presents timely subnational estimates of burden of disease in Brazil in 2008 to inform health policy. MethodsDALYs are the sum of years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs). Mortality data were used to estimate YLLs for Brazil, with adjustments for incomplete information on cause of death, sex, and age. YLDs were estimated from multiple sources, including health databases, literature reviews, and expert consensus. FindingsWe estimated a national average of 195 DALYs per 1000 inhabitants (95% CI 194–196) in 2008. Five causes accounted for almost a third of total DALYs: depression (8·31%, 95% CI 8·31–8·32), ischaemic heart disease (6·78%, 6·76–6·80), diabetes (4·72%, 4·70–4·74), stroke (4·60%, 4·58–4·61), and homicide/violence (3·70%, 3·69–3·71). Large regional disparities were found: from a low of 177 DALYs per 1000 inhabitants (95% CI 177–178) in the Central West region to a high of 209 per 1000 inhabitants (208–210) in the Northeast. In the (more affluent) Southeast and South regions, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was a greater contributor to health loss than homicide/violence. Neonatal sepsis and birth trauma and asphyxia were among the 20 principal DALY contributors in the (poorer) North and Northeast regions. InterpretationNon-communicable chronic diseases, mental health, and injuries weigh heavily on the Brazilian epidemiological profile. However, in the more vulnerable regions, the North and Northeast, diseases associated with poverty and health-system precariousness persist. Health policies need to consider the balance between acute care services and chronic care management to meet population health needs across the country. More research is needed on the underlying social and economic determinants contributing to disparities in health outcomes. FundingDepartment of Science and Technology, Secretary of Science, Technology and Strategic Inputs, Ministry of Health of Brazil (DECIT/MoH).