Bull Horn Research Articles

Isolierte, bilaterale sternokostoklavikuläre Hyperostose (SCCH) mit pathologischer Klavikulafraktur - Ein Verlauf über 10 Jahre

The presented case demonstrates the clinical and radiological course of a woman suffering from bilateral sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis (SCCH) from early changes to a spontaneous clavicula fracture after 10 years. SCCH is characterised by a chronic recurrent painful swelling of the sternoclavicular region due to an aseptic inflammation and hyperostosis of the clavicula, sternum, upper ribs and the adjacent soft tissues. Frequently the picture is accompanied by cutaneous and other skeletal symptoms. The disease can be part of the SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) syndrome. The chronic process is represented by the typical "bull horn sign" in a bone scan. NSAIDS should represent the first line treatment.

Primary tuberculous chancre caused by Mycobacterium bovis after goring with a bull's horn

A 14-year-old boy was gored by a bull during festival celebrations. The horn of the bull caused a wound on his left hand and after 3 months it was a accompanied by an ulcerated nodule on the left upper arm and an axillary adenopathy. The tuberculin test was positive and a culture of the aspiration biopsy specimen of the axillary lymph node yielded Mycombacterium bovis. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43:535–7.)

Fourier-transform Raman spectroscopy of mammalian and avian keratotic biopolymers

The FT-Raman spectra of mammalian and avian keratotic biopolymers have been recorded, including bull's horn, cat's claw, bird's feather quill, pheasant's beak and compared with the hard keratinous tissue, human nail and callus. Although there were similarities in all the spectra, particularly in the ν(CH) stretching region, the 1450–1100 cm(su−1) region exhibited some differences ascribed to intramolecular skeletal backbone conformational changes. Of particular significance for human, mammalian and avian samples in the 1000–400 cm −1 wavenumber region were differences in the structurally important ν(SS) and ν(CS) bands, near 500 cm −1 and 630 cm −1, respectively. The amide I and III modes near 1650 and 1250 cm −1 respectively, demonstrate that the mammalian keratins studied exist predominantly in the α-helical conformation, whereas the avian keratins adopt the β-sheet structure as the dominant conformation.

Ptolemaios and the ‘Lighthouse’: Greek culture in the Memphite Serapeum

‘Lord Proteus: the saviour of the Hellenes, this watchman of Pharos, was built by Sostratos, son of Dexiphanes, a Cnidian. In Egypt there are no mountain-peaks, as in the islands: but low lies the breakwater where ships may harbour. Therefore this tower, cleaving the sky straight and upright, shines in the daytime countless leagues away: and all night long the sailor who runs with the waves shall see a great light blazing from its summit. And he may run even to the Bull's horn, and yet not miss the god of safety, O Proteus, whosoever sails this way.’So, in Denys Page's translation, runs the contemporary commemoration by Poseidippos of Pella of the Pharos of Alexandria, the lighthouse which formed one of the wonders of the ancient world. So too, choosing as a continuing theme the most striking monuments of the new Ptolemaic regime in Egypt, the same poet commemorated the temple of Arsinoe-Aphrodite on Cape Zephyrion, east of the city ‘midway between the beach of Pharos and the mouth of Canopos’, whence the lock of Queen Berenike was soon to disappear.

Penetrating wound of the aorta by a bull's horn

An 18-year-old boy was gored by a bull while on the ground and he died half-an-hour after the incident. Autopsy showed a tear involving about three-quarters of the circumference of the thoracic aorta. Injuries due to a bull horn are usually in the abdomen but the exact location will depend on a number of other factors.

Bull horn injury: a clinical study

Seventy-three cases of bull horn injury from a predominantly rural population around Allahabad were admitted to our unit between 1966 and 1975. Injury to the deep viscera is uncommon and the possible explanations of this pattern of injury are discussed. The abdomen was the commonest site of injury with prolapse of loops of small intestine in 60 per cent of cases. Management differs from other penetrating abdominal wounds and simple cleansing and careful examination of the bowel is sufficient in those injuries with prolapse of the intestine.

Fritz Müller on Flowers and Insects

THE enclosed letter from that excellent observer, Fritz Muller, contains some miscellaneous observations on certain plants and insects of South Brazil, which are so new and curious that they will probably interest your naturalist readers. With respect to his case of bees getting their abdomens dusted with pollen while gnawing the glands on the calyx of one of the Malpighiaceae, and thus effecting the cross-fertilisation of the flowers, I will remark that this case is closely analogous to that of Coronilla recorded by Mr. Farrer in your journal some years ago, in which parts of the flowers have been greatly modified, so that bees may act as fertilisers while sucking the secretion on the outside of the calyx. The case is interesting in another way. My son Francis has shown that the food bodies of the Bull's-horn Acacia, which are consumed by the ants that protect the tree from its enemies (as described by Mr. Belt), consist of modified glands; and he suggests that aboriginally the ants licked a secretion from the glands, but that at a subsequent period the glands were rendered more nutritious and attractive by the retention of the secretion and other changes, and that they were then devoured by the ants. But my son could advance no case of glands being thus gnawed or devoured by insects, and here we have an example.