Bronchial Catarrh Research Articles

Glycyrrhiza glabra L.

GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA L. A FASCINATING MEDICINAL HERB WITH A LONG TRADITIONMore than 5000 publications with the key words Glycyrrhetinic/Glycyrrhizinic acid, Glycyrrhizin and Liquorice/Licorice in the International Library of Medicine verify the great importance of liquorice roots in modern science. Liquorice root is a significant medicinal herb due to its large spectrum of pharmacological effects and the numerous traditional indications in Asian and European cultures, e.g. bronchial catarrh, gastric and duodenal ulcers. Recent scientific knowledge about the liquorice root gives hope that a new important chapter in the fascinating history of this phenomenal medicinal herb may be written because of its antiviral effects.

Growth Factor-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation is Inhibited by Tylophorine

Tylophorine, a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid, is the main active component of Tylophora indica (Asclepiadaceae) which is used in ayurvedic medicine to treat various alleTylophora indica (Asclepiadaceae)rgic and inflammatory disorders, including bronchial asthma, rhinitis, whooping cough and catarrh.

Pinimenthol® ointment in patients suffering from upper respiratory tract infections – A post-marketing observational study

In order to gain further experience regarding the tolerability of Pinimenthol ointment(1) in adolescents (> or = 12 years) and adults suffering from upper respiratory tract infections, a post-marketing observational study was performed. In this study, data of 3060 patients were collected (64.9% prospectively over an individual observation period of 5-14 days, 35.1% retrospectively). The prospective documentation also comprised data concerning treatment effects. Sample size of the post-marketing observational study was calculated in the way that adverse drug reactions with an event probability of at least 1:1000 would occur within the study at least once with a probability of 95%. Most patients suffered from cold, acute or chronic bronchitis, bronchial catarrh or hoarseness. Pinimenthol ointment was prescribed to inunction (29.6%), inhalation (17.3%) or inunction and inhalation (53.1%), respectively. The mean duration of study participation was 8.0 +/- 3.4 days. The tolerability was rated as excellent or good by 96.7% of physicians and 95.7% of patients. A total of 22 patients (0.7%) reported adverse drug reactions which mostly affected the skin or mucus membrane and therefore correspond to the expected adverse effects profile of Pinimenthol ointment. The treatment effect was mostly judged as excellent or good (physicians: 88.3%; patients: 88.1%). In conclusion, the study confirms Pinimenthol ointment as a well tolerated therapy option for upper respiratory tract infections in both adolescents and adults.

Β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside from the flowers ofTridax procumbens Linn

Tridax procumbens Linn belongs to the natural order Compositae and is locally known as ‘Ghamra’. It has been found to possess significant medicinal properties. Its leaves are used in bronchial catarrh, dysentery, diarrhoea and to prevent falling of hair. Its flowers and leaves possess antiseptic, insecticidal and parasiticidal properties, and are also used to check haemorrhage from cuts, bruises and wounds. The present work deals with the isolation and identification of steroidal saponin, characterized as Β-sitosterol 3-O-β-D-xylopyranoside, which has been isolated from the flowers ofTridax procumbens Linn.

Emerging concepts in mold allergy: What is the role of immunotherapy?

Since :Blackley’ reported the development of “bronchial catarrh” after inhaling spores from Penicillium cultures in 1873, molds and mold spores have been known to cause upper respiratory tract allergic disease. Feinberg’ and Prince et al.*” were pioneers in documenting the occurrence of respiratory tract symptoms after exposure of clinic patients with allergy to mold in the 1930s.’ More recently, epidemics of bronchial asthma have been associated with high concentrations of basidiospores in certain climates.3 Molds are actually fungi, and literally tens of thousands of fungal species are thought to exist. Many genera of Hyphomycetes (Fungi Impeficti) class of fungi that serve as sources of allergens include Cladosporium, the spores of which usually outnumber all other airborne biologic particles in outdoor air; Alternaria, found throughout North America, particularly in great abdundance in outdoor air in areas where grain is grown; Drechilera, airborne in highest concentrations in warm humid regions; Epicoccum, found in many temperate regions, grasslands and abundantly airborne during agricultural activities; Fusarium, an important plant pathogen, particularly prominent in air dur-

Comparative Pharmacognosy of Two Althaea spp. and “Gulkhairo” Samples

Abstract“Gulkhairo”, is used as an expectorant for cases of bronchial catarrh and bronchitis as an important drug in Unani medicine. It is atmibutable to either Althaea officinalis or A. rosea by various authors. In view of this confusion a comparative study of Alihaea officinolis, A. rosea flowers and three market samples was carried out to determine the origin of the trade samples. It was concluded that the made samples studied consist of a mixture of A. rosea and A. officinalis in varying proportions.

Nesosteine: alleviates bronchial catarrh and is well tolerated

Nesosteine: alleviates bronchial catarrh and is well tolerated

Contributo alla patologia gemellare (Rilievi istopatologici su io coppie di gemelli)

SUMMARYIn an anatomo-pathologic investigation on 21 twins (9 pairs and a set of triplets) who had died within 26 days from birth, the Authors have found a majority of lesions of the respiratory system (in 5 cases hyalin membrane, in 4 bronchpneumonia, in 10 desquamative alveolitis associated with atelectasia, emphysema, congestion, haemorragiae, ouedema and substances ab ingestis). Interval between cotwin death lies between 15-18 hours in 8 pairs, 12 days in one pair, 15-11 hours in the triplet set. The highest frequency of mortality was between the 11th and the 16th day: 55%, which differs from that for single born prematures and immatures. Qualitative and quantitative concordance of lesions was remarkable in seven pairs.In one pair of twins, who died within 30 hours of each other, only the type of prevailing exsudate differred (leucocytes in one, monocytes in the other), while the degree of the lesions was similar. In another pair of twins, whose death was due to exsudative respiratory lesions, one, dead on the 2nd day, exhibited the symptoms of hyalin membrane syndrome, and the other, dead on the 14th day, the symptoms of bronchpneumonia. The two members of the triplet sets who died first, were affected by an egual degree of desquamative alveolitis, while the third, who died 11 hours later, by a leukocyte bronchial catarrh. With regard to the collected data, the Authors proceed with some considerations.

実験小動物におけるMyxovirus para-influenzae 1 (HVJ) の感染に関する研究

1. In the spring, 1954, there was an outbreak of so-called “mouse-influenza” at A institute in Tokyo, and in 1956, there was another outbreak of the same disease at B institute in Kanagawa prefecture. Four strains of Myxovirus para-influenzae 1 (HVJ) were isolated from the lung of four groups of the mice at B institute. Three-weeks-mice inoculated intranasally showed clear “mouseinfluenza” symptoms and all of them died between 2 to 7 days.In the autumn, 1954, the same virus, once more, was isolated from the lung of two infant guinea-pigs produced in Gifu prefecture. Hemorrhagic lesion, edema and bronchial catarrh were observed in the lung.2. During the period from April to October, 1954, the sera were collected from the market-mice in Chiba, Saitama, Tokyo and Shizuoka prefectures and the mice of in inbred-strain at six institutes in many districts of Japan. The positive high titers of H. I, C. F and neutralizing antibody for para-influenza 1 virus were observed in the some of the sera. It was supposed that the virus may be wildly prevalent among the mouse population in that year.3. It was observed that the mice-passaged-virus shows the viscerotrope character, while the egg-passaged-virus shows the pneumotrope character in accordance with the results examined on the D D M strain.

II. Clinical aspects of chronic bronchitis.

No satisfactory definition of chronic bronchitis has ever been devised. A review of the historical aspects reveals several of the difficulties. The term chronic bronchitis first appeared in medical literature in a small book written by Badham (1808) in which the clinical and pathological aspects were well described. Shortly after this, Laennec (1819, 1826) classified various respiratory symptoms under the name of bronchial catarrh and rejected the term chronic bronchitis as he was not satisfied that an inflammation always exsited. However, chronic bronchitis rapidly became a favourite diagnosis in Britain and text-books written during the first half of the nineteenth century devoted much space to it. When the Registrar General started issuing his annual returns of causes of death in 1841, bronchitis figured prominently, and has done so ever since.

The pathogenesis of bronchial catarrh and of acute and chronic bronchitis.

The pathogenesis of bronchial catarrh and of acute and chronic bronchitis.

Importance Des Lésions Bronchiques Chez Les Pneumokoniotiques

SummaryThree kinds of bronchial abnormalities may be observed by bronchoscopy in silicotic patients : bronchial catarrh, big spurs reducing bronchial calibre, and bronchial spasms. With repeated aspiration of bronchi and direct application of adrenalin upon bronchial mucosa, spasm and catarrh promptly improve, but there is no influence upon the spurs.This treatment diminishes dyspnea very much and for a long time and gives an idea of the importance of bronchial injury in silicotic dyspnea.

THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF TYPHOID FEVER.

The combined group of symptoms which establishes the diagnosis of typhoid fever are: a gradually increasing fever with evening exacerbation and morning remission; general malaise with headache; a furred tongue with red edges and tip; nose bleed; a relatively slow pulse (possibly dicrotic); abdominal distension with tympany, gurgling and tenderness in the right iliac fossa on firm pressure; a roseolar eruption confined principally to the abdomen and chest; enlarged spleen, and the physical signs of bronchial catarrh. Should every case of typhoid fever present the foregoing symptoms, the diagnosis would be simple and mistakes would not be common, but unfortunately this is not true and I believe the classical history, as portrayed in the books, is the exception rather than the rule. Because of the great variability in the symptoms and the tardiness of the appearance of many of them, the diagnosis is often not clear until the patient is

The Treatment of Tuberculosis in Asylums

The Treatment of Tuberculosis in Asylums

TUBERCULIN IN OBSCURE MANIFESTATIONS OF TUBERCULOSIS.

If the earliest symptoms and signs of consumption were as easily definable and as pathognomonic of the disease as those manifested in the later stages, it might be easily diagnosed in its incipiency. But, unfortunately, this has not been the fact. In a great many cases the onset is sudden or occurs during the progress of a severe cold or bronchial catarrh, or following in the wake of some other acute disease. Frequently, however, it is ushered in by symptoms which point to no particular form of disease, and it is this class of cases that is the most puzzling until we find pronounced symptoms pointing to lung infection. There are often certain symptoms of a general constitutional impairment, insufficient in themselves to render a diagnosis possible, but which do point to a definite disease if properly studied. There are many cases occurring in active practice in which a positive

COUGHING MADE EASY IN BRONCHIECTASIS.

A few years ago, at Skaneateles Junction, resided an old lady who for many months had been troubled with a cough which her friends regarded as consumptive. The cough was severe enough at all times, but twice or thrice in twenty-four hours there were violent, long-continued paroxysms attended with copious and extremely fetid expectoration. I recognized, as you all would, bronchiectasis. The patient had not derived much benefit from the codliver oil and numerous cough medicines which she had taken faithfully in great abundance. Her appearance did not denote tuberculosis, and. under change of treatment relief was afforded, the paroxysms ceased and the offensive odor disappeared. Recently Mrs. H., of C, about thirty-five years of ago, came under my observation. She had had bronchial catarrh for a year and a half, and a few slight haemorrhages. After a time the cough became paroxysmal, and during these violent fits, which lasted

DENISON'S PORTABLE LUNG COMPRESSOR OR EMPHYSEMA JACKET.

This apparatus is especially constructed to aid the clearing out of secretions and stagnant air contained in the lungs under certain conditions of disease, such as emphysema, and bronchiectasis, or either of them alone whether associated or not with the profuse bronchial catarrh usual to these distressing troubles. Abundant expectoration is brought about, the tendency to pulmonary œdema is lessened, and a freer and more natural circulation both of the air and the blood currents within the thorax is produced by the proper use of this devise. The following is Dr. Denison's description of this lung compressor extracted from his address as President of the American Climatological Association, Sept. 1890, on "Abnormal Intra-Thoracic Air Pressures:" Before leaving this subject, I wish to describe a device I have had constructed for the self-treatment of emphysema. We will call it the Portable Lung Compressor. It was suggested to me by the "Rossbach

4. Therapeutic Retrospect

Dr. Julius Donath, of Budapesth, brings before our notice on p. 335 of the above journal his own experience with this compound. Reviewing the action of bromides in epilepsy, Dr. Donath holds that it can scarcely be doubted from clinical evidence that the effective agent in the bromides is bromine. Thus the bromides of potassium, sodium, and ammonium act alike in this disease, and moreover the same is found to hold of the recently introduced Rubidium-ammonium bromide (Prof. Laufenauer). The prolonged use of the bromides of the alkalies, is, however, liable to be followed by a train of toxic symptoms: Mental torpor, slow speech, unsteady gait, tremor, ataxia, in some cases mental derangement (delirium, maniacal attacks), further anæmia, wasting, skin eruptions, intestinal and bronchial catarrh. Of these, with the exception of the skin eruption, the cause, according to Dr. Donath, is the prolonged use of the alkalies, for other salts of potassium, for instance, may bring about the same results. Accordingly, Dr. Donath sought for some compound of bromide with more harmless base, and he thought to find amongst the organic compounds one such whose base, being burnt up in the body, would liberate an exceptionally active bromine, since it would act in statu nascendi. Amylene bromide was first thought of, but discarded, because of the difficulty of preparing a chemically pure compound, i.e., free from isomeric varieties. Ethylene bromide, C3H4Br2, which is readily obtained in purity, was ultimately selected. The compound is a slightly brownish liquid, having the odour of chloroform, and a sweet burning taste. At 0° C. it becomes a white crystalline solid; at 131° C. it boils. In water, the heavy liquid, Sp. gr. 2163, is insoluble, and sinks to the bottom, but it mixes in all proportions with rectified spirits, and in fixed fatty oils, e.g., the oil of sweet almonds, it dissolves to form a clear solution.

Tar in Bronchial Catarrh and Winter Cough

Tar in Bronchial Catarrh and Winter Cough

On the Value of Tar in Bronchial Catarrh and Winter-Cough

On the Value of Tar in Bronchial Catarrh and Winter-Cough