Broadcast Format Research Articles

A Wonderful (After) Life: Public Domain Works and Television Discourse

The story of how Frank Capra’s It’s a Wonderful Life accidentally became a holiday classic has become a standard ‘fun fact’ to include when discussing the movie – a chance oversight in paperwork resulted in its copyright expiring in 1974, thus local television broadcasters seized the opportunity to air the film free of charge throughout the Christmas season. This article more closely examines the industrial and legal dealings which determined the fate of the Frank Capra film for nearly four decades, and how those twists and turns were discussed in forums ranging from the popular press to the halls of the U.S. Congress. I investigate the ways in which the prestige that is now associated with the film was only later brought into play as a means of arguing for it to come back under traditional corporate ownership. Using this film as a particular example allows us to clearly see the longstanding discourses of quality that media scholars argue has been associated with the cinematic medium. Meanwhile, the television broadcast format – arguably how Wonderful Life was kept in the public consciousness, growing the film’s fanbase over the years – became tagged as ‘devaluing’ the movie’s status.

Penanganan Manajemen Isu Penutupan Media Penyiaran

Broadcast media such as radio face significant challenges in the digital era, including the issue of broadcast closure, as experienced by Trax FM Jakarta. This research aims to understand the response of the public relations team in managing the crisis, using the case of Trax FM Jakarta. The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study strategy. Data was collected through observation and interviews. The results show that the Trax FM public relations team took steps to manage the crisis by communicating to the public that Trax FM was not closing but changing its broadcast format. Additionally, it was communicated that Trax FM Jakarta’s songs could still be streamed at traxonsky.com. With such issue management, the Trax FM public relations team could better mitigate the closure issue in the community.

DIGITALIZATION OF INFORMATION ON ARDAN BANDUNG RADIO BROADCASTING

Broadcasting media, namely radio and television, is a form of mass media that is efficient in reaching a very large audience. Therefore broadcast media plays a very important role in communication science in general and mass communication science in particular. The publishing industry in Indonesia shows its rapid development. One of the radio stations is Ardan Radio. This research uses a qualitative approach using the case study method. This research was carried out through an interview process, in this research an interview process was carried out with Muhamad Faisal as producer of Ardan Radio & Broadcaster in 2021 in the Ardan School school bus program. Ardan Radio Bandung has a broadcast format that prioritizes pop music, both local and international. Apart from that, they also present news, updates, and interesting segments such as talk shows, games, and interactions with listeners via telephone or social media. This radio has succeeded in building a strong image among young people and the people of Bandung. Ardan Radio has the tagline "Radio Anak Muda Bandung" which reflects its identity as a radio that presents programs that are liked by the younger generation. With the presence of Ardan Radio, listeners can enjoy their favorite music, get the latest information, and be involved in various activities and events hosted by this radio station. Ardan Radio continues to innovate and adapt to technological developments and listener preferences. They are also active in various social activities and support community events in Bandung.

Strategi Pengelolaan Siaran Radio di Era Perkembangan Teknologi Internet

The advancement of communication technology demands that radio broadcast management have a strategy that can overcome tight competition in the computer era. The presence of radio broadcasts through online internet-based platforms is meant to stimulate conventional radio broadcasts to meet the needs of its listeners. Radio broadcast strategies follow technological trends through research to meet listener needs as the basis for broadcast format planning, program scheduling based on segments, and timely delivery to meet listener needs. Online radio broadcasts create new broadcast programs with the aim of expanding the global reach of listeners as a consequence of radio broadcasts in the era of technology. The ability of online radio broadcasting to explore the entire universe globally means that radio broadcast management is still sought after by listeners if it can overcome technological determinism. This radio broadcast management strategy will continue to evolve in line with technological advancements. No matter how much communication technology advances, if a radio broadcast is managed well, it will never be abandoned by its listeners.

중국의 TV방송 프로그램 포맷 보호에 관한 고찰

A broadcast format can be thought of as the framework, containing elements that distinguish it from other programs with fixity and identifiability, such as the program name, stage setting, and background music. There is some debate as to whether program formats can be legally protected under traditional copyright principles based on the idea-expression dichotomy.
 According to China's copyright law, for an intellectual product to be legally protected as a work, the following three conditions must be met: (1) the work must be an intellectual achievement in the field of literature, art, and science; (2) it must have originality; and (3) it must be expressible in a certain form. Given these principles, there are practical limitations to how broadcast program formats can be included in the category of copyrighted works to provide protection under the existing legal order. One way to overcome these limitations is to consider the approach method, which focuses on the substantial similarity of the two broadcast programs at issue.
 On the other hand, in the broadcast program market, subsequent programs created by copying and plagiarizing an existing successful broadcast format may constitute unfair imitation under the Unfair Competition Law and should be sanctioned under the law. If a format creator trades in format rights or attracts investment based on a format, it is an obvious commercial activity. Therefore, if a broadcast program format is in competition, it is reasonable for the format creator's behavior to be regulated by the Anti-Unfair Competition Law. However, there are certain limitations to the ability of the Unfair Competition Act to regulate infringement of broadcasting formats.
 In the future, as trade between Korea and China in the cultural content industry expands, it is expected that the number of broadcast program formats produced in China will increase as in the past. In light of this, the discussion on broadcast program formats in China and the study on how to legally protect the rights of authors is also relevant to Korea.

Format Siaran Dakwah Radio Arrisalah 95,7 FM Dalam Memotivasi Membaca Al-Qur’an di Kalangan Ibu-Ibu di Kecamatan Tanjung Morawa Kabupaten Deli Serdang


 
 A radio station with the name Radio Arrisalah 95.7 FM stands with its own special features from other stations, namely with its Islamic character. One of the most riveting programs that has been able to attract loyal listeners over the years is the Tahsin program. As a result, this program has become a learning tool for all ages, especially mothers who regularly listen to the Tahsin program on Arrisalah Radio 95.7 fm to listen to it every day. The purpose of this study was to find out whether using the da'wah broadcast style on Arrisalah radio can improve mothers' understanding of reading the Koran. Descriptive qualitative approach is used in this research. In order to understand the characteristics of the content, the research data was collected through scientific research methods, observation and interviews. The findings of this study indicate that reading the Qur'an has increased understanding further than before.
 Keywords : Dakwah Broadcast Format, Arrisalah Radio 95.7 Fm, Motivates Reading Al-Qur'an Among Mothers. 

From self-help to self-advocacy for people with disadvantages: narrating problems through Japanese community radio

Abstract This study explores an alternative way for tojisha—a Japanese term that usually translates to ‘the parties concerned’ and ‘who face challenges’—to represent themselves. Specifically, it investigates how tojisha can develop self-advocacy skills using the narrative method that facilitates storytelling and community broadcasting. To this end, we scheduled community radio programmes with the aid of a local social worker, five individuals involved in self-help activities, and their supporters. The structured format of the broadcast enabled the tojisha to talk about their difficulties, desires, and ambitions. Data acquired through pre- and post-activity interviews were analysed to understand how storytelling and community radio help tojisha acquire self-advocacy skills. First, we found that the narrative method enabled the participants to bridge their past and future and contemplate the significance of their difficult experiences. Second, the ‘public’ experience of broadcasting helped the participants gain social awareness, particularly regarding the significance of how their storytelling can initiate social change. The broadcast format developed for this study will be useful to other disadvantaged groups considering the use of media for self-advocacy.

Kiprah Dakwah Virtual di Masa Pandemi Covid 19 Pada Siaran Mimbar Agama Islam di Stasiun TVRI Sumatera Utara

This study describes the vitual da'wah during the Covid 19 pandemic on the broadcast of the Islamic religious pulpit on the TVRI station of North Sumatra. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the broadcast of the Islamic religious pulpit on TVRI North Sumatra in a structured manner. This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach and provides education to the reader. The data collection techniques used include observation, interviews. The results of this study are: First, Islamic broadcasting in the Islamic pulpit program at TVRI North Sumatra uses the discussion and question and answer method. Second, TVRI North Sumatra's Islamic pulpit program is effective in compiling an attractive broadcast format, presenting interactive presenters, presenting resource persons who have competence in the religious field, producing quality broadcasts, preaching materials capable of educating the audience, and providing motivational and educational shows.

Selling terror: a multidimensional analysis of the Islamic State’s recruitment propaganda

ABSTRACT The Islamic State (ISIS) early became infamous for its broadcasts of extreme violence. However, within months, the group’s initially dominant images of combat and executions had been subsumed into a broader propaganda platform more focused on state-building and community engagement. Drawing on a close reading of Abu Bakr Naji’s Management of Savagery, this article conceptualises three dominant themes within ISIS’ recruitment propaganda—violence, state and caliphate—and analyses their development and presentation over time. Employing a recruitment model adapted from Prochaska and DiClemente’s theory of behavioural change, it finds that ISIS developed a multidimensional propaganda platform, undergoing both broad thematic and structural evolution, which democratised the appeal of its jihad to cohorts who would otherwise be uninspired by extremist violence. ‘Technological coding’—the selective publication of thematic content by broadcast format—is proposed as a means by which ISIS was able to sustain binary violent and non-violent identities, and its function in the group’s propaganda machine is explored in depth. In the wake of ISIS’ territorial defeat, understanding the logic and effectiveness of its recruitment methodology is essential in preventing its resurgence or the rise of a newer organisation seeking to take its place.

The Construction of Nonlinear Block Codes for the Enhanced WWVB Broadcast

Nonlinear channel codes are employed to protect two information fields that are related to the daylight saving time (DST) and leap second notifications within the enhanced WWVB broadcast format. The general codebook design criteria and the construction of these codes using integer linear program (ILP) is formulated. Specifically, two different variations are presented: i) minimizing the union bound of probability of word error (PWE), which is a tighter bound but has high computational complexity and ii) minimizing an analytical closed form approximation to the PWE, which has much lower complexity but is a looser bound on the exact PWE. By leveraging the highly non-uniform a-priori probabilities of the different messages being transmitted in these two fields, the proposed nonlinear codes provide coding gains of about 2–3 dB in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). When compared to checksum codes with the same rate, the nonlinear codes offer performance advantages of about 1–2 dB for the DST notification field. In the presence of impulsive noise, simulations and analysis show that the probability of word error when employing the proposed nonlinear code is lower by many orders of magnitude compared with that of the uncoded system.

An ultrawideband indoor positioning system with distributed ranging between tags

The aim of the work is to develop methodologies based on ultra-wideband positioning to create systems for the mutual positioning of moving objects. For this purpose, positioning errors in ultra-wideband radio navigation in the presence and absence of a direct signal propagation line between the radio tag of a mobile object and a base station are shown in the article. In presence of difficulties, pseudorange measurements acquire a displacement error. The construction of positioning systems using the ranges between radio tags (interpersonal channel) is proposed in the article. Construction of schemes based on radio channel models of copper mines shows that there is no error in the displacement of the RFID tag range, which is defined as the sum of the ranges by the intermediate RFID tag. With a low speed of movement of an intermediate RFID tag and a high frequency of range measurements, the intermediate marker can be represented as a fixed base station. The broadcast format of RFID signals will allow avoiding collisions on the air.

Освітня функція документальних телевізійних серіалів: філософське осмислення

The television series are viewed from the perspective of their potential educational role. It is noted that television as a whole, and separately its component – the television series, remain an influential form of media communication of our time, despite the diversification of the delivery channels of the media message and the rapid spread of digital devices.
 In the complex hierarchy of TV formats, genres and niches, the television educational series, when it had being appear, became a hybrid documentary broadcast format. Considering the specificity of the video footage, television as a media is characterized by a high potential for reliable reflection of reality (another thing is how television channels operate on this potential). It is no wonder, then, that scientific documentary, as a genre, existed since the "pre-television" era.
 The focus is on documentary television series that can directly perform educational functions. It is generalized the idea of creating of the television series that are specifically designed for educational purposes and which can be part of relevant educational programs. It is substantiated the expediency of using educational serials on special educational television channels that are already operating abroad and just beginning to develop in Ukraine. It is emphasized that in the broad sense of the word, all television series, even entertaining ones, have a certain educational function – through the translation of certain ideas, values and patterns of behavior embodied by the characters of these serials.
 Typical popular documentary series of recent decades have been analyzed in terms of their specific educational functions. It is substantiated that documentary serials of the present day are able to relay information of a household, scientific and educational value, which should partially rehabilitate both television and television series for educational functions, which are guarded by the culture of any level of the organization.
 Despite belonging to one television format, science and education serials communicate at the level of iconic and index characters, and more entertaining reality shows are saturated with symbolic signs. Because of their conventionality, uncertainty, to some extent, nebula, these shows widen the range of potential interpretations, so they can target a flexible and fragmented audience.

Sport TV Broadcasting of Kazakhstan During the Period of Digitalization of Media

The article studies the development trends of sports television in Kazakhstan. The authors investi- gate the characteristics of the transformation of traditional forms of broadcasting in online media, the impact of social media platforms on the audience and broadcast format, the practice of online broadcast- ing, and media interactivity. The purpose of the scientific article is to determine the development model of Kazakhstani sports TV in the framework of the transformational processes of digitalization and media commercialization. The main idea of the study is to trace the transformation of sports broadcasting in the period of digita- lization of the media, to identify the prospects for broadcasting in social networks. The programs of the first domestic sports TV channel “Kazakhstan Sport-1” (Play TV), the first round-the-clock Kazakhstan TV channel about tourism, fishing, active lifestyle – “Turan TV, created in 2014 with the support of the Committee for Industry and Tourism of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main goal of the channel is to develop domestic tourism in Kazakhstan. The network of broadcasting of the Qazsport TV channel, cre- ated in 2013 and currently the largest sports TV channel in Kazakhstan, has been analyzed. It has been proven that television affects sports and the attitude of viewers to TV broadcasts – new rules are being introduced to make the transmitted image on the screen more accessible to the viewer and timely, sports are being transformed to please the conditions of television, the latest digital technologies are used to broadcast sports events. Understanding the target audience is important not only for sports publications, TV channels, but also federations, sports clubs, organizers of competitions and sports events, advertising agencies whose work is aimed at attracting an audience. Shows the behavior of a sports fan and viewer, which affects television ratings. As a result of the research, methods of content analysis, comparative analysis, sociological research, interviews with journalists were used. The results of the study will serve as the basis for the creation of the channel’s marketing policy, will make it possible to create a new format of programs. The scientific significance of the work lies in the creation of a chronicle of the history of Kazakhstani television, in particular, sports broadcasting.

INTERAKTIVITAS RADIO SUARA SURABAYA: PENGGUNAAN, FUNGSI, DAN MODEL INTERAKTIVITAS

Radio Suara Surabaya (SS FM) is a private broadcasting institution capable of carrying out its role as a public radio. The uniqueness of its role begins with the switch of the SS FM function which originally dominated the content with entertainment into information content. This change in the dominance of content results in a two-way broadcast format, where there is interactivity in it. This study aims to find out about the interactivity that exists between SS FM and its listeners, including the media used, the forms of interactivity, and the factors of interactivity. Computer-Mediated Communication is one of the media theories used as a knife for analysis. Through qualitative research methods, it was found that in interactivity with the listeners, SS FM has standard rules that must be adhered to together. While the elements contained in it are participation, control and activity. In addition, the interactivity media used are telephone, online media and social media. Then the form of interactivity that occurs is interactivity of content and personal interactivity. While three factors cause listeners to interact actively with SS FM, namely the need for information, the need for self-actualization, and the need for self-existence.

Bandersneč - u ogledalu iluzije o slobodi izbora

Bandersnatch, an episode of the science fiction anthology series Black Mirror distributed as an interactive choose-your-own-adventure film, raises the media content consumption to another level with its nonlinear broadcast format by allowing the viewer to seemingly create his or her own version of the film story. Bringing with its name into mind an image of a turned-off display, Black Mirror demonstrates the advantages and dangers of technology, radical technological advancement and its all-pervasiveness and invasiveness in everyday life. Although Bandersnatch is not an adaptation of any of Philip K. Dick's stories, it is a tribute to his fiction, with its interactive format and its content that both explicitly problematize issues of control, illusion of freedom and freedom of choice within a multi-layered labyrinth of non-authentic realities.

Citizens as experts in a Greek political audience discussion program

This article sets out to explore the type of discourses produced by participating citizens in a Greek political audience discussion program, capitalizing on different aspects of the economic crisis that has afflicted Greece since 2010. Departing from the dichotomy between abstract, expert talk and the ordinary discourse of personal experience postulated in the 1990s, and the subsequent transformations of ‘ordinariness’ in current broadcast output, this paper examines the situated performances of citizens in a concrete political broadcast format at a particular moment in time. This moment is characterized by economic crisis, as the overarching societal condition which legitimizes ordinary expertize by endowing citizens with increased conversational rights, compared to what is typical of citizen participation in political panel discussions with an audience in other European contexts, and the entitlement to engage in authoritative forms of talk. By drawing on discourse analysis and conversation analysis of sequences of TV talk, the analysis unveils the rhetorical strategies, as well as the evidential devices and forms of knowledge projected in citizen talk. Finally, the article calls attention to the implications of these forms of discursive participation for empowering the role of citizens in political communication, public dialog and democratic debate.

Position-based Key Sharing with Higher Connectivity and Multivariate Optimized Resource Consumption in WSN

Objectives: This paper proposes an efficient Position-based Key Sharing (PKS) scheme to achieve higher connectivity and ideal flexibility with much less consumption of resources in Wireless Sensor Network and improve the network lifetime. Methods: The design of PKS scheme consists of three steps. Initially Random Position-based Key Pre-distribution is designed in PKS scheme with the objective of increasing the connectivity through assignment of random keys and a unique ID for each sensor node in the network. Multivariate Optimization-based Collective Key Detection in PKS optimizes communication resources by assigning priority with smaller distance than to higher distance. Then, Multivariate Optimization is applied in PKS to optimize communication resources that use Message Broadcast Format for collective key detection. Finally, Key Path organization with secured channel is established based on the closest neighboring sensor nodes vertices. The design of Key-Path Detection algorithm provides a secured communication between sensor nodes and therefore supports data traffic in WSN. Findings: The results are simulated in NS2 for efficient management of data traffic in WSN. The simulation results showed that the proposed PKS scheme out performed than the existing state of the art works in terms number of sensor nodes, connectivity, resource consumption, security and network life time. Improvement: The proposed PKS scheme is able to optimize the resource usage and also improve the network lifetime as compared to the state-of-the-art works.Keywords: Connectivity, Collective Key Detection, Key Sharing, Multivariate Optimization, Pre-distribution, Wireless Sensor Network

Beyond HD: Status of Image Acquisition Solutions for Next-Generation Broadcasting Formats

Many discussions inside the broadcasting community are focused on next-generation broadcast formats. For content producers and distributors, the primary question remains: What will be the best solution for the next-generation broadcast format? Is it just the double pixel count in horizontal and vertical directions? Will a higher frame rate, a higher dynamic range and extended color range, or both provide viewers with a higher value? Or which combination of these improvements needs to be included in a next-generation broadcast format? The answer will likely depend on the type of production, type of content delivery, or both. All of these points have a direct influence on imager technology, and this paper explains the different potential solutions of “4K” or ultrahigh-definition image acquisition, including their strengths and limitations, with a focus on live broadcast productions.

Receiver Design of Radio-Controlled Clocks Based on the New WWVB Broadcast Format

The architecture and algorithms for the first all-digital radio-controlled clock receiver for the new WWVB broadcast format are proposed. To address the potentially low signal-to-noise ratio conditions and the relatively large frequency offsets experienced in the receiver, two alternative timing synchronization approaches are investigated, i.e., one based on a maximum-likelihood (ML) criterion and the other based on correlation. We show that the correlation-based synchronization technique reduces the implementation complexity by over 50%, while its performance is only less than 1 dB inferior to that of the ML-based technique. Decision and detection algorithms are proposed for two operating regimes in the receiver: tracking and acquisition. In tracking, the proposed decision strategies reduce the timing mean squared error by as much as 63% compared with what the synchronizer produces without any additional processing. In acquisition, the proposed joint synchronization and decoding technique significantly improves the robustness by exploiting the channel code in the data. Compared with receivers based on the legacy broadcast, over 15 dB performance gains are achieved by the modulation and algorithms proposed for the tracking and acquisition operations. In addition to reception performance analyses, energy consumption tradeoffs are also presented.

Presencia en la red de las televisiones parlamentarias en España

Web expressions televisions assemblies and regional parliaments (besides the courts and the senate) of Spain, in order to verify at first its existence and form of distribution, either by own present analyzes the Net or by other mechanisms or third channels as using Youtube as channels broadcasting platform. Not only analyzes the presence or existence of such channels, but the broadcast format and the existence of elements of a conservation system and document storage as the existence of video libraries, and historical queries possibilities of audiovisual documents. As a state of the existence of different experiences of parliamentary televisions worldwide are listed as well as a quick run through the evolution of television types offered.