Broad Range Research Articles

Sustainability Tools in Cultural Heritage: Life Cycle Assessment Examining Crates for Heritage Objects

ABSTRACT The Sustainability Tools in Cultural Heritage (STiCH) https://stich.culturalheritage.org project informs cultural heritage professionals about sustainable choices through life cycle assessment (LCA). This paper focuses on one study https://stich.culturalheritage.org/crates/ that examines the environmental impacts of transporting cultural heritage. The study models four crate types crates single trip, round trip, and reusable. For each crate, three major material categories (exterior, interior, and wrapping) were analyzed, giving each configuration an environmental profile. The study compares these crate options over their life cycles, including impacts from material production, transportation, and disposal. The results show that reusable crate have lower impacts than wooden crates across a broad range of environmental considerations. Transportation dominates reusable crates and is relatively less important for single-trip crates. For single-trip and round-trip crates, foams can be a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Actions that would reduce impacts include reusing the crate itself or its disassembled components. Lowering the weight of the crate, possibly by using lighter materials for the crate shell, would reduce impacts from transport. These findings can encourage further research and exploration of sustainable materials that perform similarly to the items they replace.

Flexible in Curriculum to Meet the Objectives of the Program of the Institution

The curriculum planning must be adaptable to the particular needs of an educational institution. It must also be responsive to social and technological changes and meet learner’s needs arising from that change process. In particular, it must encourage effective use of new technologies as tools of learning. While students must have a large amount of flexibility in choosing their individual curricula, certain subjects, skills, and capacities should be learned by all students to become good, successful, innovative, adaptable, and productive human beings in today’s rapidly changing world.Curriculum flexibility means adopting different designs for learning to help make learning more meaningful for 21st-century learners. Some practices in education have become outmoded, and learning experiences should be redesigned to be more relevant to student interests, abilities, and cultures. An additional challenge is that with a more diverse population of students who have a broad range of abilities, innovations must be linked to curriculum goals as well as being challenging and differentiated to provide for an array of learning experiences.

Touchless Thermosensation Enabled by Flexible Infrared Photothermoelectric Detector for Temperature Prewarning Function of Electronic Skin.

Artificial skin, endowed with the capability to perceive thermal stimuli without physical contact, will bring innovative interactive experiences into smart robotics and augmented reality. The implementation of touchless thermosensation, responding to both hot and cold stimuli, relies on the construction of a flexible infrared detector operating in the long-wavelength infrared range to capture the spontaneous thermal radiation. This imposes rigorous requirements on the photodetection performance and mechanical flexibility of the detector. Herein, a flexible and wearable infrared detector is presented, on basis of the photothermoelectric coupling of the tellurium-based thermoelectric multilayer film and the infrared-absorbing polyimide substrate. By suppressing the optical reflection loss and aligning the destructive interference position with the absorption peak of polyimide, the fabricated thermopile detector exhibits high sensitivity to the thermal radiation over a broad source temperature range from -50 to 110°C, even capable of resolving 0.05°C temperature change. Spatially resolved radiation distribution sensing is also achieved by constructing an integrated thermopile array. Furthermore, an established temperature prewarning system is demonstrated for soft robotic gripper, enabling the identification of noxious thermal stimuli in a contactless manner. A feasible strategy is offered here to integrate the infrared detection technique into the sensory modality of electronic skin.

Electron Absorbed Fractions and S Factors for Intermediate Size Target Volumes: Comparison of Analytic Calculations and Monte Carlo Simulations

The absorbed fraction and the S factor represent fundamental quantities in MIRD-based dosimetry of radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT). Although Monte Carlo (MC) simulations represent the gold standard in RPT dosimetry, dose point kernels (DPK) obtained from analytic range–energy relations offer a more practical alternative for charged-particle dosimetry (β- or α-emitters). In this work, we perform DPK- and MC-based calculations of the self-absorbed fractions and S factors for monoenergetic electrons uniformly distributed in intermediate-size target volumes (~mm to cm) relevant to micrometastasis and disseminated disease. Specifically, the aim of the present work is as follows: (i) the development of an analytic range–energy relation, effective over a broad energy range (100 keV–20 MeV) covering most applications of radiotherapeutic interest; (ii) the application of the new formula to DPK-based calculations of the absorbed fraction and S factor and comparison against MC simulations (both published and present work data) as well as the MIRDcell V2.0.16 software, which uses a similar analytic methodology; and (iii) the study of the influence of simulation parameters (step-size, tracking/production cut-off energies, and ionization model) in Geant4-based calculations of S factors. It is shown that the present DPK-based calculations are in excellent agreement (within 1.5%) with the MIRDcell software, while also being in fair agreement with published MC data as well as with the new Geant4 simulations, with average differences of ~20% for the (sub) mm-sized volumes and ~10% for the cm-sized volumes. The effect of the choice of Geant4 simulation parameters was found to be negligible for the examined target volumes (~mm), except for the use of the Penelope ionization model, which may exhibit noticeable discrepancies (up to ~20%) against the Standard and Livermore models. The present work provides quantitative information that may be useful to both the MC- and DPK-based beta dosimetry of micrometastasis and disseminated disease, which represents an important field of application of RPT.

Terrestrial reptiles in the diet of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Salmonidae; Walbaum, 1792)

ABSTRACT Documenting the diet of organisms that have been introduced and naturalised outside their native range is a fundamental component of understanding their trophic interrelations in the receiving environment, and for developing holistic management practices for introduced species’ predation impacts in an ecosystem. We describe two accounts of terrestrial reptiles in the diet of an introduced fish, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in southern NSW, Australia. Our observations from the Southern Hemisphere together with recently published records from the Northern Hemisphere (e.g. USA, France and Italy) represent the presence of reptiles in the diet of O. mykiss across a broad geographical range and highlight a potential additional consideration of introduced salmonids and their impacts on terrestrial species.

A prototype scintillator real-time beam monitor for ultra-high dose rate radiotherapy.

FLASH Radiotherapy (RT) is an emergent cancer RT modality where an entire therapeutic dose is delivered at more than 1000 times higher dose rate than conventional RT. For clinical trials to be conducted safely, a precise and fast beam monitor that can generate out-of-tolerance beam interrupts is required. This paper describes the overall concept and provides results from a prototype ultra-fast, scintillator-based beam monitor for both proton and electron beam FLASH applications. A FLASH Beam Scintillator Monitor (FBSM) is being developed that employs a novel proprietary scintillator material. The FBSM has capabilities that conventional RT detector technologies are unable to simultaneously provide: (1) large area coverage; (2) a low mass profile; (3) a linear response over a broad dynamic range; (4) radiation hardness; (5) real-time analysis to provide an IEC-compliant fast beam-interrupt signal based on true two-dimensional beam imaging, radiation dosimetry and excellent spatial resolution. The FBSM uses a proprietary low mass, less than 0.5mm water equivalent, non-hygroscopic, radiation tolerant scintillator material (designated HM: hybrid material) that is viewed by high frame rate CMOS cameras. Folded optics using mirrors enable a thin monitor profile of ∼10cm. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) data acquisition system generates real-time analysis on a time scale appropriate to the FLASH RT beam modality: 100-1000Hz for pulsed electrons and 10-20kHz for quasi-continuous scanning proton pencil beams. An ion beam monitor served as the initial development platform for this work and was tested in low energy heavy-ion beams (86Kr+26 and protons). A prototype FBSM was fabricated and then tested in various radiation beams that included FLASH level dose per pulse electron beams, and a hospital RT clinic with electron beams. Results presented in this report include image quality, response linearity, radiation hardness, spatial resolution, and real-time data processing. The HM scintillator was found to be highly radiation damage resistant. It exhibited a small 0.025%/kGy signal decrease from a 216 kGy cumulative dose resulting from continuous exposure for 15 min at a FLASH compatible dose rate of 237Gy/s. Measurements of the signal amplitude versus beam fluence demonstrate linear response of the FBSM at FLASH compatible dose rates of >40Gy/s. Comparison with commercial Gafchromic film indicates that the FBSM produces a high resolution 2D beam image and can reproduce a nearly identical beam profile, including primary beam tails. The spatial resolution was measured at 35-40µm. Tests of the firmware beta version show successful operation at 20000Hz frame rate or 50 µs/frame, where the real-time analysis of the beam parameters is achieved in less than 1 µs. The FBSM is designed to provide real-time beam profile monitoring over a large active area without significantly degrading the beam quality. A prototype device has been staged in particle beams at currents of single particles up to FLASH level dose rates, using both continuous ion beams and pulsed electron beams. Using a novel scintillator, beam profiling has been demonstrated for currents extending from single particles to 10 nA currents. Radiation damage is minimal and even under FLASH conditions would require ≥50 kGy of accumulated exposure in a single spot to result in a 1% decrease in signal output. Beam imaging is comparable to radiochromic films, and provides immediate images without hours of processing. Real-time data processing, taking less than 50 µs (combined data transfer and analysis times), has been implemented in firmware for 20kHz frame rates for continuous proton beams.

Enantioselective and Regiodivergent Synthesis of Propargyl- and Allenylsilanes through Catalytic Propargylic C-H Deprotonation.

We report a highly enantioselective intermolecular C-H bond silylation catalyzed by a phosphoramidite-ligated iridium catalyst. Under reagent-controlled protocols, propargylsilanes resulting from C(sp3)-H functionalization, as well the regioisomeric and synthetically versatile allenylsilanes, could be obtained with excellent levels of enantioselectivity and good to excellent control of propargyl/allenyl selectivity. In the case of unsymmetrical dialkyl acetylenes, good to excellent selectivity for functionalization at the less-hindered site was also observed. A variety of electrophilic silyl sources (R3SiOTf and R3SiNTf2), either commercial or in situ-generated, were used as the silylation reagents, and a broad range of simple and functionalized alkynes, including aryl alkyl acetylenes, dialkyl acetylenes, 1,3-enynes, and drug derivatives were successfully employed as substrates. Detailed mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations suggest that an η3-propargyl/allenyl Ir intermediate is generated upon π-complexation-assisted deprotonation and undergoes outer-sphere attack by the electrophilic silylating reagent to give propargylic silanes, with the latter step identified as the enantiodetermining step.

Training students to become responsive therapists: implications from a sequential mixed-methods study on situations that therapists find challenging

ObjectiveTo draw implications for training of therapist responsiveness from a sequential mixed-methods study on challenging clinical situations.MethodStudy 1: online survey mapping frequency and perceived difficulty of 15 clinical situations in a representative sample of psychologists. Study 2: online survey mapping frequency and perceived difficulty of 19 clinical situations among therapists in child and adolescent psychiatry. Study 3: focus group study exploring the situations identified through study 1 and 2.ResultsStudy 1 and 2 showed that ratings of each situation varied between individuals and context. Study 3 showed that the degree to which a situation was challenging was described as depending on the characteristics of the therapist and the context. Experientially, challenging situations were characterized by lacking access to necessary information, falling short, and disturbing arousal. Perceiving therapeutic opportunities despite the challenging nature of the situation, collegial support, self-knowledge, and engagement were important resources.ConclusionSix implications of the results from the three studies for training of responsiveness are discussed: (1) building self-awareness and conceptualization skills; (2) personalizing training; (3) transforming disturbing arousal into engagement; (4) being exposed to a broad range of clinical situations; (5) training on commonly encountered situations; and (6) building tolerance for uncertainty and capacity to seek support.

Modeling and Control of a Novel Variable Stiffness Three DoFs Wrist

This study introduces an innovative design for a Variable Stiffness 3 Degrees of Freedom actuated wrist capable of actively and continuously adjusting its overall stiffness by modulating the active length of non-linear elastic elements. This modulation is akin to human muscular cocontraction and is achieved using only four motors. The mechanical configuration employed results in a compact and lightweight device with anthropomorphic characteristics, making it potentially suitable for applications such as prosthetics and humanoid robotics. This design aims to enhance performance in dynamic tasks, improve task adaptability, and ensure safety during interactions with both people and objects. The paper details the first hardware implementation of the proposed design, providing insights into the theoretical model, mechanical and electronic components, as well as the control architecture. System performance is assessed using a motion capture system. The results demonstrate that the prototype offers a broad range of motion ([55, −45]° for flexion/extension, ±48° for radial/ulnar deviation, and ±180° for pronation/supination) while having the capability to triple its stiffness. Furthermore, following proper calibration, the wrist posture can be reconstructed through multivariate linear regression using rotational encoders and the forward kinematic model. This reconstruction achieves an average Root Mean Square Error of 6.6°, with an R2 value of 0.93.

Transnational Private Actors Shaping the Policy and Practice of Child Institutionalisation

We provide an overview of transnational non-state actors and their agency that shape today’s out-of-home childcare around the world, specifically institutional residential childcare. Based on existing studies and desktop research, we reveal a broad range of complexly inter-related for-profit and non-profit actors promoting diverse, often conflicting policies and practices – with ambiguous implications for children in care. We focus on secular and faith-based international non-governmental organisations, transnational companies, private regulators, and individuals. Many of them promote family- and community-based care, yet many others support orphanages and other forms of institutional care. The growing number of transnational actors in residential childcare, the emergence of private regulatory frameworks, the advance of market-based, for-profit players, and the involvement of well-resourced religious communities make the future of child institutionalisation uncertain. We discuss how this transnational agency compares with other policy fields and propose directions for future investigations of how transnationalism impacts children in care.

Moment tensor potential for static and dynamic investigations of screw dislocations in bcc Nb

A new machine-learning interatomic potential, specifically a moment tensor potential (MTP), is developed for the study of screw-dislocation properties in body-centered-cubic (bcc) Nb in the thermally- and stress-assisted temperature regime. Importantly, configurations with straight screw dislocations and with kink pairs are included in the training set. The resulting MTP reproduces with near density-functional theory (DFT) accuracy a broad range of physical properties of bcc Nb, in particular, the Peierls barrier and the compact screw-dislocation core structure. Moreover, it accurately reproduces the energy of the easy core and the twinning-anti-twinning asymmetry of the critical resolved shear stress (CRSS). Thereby, the developed MTP enables large-scale molecular dynamics simulations with near DFT accuracy of properties such as for example the Peierls stress, the critical waiting time for the onset of screw dislocation movement, atomic trajectories of screw dislocation migration, as well as the temperature dependence of the CRSS. A critical assessment of previous results obtained with classical embedded atom method potentials thus becomes possible.

Proteolytic control of the RNA silencing machinery.

Studies in plants were often pioneering in the field of RNA silencing and revealed a broad range of small RNA (sRNA) categories. When associated with ARGONAUTE (AGO) proteins, sRNAs play important functions in development, genome integrity, stress responses, and antiviral immunity. Today, most of the protein factors required for the biogenesis of sRNA classes, their amplification through the production of double-stranded RNA, and their function in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation have been identified. Nevertheless, and despite the importance of RNA silencing, we still know very little about their post-translational regulation. This is in stark contrast with studies in metazoans, where different modifications such as prolyl hydroxylation, phosphorylation, sumoylation, ubiquitylation, and others have been reported to alter the activity and stability of key factors, such as AGO proteins. Here, we review current knowledge of how key components of the RNA silencing machinery in plants are regulated during development and by microbial hijacking of endogenous proteases.

Item Response Analysis of a Structured Mixture Item Response Model with mirt Package in R

Structured mixture item response models (StrMixIRMs) are a special type of constrained confirmatory mixture item response theory (IRT) model for detecting latent performance differences in a measurement instrument by characteristic item groups, and classifying respondents according to these differences. In light of limited software options for estimating StrMixIRMs under existing frameworks, this paper proposes reparameterizing it as a confirmatory mixture IRT model using interaction effects between latent classes and item groups. The reparameterization allows for easier implementation of StrMixIRMs with multiple software programs that have mixture modeling capabilities, including open-source ones. This widens the accessibility to these models to a broad range of users and thus can facilitate research and applications of StrMixIRMs. This paper serves two main goals: First, we introduce StrMixIRMs, focusing on the proposed reparameterization based on interaction effects and its various extensions. Second, we illustrate use cases of this novel reparameterization within the mirt 1.41 package in R by employing two empirical datasets. Detailed R code with notes are provided for the applications along with an interpretation of the outputs.

Proposal of an Encapsulation-led Disposal Method for Tannery Sludge – A Circularity Approach

In the context of achieving sustainable development goals, continuously pushing possible extended research and attempting to implement the respective outcomes in expanding a circular economy for a broad range of products are high priorities. In this paper, we considered disposable tannery sludge as a matter of concern and proposed an innovative framework for placing tannery sludge in the economic value chain via an encapsulation technique-based construction product development. We used polypropylene plastic and a cement-water matrix as encapsulation materials, and the encapsulated tannery sludge bodies were tested for their drop strength, water absorbing behaviour, ability to leach chromium and tendency to lose weight upon ignition. Value of water absorption for the prepared double layered encapsulated tannery sludge bodies was 1.332%, the drop strength performance index arrived was 90% and 0.0001 µg/g of Chromium leaching was found in Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and shown 67% weight loss in thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis. The results confirmed the possibility of ecocompatible disposal and recirculation of tannery sludge for the sustainable production of building blocks in the form of encapsulated bodies. The outcomes of our work add upon a new perspective to the existing literature regarding the environmentally positive utilization of tannery sludge in the production of building blocks.

Yeast-insect interactions in southernAfrica: Tapping the diversity of yeasts for modern bioprocessing.

Yeast-insect interactions are one of the most interesting long-standing relationships whose research has contributed to our understanding of yeast biodiversity and their industrial applications. Although insect-derived yeast strains are exploited for industrial fermentations, only a limited number of such applications has been documented. The search for novel yeasts from insects is attractive to augment the currently domesticated and commercialized production strains. More specifically, there is potential in tapping the insects native to southern Africa. Southern Africa is home to a disproportionately high fraction of global biodiversity with a cluster of biomes and a broad climate range. This review presents arguments on the roles of the mutualistic relationship between yeasts and insects, the presence of diverse pristine environments and a long history of spontaneous food and beverage fermentations as the potential source of novelty. The review further discusses the recent advances in novelty of industrial strains of insect origin, as well as various ancient and modern-day industries that could be improved by use yeasts from insect origin. The major focus of the review is on the relationship between insects and yeasts in southern African ecosystems as a potential source of novel industrial yeast strains for modern bioprocesses.

Organo-Photoredox Catalyzed gem-Difluoroallylation of Glycine and Glycine Residue in Peptides.

An organo-photoredox catalyzed gem-difluoroallylation of glycine with α-trifluoromethyl alkenes via direct C(sp3)-H functionalization of glycine and C-F bond activation of α-trifluoromethyl alkenes has been described. As a consequence, a broad range of gem-difluoroalkene-containing unnatural amino acids are afforded in moderate to excellent yields. This reaction exhibits multiple merits such as readily available starting materials, broad substrate scope, and mild reaction conditions. The feasibility of this reaction has been highlighted by the late-stage modification of several peptides as well as the improved in vitro antifungal activity of compound 3v toward Valsa mali compared to that with commercial azoxystrobin.

Ynamide Coupling Reagents: Origin and Advances.

Since the pioneering work of Curtius and Fischer, chemical peptide synthesis has witnessed a century's development and evolved into a routine technology. However, it is far from perfect. In particular, it is challenged by sustainable development because the state-of-the-art of peptide synthesis heavily relies on legacy reagents and technologies developed before the establishment of green chemistry. Over the past three decades, a broad range of efforts have been made for greening peptide synthesis, among which peptide synthesis using unprotected amino acid represents an ideal and promising strategy because it does not require protection and deprotection steps. Unfortunately, C → N peptide synthesis employing unprotected amino acids has been plagued by undesired polymerization, while N → C inverse peptide synthesis with unprotected amino acids is retarded by severe racemization/epimerization owing to the iterative activation and aminolysis of high racemization/epimerization susceptible peptidyl acids. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop innovative coupling reagents and strategies with novel mechanisms that can address the long-standing notorious racemization/epimerization issue of peptide synthesis.This Account will describe our efforts in discovery of ynamide coupling reagents and their application in greening peptide synthesis. Over an eight-year journey, ynamide coupling reagents have evolved into a class of general coupling reagents for both amide and ester bond formation. In particular, the superiority of ynamide coupling reagents in suppressing racemization/epimerization enabled them to be effective for peptide fragment condensation, and head-to-tail cyclization, as well as precise incorporation of thioamide substitutions into peptide backbones. The first practical inverse peptide synthesis using unprotected amino acids was successfully accomplished by harnessing such features and taking advantage of a transient protection strategy. Ynamide coupling reagent-mediated ester bond formation enabled efficient intermolecular esterification and macrolactonization with preservation of α-chirality and the configuration of the conjugated α,β-C-C double bond. To make ynamide coupling reagents readily available with reasonable cost and convenience, we have developed a scalable one-step synthetic method from cheap starting materials. Furthermore, a water-removable ynamide coupling reagent was developed, offering a column-free purification of the target coupling product. In addition, the recycle of ynamide coupling reagent was accomplished, thereby paving the way for their sustainable industrial application.As such, this Account presents the whole story of the origin, mechanistic insights, preparation, synthetic applications, and recycle of ynamide coupling reagents with a perspective that highlights their future impact on peptide synthesis.

Photocatalyst-Free Activation of Sulfamoyl Chlorides for Regioselective Sulfamoyl-Oximation of Alkenes via Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT) and Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT) Relay Strategy.

The use of readily available and diverse sulfamoyl chlorides for synthesizing sulfonamide compounds presents an intriguing, yet significantly underexplored strategy. Activating sulfamoyl chlorides via single-electron reduction poses challenges due to their high reduction potential. Alternatively, the SO2-Cl bond in sulfamoyl chlorides could be readily cleaved by XAT. However, the existing methodologies have been limited to either the use of photocatalyst or the monofunctionalization of activated alkenes. Here, we report a regioselective sulfamoyl-oximation of alkenes by involving the activation of sulfamoyl chlorides through a HAT and XAT relay strategy in a photocatalyst-free way. The key to this success lies in the dual roles of tert-butyl nitrite (TBN), which not only serves as the source of oximes but also acts as the HAT reagent to generate the crucial XAT reactive species. The exclusion of metal catalysts or photosensitizers for utilizing light energy renders this protocol versatile and universally applicable for synthesizing a broad range of structurally diverse oxime-containing alkyl sulfonamides.

Tailoring plasmonic sensing strategies for the rapid and sensitive detection of hypochlorite in swimming water samples.

Atunable plasmonic sensor has been developedby varying the dextran content in the initially synthesized dextran-gold nanoparticle (dAuNPs) solution. A colloidal nanogold solution (dAuNPs-Sol) was initially prepared using dextran and gold salt in alkaline media by a one-pot green synthetic route. The dAuNPs-Sol was combined with varying amounts of dextran (ranging from 0.01 to 30.01%) to create a tunable probe, along with different solid formats, including tablet (dAuNPs-Tab), powder (dAuNPs-Powder), and composite (dAuNPs-Comp). Both the liquid and solid phase plasmonic probes were characterized using UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) dynamic light scattering (DLS), and zeta potential analysis. The impact of dextran content in the dAuNP solution is studied in terms of surface charge and hydrodynamic size. The influence of operational treatments used to achieve solid dAuNPs probes is also explored. All plasmonic probes were employed to detect a broad range of OCl¯ concentrations (ranging from µM to mM) in water through aggregation followed by calculating a lower and upper limit of detection (LLoD, ULoD) of the proposed colorimetric sensors. Results indicate that the most sensitive detection is achieved with a lower dextran content (0.01%), which exhibits an LLoD of 50µM. The dAuNPs-Sol sensor is selective and demonstrates real-world applicability, as confirmed by interference analysis and successful testing with various water samples. Additionally, it is found that a 20 × concentration of dextran-coated gold nanoparticles could be attained without any changes in the particle morphology. This concentration is achieved through a straightforward process that does not require the use of a centrifuge machine. This finding highlights the practicality and simplicity of the method, indicating its potential for scalable and cost-effective production of concentrated dAuNPs without compromising their structural integrity.

Laser-Assisted Bonding Approach for Photonic Integration Processes

Current development trends concerning miniaturizing of electronics and photonics systems are aiming at assembly and 3D co-integration of a broad range of technologies including MEMS, microfluidics, wafer level optics, and silicon photonics. To this end, on-chip integration using siliconphotonics platform offers a wide range of possibilities addressing passive optics functionality, active optoelectronic devices, and compatibility with CMOS fabrication. On the other hand, the hybrid technology enabling volume manufacturing of such system-on-chip components it is still in an early development stage. In this work, the original LAB setup with a coaxial bottom irradiation architecture was developed. The setup allows a rapid and energy-effective process with the ability to produce successful electrical bonds with negligible thermalinduced stress and warpage to bonded surfaces. The proposed machine-vision based temperature sensor is validated for photonic integration assembly processes.