Building Process Research Articles

Enhancing productivity with custom GPTs to support curriculum development

At the Centre for Digital Transformation of Health, we develop a range of postgraduate and professional development courses designed to upskill the healthcare workforce in digital transformation. Our course development is informed by the ADDIE framework (Branch, 2009). During the design stage, we leverage the Understanding by Design (UbD) framework by Wiggins and McTighe (2005). UbD uses a backwards design process that starts with the outcomes in mind that constructively align with the assessment and learning activities. This process can be challenging for subject matter experts (SMEs) with little pedagogical training (Cho and Trent, 2005; Michael and Libarkin, 2016), particularly in designing topic-level learning outcomes using Bloom’s Taxonomy (Bloom et al., 1956); outlining key understandings, the big ideas and their practical applications (Wiggins & McTighe, 2005); and separating what learners should know from how that knowledge will be applied. Consequently, substantial hours are dedicated to 1:1 coaching sessions to ensure effective development of learning outcomes and content. Our driving research question is how can generative AI improve our efficiency of working with SMEs with little pedagogical knowledge? We therefore integrated ChatGPT into the curriculum design process (Conrad and Hall, 2024). However, instead of using a standard instance of ChatGPT that relies on effective prompt engineering by the user, we iteratively developed two custom GPTs (Bloomify and UnderstandMe), using OpenAI’s GPTbuilder. These GPTs constrain and customise ChatGPT’s output without requiring coding knowledge. The build process starts by explaining to the GPTbuilder what you would like your custom GPT to help with, followed by iterative prompting about specific functions, behaviours, and additional materials to constrain the GPT’s responses. Bloomify translates unrefined topic aims from SMEs into three bloomified learning outcomes across three Bloom’s levels for the SME to consider, iterate and improve upon. UnderstandMe uses the topic outcome created by Bloomify and helps the SME conceptualise the big ideas, key understandings, and the practical application of the knowledge they will learn in the topic. This approach keeps the SME at the centre of the process, rather than offloading the entire curriculum design process to ChatGPT, which was described by Conrad & Hall (2024). Early results of implementing the GPTs are promising. We observed a significant boost in efficiency, enabling us to complete twice as many UbD templates per hour of coaching. This suggests that GPTs could offer a substantial improvement in time efficiency and offer a simple way of reducing the cognitive burden of the backwards design process for SMEs and learning designers. These time savings are then reallocated to other aspects of the course development process providing the opportunity for richer collaboration between SME and learning designer. We have provided links to both GPTs, both of which are discipline-agnostic, to support the broader learning design and academic community through the backwards design process within their respective disciplines. Further evaluation of these tools will focus SME perspectives of using the GPT during collaborative course development and to investigate how these tools will influence the social norms of course design in the future.

‘I wouldn’t call myself a brand, but many people say my name could serve as a brand.’ Exploring a conceptualization and typology of athlete brands

ABSTRACT Research Question Building on the literature on human branding, athlete branding, and branding capability, this study examines the brand building process of athletes and is the first to derive an athlete brand building typology. Research Methods Semi-structured interviews with 13 professional and semi-professional German athletes were conducted in 2018. The interviews were enriched with data from the athletes’ Instagram accounts. To verify the data and obtain deeper insights into the athletes’ branding capabilities, the study was repeated with 12 of the 13 athletes prior to the 2021 Olympics in Tokyo. Results and Findings The findings indicate the first typology of athlete brand building with three specific types of human brands: brand antagonist, brand supporter, and brand manager. These three types can be differentiated by the athlete core, the brand concept, the role of social media, the sport ecosystem, and their sponsorship relationships. Implications This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the emerging field of athlete branding. The typology can help athletes and their managers to design specific brand building activities depending on the respective athlete type. Additionally, this study is the first conceptualization and typology of athlete brand building. Furthermore, this study marks a starting point for a more comprehensive understanding and further research on athlete branding.

Building Trustworthy AI: The Role of Patient and Public Involvement in Healthcare AI Development

AI is helping researchers make great strides in healthcare. However, there is a trust deficit in AI when applied to critical areas like healthcare. Hence communicating the beneficial medical applications of AI and engaging the public with healthcare AI research is critical. One way to achieve this is by getting the community involved in co-designing better AI systems in healthcare projects. We argue that AI algorithms for healthcare should be co-designed with patients and healthcare workers, so that they are useful and trustworthy. We suggest a roadmap for this collaborative approach in AI model building. This will involve actively including patients with lived experience of a disease, as well as creating a research advisory group to walk patients through the process of AI model building. We suggest formulating and scoping a problem, and then generating a hypothesis that patients and scientists agree on. The road to building trustworthy AI systems may become easier if all stakeholders are involved in co-creating AI models.

Thermal Performance Analysis and Design Evolution of Ventilated Stone Facades: A Case Study of the Praski Student House (Akademik Praski) in Warsaw

The rationale for this work arose from the urgency of improving the energy efficiency of buildings at the design stage, given the changing requirements of energy efficiency standards such as the Polish Technical Conditions (WT 2014 and WT 2020). This research is novel as there is currently limited information available on the improvement of the thermal performance of ventilated stone facade systems, although they are now widely used due to their practical and aesthetic advantages. The first objective of this work is to evaluate the thermal performance of the ventilated facades of the Praski Student House (Akademik Praski) and to assess how certain design variations can help achieve a lower level of energy consumption. Using a comprehensive case study approach, this study provides accurate thermal calculations of the facade to assess its global thermal insulation coefficient (Rt) and thermal transmittance (Uc). The improvement in the actual U-value from the original design is as follows: the U-value is reduced from 0.33 originally to 0.228 for WT 2014 and to 0.198 for WT 2020, showing a reduction of about 30.9% and 13.2%, respectively. These results indicate the energy efficiency of increased insulation thickness and optimally oriented air gap dimensions. The practical contributions of this research are valuable for architects, engineers, and contractors involved in the design and construction process of buildings aiming to achieve near-zero energy buildings (nZEBs), including concrete suggestions on how to improve current construction practices as well as material recommendations. There is a need for durability studies, for example to assess the performance of such facades under different climatic conditions, as part of future work to support these findings.

The Agroecological Transition of Farms in the Ecuadorian Andes Through the Lens of the Main Agroecological Structure

ABSTRACTMany sectors of society have urged a transition from modern conventional agriculture to more sustainable alternatives. One of the most frequently mentioned is agroecology, due to its potential to improve soil health, promote agrobiodiversity, food sovereignty, and regenerate ecosystem functions. However, complex systems such as farms demand the transformation of a broad set of characteristics and practices for its transition. These factors are, in turn, conditioned by social, educational, economic, and political factors. Therefore, a clear understanding of the main drivers behind the management of farms is vital for supporting an effective transition. This research applied the main agroecological structure (MAS) methodology, which employs 10 indicators (5 biological, 5 cultural) to evaluate the degree of connectivity of a farm with the landscape, the agrobiodiversity present in living fences and crops, and the practices employed by farmers to support and preserve it. Finally, the MAS methodology gives farms a score from 0 to 100, understood as the degree of development of its agroecological structure, or as the “resilience” of a system in agroecological transition. Measurements were performed in 20 farms with different degrees of agroecological transition, in five locations of the northern‐central Andean region of Ecuador. The farms had a moderately developed structure on average (71.05 over 100), and MAS variation was not correlated to the size of the farm, nor with its degree of connectivity with the surrounding landscape. It was rather significantly related to the geographic location of the study site. One of the main differences between study sites was a more extended prevalence of cooperation and development programs, suggesting a strong connection between the development of agroecological practices and capacity building processes. For this reason, the author proposes that MAS measurements should be complemented with deeper analyses of the capacity‐building background of each site. This study aims to establish a baseline of the MAS in Ecuador, and to provide new tools for monitoring and supporting agroecological transition.

Huong: Designing a Vietnamese Typeface which honours heritage and celebrates culture.

Through practice-led research, this project seeks to design a Vietnamese display typeface based on cultural identity and heritage. Huong is a typeface which synthesises cultural identity and traditions, showcased in the form of a printed type specimen and contextualised posters. Through understanding the significance of Vietnamese folk art and their orthography, the outcome was achieved through the process of field research, typeface building, prototyping and book binding. This project aims to celebrate the Vietnamese culture and honour my heritage as it tackles the question: How can I express my cultural identity through a Vietnamese display typeface? The Huong typeface extends an invitation to a wider audience to learn more about Vietnamese culture through the expression of typography.

BEHAVIOR OF PLASMA PARAMETERS UNDER MIRROR AND CUSP MAGNETIC FIELDS IN DC GLOW DISCHARGE – A NUMERICAL STUDY

Abstract The plasma parameters in DC glow discharge can easily be controlled by externally applied magnetic field without disturbing internal / built-in process parameters. Though several works have been carried out to study the influence of the magnetic field at different configurations on the plasma parameters, a complete understanding on the behaviour of the plasma discharge under the mirror and cusp fields could not be achieved. Further studies on the same are needed to improve the efficiency of the DC glow discharge system for existing applications and to find the new applications. In this work, a 2D axis-symmetric non-equilibrium plasma model with drift-diffusion approach is developed to study the characteristics of the plasma in DC glow discharge through various plasma parameters under mirror and cusp fields. The effects of current and position of magnetic coils on electric potential, ionization rate, electron temperature and electron number density are predicted and discussed. The distribution of electron number density at various coil currents and positions under both mirror and cusp fields are presented and the operating conditions favorable for applications in surface modification are suggested.

Integration of sensors during laser powder bed fusion

AbstractLaser powder bed fusion (PBF‐LB/M) is an additive manufacturing (AM) process to produce high‐strength, functionally integrated, lightweight metal components which cannot be built conventionally. This article addresses the expansion of functionality by integrating sensors within closed cavities. For this reason, the building process was stopped just before the cavities were closed. After positioning the sensors, the building process was continued and a solid connection to the AM component was established.

Top-to-south shear at the base of the eastern Tethyan Himalayan Sequence during the Eocene-Oligocene Himalayan orogeny

The early mountain building processes in the Himalayan orogen are still not clear because of extensive deformation and metamorphism since the Miocene. A large gently dipping ductile shear zone, referred as the Tethyan Himalayan Décollement (THD), is defined here as the sole décollement of the south-verging Tethyan fold-and-thrust belt in the Lhozag-Cuona area of the eastern Himalayan orogen. The ~4 km-thick THD is characterized by a top-to-south shear sense, moderate T/P Barrovian to high T/P Buchan type metamorphism and Eocene-Miocene partial melting. Zircon UPb dating of metasedimentary rocks and granitic gneisses from the THD yields protolith ages of the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician. Based on structural analysis, zircon UPb ages, monazite UPb ages and mica 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology, the THD was the boundary shear zone at the top of the Greater Himalayan Crystalline Complex (GHC) and accommodated the persistent north-south shortening in the Tethyan Himalayan Sequence (THS) from ~50 Ma to 20–17 Ma. From ~20–17 Ma, the top-to-north South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS) was predominantly activated to juxtapose the unmetamorphosed or low-grade THS over the GHC. This tectonic transition can be attributed to the roof collapse in the eastern Himalaya (younger than that of the central-western Himalaya), which triggered rapid exhumation of the GHC and the northern Tethyan Himalayan gneiss domes. Hence, the THD was the predecessor of the STDS and a prolonged pathway for leucogranitic melts from the Eocene to early Miocene. The transition from the THD-controlled crustal thickening in the Eocene and Oligocene to the STDS-controlled extrusion in the Miocene shed insights on a new synthesis of the tectonic wedging model for the Himalayan evolution.

What Does One Need to Build a Bridge in Slovenia? Research on Slovenian Folk Tales, Games, Dances and Rituals Related to Bridge Construction and the Building Process

What Does One Need to Build a Bridge in Slovenia? Research on Slovenian Folk Tales, Games, Dances and Rituals Related to Bridge Construction and the Building Process Human sacrifices and supernatural beings are the two most common motifs in folklore material related to bridge-building projects. This article is an attempt to deal with Slovenian folklore material that refers to the act of bridge building and to show which of these motifs seem to be closer to the Slovenian tradition. To achieve this goal, I present examples of Slovenian folktales, dances, games and other folk culture texts. I also highlight the root causes that potentially resulted in the prevalence of one of these motifs. Czego potrzeba, by zbudować most w Słowenii? Badania nad słoweńskimi tekstami ludowymi, grami, tańcami i rytuałami związanymi z budowaniem mostów i procesem budowy Ofiary zakładzinowe i istoty nadprzyrodzone to dwa motywy najczęściej pojawiające się w tekstach kultury ludowej dotyczących budowania mostów. Artykuł stanowi próbę omówienia słoweńskiego materiału folklorystycznego związanego z budową mostów i pokazania, który z tych motywów wydaje się bliższy słoweńskiej tradycji. W tym celu przedstawiam przykłady zaczerpnięte z zachowanych podań ludowych, gier, tańców i innych tekstów kultury ludowej. Zwracam również uwagę na przyczyny mogące powodować przewagę w częstotliwości występowania jednego z motywów.

Who are the people of Cyprus? The national identity building process in Cyprus from the late 19th to the early 20th century

Abstract This article offers a nuanced examination of the complex identity dynamics among the Christian and Muslim communities in Cyprus during the late 19th and early 20th century, particularly in the aftermath of British administration replacing Ottoman rule in 1878. The article draws attention to the profound impact of this historical transition on the identity formation processes of both communities. Despite the shared wartime experience of the First World War, the Christian and Muslim communities in Cyprus failed to construct a cohesive identity rooted in their common geographical space. Drawing on Zygmunt Bauman’s concept of ambivalence, the article explores the complex process by which Cypriot communities sought to align their identity with larger nations, namely Greece and Turkey, rather than grounding it in their local context. The article contends that the genesis of their ambivalence can be traced back to 1878 when British administration replaced Ottoman rule on the island.

Innovation intermediaries and key-capability development: evidence from organisations in two Philippine agri-food business industries

ABSTRACT Innovation intermediaries can help boost and hasten the diffusion and adoption of technologies and practices in agri-food businesses, leading to better livelihoods, communities, and ecosystems. However, these organisations require several key-capabilities to ensure that their role performance leads to better innovation success for their stakeholders. This study employs a multiple case study approach to understand the key-capability building process and focuses on 18 innovation intermediaries in the rice and mango industries of the Philippines. The researcher finds that knowledge-building and management capabilities are essential and foundational across different organisation types. However, differences between organisations are seen in their networking-based capabilities. Moreover, the study finds four factors that may affect how innovation intermediaries build their key-capabilities. Additionally, evidence to support human resource development as a fifth key-capability and motivation as a third underlying capability was found. This study also provides policy and management implications for innovation intermediary key-capability development.

Beyond the interruption: tools for the evaluation and re-signification of unfinished public works

The paper focuses on unfinished public constructions that represent an anomaly and an urgency with environmental, economic and even social consequences. The prerequisite of the research is the possibility that unfinished buildings can be considered opportunities to start new building processes consistently with the renewed needs of the contemporary situation, and not as a shared set of disvalues. The use of a specific methodological framework and programmatic strategies can direct the interventions, evaluating the suggested potential performance, and trigger virtuous and accessible cycles of signification and actualisation. The paper derives from a doctoral research and has been developed within the activities of the cross-border cooperation project CUBÂTI.

Assessment of Borač-Kotlenik magmatic massif rock mass technical properties as potential source for optimal development of regional road infrastructure based on local stone materials

The Borač-Kotlenik magmatic massif in central Serbia is mainly made up of effusive and pyroclastic rocks, formed in three main phases of volcanic activity: 1. dacite and andesite, 2. quartz-latite and dacite, and 3. basaltoid rocks. Rock mass samples from this magmatic massif have been examined and mined in numerous localities during the XX century for purposes of building and reconstruction works of local and regional road networks. The examination process continues today for purposes of ‘Morava corridor’ highway building and its demand for the local stone material of the specified quality. The results of rock mass technical properties' tests have shown that its quality for road building purposes depends significantly on petrologic type, soundness, and hydrothermal alteration type. Oxidation alteration types can cause a significant decrease in compressive strength, an increase in porosity and water absorption, especially as oxidation chemical processes cause increased susceptibility to weathering, thus making the rock mass unusable in road construction profile layers above the embankment. Testing results demonstrate that effusive volcanic rocks of the Borač-Kotlenik magmatic massif generally can be used in the road building process. For this purpose, it is necessary to select the conformable rock mass zones at each locality, where hydrothermal alteration and weathering products are absent in order to obtain the best available stone material of volcanic origin.

Trust in sources of information about digital health technologies: The User’s Perspective

Abstract Background Trust is key to healthcare, including all types of health information. This applies not only to the process of healthcare delivery, but also to health-related behaviors and the utilization of healthcare services. Trust in health information sources has been shown to vary by social and health characteristics. Therefore, the research question is: Are there social and health-related differences in perceptions of trust in sources of information (government agencies or physicians) about digital health technologies? Methods The analysis is based on a cross-sectional online survey (STELLAR) conducted in 2022 (N = 1,200), Participants were asked whether they perceive trust (1= fully agree- 4= not at all) in information about digital health technologies provided by government agencies (institutional trust) or physicians (interpersonal trust). For the analysis, binary logistic regressions (references: traditionalists, low education level, poor self-perceived health) were used. Results Institutional Trust. Overall, 43.9% of the participants perceived trust in this information source. Baby Boomers (OR 2.022), Generation Y (OR 2.544), and Generation Z (OR 2.566), as well as medium (OR 2.526) and high (OR 3.823) educational level, increased the odds of perceived trust; the same was found for better self-perceived health (OR 1.569). Interpersonal Trust. In general, 94.8 % of the participants expressed trust physicians. Belonging to Generation Z decreased the chance (OR 0.097) and a better subjective health status increased the chance (OR 4.250) of perceiving trust. Education did not emerge as a significant determinant. Conclusions The study confirmed that interpersonal and institutional trust varies by social and health characteristics. There seems to be a need to strengthen efforts to explain the process of trust building in different population groups., e.g. to find explanations for why educational level was only relevant for institutional trust but not for interpersonal trust. Key messages • Trust in sources of information about digital health technologies differ by generation, educational level, and subjective health status. • Given the existing differences in perceptions of trust, it is worthwhile to explore the unknown mechanisms of the trust-building process among different population groups.

Public trust in national electronic health record systems: A scoping review of qualitative studies

Abstract Background Having public trust in national electronic health record systems (EHRs) is essential for the successful implementation of electronic health records within a country’s healthcare system. Without trust, people are less likely to consent to sharing their health data through an EHR and government stakeholders will have difficulties promoting uptake and facilitation of EHRs. Research investigating public trust in EHRs is limited, however. In response, we conducted a scoping review in order to gain clarity on the influences and themes behind public trust in EHRs, which can support the implementation of EHRs. Methods We reviewed 27 qualitative studies focusing on public trust in EHRs. Studies were identified between January 2022 and June 2022 and were ascertained using an inclusive search method and guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist. In an iterative process, conceptual themes were derived, and detail the promoters and outcomes of public trust in EHRs. Results Three major themes that describe the promoters of public trust in EHRs and two major themes that detail the outcomes once public trust in EHRs exists were ascertained from the literature. Additional findings bring forth the consequential role of healthcare actors in the public trust building process. Conclusions Results show comprehension, autonomy, and data protection are key concepts that help build and consolidate public trust in EHRs, while the public and the healthcare system benefit from public trust in EHRs. Furthermore, health system actors can be supportive or detrimental to the implementation of EHRs. Their effect is dependent on their activities within the health care system and how the public perceives those activities. Based on: Papadopoulos K, von Wyl V, Gille F. What is public trust in national electronic health record systems? A scoping review of qualitative research studies from 1995 to 2021. DIGITAL HEALTH. 2024;10. doi:10.1177/20552076241228024 Key messages • This research clarifies the conceptualizations that make up the trust relationship between the public and EHRs. • The findings can assist researchers, policymakers, and other health system actors in attaining a better understanding of the intricacies of public trust in EHRs.

Strengthening ecosystems

Abstract The mission of THCS activities with respect to strengthening ecosystems is based on the understanding that the actual transformation of health and care systems is dependent on the ability of numerous actors to align their goals and actions so that they are complementary. At the same time, it is also true that the transformation takes place at national, regional and local levels, making activities and support at these levels essential for the success of THCS. Therefore, the focus lies on connecting and supporting the broad community and other stakeholders in developing ecosystem-wide approaches and creating awareness and urgency among ecosystem layers and components, thus serving as a platform for transformation. One strand of activities for strengthening ecosystems aims at identifying, analysing, describing and disseminating key learnings from successful transformative ecosystems (TE’s). TE’s are broad constellations of interacting organisations and people who are committed, and through aligned actions, able to reach joint, explicitly defined goals in long-term. Making not only the most successful TE’s but also the dynamics explaining their achievements visible, value is being added through three main routes. Firstly, the experiences are distributed widely on European arenas and platforms as well as through national, regional and local channels to inspire ecosystem building processes in earlier stages of maturity. Secondly, collaboration between identified forerunner ecosystems is supported to enable mutual peer-learning. Thirdly, the examples are used to give guidance and inspiration to consortia that are applying for or receiving THCS project funding. As strategic partners of the ecosystem strengthening activities, other work packages of the THCS programme as well as the THCS National Mirror Groups are of great importance.

Research on match fluctuation prediction and strategy based on OFS algorithm

The aim of this paper is to construct a model for predicting on-field fluctuations in matches by using OFS algorithm, combined with random forest and lattice point search algorithms, and to analyse the key factors in order to improve the coach's decision-making ability in matches. Cross-validation and hyper-parameter tuning techniques were used during the model building process to find the best hyper-parameter combinations through lattice point search to optimise the model performance and generalisation ability. The study provides a detailed description of the model implementation process, including data processing, feature selection, parameter setting, model building, training and evaluation. Meanwhile, a series of targeted recommendations are proposed to address the variability of match fluctuations, including the analysis of past matches, the focus on recent performance, the assessment of psychological quality, the study of opponent's weaknesses, the flexible response to changes in matches and the maintenance of focus, with a view to helping athletes and coaches to formulate a more effective match strategy and to achieve better match results.

Integrating Thermal Infrared Imaging and Weather Data for Short-Term Prediction of Building Envelope Thermal Appearance

This study presents a novel deep-learning framework for predicting the thermal appearance of building envelopes under varying weather conditions based on a new dataset collected using a thermal infrared camera at 10 min intervals over a one-and-a-half-year period. Unlike existing studies that rely on simulated data or physical models that do not always accurately reflect the complex heat transfer processes in real buildings, we have collected a large dataset showing how a building behaves under different climatic conditions. We propose a novel deep-learning approach that integrates weather data and thermal imagery to predict the temperature distribution on the building façade for the next 24 and 48 h. The model uses a state-of-the-art recurrent neural network architecture, PredRNN V2, with an action conditioning mechanism to incorporate weather forecasting data into the prediction process. We evaluate this approach in terms of average accuracy, prediction accuracy in specific regions, and visual-perceptual performance of the images. The proposed framework achieves a prediction accuracy of 1.5 °C (root mean square error—RMSE) for the 24 h prediction and 2.04 °C (RMSE) for the 48 h prediction, outperforming baseline models in terms of temperature prediction accuracy and structural similarity of the predicted images.

Agent-based modeling system for real-time characterization of film thickness in digital twin coating

In the automated spraying workshop of ship segments, poor visibility caused by dust and fog hampers the effectiveness of the video monitoring system. The traditional method used during the automated spraying process fails to provide real-time measurement of film thickness and prediction of spraying quality, resulting in uneven film thickness and high rework rates. Robotic spraying technology also faces challenges, such as the time-consuming and labor-intensive process of building and computing a highly reliable Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based spraying film-forming simulation model, which cannot be reflected in real-time during the spraying process. The digital twin characterization method, based on the agent model, offers a solution to these limitations and challenges, providing new ideas and approaches for improving and optimizing the spray film formation model. This paper presents the development of a real-time characterization system for sprayed film thickness based on digital twin technology. The spraying film thickness under different working conditions is obtained using Ansys-Fluent simulation software by varying the gun height and gun speed. The predictive model for spraying film thickness is then established using the obtained simulation data and the corresponding gun height and gun speed, employing the surrogate modeling method (BP neural network). The real-time characterization system for spraying film thickness is developed by combining C# and Unity3D. Finally, in order to ensure the accuracy of the predictive model, a spraying experimental platform is built to verify the accuracy of the predictive model.