Brownfield Research Articles

Urban Forests and Green Areas as Nature-Based Solutions for Brownfield Redevelopment: A Case Study from Brescia Municipal Area (Italy)

Urban areas are experiencing major changes and facing significant sustainability challenges. Many cities are undergoing a transition towards a post-industrial phase and need to consider the regeneration of brownfield sites. Nature-Based Solutions (NBSs) are increasingly considered as tools for supporting this transition and promoting sustainable development by delivering multiple ecosystem services (ESs). Although the potential of NBSs as a cost-effective enabler of urban sustainability has been recognized, their implementation faces numerous barriers. The effective assessment of benefits delivered by urban NBSs is considered by existing literature as one of them. In order to contribute to filling this knowledge gap, we analyzed two alternative NBS-based intervention scenarios—i.e., (1) an urban forest and (2) meadows with sparse trees—for the redevelopment of an urban brownfield area within the municipality of Brescia (Northern Italy). Nine ESs were assessed both in biophysical and economic terms via a combination of modeling (InVEST, i-Tree and ESTIMAP) and traditional estimation methods. The results show that both scenarios improve ES stock and flow compared to the baseline, ensuring annual flows ranging between 140,000 and 360,000 EUR/year. Scenario 1 shows higher values when single ESs are considered, while scenario 2 shows higher total values, as it also accounts for the phytoremediation capacity that is not considered under the first scenario. All in all, regulating ESs represent the bulk of estimated ESs, thus highlighting the potential of proposed NBSs for improving urban resilience. The ES assessment and valuation exercise presented within this paper is an example of how research and practice can be integrated to inform urban management activities, and provide inputs for future decision making and planning regarding urban developments.

Ecological remediation strategy for urban brownfield renewal in Sichuan Province, China: a health risk evaluation perspective

Urban brownfield sites are abandoned industrial land and their redevelopment may be affected by environmental pollution, as the latter may pose health risks for residents. In this study, six heavy metals (Pb, As, Cr, Zn, Ni, and Cu) were examined from 87 soil samples extracted from four land use types (industrial area, residential/commercial area, traffic area, and agricultural area) in the Mianyang thermal power plant area, Sichuan Province, China. The soil contamination and environmental risk were evaluated using the single factor index, geo-accumulation index and Human Health Risk Evaluation. ArcGIS was used to map out the spatial distribution of heavy metal concentrations and environmental risk. The results of these analyses have indicated that different land use types have significant effects on the heavy metal contamination of soil. There are 10 non-carcinogenic risk areas of heavy metals in industrial land, while in the other three types there are 9 non-carcinogenic risk areas of heavy metals. Under the brownfield renewal planning, the present study scheme provides an effective method of discernment for ecological remediation of soil heavy metals. In addition, it can aid brownfield in finding different remediation strategies with economic benefits for different risk levels of human health.

The underappreciated value of brownfield sites: motivations and challenges associated with maintaining biodiversity

Protection and mitigation of biodiversity are essential within land-use planning; highlighted by the increased importance of nature during the global pandemic and the fight against climate change. Currently, the character of both the land and decision-makers can influence the weight biodiversity is ascribed within planning processes. Through analysis of semi-structured interviews, with various actors within the Northamptonshire planning system, this research explored the opportunities and challenges around promoting biodiversity across brownfield sites; the motivations for conservation by different planning actors; and what this means for the future of urban habitats on previously developed land. This research found that brownfield sites continue to be undervalued for their biodiversity potential, predominantly due to the downplaying of ecological expertise in decision-making. With England’s proposed planning reforms, this paper argues that tensions between brownfield redevelopment and biodiversity conservation stand to be further exacerbated as the government intends to “scythe through red tape” (Johnson 2020b).

Urban Dwellings, Haitian Citizenships: Housing, Memory, and Daily Life in Haiti by Vincent Joos

Reviewed by: Urban Dwellings, Haitian Citizenships: Housing, Memory, and Daily Life in Haiti by Vincent Joos Chelsey L. Kivland Urban Dwellings, Haitian Citizenships: Housing, Memory, and Daily Life in Haiti. By Vincent Joos. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2002. ISBN: 9781501746994. 240 pp. $34.95 paperback. Of the City: Being and Becoming in the Fragility of Port-au-Prince Today In Urban Dwellings, Haitian Citizenships: Housing, Memory, and Daily Life in Haiti, Vincent Joos, assistant professor of French at Florida State University, accompanies several Port-au-Prince residents as they attempt to remake (and renew) their lives in the wake of the 2010 earthquake. Whether longstanding residents or post-disaster arrivals helping in the recovery, the contributors to this book want the country to develop its economy from the creativity, intelligence, and strong work ethic of the Haitian people. At times this vision can feel a bit aspirational, but then we are shown how entrepreneurs have repurposed their pasts to create a new business or organization post-earthquake. Through interviews, informal conversation, and everyday participant-observations, where he joins the activities of his interlocutors, Joos follows their pursuits of incomes and identities as the proprietors of “funeral parlors, beauty salons, restaurants, garages, and warehouses” (142). He takes us on walks, bus routes, and taxi rides, and to the front porches of urban houses and apartments. We learn that these are spaces where the talk of gwo politik and ti politik (“big politics” and “small politics,” meaning world-historical events and everyday affairs), and their interlinkages, dominate the conversation. The space of the city, as Joos illustrates, is a space of mobility and sociality, despite all the risks these activities entail. What is remarkable about this book is how it allows us to enter the lifeworlds of average urban Haitians and to grapple with the challenges they face in pursuing a life alèz (at ease). The book unfolds over five substantive chapters, each of which takes the reader into a scene of post-earthquake reconstruction and development. Chapter 1, “Developing Disasters: Dispossession and Industrialization in Northern Haiti,” covers the construction of Caracol Industrial Park on the northeastern coast of Haiti, where hundreds were promised employment and a modern way of life. Joos shows, however, that the US textile and clothing companies have not only failed to provide a living wage to factory employees but also destroyed the farmland that the now factory workers once cultivated. Once a most fertile region of Haiti, the Caracol region has become an industrial wasteland. [End Page 128] Chapter 2, “Industrial Framers: Abstract and Disciplinarian Landscapes in Post-earthquake Haiti,” focuses on the fallout of the construction of post-earthquake housing developments and asks how access to this new housing has been shaped by familial ties or kin relationships. The case under study is the state-led housing program of Village Lumane Casimir, a rural area outside Port-au-Prince that is named after the famous singer. Following the earthquake, a project took root to build an industrial park in the area. Through meeting with development agents and townsfolk, Joos reveals what is often hidden in policy reports—the social conflicts and jealousies that arise between developers and the to-be-developed. He also reveals how a regime of discipline, as Michel Foucault would name it, undergirds the workings of the development apparatus, showing that this regime takes place through policing workplace behavior and cultural practices. Regulating how to dress, talk, and carry oneself, as well as compelling employees to be on time, minimize breaks, limit trips to the bathroom, and not disturb their coworkers with tripotay (gossip), these corrections are part of what is at stake in “disciplining” the new workforce. I would welcome more discussion of how these tactics underscore a method of creating laborers specifically for industrial, factory work, which is quite different from the agricultural labor of the peasantry, where song and dance infuse the workday. Chapter 3, “State Interventions: Infrastructure and Citizenship,” scrutinizes post-earthquake development in Martissant, a district of Port-au-Prince that once housed political leaders and the professional classes. Following the collapse of the Duvalier family dictatorship...

A cross-sectional study of brownfields and birth defects.

Brownfields are a multitude of abandoned and disused sites, spanning many former purposes. Brownfields represent a heterogenous yet ubiquitous exposure for many Americans, which may contain hazardous wastes and represent urban blight. Neonates and pregnant individuals are often sensitive to subtle environmental exposures. We evaluate whether residential brownfield exposure is associated with birth defects. Using North Carolina birth records from 2003 to 2015, we sampled 753,195 births with 39,495 defects identified. We examined defect groups and 30 distinct phenotypes. Number of brownfields within 2,000 m of the residential address at birth was summed. We utilized mixed effects multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and environmental covariates available from birth records, 2010 Census, and EPA's Environmental Quality Index to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We observed positive associations between cardiovascular and external defect groups (OR [95% CI]: 1.07 [1.02-1.13] and 1.17 [1.01-1.35], respectively) and any brownfield exposure. We also observed positive associations with atrial septal and ventricular septal defects (1.08 [1.01-1.16] and 1.15 [1.03-1.28], respectively), congenital cataracts (1.38 [0.98-1.96]), and an inverse association with gastroschisis (0.74 [0.58-0.94]). Effect estimates for several additional defects were positive, though we observed null associations for most group and individual defects. Additional analyses indicated an exposure-response relationship for several defects across levels of brownfield exposure. Our results indicate that residential proximity to brownfields is associated with birth defects, especially cardiovascular and external defects. In-depth analyses of individual defects and specific contaminants or brownfield sites may reveal additional novel associations.

Metal Accumulation and Biomass Production in Young Afforestations Established on Soil Contaminated by Heavy Metals.

The restoration of forest ecosystems on metal-contaminated sites can be achieved whilst producing valuable plant biomass. Here, we investigated the metal accumulation and biomass production of young afforestations on contaminated plots by simulating brownfield site conditions. On 16 3-m2 plots, the 15 cm topsoil was experimentally contaminated with Zn/Cu/Pb/Cd = 2854/588/103/9.2 mg kg−1 using smelter filter dust, while 16 uncontaminated plots (Zn/Cu/Pb/Cd = 97/28/37/< 1) were used as controls. Both the calcareous (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 4.2) subsoils remained uncontaminated. The afforestations consisted of groups of conifers, deciduous trees, and understorey plants. During the four years of cultivation, 2254/86/0.35/10 mg m−2 Zn/Cu/Pb/Cd were extracted from the contaminated soils and transferred to the aboveground parts of the plants (1279/72/0.06/5.5 mg m−2 in the controls). These extractions represented 3/2/3% of the soluble soil Zn/Cu/Cd fractions. The conifers showed 4–8 times lower root-to-shoot translocation of Cu and Zn than the deciduous trees. The contamination did not affect the biomass of the understorey plants and reduced that of the trees by 23% at most. Hence, we conclude that the afforestation of brown field sites with local tree species is an interesting option for their reclamation from an ecological as well as economic perspective.

Demonstrating a systems approach for integrating disparate data streams to inform decisions on children\u2019s environmental health

BackgroundThe use of systems science methodologies to understand complex environmental and human health relationships is increasing. Requirements for advanced datasets, models, and expertise limit current application of these approaches by many environmental and public health practitioners.MethodsA conceptual system-of-systems model was applied for children in North Carolina counties that includes example indicators of children’s physical environment (home age, Brownfield sites, Superfund sites), social environment (caregiver’s income, education, insurance), and health (low birthweight, asthma, blood lead levels). The web-based Toxicological Prioritization Index (ToxPi) tool was used to normalize the data, rank the resulting vulnerability index, and visualize impacts from each indicator in a county. Hierarchical clustering was used to sort the 100 North Carolina counties into groups based on similar ToxPi model results. The ToxPi charts for each county were also superimposed over a map of percentage county population under age 5 to visualize spatial distribution of vulnerability clusters across the state.ResultsData driven clustering for this systems model suggests 5 groups of counties. One group includes 6 counties with the highest vulnerability scores showing strong influences from all three categories of indicators (social environment, physical environment, and health). A second group contains 15 counties with high vulnerability scores driven by strong influences from home age in the physical environment and poverty in the social environment. A third group is driven by data on Superfund sites in the physical environment.ConclusionsThis analysis demonstrated how systems science principles can be used to synthesize holistic insights for decision making using publicly available data and computational tools, focusing on a children’s environmental health example. Where more traditional reductionist approaches can elucidate individual relationships between environmental variables and health, the study of collective, system-wide interactions can enable insights into the factors that contribute to regional vulnerabilities and interventions that better address complex real-world conditions.

Presence of Priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Chromium, Copper and Lead in Two selected Brownfield Sites in United Kingdom

In recent years, concerns about adverse effects of increasing land contamination paralleled with the increasing demand for land has emphasized need for sustainable remediation strategies. Soil samples were collected from two brownfield sites, in Saltley, Birmingham and Swansea, South Wales, United Kingdom and analysed to establish the extent of contamination by priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. Saltley site had a total PAH concentration of 41.0 mg kg-1 with high concentrations of phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene and benzo[a]pyrene, total benzo[a]pyrene equivalent value of 6.0 mg kg-1 and total carcinogenic PAH of 19.0 mg kg-1. At the Swansea site, total PAH concentration ranged from 5.0 – 85.0 mg kg-1 with pyrene, fluoranthene, benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[a]pyrene as the predominant PAHs, total benzo[a]pyrene equivalent value of 0.9 – 2.0 mg kg-1 and total carcinogenic PAH concentration of 2.6 – 11.0 mg kg-1. Heavy metal concentrations were above the ambient background concentrations for urban/industrial area. Both brownfield sites had a mixture of PAH and heavy metal contamination in varying concentrations with implication for the selection of efficient remedial strategies to enable their redevelopment.

Improving the Efficiency of Forestry Measures for Carbon Storage by Reclamation and Phytomelioration of Lands Technogenically Contaminated with Toxic Tailing Wastes

The article presents the results of multi-year research on technogenic pollution of biosphere components with wastes of cassiterite-sulfide formation processing. The areas of mainly Far Eastern taiga and Priamurye-Primorye coniferous-broad-leaved forest in the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) of Russia have been withdrawn from the forest land fund for their development. As a result, large amounts of mining waste have been accumulated, with negative impact on forest ecosystems. In this regard, the aim of the study was to substantiate forestry measures for improving their efficiency by reclamation and phytomelioration of technogenically contaminated lands with toxic mineral processing waste to accumulate carbon stock. The analysis and systematization of the literature and patent search materials testify that the article is devoted to the actual problem of carbon stock accumulation within the impact boundaries of the technogenic system by reclamation and phytomelioration. These problemsr in the conditions of mining enterprises of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia are poorly studied. It is shown that the mineral development by the mining enterprises closed in the last century led to the large-scale destruction of forest communities. Methods of reproduction of productivity of technogenic polluted lands using bioremediation which novelty was confirmed by Patents of the Russian Federation are developed. By means of their reclamation and phytomelioration an increase in forestry measures and accumulation of carbon stocks in the reclaimed lands was achieved by more than 2.5 times in comparison with the nonreclaimed lands.

​Application of Aquatic Plant Ceratophyllum demersum (L.) in Phytoremediation of Wastewater

Background: Phytoremediation, plant usage for remediating natural resources, is being sought as a modern method to clean up polluted lands and streams, including water from ground. Bioremediation assisted by plant, also known as phytoremediation and includes the involvement of microbes associated with certain root systems to remediate soils comprising elevated organic compound concentrations. These strategies could provide cheaper methods for remediating polluted lands and streams with radionuclides, chemicals and different types of organics, with less secondary contaminants and less environmental effect than traditional methods of remediation can produce. All plants consume essential nutrients from their soil and water conditions like metals. Methods: The domestic wastewater quality was determined by analyzing physico-chemical parameters like pH, TDS, TS and electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, calcium, potassium, magnesium, sulphate, phosphate, nitrogen, iron and manganese and contaminant removal indices were determined during the year 2018-19. Result: The present study was conducted to check the phytoremediation capability of aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum (L.). Wastewater was characterized using standard methods and pollutant concentrations were measured in sample of wastewater initially and after phytoremediation. The result of present study revealed maximum increase in value of DO (127.89%) while the other parameters viz. pH (7.24%), TDS (46.77%), TS (51.00%), BOD (60.79%), COD (58.88%), EC (49.89%), Ca (45.41%), K (46.58%), Mg (43.57%), S (45.21%), P (43.73%), N (42.80%), Fe (46.30%) and Mn (47.06%) recorded a decrease in 60 days at 40% value due to absorption of nutrients during phytoremediation.

Spatial Identification and Redevelopment Evaluation of Brownfields in the Perspective of Urban Complex Ecosystems: A Case of Wuhu City, China.

Rapid industrialization and urbanization in China have led to a rapid increase in the number of brownfields, however there is a lack of identification of the spatial extent of brownfields in cities and accurate assessment of brownfield redevelopment. Based on the relationship between brownfields and urban complex ecosystems, this paper defines brownfields in China and constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system including socio-economic and ecological subsystems. Using Wuhu City as empirical evidence, 19 brownfields were identified using remote sensing data and field surveys. Based on the detection of soil contaminants in brownfields, a fuzzy integrated evaluation method was used to suggest their redevelopment direction. It is found that the government’s planned land use types and the brownfield redevelopment evaluation results match to a large extent, but social, economic and ecological environmental factors should be more fully considered. At the same time, the identification and redevelopment of brownfield sites in the city as a whole need to be carried out by the government’s professional forces in order to obtain more effective and scientific conclusions.

Application of Time-Lapse Shut-In Pressures for Mapping Reservoir Heterogeneity in Brown Fields

Application of Time-Lapse Shut-In Pressures for Mapping Reservoir Heterogeneity in Brown Fields

Первые результаты полевых работ 2021 г. на группе Новиковских Карьерных озер (о. Сахалин): морфология и морфометрические параметры котловин

Data on the morphology of the lake basins of three Novikovskiye Karyernye lakes, formed after the completion of coal mining at the Novikovo brown coal field with germanium-bearing coals (Novikovo village, Korsakov district of the Sakhalin region) were considered for the first time in the work. Bathymetric profiles and schemes with isobats made using interpolation of data from 29 high resolution echo-sounder profiles with a total length of about 25 km are given in the article. Morphometric indices of the lakes are calculated; the morphological appearance of their basins is described. The data on the depths and chemical composition of Biryuzovoye Karyernoye lake – the deepest waterbody on Sakhalin Island – are updated. The comparative characteristics of the lakes have been carried out.

Herbaceous Planting for Ecological Restoration of Urban Brownfields Based on Mechanisms of the Assembly of Plant Communities

Brownfield restoration has become a frontier topic in the research on urban ecosystem governance. Optimizing brownfield ecosystems through proper bioremediation approaches can provide urban landscapes and habitats with sound ecological potentials. Currently, the lagging theory and technique development of brownfield vegetation restoration, the species selection based on single causality, and the neglect of community structure and ecological functions formation have become major bottlenecks of brownfield restoration. Introducing the mechanisms of the assembly of plant communities for theoretical support, this paper proposes a novel technical framework of herbaceous planting for the ecological restoration of urban brownfields, which includes micro-topographic design, adaptive species selection, symbiosis structure design, building quasi-nature community structure, and <i>in-situ</i> planting. This research selected a brownfield site located in Hechuan District, Chongqing City for the application of the herbaceous planting, and evaluated the ecological benefits after restoration. Results showed that severely degraded brownfield vegetation has turned into an herbaceous community with a multi-species symbiosis and a stable structure, effectively optimizing its ecological functions such as stormwater retention and biodiversity conservation. This research can provide scientific evidence and a referable technical paradigm for urban brownfield restoration, and also contribute to the enhancement of urban ecological networks and ecosystem resilience.

Recycling plastic waste materials for building and construction Materials: A minireview

The production of plastic wastes is a growing environmental problem in the era of industrialization and economic growth due to the varied applications of polymeric materials. The wastes, which are mainly landfilled pollute land and waste resources due to the toxic and resistant to biodegradation nature of their components. Therefore, innovative approaches to channel plastic wastes away from landfills are imperative. In this mini-review, recycling of plastic wastes to materials useful in the building and construction sector as a viable solution to their environmental accumulation was focused on. Using pre-existent empirical studies, it was established that plastics can be used alone or in combination with other materials at varied percentage compositions to make various building and construction materials. These include bricks, blocks, tiles, asphalt, bitumen, geosynthetics, door panels, insulation materials and cementitious composites. These applications are enhancers to environmental sustainability as they reduce the mining and transport of conventional building and construction materials, which result to atmospheric pollution. It was noted that there was need to commercialize the applications by advancing to better plastic harvesting technologies and cost-effective recycling approaches for wastes with a variety of plastics. Assessing the lifecycle of recycling plastic materials for building and construction in addition to devising regulations to standardize the processes involved was recommended to validate the ability of the advances to enhance sustainability.

Proposals for improving the classification of land purpose types (on the example of the category of residential and public building lands)

The current classification of land uses for residential and public development was analyzed and proved to be in need of improvement. Proposals for its improvement within the researched category of land based on current land legislation and other normative legal acts are given. It has been proven that the existing list of the main types of land plots (which are based on the content of Article 38 of the Land Code of Ukraine) in the current classification is incomplete and not fully justified. Examples of unjustified assignment of land plots of other land categories to the category of land for residential and public development were revealed. In accordance with this, a 4-level structure of the classification of types of land use for residential and public development is proposed. Taking into account the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, it is currently impossible to use part of the land plots for their main purpose. From these positions, it is proposed to additionally highlight "technologically polluted lands as a result of hostilities" within the framework of the above-mentioned classifier. And after carrying out appropriate works on demining and reclamation of these lands to their safe use for people and the environment, they can be returned to use for the main purpose.

Blue Green Infrastructure: A panacea for urban environmental challenges. Case study: Thiruvananthapuram city, Kerala, India

India in its rapid growth of Urbanisation is concentrating more on infrastructure development and service delivery. The rapid development gets hampered as a result of the gaps in availability and delivery of basic infrastructure services like water, waste management etc. The field of inquiry is limited to the urban settlement of Thiruvananthapuram, the capital of Kerala state of India.This paper intends to focus on the management of naturally available resources, specifically water (blue) and vegetation (green) within the region of study, where co-existence, management and economic viability will ensure sustainability of all. The impacts of urban growth on the environment, its management and protection are complex and difficult to evaluate. For a sustainable urban development project, there should not be an interruption between the policy frameworks and decision making processes. Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) is an active approach to urban flood resilience, recognized globally and in international literature that capitalises on the benefits of working with urban green-spaces and naturalised water-flow.Existing global blue-green interventions may differ in density, size or the nature of the problem, goal; learning from these initiatives will be useful to Indian cities in creating BGI frameworks to address local problems and challenges.To investigate change in trends of land use, existing land use pattern, variation in land use pattern and the concentration of land use at city level (Thiruvananthapuram) would be analysed. A new development approach to brown field and green field which offers basic infrastructure, open spaces, sewage and solid waste management is required in emerging cities.BGI at times of disaster acts as a sponge or serves as a spillover space and establishes itself as a point of preservation of locally available flora and fauna. Hence it is high time that we focus our development policies into these tools and techniques which are environment friendly.

Hydrocarbon Wealth Management: Rejuvenation of a Brown Field Through Analysis of Existing Water Injection System

Hydrocarbon Wealth Management: Rejuvenation of a Brown Field Through Analysis of Existing Water Injection System

Approaches to forecast oil field performance at the well pads level and beta testing on oilfields of RN-Nyaganneftegaz (ROSNEFT)

Background. The study performed by Rosneft employees shown in this paper demonstrates approach and analytical methods that allows to forecast oil production at the level of minimal infrastructure units. These approaches are used to forecast long-term oil production and predict infrastructure blockage. The approach was partially automated by the authors. This made it possible to testing at giant Krasnoleninskoye oilfield. &#x0D; &#x0D; Aim. The study was performed in order to develop and test an approaches to forecast oil production of large oil fields with high detail levels. &#x0D; &#x0D; Materials and methods. Common methods of decline curve analysis and water-into-oil curve analysis were used in this work to analyze the precondition. The main feature of the approach is the analysis of precondition at the level of large well clusters and transfer it to the level of wells. Some of the actions were automated by new proprietary software and were tested at the giant brown field. The software was integrated with the corporate database. &#x0D; &#x0D; Results. An author’s approach has been developed. The approach allows to forecast oil production at the level of infrastructure units using analytical methods. Oil production of the giant brown field with high detail levels were forecasted using the proposed approaches and developed software. &#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusions. The results show that the developed approaches and software can be used to forecast mediumand long-term performance of producing oil fields in the conditions of existing external and infrastructural constraints.

Diagnosing High Water Production in Kalama Field, Niger Delta

Produced water is water trapped in underground formations that is brought to the surface along with oil or gas. It is by far the largest volume by-product or waste stream associated with oil and gas production especially in brown fields. Management of produced water present challenges and costs to operations. In this paper, the possible causes, effects and solutions of high water-cut is being investigated in some production oil wells in Niger Delta, using Kalama field as a case study. Diagnostic and performance plots were developed in order to determine the source of water as well as to evaluate the impact of excess water production on oil production and in field economics in general. Results obtained from the diagnostic plots showed the possible sources of water production are channeling behind casing and multi-layered channeling. The recommended remediation is cementation through a workover operation. Also, a concise step to be taken for identifying excess water was also developed in this work to effectively control excess water production in oil producing wells.