Video Broadcasting Research Articles

Analysis of Digital Television User Acceptance After Analog Switch-Off (ASO) Implementation in Jabodetabek

The government officially stopped broadcasting analog television or what is known as Analog Switch Off (ASO) on November 2, 2022, in Jabodetabek. It impacts analog TV users in Jabodetabek, who can no longer receive television broadcasts on their analog televisions. This research aimed to determine user acceptance of digital television broadcasts after implementing ASO in the Jabodetabek area. In the present study, the experience of digital TV users is evaluated using the UTAUT (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology) 2 model and the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The data was obtained from a questionnaire distributed through digital media for the Jabodetabek area. According to data processing, the two factors that significantly influence the user experience of digital television broadcasts are the Analog Switch Off (ASO) policy factor and the habit factor. The hypothesized model suitability test fits the resulting data and can affect the Behavioral Intention 41.4.

Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Digitalisasi Penyiaran Pada LPP TVRI Jawa Timur

LPP TVRI East Java station has carried out preparations for digital broadcast trials on channel 35 UHF starting in 2015. Migration of television broadcasting systems from analog to digital until the time the research was carried out had not been fully carried out because it encountered several obstacles including problems related to government policies which postponed the implementation of full digital broadcasts. The research objective was to evaluate the implementation of digital broadcasting at LPP TVRI East Java. This study uses a type of qualitative research method by analyzing primary data and secondary data descriptively. The implementation of research has been carried out and obtained results regarding the implementation of digital broadcasts on TVRI East Java. Lack of human resources, especially those in charge of transmission stations, both in terms of number and competency that can support the target of the digital broadcasting era. The need for equipment support, spare parts and other back up equipment, to anticipate technical problems so that digital broadcasts can continue to run every day. LPP TVRI East Java starting November 2, 2022 and all terrestrial transmissions must have carried out full digital broadcasts. Having a capacity of 32 MB, LPP TVRI East Java is capable of broadcasting 8 HD content or 12 SD content. Currently TVRI East Java is operating and has broadcast 4 types of programs namely; national broadcasts, East Java local broadcasts, sports broadcasts and world broadcasts.

Expert Credibility and Sentiment in Infodemiology of Hydroxychloroquine's Efficacy on Cable News Programs: Empirical Analysis.

Infodemic exacerbates public health concerns by disseminating unreliable and false scientific facts to a population. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine as a therapeutic solution emerged as a challenge to public health communication. Internet and social media spread information about hydroxychloroquine, whereas cable television was a vital source. To exemplify, experts discussed in cable television broadcasts about hydroxychloroquine for treating COVID-19. However, how the experts' comments influenced airtime allocation on cable television to help in public health communication, either during COVID-10 or at other times, is not understood. This study aimed to examine how 3 factors, that is, the credibility of experts as doctors (DOCTOREXPERT), the credibility of government representatives (GOVTEXPERT), and the sentiments (SENTIMENT) expressed in discussions and comments, influence the allocation of airtime (AIRTIME) in cable television broadcasts. SENTIMENT pertains to the information credibility conveyed through the tone and language of experts' comments during cable television broadcasts, in contrast to the individual credibility of the doctor or government representatives because of the degree or affiliations. We collected transcriptions of relevant hydroxychloroquine-related broadcasts on cable television between March 2020 and October 2020. We coded the experts as DOCTOREXPERT or GOVTEXPERT using publicly available data. To determine the sentiments expressed in the broadcasts, we used a machine learning algorithm to code them as POSITIVE, NEGATIVE, NEUTRAL, or MIXED sentiments. The analysis revealed a counterintuitive association between the expertise of doctors (DOCTOREXPERT) and the allocation of airtime, with doctor experts receiving less airtime (P<.001) than the nonexperts in a base model. A more nuanced interaction model suggested that government experts with a doctorate degree received even less airtime (P=.03) compared with nonexperts. Sentiments expressed during the broadcasts played a significant role in airtime allocation, particularly for their direct effects on airtime allocation, more so for NEGATIVE (P<.001), NEUTRAL (P<.001), and MIXED (P=.03) sentiments. Only government experts expressing POSITIVE sentiments during the broadcast received a more extended airtime (P<.001) than nonexperts. Furthermore, NEGATIVE sentiments in the broadcasts were associated with less airtime both for DOCTOREXPERT (P<.001) and GOVTEXPERT (P<.001). Source credibility plays a crucial role in infodemics by ensuring the accuracy and trustworthiness of the information communicated to audiences. However, cable television media may prioritize likeability over credibility, potentially hindering this goal. Surprisingly, the findings of our study suggest that doctors did not get good airtime on hydroxychloroquine-related discussions on cable television. In contrast, government experts as sources received more airtime on hydroxychloroquine-related discussions. Doctors presenting facts with negative sentiments may not help them gain airtime. Conversely, government experts expressing positive sentiments during broadcasts may have better airtime than nonexperts. These findings have implications on the role of source credibility in public health communications.

Ice hockey puck tracking through broadcast video

Ice-hockey puck tracking is a non-trivial task in hockey video analysis as it highlights the puck in the video for broadcasting, tactical play analysis, or referee assisting. However, difficulties, such as high speed, low texture features in images and constantly changing shape, make well-developed object tracker fail to track the puck. This paper introduces a real-time online-learning ice hockey puck detection and tracking system solely depending on video input to tackle this problem. The proposed approach categorizes pucks into free-moving and control-moving states, using a combination of contour fitting, correlation filter, and motion estimation techniques to detect and track them. A thorough analysis is performed focusing on the tracking scenario using broadcast video. To our knowledge, this is the first approach addressing detection and tracking nearly invisible high-speed pucks when shooting actions take place. Experiments with a comparison between a previous work targeting puck tracking show promising results in detection and tracking the ice hockey puck through broadcast video.

PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP PENGARUH DONGENG PADA OTAK ANAK USIA DINI

The rapid development of information technology, marked by the rise of national private television broadcasts, games, the internet and other entertainment media, is increasingly capturing the attention of the public, especially children. Storytelling activities that used to be often heard are now rarely done by parents or other parties to children. The purpose of this study was to determine the teacher's perception of the influence of fairy tales on children's brains. The research design used is a survey research method with a quantitative approach (Quantitative Research). Data was collected through a questionnaire to twenty early childhood teachers. After the data was collected, the researchers analyzed the data using quantitative data analysis techniques. From the results of the data analysis, the researcher could conclude that fairy tales have an effect on early childhood brain development because fairy tales have many positive impacts on children, including fairy tales can improve children's brain performance, grow creativity. and children's imagination, strengthen social and family bonds, improve communication, can train children's sense of empathy and awareness. through fairy tales can also teach ancestral values ​​including tolerance. Besides being very popular with children, through fairy tales educators can provide various advice, advice, examples, or wisdom through the characters of a story.

The influence of tactical positioning on performance in sprint cross-country skiing.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of tactical positioning on performance in the heats of sprint cross-country (XC) skiing among men and women and the consistency of overtaking events over repeated competitions on the same racecourse. Thirty male and thirty female elite to world-class level skiers within each competition [(sprint International Ski and Snowboard Federation (FIS) points: 40 ± 21 vs. 35 ± 24)] performed two repeated world-cup competitions at four different venues (two in the classical and two in the skating style) between 2017 and 2020. The intermediate rankings at five checkpoints were analysed using television broadcasts of the competitions. Sprint time-trial (STT) rank correlated positively with the final rank for the seven men's (ρ = .54-.82, P < .01) and the eight women's (ρ = .40-.80, P < .05) competitions, while one of the classical competitions for males did not correlate significantly (P = .23). The strength of the correlation coefficients between intermediate ranks and final ranks during the heats increased gradually from the first to the last checkpoint among both sexes in the classical style (τ = ~0.26 to ~0.70) and in the skating style (τ = ~0.22 to ~0.82), in which the majority of performance-variance was decided before the start of the finish sprint. For both sexes, ~20 and 16 overtaking events were observed in each heat for the classical and skating style, respectively. There was a significant sex-difference in the number of overtaking events in one out of the 16 competitions (P < .01), but no differences across seasons for any competition (P = .051-796). Overall, this study showed the importance of tactical positioning for performance in sprint XC skiing, with the number of overtaking events being relatively consistent for competitions performed on the same racecourse.

Automated player identification and indexing using two-stage deep learning network

American football games attract significant worldwide attention every year. Identifying players from videos in each play is also essential for the indexing of player participation. Processing football game video presents great challenges such as crowded settings, distorted objects, and imbalanced data for identifying players, especially jersey numbers. In this work, we propose a deep learning-based player tracking system to automatically track players and index their participation per play in American football games. It is a two-stage network design to highlight areas of interest and identify jersey number information with high accuracy. First, we utilize an object detection network, a detection transformer, to tackle the player detection problem in a crowded context. Second, we identify players using jersey number recognition with a secondary convolutional neural network, then synchronize it with a game clock subsystem. Finally, the system outputs a complete log in a database for play indexing. We demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of player tracking system by analyzing the qualitative and quantitative results on football videos. The proposed system shows great potential for implementation in and analysis of football broadcast video.

“Accompanying the series”: Early British television cookbooks 1946-1976

This paper provides a historical analysis to demonstrate the connections and developmental links which emerged between cookbooks and television in Britain after World War II, focused on television broadcasts in the period 1946 and 1976. In this paper, I discuss how early presenters of British television cookery programmes, and their publishers, had vision and marketing skills which enabled links between visual and printed media, and established a pattern of connected cookbook and television production which is taken for granted today. I examine the connected television and publishing careers of three early British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) television cooking pioneers: Marguerite Patten, Philip Harben and Fanny Cradock, who collectively dominated on-screen cooking programmes from the late 1940s until the mid-1970s. By analyzing their cookbooks, particularly their jackets and promotional materials, and interpreting archival research conducted in the BBC Written Archives and other documentary archives, their contributions will be discussed alongside the development of the television-connected cookbook in Britain. I conclude that these television cooks and presenters made a significant contribution on and off our screens during that period which established the connection between television cooking programmes and cookbooks in Britain.

Television in Kazakhstan Media Space: Development Paradigm and New Trends

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsRinat KertayevRinat Kertayev, PhD Doctoral Student, Department of Television and Radio and Public Relations, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan. Research interests include television broadcasting, media development, digital technology in the media, and the impact of technological changes on society.Dana BaigozhinaDana Baigozhina, PhD, Vice Dean of the Faculty,Department of Television and Radio and Public Relations, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan. Research interests encompass television studies, media production, audience engagement, and the role of television in shaping public opinion.Gulmira AmangeldiyevaGulmira Amangeldiyeva, PhD, Department of Journalism, Karaganda Buketov University, Kazakhstan. Research interests focus on media analysis, television programming, media effects, and the influence of television on society.Serik TakhanSerik Takhan, Professor, Department of Television and Radio and Public Relations, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan. Research interests include media studies, television broadcasting, media convergence, and media policy.Serikzat DuisengazySerikzat Duisengazy, Head of Department, Candidate of Philological Sciences, Department of Television and Radio and Public Relations, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kazakhstan. Research interests encompass media theory, television production, media literacy, and the cultural impact of television.

The Impact of Netflix on Viewer Behaviour and Media Consumption: An Exploration of the Effects of Streaming Services on Audience Engagement and Entertainment Preferences

Online video streaming platforms have swept the globe. Traditional form of entertainment like Television is now being replaced by video on demand services providers such as Netflix, Amazon Prime, Hulu, Disney Hotstar, to name a few. These service providers have now established themselves as a serious rival to the broadcasting and television industry. The demand for regular television broadcasting is declining as these platforms are providing high quality original productions at the ease of the customer’s home. The impact of streaming services, specifically Netflix, on viewers behaviour and media consumption has been explored using both primary and secondary data sources. Primary data source include survey with OTT platform users, while secondary data source encompass studies and reports by media research firms and industry analysts. This combination of data sources provides a comprehensive view of the changes brought about by streaming services. The analysis of both primary and secondary data highlights the shift from linear Tv to on demand viewing, the rise in binge-watching, and the increase in diversity of content due to original programming. The data also shows that personalized recommendation have made it easier for viewers to discover new shows and movies. Overall, the data supports the conclusion that streaming services have transformed the way people engage with and consumer media.

Implementation on SDR platform of algorithms for noncoherent reception of optimal signals built on the basis of eigenfunctions

Formulation of the problem. When transmitting data at speeds above the Nyquist barrier, the algorithmic and computational complexity of radio modems increases significantly, especially with incoherent signal reception. Non-coherent reception algorithms can be implemented on a software-defined radio platform, on which optimal signals are formed and received. The ability to programmatically change the radio frequency parameters of signals without making structural changes to the transmit-receive path can significantly reduce the computing resources of radio modems. The goal is to determine the possibility of practical implementation on the SDR platform (Software Defined Radio) of noncoherent processing algorithms with decision feedback with the choice of optimal values of the observation interval for symbol rates R&gt;1/T using optimal signals built on the basis of eigenfunctions. Results. The possibility of using differential modulation of optimal signals, the forms of which are obtained as a result of solving an optimization problem in accordance with the criterion of the maximum decay rate of the spectrum level outside the occupied frequency band, is shown for packet data transmission protocols and the use of an incoherent processing algorithm in channels with additive Gaussian noise. It is shown that when using algorithms of incoherent element-by-element processing with optimization of the observation interval, it is possible to ensure stable reception of binary optimal signals up to transmission rates exceeding the Nyquist barrier by 1.66 times and for an error probability of 10–3, the energy loss is about 18 dB relative to potential noise immunity. The digital modem of optimal spectrally efficient signals, built on the basis of the SDR platform, makes it possible to conduct spectral and energy efficiency studies in real time in the presence of additive channel noise, and the influence of clock synchronization inaccuracies during packet messaging leads to energy losses of no more than 1 dB. Practical significance. The use of differential modulation of optimal signals can be used in digital television and radio broadcasting systems in the European digital television standards DVB-S2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Satellite Second Generation), DVB-T2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial Second Generation).

Multi-Stage Edge-Guided Stereo Feature Interaction Network for Stereoscopic Image Super-Resolution

Stereo image super-resolution (SR) aims to simultaneously increase the resolution of stereo image pairs, which benefits many downstream three-dimensional (3D) multimedia broadcasting and stereo vision-related tasks, such as 3D television broadcasting and stereo matching. A key insight in convolutional neural networks-based stereo image SR is to enforce stereo feature interactions between the two stereo views to explore complementary cross-view features that can facilitate the SR in both views. To fully exploit the cross-view stereo features, in this paper we propose a new multi-stage network, cascaded by several stereo feature interactions, progressively improving the SR quality from coarse to fine. In particular, an edge-guided stereo attention mechanism is proposed to be embedded into each stereo feature interaction to better capture consistent structure details of the cross-views. Followed by stereo feature fusion and reconstruction modules, we finally put together a multi-stage edge-guided stereo feature interaction network (MESFINet) for stereo image SR. Comprehensive experiments on KITTI2012, KITTI2015, Middlebury, and Flickr1024 benchmark datasets show that the proposed MESFINet achieves superior performance against the state-of-the-art stereo image SR methods and can be used to improve the accuracy of stereo matching.

SMPTE Almanac

<fig orientation="portrait" position="float" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <graphic orientation="portrait" position="float" xlink:href="dolan-3274184.tif"/> </fig> In this column, we provide interesting historical briefs from the Journal articles of days past. The purpose of this column is primarily entertainment, but we hope it will also stimulate your thinking and reflection on the Society’s history, how far we have come in the industry, and (sometimes) how some things never change. This column is sponsored by Television Broadcast Technology, Inc., since March 2001: <uri xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7257346</uri>

Hyperprofessionalized and Commodified: A Case Study Examination of FBS Bowl Games and the Utilization of Football Players as Programmatic Promotional Material

Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) football games are presented in a hypercommercialized manner by television broadcast networks through the targeted use of in-game graphics and corporatized content. While commercialized FBS football broadcast components have been analyzed within the frameworks of a hypercommercialized National Collegiate Athletic Association and media institutional logics, an analysis of commentator language has yet to be examined within the larger institutional field of FBS football broadcasts. Utilizing agenda setting and media framing as frameworks, this case study examined the manner in which commentators frame FBS football players as professionals in a hypercommercialized institutional setting. From a sample of 18 FBS bowl games during the 2019–20 season, discourse and thematic analysis reveal that commentators frame FBS football players in the context of their future professional opportunities (i.e., National Football League). The framing of FBS football players as professionals aligns with extant literature examining the broader institutional field of broadcast media and logics pervasive in the National Collegiate Athletic Association as an organization. The commodification of FBS football players as integral components to strategic programmatic content promoting future broadcast programming is discussed.

The reappropriation of time in television: How traditional qualities of broadcast media are being adopted by their video-on-demand services

Abstract As on-demand media claim an increasing amount of the time we spend on digital media, traditional broadcasters have adopted video on-demand (VoD) services as a means of presenting their programmes. This article analyses two Danish VoD services offered by legacy broadcasters – that is, BVoD services. It argues that the traditional features of broadcast television, to communicate liveness and immediacy, are reappropriated in the publishing practices of the BVoD services. With an analytical focus on the use of temporal paratexts, the article finds that whereas both services emphasise liveness and immediacy in their publishing practices, they apply different means of expressing the temporal qualities. These differences can be attributed to organisational differences. Finally, the article concludes that competitiveness, distinctiveness, and the public service identity of the broadcasters are explanatory factors for the reappropriation of time-structured publishing in the two Danish BVoD services DRTV and TV 2 Play.

The Continued Olympic Agenda Shift: A Case Study of the Time on Camera for Men and Women During the 2022 Beijing Olympics on NBC

This case study assessed the differences in time on camera dedicated to men and women athletes at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. An analysis of the entirety of the programming on the the American broadcast television company NBC, including the prime-time broadcasts, the daytime programming, and the additional nightly content, yielded nearly 185 hr of coded Olympic content. When excluding mixed-sex events, in the 61.5 hr of prime-time coverage, women received 60.05% of the time on camera. During the non-prime-time coverage, which spanned 123 hr, men received the majority of clock time, accounting for 51.6% of coverage. In addition, differences by sport were uncovered, with the major differences occurring in alpine skiing, which saw more women’s coverage regardless of broadcast. In contrast, women received more coverage in freestyle skiing and snowboarding during the prime-time broadcast, but men were more emphasized in these competitions during the non-prime-time content. Utilizing agenda setting as the theoretical framework for this case study, ramifications for these broadcast trends and differences are discussed.

Improving FEC layer frame for DVB-S2 link system based on 5G NR polar coding

Within the scope of this investigation, the MATLAB simulation code for digital video broadcasting–for satellite–second generation (DVB-S2) has been constructed. Forward error correction (FEC) rates as 3/5, 2/3, and 3/4 across additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading channels are used to evaluate the system's performance, mainly while working on quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), 8-ary phase-shift keying (8PSK), 16-ary amplitude phase-shift keying (16APSK), and 32-ary amplitude phase-shift keying (32APSK) official modulation types. The system's redesign has been achieved to investigate high performance and reliability based on a cascade of new radio (NR) fifth generation (5G) Polar coding with low-density parity-check (LDPC). Some signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels were changed when evaluated in contrast to the conventional model. It has been determined that five iterations of the LDPC decoder were performed. In comparison to the traditional model. The proposed design's performance accomplished the highest possible value for reducing the bit error rate (BER) value and investigated better-transmitted power gain for most testing cases.

Analytical Comparison of Path Loss Models for Radio Wave Propagation over Yenagoa–Southern Nigeria

Using propagation models helps with communication system planning and maximizes the use of the radio spectrum, a limited natural resource. Here is a comparative analysis between some propagation models and actual measurements from Yenagoa, Southern Nigeria. Electric field strength measurements made during drive tests for two television transmitters operating at 210.25 MHz and 577.10 MHz make up the experimental data. Analytical comparisons were made between verified predictions for the free space, Okumura, and Hata models and measured data. The results demonstrate that these empirical models fail to take into account Yenagoa's actual terrain profile for television broadcast. The Okumura model is the best fit, with ideal values for root mean square error (RMSE) of 34.9136 and 33.2841 and average relative error of 0.13212 and 0.4327 for 210.25 MHz and 577.10 MHz, respectively. However, if the Okumura model is tailored for Yenagoa to improve electric field strength prediction and coverage estimation, better results can be attained.

‘What about the presumption of innocence?’ Legal consciousness and himpathy in Social Media Users Comments on Flemish #MeToo scandal

In November 2017, after receiving multiple complaints of sexual harassment, the Flemish Radio and Television Broadcasting Organization (VRT) terminated its collaboration with one of Flanders’ most popular TV personalities, Bart De Pauw. What followed was an explosion of opinions from both well-known and ordinary persons. The focus of this article is on the latter: Facebook users commenting on newspaper articles. To gather information about their legal consciousness with respect to the scandal, their comments are analysed using critical discourse analysis. The term legal consciousness refers to the ways in which ‘the law’ is invoked to evaluate and define certain behaviours that occur outside of a legal framework. Legal consciousness is apparent in the comments of social media users with references to elements of procedural justice: the presumption of innocence, to (the absence of) the right to a defence, or to the absence of any evidence. Despite the fact that the women in question have not made a claim in conventional judicial institutions, their complaints are still evaluated within such a framework. The conducted analysis seems to support the paradox identified by Gash and Harding: that law (or rather perceptions thereof) stands in the way of the objectives of an awareness movement and encourages victims of sexual abuse to remain silent (2018). In this context, it appears that commenters are plagued by ‘himpathy’, with a fixation on the harasser’s fall from grace whereby procedural rules are merely used as a decoy. A remarkable finding of this study is the total reversal of victimhood that takes place. It is found that the case at hand clearly illustrates that seizing control of the narrative is part of male dominance, even more so when the alleged perpetrator is popular and powerful.

2000’li Yıllarda Türk Dizi Sektörü Çalışma İlişkileri ve Koşullarına Eleştirel Bir Bakış

Television in the globalizing media industry; constitutes a very important dynamic of economic, social and cultural developments. Television is watched for about three and a half hours every day in Turkey. The fact that this ratio is above the OECD average shows that television is an indispensable part of our lives. Working relations and conditions in the TV series industry appear as a very important, risky and invisible area. In the introduction part of the study, the development and importance of the TV series sector in Turkish television broadcasting is explained. The structure of the workforce in the TV industry is divided into two strata as “above the line and below the line” workers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the working conditions in the TV industry in general (contract types, employment, social security, wages, working hours, insecurity, worker health and safety, organization and unionization), physical (sound and noise levels, working with animals, extreme and cold working in weather conditions, hygiene, cleaning-toilet care, resting and baby care area, fatigue and insomnia and transportation problems) and psycho-social (role-character conflict &amp; professional socialization, stress and burnout, mobbing and abuse). The method of this article; constitutes critical literature on working labor in the television industry. The situation, working relations, conditions and current problems of the workforce in the Turkish TV series sector were revealed, and the study was completed with conclusions and recommendations. Keywords: Television, Serial Industry, Series Set, Working Relations, Working Conditions