Bronze Medal Research Articles

The Most Important Photograph in the History of Women's Olympic Participation: Jennie Fletcher and the British 4×100 Freestyle relay team at the Stockholm 1912 Games

When Charlotte Cooper, a tennis player, won Britain's first women's gold medal at the Olympic Games in Paris in 1900, she was part of a middle-class amateur tradition. Jennie Fletcher (1890–1968) was a very different sporting hero. She won a bronze medal in the 100m freestyle event (Britain's first individual Olympic female swimming medal) at the Stockholm Games in 1912. Fletcher was also part of the gold-winning team in the 4×100m freestyle relay. This work looks at Jennie's life and swimming career to argue that the role of the working-class female amateur has been relatively neglected as an aspect of Olympic history. Fletcher worked in a clothing factory for 12 hours six days a week and swam in what little spare time that remained. Nevertheless, she did train and swim extensively between 1903 and 1913. By the time of her 1912 victories, Jennie Fletcher had held the 100 yard freestyle women's world record since 1906, also holding the English championship between 1906 and 1909 and again in 1911–12. A second theme of this article is the degree of specialist preparation undertaken for competition, including the use of clothing technology. Jennie Fletcher was coached and advised by some of the finest swimmers of her day: these included the amateur John Jarvis and the professional Joey Nuttall, co-inventors of the Jarvis-Nuttall kick. She may well have combined this with the trudgeon arm action, as the Amateur Swimming Association (ASA) frowned upon the crawl as a fast but rather inelegant stroke in both its American and Australian variants. Appearing in Stockholm in an expensive one-piece silk swimming costume, Fletcher and her British teammates represented a new kind of modernity. This work therefore concludes that the widely-circulated images of the women swimmers were an important media moment in the history of the Olympic Games. The lightweight costumes and the representation of the revealed sporting body enabled competitive principles, rather than modesty, to define the appearance of the female swimmer.

Amusing Ourselves to Death, or What Is the Real “Nonsense Major”?

I first experienced the unreflective entitlement of so many sports journalists when, in the late 1970s, I worked on the student newspaper at Crescent Valley High School (Corvallis, Oregon). Our tabloid was published every two or three weeks and sections were divided into news, features, opinion, and sports. Sports would be allotted 20 to 25 percent of the pages, perhaps sometimes more, but it was said to be never enough. Not only was the sports editor the only section editor to complain, he regularly threw tantrums.It wasn't as if there wasn't anything else but sports going on. Drawing from almost all higher-income neighborhoods in a university town, probably 75 percent of graduates at least started college, and the high school had a full complement of student clubs, theater and music productions, advanced placement courses, and so on. Two members of my high school class were Chris Botti, the internationally known jazz trumpeter who already was starting his career, and Dave Johnson, who won the Olympic bronze medal in decathlon (Barcelona, 1992).And while my school's principal then was a former Oregon State basketball player, and one of two vice-principals had played football, basketball, and baseball for OSU, the other vice-principal was a nerdy former debater. The school's wrestling coach was also a serious U.S. and Russian history teacher who often advised people to read Sports in America, by James Michener (1976), a scathing indictment of U.S. athletics, especially from a novelist who claimed that sports had saved him from prison.As I went through my journalism career, sports journalism played a minor but memorable role. On the Oregon Daily Emerald staff(University of Oregon), the sportswriters did a good job, didn't cause any problems, but always seemed mostly like they were primarily having a good time. (The more serious-acting journalists on stafflater covered political, national, and international news for USA Today, Seattle Times, Portland Oregonian, Detroit News, and other major dailies.) Editing suburban community newspapers in Tacoma, Washington, I had another entitled sports editor who occasionally threw a tantrum over what he thought was not enough space. Again, no other staffer ever did that, and it wasn't because everyone else, or anyone else, had enough space in a tabloid weekly. From there I went to international trade and hobby publications owned by Capital Cities/ABC, a daily business and law newspaper, and two urban alternative newsweeklies, and there was no sports news in any of them. Then I finished another master's degree and a PhD and became a professor.Let's just say that it was different from what I expected or hoped when it came to students' interests. At University of Georgia (where I taught starting in 1996 as a doctoral student), Missouri State University, and Point Park University, very different institutions in very different places, certain patterns emerged. The number of students in print journalism courses who even professed to be interested in journalism was often the minority; public relations, undecided, generic mass communication, and other students were in news writing or feature writing or magazine writing courses only because this or that course was in the department's core, or their major's core, or was an elective toward a major in something other than print journalism. It became fairly obvious that most students wouldn't have been taking media law or media ethics unless those courses were required, and almost no one signed up for the helpful and/or highly relevant courses that weren't, such as media management or media history. Most students planning to go into print journalism weren't reading any newspaper and usually only the fluffiest of magazines, and most broadcast journalism students weren't watching the TV newscasts that included their possible future colleagues and/or competitors. Worse, at least to me, I quickly learned that of students seriously planning to go into journalism (print, broadcast, and/or online), a far disproportionate number of them focused on sports journalism, including-it seemed-nearly all male journalism students. …

Two Bronze Medals for Switzerland at the 43rd International Chemistry Olympiad in Ankara, Turkey

At the 2011 International Chemistry Olympiad in Ankara, with 71 participating countries, Switzerland achieved two bronze medals thanks to two outstanding students.

A dea model with a non discritionary variablefor olympic evaluation

In recent years, a lot of work has been done dealing with alternative performance rankings for the Olympic Games. Almost all of these works use Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Generally speaking, those works can be divided into two categories: Pure rankings with unitary input models and relative rankings with classical DEA models; both output oriented. In this paper we introduce an approach taking into account the of as a proxy to the country investment in sports. This is an input for a DEA model, and the other input is the population of the country. We have three outputs,the of gold, silver and bronze medals earned by each country. Contrary to the usual approach in the literature, our model is not output oriented. It is a non-radial DEA model oriented to the number of athletes input, as our goal is not a countries' ranking. We intend to analyse whether the of competing for each country accords with the of won medals. For this analysis, we compare eachcountry with its benchmarks. The Decision Making Units (DMU) are all the countries participating in the Beijing Olympic Games, including those that did not earn a single medal. We use a BCC model and we compare each DMU's target with the of who have won, at least one medal.

2011 대구세계육상선수권대회 Gilde Type 포환던지기 한국선수와 결승 1, 3위 선수와의 운동학적 비교분석

The purpose of this study was to analyze, in real time, the glide motion and release motion of domestic athletes and gold and bronze medalists employing the glide technique for the men's shot put at the Daegu World Athletic Championship in 2011. In the glide motion, the Korean athletes had a relatively high body center and shot put heights and lager stretching angles for their hips and knees. In the delivery phase, which shifts to the release phase, the Korean athletes showed slower vertical body center and shot put speeds, and they changed the phase, to the release phase by using a small body angle. In the release phase, the Korean athletes showed differences in their projection speeds and vertical body center speeds. The world-famous players showed high angle speeds, which refer to the composition of the rotation force at the moment of release (body, hip, and shoulder line). In the release phase, the Korean athletes did not have fully stretched hip and knee angles, which might have negatively influenced the vertical speed. Because the Korean athletes showed relatively low projection heights and projection angles. it was found that they need to enhance the muscular power of their, throwing arms and lower limbs.

U.S. TAKES HOME GOLD

THE U.S. BROUGHT home two gold and two silver medals last week from the 43rd International Chemistry Olympiad, which took place in Ankara, Turkey, on July 9–18. The competition drew 273 students, who were judged on their knowledge of chemistry and on their lab skills. The American Chemical Society is the primary sponsor of the U.S. team. China was the top-scoring country, with its team members receiving four gold medals in addition to the top individual score. South Korea was the only other country to earn four gold medals. Host country Turkey won four medals: one gold, two silver, and one bronze. Each of the 70 participating countries was represented by up to four students, and the olympiad organizers awarded a total of 33 gold, 62 silver, and 83 bronze medals. On the U.S. team, Konstantin Borisov of North Allegheny Senior High School, Wexford, Pa., and Joe Tung of Gretchen A. Whitney High School, ...

Henry B. Stallard, MD: The 1924 Paris Olympics, and Chariots of Fire

Hyla Bristow Stallard was one of the greatest middle-distance runners in British athletic history. While an English medical student, he won the bronze medal in the 1500-meter run at the 1924 Paris Olympics, immortalized in the critically acclaimed 1981 epic British film, Chariots of Fire. He later became one of the most famous ophthalmologists in the world for his pioneering work in radiation therapy of malignant eye disease. He was an inspiring role model for both athletes and physicians. As a gifted individual who enjoyed two international careers, he is worthy of great admiration and emulation.

Mary Putnam Jacobi and the Politics of Medicine in Nineteenth-Century America (review)

Reviewed by: Mary Putnam Jacobi and the Politics of Medicine in Nineteenth-Century America Helen Lefkowitz Horowitz Carla Bittel . Mary Putnam Jacobi and the Politics of Medicine in Nineteenth-Century America. Studies in Social Medicine. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009. xv + 328 pp. Ill. $40.00 (978-0-8078-3283-7). In this well-conceived, intelligent, and thoughtful biography, Mary Putnam Jacobi (1842-1906) emerges as an extraordinary woman who made major contributions in medicine and reform. She was a woman in the mold of Margaret Fuller. What to other women were obstacles were to her challenges. Seemingly destined for a literary career as the daughter of publisher George Palmer Putnam, she determined to become a physician. After study at the College of Pharmacy of the City of New York and Female Medical College of Pennsylvania (from which she graduated in 1864), she traveled to France with her sights on the University of Paris. Unwelcome at first, her persistence pushed the school to allow her to enter the École de Médecine in 1868 as its first female student. She graduated in 1871 with a bronze medal for her thesis. All the while, she wrote fiction for income and reports on French medicine for the New York Medical Record and, radicalized by reading and friendship, became caught up in revolutionary fervor. She returned to New York [End Page 302] to form a private practice and teach at the Women's Medical College of the New York Infirmary. She became active professionally, publishing her medical writings and joining physicians' societies. In 1873 she married Abraham Jacobi, an émigré from the 1848 revolutions and the founder of pediatric medicine in the United States. The two shared philosophical positivism, radical politics, and enthusiasm for medicine. They had three children, losing one shortly after birth and another from diphtheria as a child. Jacobi came to national attention in 1876 when her essay, The Question of Rest for Women during Menstruation, won Harvard's honored Boylston prize and appeared the following year under the Putnam imprint. Bittel offers a new understanding of Jacobi as one who employed the methods of science and the laboratory to prove women's equality. In an era whose dominant voices trumpeted the importance of sex differences, Jacobi insisted on their relative insignificance. For example, because she understood menstruation as a nutritive, not a reproductive, event, she contended that women generally did not need to protect themselves by ceasing work or study during their monthly flow. To the contrary women needed physical and mental activity to attain true health. In her nuanced and careful discussion of Jacobi's many writings, Bittel clarifies that Jacobi was hardly neutral in her research and reporting: like her medical opponents, she deployed scientific investigation to prove her social and political understandings. Left understated is a critical difference: Jacobi went beyond her adversaries' reliance on case studies to devise and perform laboratory tests and gather statistical data. Jacobi's enthusiasm for a medicine based on laboratory research and focus on nutrition provides the key to her position on many controversial issues: her willingness to perform ovariotomies, her support of vivisection, and her advocacy for the creation of the Johns Hopkins Medical School. Jacobi's belief in equality led her to support women physicians and ultimately to become a strong voice for suffrage. Bittel effectively treats aspects of Jacobi's intellect and character that proved particularly helpful to some women who sought her help to relieve mental suffering. Jacobi brought a respectful attitude that potentially enabled women to imagine lives of activity and purpose. One embellishment left unattended in this account is that, seemingly alone among American physicians treating hysteria, Jacobi absorbed the insights of German psychiatrist Wilhelm Griesinger. As seen in her 1881 paper, "The Prophylaxis of Insanity," his work enabled her to view mental health and illness on a continuum and imagine a complex relation between body and mind. This minor omission does not really detract from this beautifully rendered biography. Bittel brings to her subject not only expertise in U.S. history but also a deep understanding of American medical education and practice. She sets Jacobi firmly within the contexts of...

The Seventy Percent Solution

The Seventy Percent Solution

How to teach computer programming if our goal is the International Olympiad in Informatics

Nowadays if a student in Hungary (age between 17-20 years old) wants to be the member of the Hungarian selected team (has four members) to participate in the International Olympiad in Informatics (IOI), first, he has to qualify himself in the first fifteen of the National Secondary School Competition (OKTV) in the programming category after the III. round. Then he should be in the first four place after the sixth round of the Selection Competition. Being successful is necessary that the student wants to start studying computer programming at least in the 9th school year and he needs a teacher who prepares him. In the last nine years three students of the author have participated in five Olympics and two of them won gold and bronze medals. This article wants to demonstrate the methods that a teacher needs to use to teach students in 9th school year for computer programming, to be the member of the Hungarian National Team after three or four years.

Episodes of Injuries and Frequent Usage of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Taiwanese Elite Wrestling Athletes

Wrestling normally places extreme demands on the body and thus may cause various kinds of injuries. An in-depth understanding of the episodes of injured sites, types, timings, and treatment modalities would help participants be aware of wrestling-related injury occurrences so as to develop effective preventive measures. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the gender-specific injuries among elite wrestling athletes. Subjects were selected from the 2009 Taiwanese National Wrestling Sport Championship. Participants were adolescent wrestling athletes, ages 16-18, who must have received at least one bronze medal at national level tournaments in 2008. A total of 118 respondents, 96 males and 22 females, completed and returned the questionnaire in which demographic data and information about the types, sites, and timings of injuries suffered and treatment modalities adopted were elicited. The data were analyzed with independent t-tests. The questionnaire results revealed a significantly higher injury rate for males than for females. The top three injured sites for males were waist (11.1%), ankle joint (10.1%) and finger (9.6%); while for females were ankle joint (13.6%), knee (12.5%) and waist (11.3%). Contusions were the most frequent type of injury: for males (73.5%) and for females (70.6%); followed by tendon inflammation for males (10.7%) and accumulated injuries for females (15.2%). During training and matching periods, the frequency of injuries for males (69.0%) is lower than that for females (81.8%). Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with acupuncture and moxibustion was the most common treatment modalities used for males (51.8%) and for females (68.0%); followed by orthopedics: for males (29.5%) and for females (18.0%). The present study contributed as the first effort to reveal the potency of using TCM with acupuncture and moxibustion in wrestling competitions. To prevent possible brain and body injuries in wrestling, safety education, skills and rules, and scoring systems may require further revision. Increased training of wrestling health professionals and advanced research and development of auxiliary training devices and protective equipment for wrestling athletes are also recommended.

Performance and benchmarks of participating nations in Beijing Olympics using the DEA approach

In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA), a well known and effective tool for relative efficiency assessment, is used for measuring the performance of 86 participating nations that won at least one medal in Beijing Olympics. This approach considers two inputs (GDP and population) and three outputs (number of gold, silver and bronze medals won), and variable returns to scale are assumed. As both of the two inputs are non-discretionary variables which can not be controlled by decision makers, we choose an output-oriented DEA model for assessing the efficiency scores of participating countries. Performance indexes as well as benchmarks are analysed for each country. For the efficient participants, a performance index related to the benchmark is attained for expressing a complete ranking, while for the inefficient nations, a benchmarking result is provided for each of them to improve performance.

Analysis of the World Games 2009 in Kaohsiung

The purpose of the research was to discuss the reasons and the general situations of Taiwan nation participation in the World Games, and to analyze the scores and the specific results of holding the World Games 2009 in Kaohsiung. By means of historical research method and document analysis, after collecting and analyzing relevant literatures and reports, the results were as follows: 1. In 1980s, Taiwan was forced to suspend from joining in the Olympic Games activities due to the problems of membership and national anthem, meanwhile, the first World Games was under preparation. However, because of not taking part in Olympic Games, Taiwan didn’t abandon the participation in other sport games in stead of starting to plan to join in. 2. From 1981 to 2009 the World Games in Kaohsiung, Taiwan obtained 24 gold, 23 silver and 21 bronze medals in 8 World Games, 5 gold, 6 silver and 2 bronze medals in Demonstration Games (Invitation Games). Analyzing the scores in the first 5 World Games in the past, it was the Taiwan's best strength to win the gold medals in Women taekwondo and Women weight lifting. Furthermore, the most stable to win gold medals from the sixth to eighth Games were Men & Women billiard, Women tug of war, Women speed roller sports and Men & Women powerlifting. 3. The specific results of holding the World Games 2009 in Kaohsiung, including compliance with the Olympic mode to participate or host international sports event, the excellent representation of players' performance, the enthusiastic participation of the sport volunteers, the establishment of 7 major Sport Parks, and the successful combination of urban marketing and sports events absolutely helpful to promote the sport climate of our nation and the city marketing. Through the simultaneous broadcasting of international media, Kaohsiung had the opportunity to stand on the stage of international sport games and made a successful diplomacy in sports.

The ‘Black Auxiliaries’ in American Memories: Sport, Race and Politics in the Construction of Modern Legacies

At the 1936 Olympics a contingent of African American track and field athletes garnered eight gold, three silver, and two bronze medals to highlight an otherwise disappointing performance by the American team. Dubbed the 'black auxiliaries' by the German press, they were led by the luminous Jesse Owens who through his four-gold medal performance built an enduring global legacy as an Olympic icon. Lost in Owens' long shadow were the other 'black auxiliaries', David Albritton, James LuValle, Ralph Metcalfe, Fritz Pollard, Jr., Mack Robinson, Archie Williams, and John Woodruff. Owens' teammates, however, slowly built their own legacies at the local, regional, and national levels. In many respects they excelled Owens in their post-athletic careers, personifying the admonitions of African American leaders in that era. The ways in which this less famous group of Olympians were forgotten and then remembered illuminates the changing complexities of American relations during the twentieth century

7th world stroke congress.

The 7th World Stroke Congress was held in Coex Center, Seoul, Korea from Oct 13- 16, 2010. About 2800 people attended the meeting which was organized by Kenes International. 504 posters were presented comprising of 52 plenary sessions and 14 key note address. As the previous meetings had been held in Kyoto, Vancouver, Munich, and Vienna, Seoul was a welcome change as the new venue for deliberations on Stroke. This meeting was sponsored by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd, Pfizer, Bayer Healthcare. Allergen, Boehringa Inghleim, Bristol-Myers and Sanofi-Aventis Korea etc. Various organizations focusing on Stroke awareness were formally recognized for their contributions. This included the Lalitha Hospital, Guntur, India and a Bronze medal was awarded to Brazilian Academy of Stroke. The Srilankan stroke group was recognized for media campaigns, web conferences, publishing booklets and evolving national strategy on Stroke. A competition was also launched for suggesting an attractive and International symbol for Stroke. doi : 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.1017411

Call for the international “George Hevesy Medal Award” nomination 2011

The George Hevesy Medal Award is the premier international award of excellence in radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry. It is awarded to an individual in recognition of excellence through outstanding, sustained career achievements in the fields of pure as well as applied nuclear and radiochemistry, particularly applications to nuclear analytical chemistry. Established originally in 1968 by the Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry (JRNC), the George Hevesy Medal Award has been given 19 times during 1968–1986. This Award has been reactivated in 2000. It is sponsored by JRNC and adjudicated by the International Committee on Activation Analysis/Modern Trends in Activation Analysis (ICAA/MTAA). The Award has no monetary value. The George Hevesy Medal Award comprises an engraved bronze medal and an ornamental scroll. The names (year) of the former awardees are: W. Wayne MEINKE (1968), Albert A. SMALES (1969), Ivan Pavlovich ALIMARIN (1970), Philippe ALBERT and Julien HOSTE (1972), Tibor BRAUN and Juraj TOLGYESSY (1975), Francesco GIRARDI (1976), Saadia AMIEL and Richard E. WAINERDI (1977), Robert E. JERVIS (1978), Vincent P. GUINN (1979), William S. LYON and Max PEISACH (1981), Edward V. SAYRE and Garman HARBOTTLE (1983), Georges AMSEL (1984), Nobuo SUZUKI (1985), Emile A. SCHWEIKERT (1986), Frans DE CORTE (2000), Amares CHATT and Eiliv STEINNES (2001), Enrico SABBIONI (2002), Jeroen J.M. DE GOEIJ (2003), Attila VERTES (2004), Nicholas M. SPYROU, Gregory CHOPPIN, Zhifang CHAI (2005), Jan KUCERA (2006), Robert R. GREENBERG (2007), Syed M. QAIM (2008), Richard M. LINDSTROM (2009), and Darleane M. HOFFMAN (2010). The George Hevesy Medal Award 2011 (HMA-11) will be presented at 13th International Conference on Modern Trends in Activation Analysis (MTAA-13) being held at the Center for Chemical Characterization and Analysis, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, U.S.A. during 2011 March 13–18. Nominations of worthy candidates for HMA-11 are widely solicited from the international community of practicing radiochemists and may be initiated by individual colleagues or their institutes including the members of the Editorial Advisory Board of the JRNC. There are no restrictions with respect to age, gender, nationality or other to who may be nominated among those whose achievements fall within the guidelines of the Hevesy Medal Award. A copy of the complete guideline can be obtained from: Professor A. Chatt, President of ICAA/MTAA. It is the responsibility of the nominator to prepare a complete, comprehensive and convincing statement of the outstanding achievements and contributions to the field that deserve of recognition through this award. There are no special forms for nomination. Each nomination, to be considered complete, must comprise: (i) a signed nomination letter, (ii) two signed co-sponsor letters, (iii) a concise but comprehensive 500–1000 word citation stressing the candidate’s outstanding and sustained contributions to radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry, (iv) a 25–35 word citation for press release, (v) a signed consent letter by the candidate, and (vi) a recent complete curriculum vitae (CV) of the candidate (please follow the details given below). The nominator must ensure that all of these materials are included in the above sequence in a single file prior to sending it. It is preferable to use Adobe Acrobat A. Chatt (&) Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NC B3H 4J3, Canada e-mail: a.chatt@dal.ca

Guidelines for the international “George Hevesy Medal Award” nomination 2011

The George Hevesy Medal Award is the premier international award of excellence to honour outstanding achievements in radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry. Established originally in 1968 by the Editor-in-Chief and the publishers of the Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry (JRNC), the Hevesy Medal Award has been given in recognition of excellence through outstanding, sustained career achievements in the fields of pure and applied nuclear and radiochemistry, particularly applications to nuclear analytical chemistry. The Hevesy Medal has been awarded almost annually during 1968–1986 to 19 distinguished individuals whose contributions have traced and defined the scope and depth of radioanalysis through prolific postwar years of the nuclear era. Their achievements ranged from pioneering radioactivation analysis methodology and applications, through development of radiochemical separation procedures and analytical schemes to radiotracer applications to analysis such as substoichiometric isotopic dilution analysis, automated systems and computerized systems, and widespread fields of application. This Award is international in scope since those who have been honored have been from North America, Europe, the Middle East and Asia. The Hevesy Medal Award has been reactivated in 2000 when it was presented at the Methods and Applications of Radioanalytical Chemistry-V (MARC-V) conference held in Kona, Hawaii, U.S.A. Subsequent awards were presented in: 2001 at the Third International Symposium on Nuclear Analytical Chemistry (NAC-III) in Halifax, Canada, and at the Asia–Pacific Symposium on Radiochemistry (APSORC 2001) in Fukuoka, Japan; 2002 at the Seventh International Conference on Nuclear Analytical Methods in the Life Sciences (NAMLS-7) Including Complementary Isotopic Techniques and Applications, held in Antalya, Turkey; 2003 at the MARC-VI conference held in Kona; 2004 at the 11th Modern Trends in Activation Analysis (MTAA-11) conference held in Guildford, UK; 2005 at NAMLS-8 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the 1st International Nuclear Chemistry Congress (1st-INCC) in Kusadasi, Turkey, and at APSORC-05 in Beijing, China; 2006 at the MARC-VII conference held in Kona; 2007 at MTAA-12 in Hachioji, Japan; 2008 at the Seventh International Conference on Nuclear and Radiochemistry (NRC-7) in Budapest, Hungary; and 2009 at the MARCVIII conference held in Kona. Both 2010 and 2011 awards will be presented at MTAA-13 in College Station, Texas, U.S.A. The Hevesy Award comprises an engraved bronze medal (in a presentation case) and an ornamental scroll which are to be presented at a major international radiochemical conference occurring in the year of the award. The Hevesy Medal Award has no monetary value. The Editor-in-Chief of the JRNC has invited the International Committee on Activation Analysis (ICAA) of the Modern Trends in Activation Analysis Conferences (MTAA) to act as the adjudicating body for the Hevesy Medal Award in the name of the JRNC for the period of 2007–2011 inclusive.

Constructing the Marathon Nation: US Perspectives on Korean National Identity from the 1930s to the 1950s

From the 1930s through the 1950s, Americans read Korean national identity through the prism of marathons. At the 1936 Olympics, Koreans running as conscripts for Japan won gold and bronze medals in the marathon, sparking outbreaks of Korean nationalism and creating a global image of the marathon as Korea's national sport. As Korea emerged from the Second World War divided into US and Soviet protectorates, Koreans from American-occupied South Korea starred in the Boston Marathon, reinforcing the image of Korea as the ‘marathon nation'. Koreans won the 1947 and 1950 Boston Marathons as American audiences cheered and interpreted Korean endurance prowess as a product of US imperial benevolence. In 1951, however, during the Korean War, a different interpretation emerged. Americans barred Koreans from the Boston Marathon after reports that a group of Korean soldiers had trained for the marathon rather than serving in combat with their US allies.

Jaques-Louis Reverdin (1842-1929): el cirujano y la aguja

With the development and rise of abdominal laparoscopic techniques, the old Reverdin needle has had a revival, because it proved to be useful for the endoscopic closure of laparoscopic access ports, in order to lower the incidence of incisional hernias. Several new modifications of the Reverdin needle, with different names, are in the market now. This new use of an old instrument, prompted a review of the life and work of Jaques-Louis Reverdin, the Swiss surgeon trained in Paris and founder of the modern Swiss surgery.Biographical and bibliographical review of Jaques-MLouis Reverdin and his contributions to surgeryJaques-Louis Reverdin (1842-1929), born in Geneva, completed his medical studies in Paris, where he practised in several well-known hospitals such as La Pitié (with Goselin), Saint Louis (with Guérin), Lariboisiére, and Necker (with Guyon). In 1869 he published and presented in several meetings, a pioneering experience of successful free skin graft procedure, that is still performed in some cases and constitutes the first organ transplantation. In 1870 he presented his doctoral thesis "Etude sur l'uréthrotomie interne" with the expeience of his master Guyon (63 operations), gaining the Civiale prize and the bronze medal of the Paris Faculty of Medicine. He returned back to Geneva in 1872 to begin a long surgical practice and Faculty teaching, and he made seminal contributions to the knowledge of thyroid diseases, in particular on the clinical presentation of function deficiency following exeresis of the thyroid gland ( postoperative myxoedema). His contributions paralleled that made by Theodor Kocher in Bern, the surgeon that received in solitary the Nobel prize for these studies in 1909. With Jean6hyphen;Louis Prevost and Constant Picot, they founded the "Revue medicale de la Suisse romande", the most important Swiss medical journal of the 20th century. He is remembered in the field of Urology for a special needle designed to pass through a suture in a time were catgut and silk were the most employed sutures to control organ pedicles.Reverdin, that pertains to the glorious epoch were surgery -performed under anaesthesia and with the antisepsis postulates of Lister and Pasteur-, reached most of his goals, is remembered for the first human transplant (skin grafting), and, fortunately, one of the several surgical instrument he designed, the Reverdin needle, had a revival in current laparoscopic surgery.

PRESENTATION OF BRONZE MEDAL

The Australasian Journal of OptometryVolume 14, Issue 11 p. 40-40 PRESENTATION OF BRONZE MEDAL First published: February 1932 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1444-0938.1932.tb00540.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume14, Issue11February 1932Pages 40-40 RelatedInformation