Brushing Time Research Articles

Assessment of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and DMFT Scores among Patients at King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa.

Background and Objectives: Oral health is one of the most significant issues in public health. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) Index is a useful tool for assessing and measuring the state of oral health in a community. This study aimed to evaluate oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices among participants who visited a dental clinic at King Faisal University and to evaluate their DMFT scores. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted at the King Faisal University dental complex, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, using a simple random sampling technique. The data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire in English and Arabic. All statistical analyses were carried out using the SPSS 20 software. A chi square and ANOVA test were used to assess the association. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There were a total of 260 participants, of whom 193 (74.2%) were male and 67 (25.8%) were female. Most participants, 173 (66.5%), were between the ages of 18 and 28. The majority of the participants 191 (73.5%) believed that bad oral hygiene led to gum disease. Additionally, major issues while visiting dental clinics, the importance of routine dental clinic visits, the existence of a connection between oral and general health, brushing time and frequency of change of used brush were significantly influenced by gender (p < 0.05). In terms of the DMFT index, mean numbers of decaying teeth (D) were 4.82 ± 4.15, mean numbers of missing teeth (M) were 1.56 ± 2.94, mean numbers of filled teeth (F) were 5.17 ± 5.28 and mean DMFT score was 11.56 ± 6.32, with a statistically significant difference observed (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study concluded that, although some of the study participants neglected oral hygiene practices, the majority of participants had good knowledge and attitudes regarding the significance of oral hygiene. Owing to inadequate practices, the decayed, missing, and filled teeth scores increased with increasing age. Additionally, gender had no significant impact on the mean scores for decayed, missing, and filled teeth, although there were significant differences between age groups.

Effectiveness of an Oral Health Education Program Using a Smart Toothbrush with Quantitative Light-Induced Fluorescence Technology in Children

This randomized controlled trial aimed to educate patients and manage oral hygiene remotely via a smart toothbrush (ST) by using mobile applications and to improve oral hygiene and habits by evaluating the plaque state via images from a Q-ray cam, which is a quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) digital imaging device. In total, 68 children (aged 6-12 years) were randomly divided into three groups. Group I was assigned an electro-toothbrush (ET), group II was assigned a smart toothbrush (ST), and group III used a manual toothbrush (MT). Each group used an assigned toothbrush and was checked after 1 and 3 months. Oral hygiene status was evaluated using the patient hygiene performance (PHP) index and fluorescent plaque index (FPI), which are presented in the QLF program. In addition, questionnaires on oral health behaviors and attitudes were also evaluated. There was a 0.24 decrease in the PHP index and a 1.40 decrease in the simple hygiene score three months later compared with the baseline in the ST group, with no significant difference between the three methods (p = 0.518, p = 0.626). Many group II participants said that ST helped with oral hygiene, and they were willing to use it continuously. In addition, all participants' brushing times and attitudes toward oral hygiene improved after oral hygiene education using a Q-ray cam. Therefore, the use of STs provided good dental health education and a plaque-decreasing effect to children aged 6-12 years old. Furthermore, the QLF device can be used as a useful tool for maintaining good oral hygiene in children.

PS-P06-10: ASSOCIATIONS OF TONGUE CLEANING AND MORNING TOOTH BRUSHING HABITS WITH BLOOD PRESSURE AND DIABETES AMONG JAPANESE MEN AND WOMEN

Objective: Recently, a bidirectional relationship between periodontal and systematic diseases has been reported. Because periodontal disease is caused by periodontopathogenic bacteria found in dental plaque and bacteria increase during sleep, it is important to clean the mouth, especially in the morning. Although the importance of tooth brushing has been reported in many studies,none has investigated both tongue cleaning habit and timing of tooth brushing. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the association of tongue cleaning and morning tooth brushing habits with blood pressure (BP) and diabetes in a cross-sectional study. Design and method: 1005 residents (656 in 2020, 349 in 2021, 430 men and 575 women) in Ikawa-machi, Akita Prefecture, aged 40–91 years (mean 65.3) who underwent health-checkup in 2020–2021 and answered both whether they had a tongue cleaning habit and their timing of tooth brushing, were surveyed. If participants answered in both years, the 2020 data was used. Participants who answered brushing their teeth at least once after waking up or after breakfast were defined as having a morning tooth brushing habit. Participants who answered “under treatment’’ or had an HbA1c of ≧ 6.0% in the health-checkup were defined as having diabetes, and those who had a systolic BP of ≧ 140 mmHg or a diastolic BP of ≧ 90 mmHg were defined as having poor BP control. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratios (95% confidence interval (CI)) for the prevalence of poor BP control or diabetes in those who did not, based on those who had both tongue cleaning and morning tooth brushing habits. Covariates were sex, age, lifestyle habits (drinking, smoking, exercise), and taking antihypertensive medication. Results: The proportion of participants with both tongue cleaning and morning tooth brushing, with tongue cleaning, or with morning tooth brushing were 37.0%, 39.0%, and 92.2%, respectively. Those who did not have both tongue cleaning and morning tooth brushing were more likely to have poor BP control and diabetes than those who did, with odds ratios (95% CI) of 1.76 (1.14–2.72) and 1.33 (1.00–1.77), respectively. The association with poor BP control was particularly pronounced among those aged ≧ 65 years, with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 1.77 (1.04–3.03). Conclusions: Unable to have both tongue cleaning and morning tooth brushing habits may be associated with prevalent risk of hypertension and diabetes. Future longitudinal studies will be conducted to demonstrate a causal relationship.

Assessment of the oral health literacy and oral health behaviors among nurses in China: a cross-sectional study

PurposeOral health is important for general health; nurses are expected to possess good oral health awareness and work together for public oral health promotion. The purpose of this study is to investigate oral health literacy (OHL)and oral health behaviors of nurses, and explore the association between oral health literacy with demographic variables and oral health behaviors.MethodsA cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital was conducted using a short-form Health Literacy in Dentistry-14 (HeLD-14) and a 16-items oral health behaviors questionnaire. Information about the subjects’ demographic details including age, gender, place of residence, marital status, marital status, education level, monthly household income, working experience, etc. were collected. Independent sample t- test, One- way ANOVA, and multivariable regression were used to identify the association of oral health literacy with demographic variables and oral health behaviors.ResultsA total number of 317 nursing nurses participated in the survey, with a mean OHL score of 36.72, SD10.531, 21.8% were categorized as good, 34.1% medium and 44.2% poor oral health literacy; monthly household income, self-rated oral health, brushing time, use of fluoride toothpaste, and regular oral examination were signficantly associated with OHL scores.ConclusionThe overall oral health literacy of the nurse population is at a moderate to low level. These findings may help to map and design an oral health education intervention to improve oral health literacy amongst nurses, especially nurses with low monthly household income and poor self-assessed oral health status. Nursing administrators and nursing educators should pay more attention to the oral health status of the nurse population.

Literature Review: Parental Behavior in the Habit of Brushing Preschool Children's Teeth Against Early Childhood Caries

Oral and dental health is a component of general health and is also an essential factor in the normal growth of children. Caries affecting infants, toddlers, and pre-schoolers describe a unique pattern of caries lesions called Early Childhood Caries (ECC). The purpose of this study was to describe parents' behaviour in brushing habits of preschool children against early childhood caries. This research is a literature review. The population in this study were 15,231 journals, both national and international, related to the behaviour of parents in brushing their teeth in preschool children against early childhood caries. The sample in this study was 15 journals published in 2015-2020. Based on the review literature on journals, it was found that the knowledge and skills of parents about the habit of brushing teeth, time and frequency of brushing teeth influenced early childhood caries in preschool children. Thus, the school should collaborate with the Puskemas concerning efforts to improve children's oral and dental health, which includes counselling on how to brush teeth properly, when brushing teeth and routine check-ups at the Puskesmas or the dentist.

Cleansing efficacy of an auto-cleaning toothbrushing device with nylon bristles: a randomized-controlled pilot study

ObjectivesTo compare the cleansing efficacy of an auto-cleaning device with nylon bristles (Y-brush®) to that of manual toothbrushing.Materials and methodsTwenty probands refrained from oral hygiene for 3 days. Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index was assessed before and after (randomized) toothbrushing either with the auto-cleaning device for 5 s per jaw or with a manual toothbrush for a freely chosen time up to 4 min. The clinical investigation was repeated in a cross-over design. In a third trial period, the brushing time for auto-cleaning was increased to 15 s per jaw. The study was supplemented by plaster cast analyses.ResultsFull-mouth plaque reduction was higher with manual toothbrushing than with auto-cleaning for 5 s per jaw (p < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference on smooth tooth surfaces but on marginal and interdental sites. Increasing the brushing time of auto-cleaning to 15 s per jaw resulted in a comparable full-mouth plaque reduction as with manual toothbrushing (p = 0.177). In 95% of individuals, the device was too short not completely covering second molars. In 30.67% of teeth, the gingival margin was not covered by bristles.ConclusionsAuto-cleaning devices with nylon bristles have a future potential to reach plaque reduction levels comparable to manual toothbrushing, although manufacturers must focus on improving an accurate fit.Clinical relevanceUnder the premise of an ameliorated fit, the auto-cleaning device might be recommendable for people with low brushing efficacy. Interdental sites remain a failure point if adjunct interdental cleaning is not viable.

EDUKASI MENYIKAT GIGI DENGAN BENAR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN GIGI BERLUBANG (KARIES) PADA MURID SD NEGERI 4 SUREN KABUPATEN JEMBER

Brushing teeth is the easiest way to maintain dental and oral health. Elementary school age children have a susceptibility to problems with teeth and mouth. Risk factors that are still driving the high prevalence of dental cavities (caries) in children include: incorrect brushing techniques; inappropriate brushing time and frequency; intake of cariogenic food and drink; low supervision from parents; and the lack of knowledge of children on how to maintain dental and oral health. The problem of cavities in children interferes with the growth and development and attendance of children at school. The purpose of the study: to improve the knowledge and skills of students at SD Negeri 4 Suren on how to brush their teeth properly. Research method: the activity was carried out offline at SD Negeri 4 Suren, on Saturday, August 20, 2022. A series of counseling activities included licensing to the principal of SD Negeri 4 Suren, giving a tooth brushing practice pretest, delivering material verbally assisted by poster media, material in in the form of power points, educational videos, followed by a demonstration of phantom teeth followed by hands-on practice, and giving posttest. Results and conclusions: The pretest results showed 2 out of 10 students answered correctly, while the posttest results showed all students answered the questions correctly. This shows that counseling activities increase students' insight into dental and oral health. Keywords: dental health; caries; Suren Village

Evaluation of Oral Hygiene-Related Mobile Apps for Children in Sub-Saharan Africa.

In sub-Saharan Africa, oral health is a real epidemiological challenge. Mobile applications represent a hope for the learning of oral hygiene in children and the fight against oral diseases. This study overviews and assesses the quality of mobile applications linked to oral hygiene for children currently featured on the iOS and Android stores in sub-Saharan Africa. Ten oral health professionals (OHP) used the French Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS-F) to rate 15 selected applications. The highest MARS-F scores for overall quality were reported for Bonne nuit Caillou (3.89 ± 0.74), Mon Raccoon (3.63 ± 0.95), and Chomper Chums (3.54 ± 0.54) while the lowest MARS-F scores for overall quality were achieved by Brushing time (2.31 ± 0.61), De belles dents (2.55 ± 0.55) and Brushing Hero (2.77 ± 0.53). The subjective quality scores ranged from 1.50 ± 0.68 for Brushing time to 3.25 ± 0.97 for Bonne nuit Caillou. Specificity scores ranged from 1.95 ± 0.88 (Brushing time) to 3.75 ± 0.84 (Bonne nuit Caillou). Thus, OHP rated positively the quality of the majority of mobile applications linked to oral hygiene for children, their effect on users’ knowledge, attitudes, and intentions to change, and the probability of effective oral hygiene behavior modification. They stated that they would recommend their use to their patients who need them. However, studies analyzing the change in oral hygiene behavior of children using these apps need to be conducted.

SKILLS OF INDIVIDUAL ORAL HYGIENE IN CHILDREN WITH ORTHODONTIC PATHOLOGY

Relevance. Orthodontic pathology contributes to the deterioration of the hygienic condition of the oral cavity in children and increases the risk of developing dental caries and inflammatory periodontal diseases. In this regard, rational and effective oral hygiene becomes especially relevant.&#x0D; Aim of this study is to analyze the results of a questionnaire of children with orthodontic pathology regarding the skills of individual oral hygiene and oral hygiene products they use.&#x0D; Materials and methods. A dental examination of 138 children aged from 14 to 17 years with orthodontic pathology was carried out. Before starting the treatment, the children filled out a specially developed questionnaire that contained 20 questions with suggested answer options. The children were surveyed in the presence of parents; the children answered the questions independently by filling out a Google form, parents were not allowed to intrude into the survey.&#x0D; Results. 73 children (52.9%) followed the recommendations to brush their teeth twice a day in the morning and in the evening. 47 (34.1%) children reported about brushing their teeth in the morning only and 6 (4,3%) children brushed their teeth in the evening. 35 (25.4%) children admitted that they did not brush their teeth every day. 76 children (55.1%), i.e. more than half, were fount to spend no more than 1 minute for toothbrushing, another 35 surveyed children (25.4%) indicated that their brushing time, as a rule, did not exceed 2 minutes, and only 25 children (18.1%) followed the recommended time of 3-5 minutes. Among all the participants, 53 children (38.4%) regularly brushed their teeth after meals, 28 (20.3%) – before meals. 57 children (41.3%) reported no established order between meals and oral routine in the morning, some of them said that oral hygiene might depend on food, others paid no attention to the sequence between meal and oral hygiene. 66 (47.8%) children are not interested in the immediate result of the performed cleaning, 42 children (30.4%) received some information about the quality of oral cavity care only at a dentist’s appointment, 30 children (21.7%) monitored the state of oral hygiene by using mirror without the additional dye indicators. The vast majority of children, 57.2%, used a manual toothbrush for oral hygiene, 31 children (22.5%) reported about regular use of an electric toothbrush, and 28 children (20.3%) indicated for periodic alternation regarding the use of toothbrushes of one or another type of teeth. 58 children (42.0%) indicated that the main motivational incentives for choosing brushes were their design and colour, while 33 (23.9%) and 24 (17,4%) children chose brushes based on the advice of their dentists or parents, respectively. 15 children&#x0D; (10.9%) chose toothbrushes without attaching any importance to this. Every 2-3 months, 67 children (48.6%) replaced a worn-out toothbrush with a new one, every 4-6 months – 27 children (19.6%), 40 children (29.0%) were not interested in the replacement period. All the participants used toothpaste, but half of them, namely, 70 children (50.7%), were guided by its organoleptic properties, colour, package design, etc. when choosing paste; 49 children (35.5%) followed the recommendations of dentists, while 11 children (8.0%) did not think about what toothpaste to choose. Toothpastes with complex action or anti-caries activity were used by 44 (31.9%) and 40 (29.0%) children, respectively, but 22 children (15.9%) did not pay any attention to toothpaste composition, indications and contraindication. Some children are informed about interdental hygiene products. Thus, 21 children (15.2%) reported about regular use of dental floss for interdental cleaning, 12 children (8.7%) also used it, but only occasionally, 26 children (18.8%) indicated that they used an irrigator, but at the same time 105 children (76.1%) never used dental floss, and 112 (81.2%) used an irrigator.&#x0D; Conclusion. According to the results of the questionnaire, the level of awareness of children with orthodontic pathology about rational and effective individual oral hygiene routine and products is far from being completely satisfactory. The development of additional oral hygiene recommendations for children with such problems seems appropriate and necessary.

Access to information on oral hygiene and mothers' practices of children with microcephaly caused by Zika virus.

To verify whether access to information about oral hygiene influenced the practices of caregivers of children with microcephaly caused by Zika virus (ZIKV). A case series study was developed at the Mens Sana Rehabilitation Center, in the municipality of Arcoverde, Pernambuco, Brazil. The study universe included the mothers of 32 children with microcephaly caused by Zika virus. Data collection took place in June 2018 and was carried out through a structured questionnaire. The variables studied comprised socioeconomic issues, habits, diet, and knowledge about oral hygiene. Fisher's Exact and Pearson's Chi-square tests were used with a significance level of 5%. Out of 32 individuals eligible to participate in the study, only 27 were selected. Most mothers reported receiving information about oral hygiene from their infants (63.0%). Fisher's Exact and Pearson's Chi-square tests showed that access to oral hygiene information was associated with mother's education, family income, regular visits to the dentist, frequency of tooth brushing, age at which the infant started brushing, and brushing time (p < 0.05). Access to information about oral hygiene positively influenced the oral health care of mothers with their children with microcephaly caused by ZIKV.

The Cleaning and Whitening Ability of Charcoal Containing Toothpastes and Homeopathic Remedies on Human Tooth Enamel

The purpose of this research was to determine the cleaning and whitening ability of two charcoal containing toothpastes compared with baking soda, activated charcoal and a hydrogen peroxide containing whitening toothpaste. Tea-stained enamel/dentin slices were mounted dentin side down in cylinders of auto-polymerizing acrylic and subjected to simulated brushin g. Total color, ΔE, and stained area were measured using a reflectance spectrophotometer and ImageJ software using a Hue, Chroma, and Brightness color threshold method; respectively, at prescribed brushing intervals of baseline, months 1, 6 and 12. A two- w ay repeated measure analysis of variance was performed, with included factors being toothpaste group and time. Statistical analys is revealed the included factor of brushing time interval was significant (p<0.05) for both ΔE and stained area. There was significant interaction for both main effects (p<0.05) for the dependent variable of stained area alone. Significant reduction in ΔE values occurred in all groups except Optic White at the 1-month interval. Statistically significant reduction in stained area occurred at 1-mon th for the baking soda group only. Post-hoc Tukey HSD tests revealed there was significant group*time interaction for baking soda at month 1 for the variable stained area. The charcoal containing (Crest 3D with Charcoal and Colgate Essentials) and non-charcoal contai ning toothpastes (Optic White) only produced a significant stain removal at the 6-month interval.

Association between tooth brushing behavior and diabetes mellitus occurrence in Indonesia

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disease that is characterized by hyperglycemia, a condition where blood glucose level is higher than normal. Recent researches have shown that tooth brushing frequency is a potential risk factor for DM. Indonesian Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) collected the data of tooth brushing behavior of Indonesian people in 2018 according to the time of the tooth brushing. The data showed that the majority of Indonesian people brushed their teeth every day, but only 2.8 % of them did it at the right time. This problem might have an association with DM occurrence in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the tooth brushing behavior and DM occurrence association in Indonesia using the Indonesian Basic Health Research 2018 data. This cross-sectional study used a total of 455,040 interviewed respondents aged 30-80 years old that had complete data of their daily tooth brushing behavior. Tooth brushing behavior was the main independent variable. Other independent variables were age, sex, sweet drinks consumption, sweet foods consumption, fatty foods consumption, fruits and vegetables consumption, physical activity, and obesity. The dependent variable was the occurrence of DM based on diagnosis by doctor.

Theory-Guided Remote Cooperative Learning-Based Preventive Dental Education as Part of the School Curriculum.

Oral health is fundamental to overall well-being. As teens are at high risk for tooth decay, we require a unique approach to motivate them to maintain oral health. Sixty-four adolescents (10-13 years) were recruited from 2 schools. Oral health education was based on cooperative learning guided by the social determination theory (SDT) principles. Students' oral health knowledge and oral self-care skills were assessed at baseline (before education), 3 weeks, and 6months after the education. Complete data were available for 51 students (follow-up rate 79.7%). There were significant (p < 0.001) changes in the mean (SD) toothbrushing score from 10.1 (±6.3) (baseline) to 26.5 (±6.0) (follow-up 1) and to 28.1 (±5.3) (follow-up 2). The mean (SD) tooth brushing time significantly (p < 0.001) increased from the baseline of 84.0 (±43.5) to the first follow-up to 107.0 (±39.8) and to 102.3 (±33.1) at the second follow-up. The mean (SD) diet knowledge scores significantly (p < 0.001) increased from 8.2 (±2.1) at the baseline to 10.2 (±2.7) at the first follow-up and remained the same at the second follow-up. Social determination theory-guided cooperative learning was efficient in improving student oral health-related knowledge and oral self-care skills, and this improvement was maintained for 6 months after the discontinued education.

Prevalence of Dental Caries, Oral Hygiene Status, and Associated Risk Factors Among Schoolgoing Children of Rajshahi District in Bangladesh

Introduction: Dental caries is one of the most prevalent and chronic oral diseases, particularly in childhood, associated with multifactorial causation.&#x0D; Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries, oral hygiene status, and associated risk factors among school-going children of Rajshahi District in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional design type of descriptive study was carried out among primary school-going children of 5-13 years of age in the Rajshahi district. The sample size was 2000, and that was selected purposively. Data were collected through a partially structured questionnaire. Descriptive variables were explained with mean and standard deviation. The Chi-square test was applied to see the relationship with qualitative variables. Statistical significance was found by applying relevant statistical tests at an appropriate probability level (p&lt;0.05 or &lt;0.01).&#x0D; Results: A total of 2000 children between 5-13 years of age participated in this survey. The study findings showed a high prevalence of dental caries among 8–10-years old school children. Most (56.9%) of the respondents' fathers were workers, and most (86.3%) of the respondents' mothers were homemakers. It was found that 64.2% of the respondents' fathers and 74.05% of the respondents' mothers had below SSC level of education. About 60% of the respondents brushed their teeth twice a day, and a good number (81.0%) brushed their teeth before breakfast. The majority (68.80%) of the respondents had a family history of dental problems, and 45.6% had average oral hygiene. A large number (49.6%) of the respondents' favorite food was junk food. The relationship of age of the respondents with oral hygiene status was found to be statistically significant (p &lt;0.001) but not with sex, parents' education, and occupation (p &gt;0.05 each). The relationship of oral hygiene status of the respondents was found to be statistically significant with the frequency of tooth brushing (p &lt;0.05), time of tooth brushing (p &lt;0.01), family history of dental problems (p &lt;0.05), most favorite food (p &lt;.001), dental plaque index (p &lt;0.001) and dental caries index (p &lt;0.001).&#x0D; Conclusions: The prevalence of dental caries was higher among school-going children in the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh.&#x0D; TAJ 2022; 35: No-1: 125-136

Influence of the Amount of Toothpaste on Cleaning Efficacy: An In Vitro Study.

The aim of this in vitro study was to test the influence of the amount of toothpaste on enamel cleaning efficacy. The hydrated silica-based test toothpaste (radioactive dentin abrasion: 60.19 ± 1.35) contained all ingredients of a regular fluoride toothpaste. The cleaning efficacy of four different toothpaste amounts (1.00 g, 0.50 g [both "full length of brush"], 0.25 g ["pea-size"], and 0.125 g ["grain of rice-size"]) diluted in 1.00 mL water were each tested for different brushing times (10, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 300 seconds) using a standardized staining model on human molars with a brushing machine. Photographic documentation and colorimetric measurements were conducted, respectively, initially, after staining and after each brushing step. Colorimetric measurements were used to calculate the stain removal (in %). Results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey test and Levene's test for analysis of homogeneity of variance. The level of significance α was set at ≤ 0.05. The cleaning efficacy decreased significantly when using smaller toothpaste amounts. Stain removal after 120 seconds brushing time was: 77.4 ± 5.0% (1.00 g toothpaste), 75.7 ± 3.4% (0.50 g toothpaste), 54.1 ± 6.7% (0.25 g toothpaste), and 48.2 ± 7.1% (0.125 g toothpaste), respectively. In this in vitro study the cleaning efficacy of a medium-abrasive, hydrated silica-based toothpaste was analyzed. Note that 1.00 g toothpaste showed for all brushing times a significantly higher cleaning efficacy than 0.25 g toothpaste and 0.125 g toothpaste.

LITERATURE REVIEW: PERILAKU MENYIKAT GIGI PADA REMAJA SEBAGAI UPAYA PEMELIHARAAN KESEHATAN GIGI DAN MULUT

Background: DMF-T of adolescent grup is 1.9. This number can figure out still does not meet the RAN target for Dental and Oral Health Services in 2020, namely the DMF-T index of 4.1 for all ages and the DMF-T index of 1.26 in the 12 year age group.&#x0D; Objective: This study aims to determine the form of adolescent behavior in brushing teeth.&#x0D; Methods: This study was a literature review using the method of searching for articles that have passed the publication process in 4 academic publications and full text databases, namely Google Scholar, PubMed, Proquest, and DOAJ published in the last 5 years 2016-2020 which can be accessed in full text in pdf and formats. scholarly.&#x0D; Conclusion: Some teenagers brush their teeth twice a day, but there are still teenagers who have not perform brushing behavior with the recommended frequency of brushing teeth. Teens tend to brush their teeth at night. However, there are some teenagers who have not paid attention to the time of brushing their teeth properly. Most adolescents use a combination technique and some use vertical techniques and female adolescents abroad tend to use dental floss as a supporting tool for brushing their teeth.

Effects of interactive power toothbrush with or without application assistance on the plaque, gingivitis, and gingival abrasion among dental students: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

The purpose of this randomized controlled study is to determine if an interactive power toothbrush (PTB) with application (app) promotes additional benefit on dental plaque, gingivitis, and gingival abrasion to that of a manual toothbrush (MTB). Ninety participants (dental students) diagnosed with gingivitis were randomly assigned, into three groups, 1:1:1 ratio, given an app-assisted interactive PTB (PTB-A) (Oral-B Genius® Rechargeable 8000 PTB with CrossAction brush head) or the same PTB without app-assistance (PTB-NA) or a regular MTB for home-use. Plaque was assessed using the Turesky modification of the Quigley and Hein Plaque Index (QHPI-TM), and gingivitis was evaluated using the Bleeding on Marginal Probing Index (BOMP) at baseline (T0), week 2 (T1), and week 8 (T2). Gingival abrasions were recorded at T1 and T2. Exit survey was used to assess brushing time and visual-analogue-scale (VAS) scores. PTB improved QHPI-TM significantly in terms of time-dependent changes, irrespective of app-assistance. BOMP was observed to be statistically lower in PTB-A than in MTB only at T2. Brushing times were longer in PTB-A than in MTB. Gingival abrasion was less in both PTB than MTB. PTB-A had better results to MTB in cleaning ability according to subject-reported outcomes. Both PTBs were more effective to MTB; however, the app-assisted interactive PTB was similar to the non-assisted one in plaque removal efficacy, gingivitis reduction, and incidence of gingival abrasion, yet better than MTB in cleaning ability. Developing an application software to prevent gingival abrasion might be clinically beneficial regardless of the individual factor. ClinicalTrial.gov ID: NCT05150132.

Effect of Brushing Time with a Whitening Dentifrice on Surface Roughness of Anterior Composite ResinsRoughness of Anterior Composite Resi

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the surface roughness of three anterior composite resins with different filler size, rate, and shape after brushing for 5000, 10000, and 20000 cycles with a whitening dentifrice. Methods: 44 disk-shaped specimens of each material (5mm diameter, 2mm depth) G-aenial Anterior, Harmonize, Asteria were prepared and divided into four groups according to the brushing cycles (Initial, 5000, 10000, and 20000 cycles). Initial surface roughness values (Ra-values) were assessed using a profilometer and measurements were repeated after each brushing cycle. 4 specimens from each composite resin were observed by scanning electron microscopy before and after brushing. The data were analyzed by Shapiro Wilk., ANOVA, Tukey, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests (p&lt;0.05). Results: The Ra-values of all groups increased in proportion to the number of brushing cycles (p&lt;.05). The Ra-values of both Asteria and Harmonize were significantly lower than the G-aenial after all brushing cycles (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: All of the materials demonstrated surface irregularities after 20.000 brushing cycles corresponding to 24 months. The degree of surface alteration increased with brushing time and depends on the composite’s filler rate, size, and shape.

Differences in Dental Caries Rates Based on Tooth Brushing Time

Introduction: The habit of brushing your teeth is the most important thing in preventing oral health, based on data when brushing your teeth shows that the self-preservation behavior of the Indonesian people in oral health is still very low. This is shown by data that 91.1% of Indonesians have brushed their teeth, but only 7.3% have the right behavior when brushing their teeth. The aim of this study was to determine the difference in dental caries rates on tooth brushing behavior after breakfast and before going to bed at night. This type of research is Explanatory Research with a survey method with a Cross-Sectional approach. The sample in this study were 49 residents of RT10/RW05 Raja Village, Ngabang District, Landak District. The data collected is in the form of data sources obtained directly, by examining the dental caries rate (DMF-T). From the results of the study using the Independent sample test statistic, it was found that the mean / average brushing teeth in the morning after breakfast and before going to bed was 0.22 and the mean / average brushing teeth while bathing was 0.78 and the average difference was 0.56 with an average difference of 0.031, the probability is 0.839, because the probability is greater than 0.05, which means there is no difference in the number of dental caries on the behavior of brushing your teeth after breakfast and before going to bed at night with the behavior of brushing your teeth while bathing in RT10/RW05 Desa Raja , Ngabang District, Landak District. The better the behavior of cleaning teeth, the better the level of dental hygiene and the better the dental caries rate and vice versa. It is recommended for future research to examine the relationship between brushing teeth after breakfast and before going to bed at night. Pendahuluan: Kebiasaan menyikat gigi merupakan hal yang terpenting dalam pencegahan kesehatan gigi dan mulut, berdasarkan data waktu menyikat gigi menunjukkan bahwa perilaku pelihara diri masyarakat Indonesia dalam kesehatan mulut masih sangat rendah. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh data bahwa 91,1% penduduk Indonesia sudah menyikat gigi, namun hanya 7,3% yang berperilaku benar dalam waktu menyikat gigi. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan angka karies gigi terhadap perilaku menyikat gigi setelah sarapan pagi dan sebelum tidur malam. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Explanatory Research dengan metode survey dengan pendekatan Cross-Sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Warga RT10/RW05 Desa Raja, Kecamatan Ngabang, Kabupaten Landak sebanyak 49 orang. Data yang di kumpulkan berupa sumber data yang di peroleh langsung, dengan pemeriksaan angka karies gigi (DMF-T). Dari hasil penelitian menggunakan uji statistik Independent sample test di peroleh mean/rata-rata menyikat gigi pagi setelah sarapan dan malam sebelum tidur adalah 0,22 dan mean/rata-rata menyikat gigi saat mandi adalah 0,78 dan selisih rata-rata 0,56 dengan perbedaan rata-rata 0,031, probabilitasnya 0,839, karena probabilitasnya lebih besar dari 0,05 yang artinya tidak ada perbedaan angka karies gigi terhadap perilaku menyikat gigi setelah sarapan pagi dan sebelum tidur malam dengan perilaku menyikat gigi saat mandi di RT10/RW05 Desa Raja, Kecamatan Ngabang, Kabupaten Landak. Semakin baik perilaku membersihkan gigi semakin baik tingkat kebersihan gig dan semakin baik pula angka karies gigi dan begitu pula sebaliknya. Disarankan untuk penelitian selanjutnya meneliti terkait tentang hubungan menyikat gigi setelah sarapan pagi dan sebelum tidur malam.

Association Between Chronic Periodontal Disease and Erectile Dysfunction: A Case-Control Study.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) and chronic periodontal disease (CPD) share mutual risk factors, and the incidence of ED is increasing among young adults. The relation of CPD and ED remains obscure due to inconsistent clinical evidence. This study aimed to further assess the relationship between CPD and ED using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN) and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). Totally, 202 adult men were included, with 100 subjects with ED in the case group and 102 subjects without ED undergoing routine dental examinations in the control group. The IIEF questionnaire was used to assess the severity of ED, and CPD was assessed through the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) score. Periodontal assessments were performed by one single calibrated examiner. Logistic regression analysis was performed for the association between CPD and ED. After adjustment for age, smoking status, tooth brushing time, education level, monthly income, tooth brushing frequency, and gum bleeding, higher CPI score was identified to be associated with a greater risk of ED (odds ratio [OR] = 2.755, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.400, 5.423], p = .003), suggesting that CPD was positively associated with the odds of ED. CPD was getting more severe with the progress of ED (p < .05). Men with ED could be encouraged to receive routine dental examinations and appropriate preventive dental measures to maintain oral and periodontal health.