Broader Science Research Articles

Do We Really Need to Ban Scientific Investigations of Other Dimensions of Reality?

The purpose of this article is to offer arguments in favor of doing broad science, which means focusing on the investigation of everything, supported by the elaboration and application of methods that make it possible to objectify reality, which includes the attempt to replicate evidence likely to come from a transcendent reality. We argue that doing broad science depends on adopting the assumption that there are other dimensions of reality since this broadens the horizon of investigation; and to take care that such assumption does not come to be left out due to the influence of intrusive lines of thought of the most diverse. Here we discuss three lines of thought showing fragility in them, which we understand to be well established in current times, especially in the academic environment, and which directly or indirectly advocate the adoption of a materialist vision, namely: the disconnected psychophysical dualism, the myopic pragmatism, and the primacy of epistemology over ontology.

Exploring Influencing Factors at Student and Teacher/School levels on Science Self-efficacy Using Machine Learning and Multilevel Latent Profile Analysis

The main purpose of this study was to explore major factors at student and teacher/school levels affecting middle-school students’ science self-efficacy among countries with high science academic performance levels in PISA 2015 data by using various regression algorithms of machine learning and multilevel latent profile analysis (MLPA). Out of total of 195 (110 at the student-level and 75 at the teacher/school-level), 88 at the student-level and 38 at the teacher/school-level explanatory variables were finally selected after data pre-processing. Through over 20 regression analysis algorithms of machine learning, 10 variables at the student-level and five variables at the teacher/school-level were found to be significant predictors, consistent with previous studies. Next, MLPA was applied to classify underlying science self-efficacy sub-groups at each level and verify the statistical significance of variables affecting science self-efficacy, chosen from the machine learning. Three classes at the student-level (low, moderate, high) and two at the teacher/school-level (mid-low, mid-high) were selected as the optimal number of latent profiles. At the student-level, students with higher environmental awareness, science activities, interest in broad science topics, instrumental motivation, test anxiety, and achieving motivation were more likely to belong to the moderate or high groups than the low group. At the teacher/school-level, the mid-high group had more considerable science-specific resources, higher instructional leadership, a larger student-teacher ratio, and more science teachers than mid-low group. Finally, the significance of the study was presented, and implications for increasing science self-efficacy in middle school students were suggested.

Processing violence: the continuum between fear, doubt, and joy among German soldiers in Afghanistan

Violence in war and the emotions and meanings connected to it can only be understood through a broad social science research approach to tackle the complexity of human reactions to extraordinary experiences in theatres of war. This article looks at the significance of the continuum of emotions from fear, to doubt, to joy for German military personnel in Afghanistan when processing experiences of war-related violence. For a long time, this question of the significance of emotions connected to war and violence was of little interest to military research. The emotional dimension of the human element of war thus remained understudied. Acts of violence, both suffered and committed, however, can be processed socially and culturally in very different ways. They can trigger a plurality of emotions along the continuum between fear, doubt, and joy and between acts of desperation and acts of enjoyment and fun. I want to contribute to a new and more nuanced understanding of the multidimensionality of war and soldiering through a study of the role and implications of violent experiences for soldiers. To gain a more nuanced understanding of these experiences of violence, this article discusses various and shifting emotions among German soldiers who have been deployed to Afghanistan, ranging from fear and joy to relief, doubt, and moral conflict.

The design, implementation, and performance of the LZ calibration systems

LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a tonne-scale experiment searching for direct dark matter interactions and other rare events. It is located at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, USA. The core of the LZ detector is a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC), designed with the primary goal of detecting Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) via their induced low energy nuclear recoils. Surrounding the TPC, two veto detectors immersed in an ultra-pure water tank enable reducing background events to enhance the discovery potential. Intricate calibration systems are purposely designed to precisely understand the responses of these three detector volumes to various types of particle interactions and to demonstrate LZ's ability to discriminate between signals and backgrounds. In this paper, we present a comprehensive discussion of the key features, requirements, and performance of the LZ calibration systems, which play a crucial role in enabling LZ's WIMP-search and its broad science program. The thorough description of these calibration systems, with an emphasis on their novel aspects, is valuable for future calibration efforts in direct dark matter and other rare-event search experiments.

Factors Associated with STEM Career Expectations of Greek 15-Year-Old Students

AbstractScience, technology engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professions offer competitive earnings, tend to be compatible with technological advances, and are predicted to remain in high demand in the future. Many countries, including Greece, have prioritised STEM education on their educational agendas, aiming to prepare students for careers in these fields. In this study, we investigated factors that may predict Greek students’ STEM career expectations through analysing data from the 2015 cycle of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). In doing so, we categorised the responses of 4910 15-year-old students to the question “What kind of job do you expect to have when you are about 30 years old?” into STEM and non-STEM professions, following a wide approach that included health and medical professions in the STEM category and a narrow approach that excluded these professions from the STEM category. Binary logistic regression results showed that student enjoyment of science, instrumental motivation, interest towards broad science topics, and their science performance were associated with their career expectations across both approaches; family economic, social, and cultural status was associated with students’ career expectations within the wide approach only, while gender and achievement motivation were associated with students’ career expectations within the narrow approach only. The differences in the factors predicting students’ career expectations between the two approaches indicate that transparency in the definitions and operationalisations of STEM is needed within the relevant research.

The student staffing advantage: Data Science Consulting Service at NC State University Libraries

AbstractThe primarily peer‐to‐peer, graduate student‐staffed Data Science Consulting Service at NC State University Libraries, within the Data & Visualization Services (DVS) department and collaborating closely with the Data Science Academy (DSA), has established a sustainable service and staffing model focused on providing broad data science analytic support to researchers across the university community. The service addresses the needs of university researchers who possess domain knowledge in their fields of study but a skills gap in the data science competencies required for research. The literature shows that it has been difficult for libraries to cover these needs with existing staffing models. Few universities follow the model practiced at NC State University, so a scan of the current landscape of data science consulting at universities across the country was performed to establish context. The support model and its advantages are described, including partnership with the DSA, student success, model sustainability and future directions for the service. Through a summary of the DVS assessment and needs evaluation process, the service's advantages in staying ahead of patron needs are illustrated. This scalable, sustainable, student‐focused model could be implemented by similar research institutions to expand the capacity of their technical research services.

521 Bringing UCSF Research Resources to Community Health Systems: CTSI Research Infrastructure Network (RIN)

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The CTSI Research Infrastructure Network (RIN) expands CTSI’s reach into the regional health systems to provide our services to a broad and diverse translational science community. We create and support research collaborations that span multiple geographies and patient populations and serve as a bridge between the affiliate sites and CTSI programs. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted needs assessments at each site (n=6) via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders. Informants (n=40) included investigators, study personnel, and research administrators. Investigators were selected across a variety of departments and career stages. Interview transcripts and notes were analyzed using matrix-based qualitative methods to identify both the common and unique research infrastructure needs of each site. Individualized support plans were shared with each site and a comprehensive summary report was presented to CTSI leadership. RIN met with UCSF’s Comprehensive Cancer Center, which conducts clinical trials at 2 sites, to coordinator our effort and services. When possible, RIN addressed service requests in real time that arose during interviews. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We identified heterogeneous needs across multiple sites. However, among the community health systems with non-academic clinicians, there were common needs for research training, consultations in biostatistics/study design, and finding academic collaborators. The needs of sites with UCSF academic faculty differed from those of community sites and mainly included improved awareness and access to CTSI programs, ease of use of data extraction services, training programs, and assistance with regulatory approvals. Site needs are best addressed with individual plans created with CTSI Program leaders. A developing governance structure will include representation on a CTSI advisory committee and an annual conference to facilitate the sharing of best practices and foster collaboration across member sites. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Providing an individualized, site-specific approach to expanding CTSI services to regional health systems, will increase research collaborations across Northern California through building relationships, addressing unique infrastructure needs and sharing best practices throughout the network.

The high energy X-ray probe (HEX-P): instrument and mission profile

The High Energy X-ray Probe (HEX-P) is a proposed NASA probe-class mission that combines the power of high angular resolution with a broad X-ray bandpass to provide the necessary leap in capabilities to address the important astrophysical questions of the next decade. HEX-P achieves breakthrough performance by combining technologies developed by experienced international partners. To meet the science goals, the payload consists of a suite of co-aligned X-ray telescopes designed to cover the 0.2–80 keV bandpass. The High Energy Telescope (HET) has an effective bandpass of 2–80 keV, and the Low Energy Telescope (LET) has an effective bandpass of 0.2–20 keV. HEX-P will be launched into L1 to enable high observing efficiency, and the combination of bandpass and high observing efficiency delivers a powerful platform for broad science to serve a wide community. The baseline mission is 5 years, with 30% of the observing time dedicated to the PI-led program and 70% to a General Observer (GO) program. The General Observer program will be executed along with the PI-led program.

Peran Psikologi dalam Pengelolaan Stres pada Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Keagamaan Buddha

The existence of Buddhist students who experience academic stress in Buddhist religious education study programs is the reason researchers research academic stress in Buddhist students and its impact on student learning outcomes. Psychology as a broad science has many important tasks in human life. In this case, the role of psychology can certainly influence student stress management. From the role of psychology in managing student stress, we know what factors cause stress in students, what the negative impact of stress is, what role psychology plays in managing student stress, and what aspects constitute social support in managing student stress. The aim of research (1) is to explain the causes of academic stress among Buddhist students. (2) analyze the role of psychology in stress management. This research uses a literature review. Case study approach. Research data was collected through a literature review. Data validity using triangulation. The research results show that students experience obstacles in their learning process as follows: Parental demands and academic stress influence learning outcomes such as negative stress and positive stress.

TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TENTANG PRAKTIK JASA WALI NIKAH SIRRI DI BEKASI

Marriage is a sacred ritual that religious and state laws must legalize. Most people want marriage to be a joyous occasion and a way to publicize their status as husband and wife. However, some people keep their marriages secret. In general, Nikah Sirri celebrates a marriage according to Islamic religious rules. However, many things prevent it from being legally recorded by the authorities, in this case, the government, represented by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. This research aims to investigate providers of marriage guardian services in siri marriages that have developed in the community through social media. One of these providers can be found on the website ustadz.my.id/jasa-nikah-siri-bekasi, which offers various services related to siri marriages. This research uses qualitative methods and is centered on empirical research. This research uses a socio-legal approach, a broad social science methodological approach. as the Wali Nikah in Sirri Nikah Services. This study conducted the data collection method in two stages: observation and documentation. The study found that because there is an element of gharar or uncertainty, the practice of providing a marriage guardian in a sirri marriage through a website whose address is ustadz.my.id/jasa-nikah-siri-bekasi is not justified by Islamic legal review. Thus, this element of gharar hinders the practice of providing marriage guardians in sirri marriages. This is in line with the prohibition of the prophet Muhammad to avoid buying and selling gharar.

Preface

This year, Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development (JESSD) is proud to hold its fourth international virtual symposium, featuring world-class speakers and editors worldwide. We were incredibly honored to have invited Mohamad Nor Azra, Ph.D. from Head of Climate Change Adaptation Laboratory, Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Prof. Dr.Arch. Iryna Bulakh from Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany, Dr. Ir. Haruki Agustina, M.Env.Eng.Sc. from Director of Contamination Restoration and Emergency Response of Hazardous Waste, Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia, and Dr. Yuki M. A. Wardhana from Senior Vice President at PT Penjaminan Infrastruktur Indonesia (Persero).The symposium was held in a hybrid format, arranged online and offline, due to related restrictions during Covid-19 pandemic. I appreciate everyone’s participation in the fourth JESSD Symposium: International Symposium of Earth, Energy, Environmental Science, and Sustainable Development, despite the restrictive situation caused by the global Covid-19 pandemic. Instead of being postponed, this symposium was conducted hybridly in response to emerging issues mainly related to earth science, energy, environmental science, and sustainability. Moreover, this symposium also facilitates the publication of qualified research on Environment Sustainable after Covid-19 to contribute to the global response to the post-pandemic situation.This symposium is slightly different from the previous symposium and conference held last year. By making the best use of development in telecommunication platforms, we are able to gather virtually to share our insights and progress covering numerous subjects ranging from: the broad earth science, energy, and environmental science, and the special issues as well as Cleaner Production, Environmental Management and Protection, Environment during Post Covid-19, and Community Empowerment in Environmental Sectors. This symposium utilized Zoom and YouTube, a widely known cloud-based video conferencing tool, as its telecommunication platform.The symposium was held on 26-27 August 2023. Committees are based in School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. We are aware that a hybrid setup will not provide the same experience as an on-site symposium. However, it is in our nature as researchers to be undeterred by new challenges. The opportunity to host this event virtually allows us to facilitate cross-borders discussion and collaboration at lower cost and less impact on the environment through reducing carbon footprint. We have invited some prominent speakers from various regions to provide lectures on a wide range of environmental research. In addition, we have also invited world-class speakers and editors to help with your scientific publication process. The participants (presenters) come from 13 different countries all around the world, including: Iraq, Malaysia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Uzbekistan, Filipina, Jepang, Nigeria, China, Germany, Ukraine, Vietnam, Russia.List of committees, speakers are available in this Pdf.

Archetype-Cation-Based Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid: Aliphatic Primary Ammonium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide as a Highly Functional Additive for a Hole Transport Material in Perovskite Solar Cells.

Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have attracted significant attention owing to their unique nature and a variety of potential applications. The archetypal RTIL comprising an aliphatic primary ammonium was discovered over a century ago, but this cation is seldom used in modern RTILs because other bulky cations (e.g., quaternary ammonium-, pyridine-, and imidazole-based cations) are prominent in current major applications, such as electrolytes and solvents, which require low and/or reversible reactivities. However, although the design of materials should change according to the intended application, RTIL designs remain conventional even when applied in unexplored fields, limiting their functions. Herein, RTIL consisting of an archetypal aliphatic primary ammonium (i.e., n-octylammonium: OA) cation and a modern bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI) anion is proposed and demonstrated as a highly functional additive for a 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-4-methoxyphenylamino)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), which is the most common hole transport material (HTM), in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The OA-TFSI additive exhibits prominent functions via permanent reactions of the component ions with the PSC components, thus providing several advantages. The OA cations spontaneously and densely passivate the perovskite layer during the HTM deposition process, leading to both suppression of carrier recombination at the HTM/perovskite interface and hydrophobic perovskite surfaces. Meanwhile, the TFSI anions effectively improve the HTM function most likely via efficient stabilization of the Spiro-OMeTAD radical, enhancing hole collection properties in the PSCs. Consequently, PSC performances involving long-term stability were significantly improved using the OA-TFSI additive. Based on the present results, this study advocates that reconsidering the RTIL design, even when it differs from the current major designs yet is suitable for a target application, can provide functions superior to conventional ones. The insights obtained in this work will spur further study of RTIL designs and aid the development of the broad materials science field including PSCs.

Preview the Products on Display at Display Week 2023

Preview the Products on Display at Display Week 2023

Phosphorescent extensophores expose elastic nonuniformity in polymer networks

Networks and gels are soft elastic solids of tremendous technological importance that consist of cross-linked polymers whose structure and connectivity at the molecular level are fundamentally nonuniform. Pre-failure local mechanical responses are not understood at the level of individual crosslinks, despite the enormous attention given to their macroscopic mechanical responses and to developing optical probes to detect their loci of mechanical failure. Here, introducing the extensophore concept to measure nondestructive forces using an optical probe with continuous force readout proportional to deformation, we show that the crosslinks in an elastic polymer network extend, fluctuate, and deform with a wide range of molecular individuality. Requiring little specialized equipment, this foundational single-molecule phosphorescence approach, applied here to polymer science and engineering, can be useful to a broad science and engineering community.

The ETNA mission concept: Assessing the habitability of an active ocean world

Enceladus is an icy world with potentially habitable conditions, as suggested by the coincident presence of a subsurface ocean, an active energy source due to water-rock interactions, and the basic chemical ingredients necessary for terrestrial life. Among all ocean worlds in our Solar System, Enceladus is the only active body that provides direct access to its ocean through the ongoing expulsion of subsurface material from erupting plumes. Here we present the Enceladus Touchdown aNalyzing Astrobiology (ETNA) mission, a concept designed during the 2019 Caltech Space Challenge. ETNA’s goals are to determine whether Enceladus provides habitable conditions and what (pre-) biotic signatures characterize Enceladus. ETNA would sample and analyze expelled plume materials at the South Polar Terrain (SPT) during plume fly-throughs and landed operations. An orbiter includes an ultraviolet imaging spectrometer, an optical camera, and radio science and a landed laboratory includes an ion microscope and mass spectrometer suite, temperature sensors, and an optical camera, plus three seismic geophones deployed during landing. The nominal mission timeline is 2 years in the Saturnian system and ∼1 year in Enceladus orbit with landed operations. The detailed exploration of Enceladus’ plumes and SPT would achieve broad and transformational Solar System science related to the building of habitable worlds and the presence of life elsewhere. The nature of such a mission is particularly timely and relevant given the recently released Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023–2032, which includes a priority recommendation for the dedicated exploration of Enceladus and its habitable potential.

Preface

This year, Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development (JESSD) is proud to hold its second international virtual symposium, featuring world-class speakers and editors worldwide. We were incredibly honored to have invited RR. Ratih Dyah Kusumawati, Ph.D. from Center for Resilience and Sustainability Studies (CRESS), Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Indonesia, Assoc. Prof. Hui Nee Au Yong, Ph.D. from Faculty of Business and Finance, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR), Mari Eko Mulyani, Ph.D. from School of Geography and The Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom and School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Assoc. Prof. Hironori Hamasaki from Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, Japan, Dian Novarina, M.Sc. from Deputy Director of Sustainability and Stakeholder Engagement, PT Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (APRIL), Jessica Hanafi, Ph.D. from Executive Director PT. Life Cycle Indonesia, and Dr. Ir. Haruki Agustina M.Sc. from Director of Contaminated Land Recovery and Emergency Response Hazardous and Toxic Waste and Non-Hazardous and Toxic Materials, Ministry of Environment and Forestry.The symposium was held in virtual format due to related restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic. I appreciate everyone’s participation in the second JESSD Symposium: International Symposium of Earth, Energy, Environmental Science, and Sustainable Development, despite the restrictive situation caused by the global COVID-19 pandemic. Instead of being postponed, this symposium was conducted virtually in response to emerging issues mainly related to earth science, energy, environmental science, and sustainability. Moreover, this symposium also facilitates the publications of qualified research on COVID-19 to contribute to the global response towards the pandemic situation.This symposium is slightly different from the previous symposium and conference held last year. By making the best use of development in telecommunication platforms, we are able to gather virtually to share our insights and progress covering numerous subjects ranging from: the broad earth science, energy, and environmental science, and the special issues of COVID-19 Research as well as Community Engagement for Better Environment. This symposium utilized Zoom and Youtube, a widely known cloud-based video conferencing tool, as its telecommunication platform.The symposium was held on 27-28 August 2022. Committees are based in School of Environmental Science, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia. We are aware that a virtual setup will not provide the same experience as an on-site symposium. However, it is in our nature as researchers to be undeterred by new challenges. The opportunity to host this event virtually allows us to facilitate cross-borders discussion and collaboration at lower cost and less impact on the environment through reducing carbon footprint. We have invited some prominent speakers from various regions to provide lectures on a wide range of environmental research. In addition, we have also invited world-class speakers and editors to help with your scientific publication process. The participants (presenters) are coming from 16 different countries all around the world, including: Malaysia, South Korea, Netherland, Ukraine, Thailand, Uzbekistan, Vietnam, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Russia, Brazil, Poland, China, Germany, Tunisia, and Indonesia.We are glad that we received lots of submissions from the symposium and selected a bunch of high-quality papers and compiled them into the proceedings after reviewing them using the double-blind peer review procedure. The symposium is considered successful. Signal loss and some technical issues happened during parallel sessions but had been well and quickly addressed by technical assistants, without causing any significant delay. I express my deep gratitude to the editors: Editors committee: Dr. Ahyahudin Sodri, Dr. Herdis Herdiansyah, Mari E. Mulyani, D.Phil., Dr. Stefanie Steinebach, Prof. Dr. Ing. Ir. Misri Gozan, M.Tech., Dr. Djoni Hartono, Ratih Dyah Kusumastuti, Ph.D., Prof. Dr. Ivandini Tribidasari Anggraningrum, and committees Dr. Herdis Herdiansyah, Nova Amalia Sakina, Azhar Firdaus, Arty Dwi Januari, Hafizha Ilma Qadriina, Sinan Vidi Lazuardi, Salma Mar’atus Sholihah, and HIMPASILING UI Team for their time, hard work, and contribution to support this symposium during this challenging time.I would like to take this opportunity also to express my gratitude for our sponsors, (Danone Indonesia, Induk Koperasi Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia (Inkopol), PT Arlindo Grafimedia, PT Riau Andalan Pulp and Paper (April Group), Bank Rakyat Indonesia, APP Sinar Mas, Harita Nickel, Greenera Consulting, Pertamina Patra Niaga, Starborn Chemical, PT. Prima Kana Energy, Waskita, Roatex, One Global Synergy, and Lintasarta) and also for Himpasiling (Himpunan Mahasiswa Pascasarjana Ilmu Lingkungan) Universitas Indonesia 2022 period for conducting the joint session. Last but not the least, we send our sincere thanks to the IOP publisher for publishing the proceedings.Jakarta, 27 August 2022Editor-in-Chief,Dr. Herdis HerdiansyahList of committees are available in this Pdf.

Assessing the demographics of the 2021 and 2022 CEDAR workshop

The Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions (CEDAR) community is made of engineers, scientists, physicists, and students with a mission to understand the fundamental properties and predictability of the space-atmosphere interaction region, including the mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, and inner magnetosphere. At the 2020 CEDAR annual workshop, community-wide feedback received on diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in CEDAR warranted a grassroots effort focused on addressing the DEI issues raised. This led to the creation of the CEDAR DEI task force, whose goals were to 1) Assess and formalize DEI efforts in CEDAR; 2) Establish and normalize a DEI presence in the CEDAR community; and 3) Foster improvement in CEDAR through implementation of actionable initiatives that promote diversity, equity, and inclusion. Of these actionable items collecting demographic information on those participating in the Annual CEDAR Workshop was identified as the top priority. This paper therefore, reports the demographic information obtained from CEDAR registrants for the virtual workshop in 2021 and in-person workshop in 2022. In general, the demographics of CEDAR are consistent with those in broader science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, that is, most participants identify as male, White, and or Asian/Middle Eastern. On average, women and historically underrepresented races and ethnicities in STEM fields make up roughly 30% and 10%, respectively, of all 2021 and 2022 CEDAR Workshop registrants over the past 2 years. We further discuss the demographics of CEDAR relative to reports published in recent years by other organizations, where possible.

Refugee women's entrepreneurship: where from and where to next?

PurposeThis reflective paper offers an overview on how refugee women's entrepreneurship scholarship evolved, and suggests research directions for the future development of the field.Design/methodology/approachA reflective approach encompassing the evolvement of the field of refugee women's entrepreneurship research.FindingsWhilst refugee women's entrepreneurship scholarship and research, and its interlinks with resilience, empowerment, gender, and livelihoods theoretical framings have flourished in recent years, it remains a relatively young scholarship area, evolving from a broad social science multi-disciplinary base including refugee studies, economics, and development, rather than mainstream business disciplines.Originality/valueRefugee women's entrepreneurship offers a novel approach and contribution to the broader and established gender and entrepreneurship field. Nevertheless, critical research questions and gaps remain within the growing refugee women's entrepreneurship scholarship regarding the potential of entrepreneuring to empower refugee women socially, economically, and politically.

Learn from Others: A Look at Collections Policies from ARL Member Institutions

University of Houston Libraries established a new organizational structure in October 2021 and created the new Collections Strategies & Services department. This unit undertakes a more programmatic, collaborative approach to collections and begins to address the need for a broad, enterprise-wide document that clearly articulates its philosophy and priorities. In order to learn from other libraries and help develop collection plan or policy, an investigation about Association of Research Libraries (ARL) member institutions’ collections policies was conducted. This paper detailed the methodology used to collect these policies, different types of policies and guidelines found on ARL member institutions’ websites, and indications and suggestions for future policy development. The authors also called for collective efforts to build and maintain a collections policies bank for the broad library information science community to facilitate further collaboration and communication across institutions.

Geoffrey Chaucer in Context. The Oxford Handbook of ChaucerThe Oxford Handbook of Chaucer

Geoffrey Chaucer in Context. The Oxford Handbook of ChaucerThe Oxford Handbook of Chaucer