English Literature Research Articles

Primary Pulmonary Liposarcoma: A Case Report.

Primary liposarcoma of the lung is extremely rare. To date, only 24 cases have been reported in the English literature. Herein, we present a case of well-differentiated pulmonary liposarcoma that was misdiagnosed as teratoma on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT) and contrast-enhanced CT. Radical surgery with left superior lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed. The patient experienced recurrence and distant metastases 33 months after surgery. He was alive at the time of writing this report (36 months postoperatively). To our knowledge, this is the first case report of pulmonary well-differentiated liposarcoma.

Learners’ Challenges and Problems in English Writing Skill: A study on students at King Faisal University

The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges that King Faisal University's Applied College students have when learning English writing skills and the strategies they employ to overcome these challenges. Because the instructor will be better informed about the issues students have when writing English essays or paragraphs, the study is important. When teaching writing in class, the English language instructor will concentrate more on the issues and errors that students make. Additionally, the English language instructor will develop new approaches to teaching writing skills and provide extra writing tasks to the students. This research holds significance for curriculum designers as well, since it helps them create a detailed plan outlining the requirements for students.

A Scoping Review on Accuracy and Acceptance of 3D-Printed Removable Partial Dentures

This scoping review aims to provide comprehensive evidence on methods used to assess the accuracy and acceptance of three-dimensional (3D)-printed removable partial dentures (RPDs). An electronic search of English language literature from January 2014 to 2024 was performed on five databases, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar, using MesH terms. The parameter of interest was extracted and presented in tabular form. Of 1025 retrieved studies, 35 studies were included in the final analysis. Most studies were laboratory-based, and clinical trials were conducted between 2018 and 2022 without a control group. The studies included the use of the stone model or duplication model as a reference, as well as the direct 3D printing method and polished frame for detecting the accuracy of fit. The assessment method was divided into two categories: (1) qualitative (visual and tactile method) and (2) quantitative assessment, which includes optical and computerized methods for assessing the accuracy of fit. Dentist perception and patient-related outcomes were evaluated to measure the acceptance of 3D-printed RPDs. In conclusion, patients’ satisfaction and dentists’ acceptance of digitally printed RPDs were greater than those of conventional ones. The quantitative method (mainly computerized) provides a more accurate and precise assessment to evaluate the accuracy of fit. It allows clinicians to detect minute changes that cannot be inspected with visual and optical methods.

A Scoping Review of the Oral Treatment Options for the Management of Detrusor Sphincter Dyssynergia.

Adult neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction may be associated with detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD). Given the sparsity of the literature and the absence of official guidelines regarding the use of oral medications in the management of DSD, this scoping review aims to critically assess the available evidence to guide future research and practice. We conducted a systematic scoping review of articles published from 1950 to July 2023 using PubMed, MedLine, Scopus and CINAHL databases to assess all oral treatment options for DSD. All study designs were included. The search was limited to English and French literature regarding human patients over 18 years of age with DSD. Of the 899 records screened, 15 studies were included, involving a total of 257 participants. Alpha-adrenergic blockers, nitric oxyde and muscle relaxants have been used in the treatment of DSD. A decrease of postvoid residual volumes and an improvement of symptom scores as well as urine flow rates were reported in several studies. Regarding the alpha-adrenergic blockers, five of the six studies that detailed postvoid residual volumes and subjective improvement noted benefits in most patients. Additionally, two of the three studies that addressed mean flow rate observed improvements in most patients. All six studies that documented adverse effects found side effects in only a slight minority of patients. Alpha-adrenergic blockers are promising, but there is lacking evidence on the oral treatment of DSD. This study highlights the importance of conducting more studies to draw solid conclusions and stop treating these patients empirically.

Comparative efficacy of topical commercial Chinese polyherbal preparation for vulvovaginal candidiasis: a network meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the differences in the efficacy of commonly used topical commercial Chinese polyherbal preparations (CCPPs) for vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug regimens.MethodsComputer searched major Chinese and English literature databases, and collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of external use of CCPPs combined with conventional treatment (CT, test group) versus CT alone (control group) in patients with VVC. After screening the literature, the quality of the included studies was assessed using the risk of bias assessment tool recommended in 5.3 of the Cochrane Handbook. Outcome data for each outcome measure were extracted and a network meta-analysis was performed using Stata 15.0.ResultsA total of 74 RCTs with a total of 8,151 patients were included, nine interventions were involved. The results of network meta-analysis showed that, Fufang Shajiziyou suppository combined with CT was more effective in improving the negative conversion rate and controlling the recurrence rate of Candida albicans. Kangfu gel combined with CT had the better effect in relieving pruritus. Baofukang suppository combined with CT was the most effective in reducing leukorrhea. Fufukang spray combined with CT had fewer adverse reactions.ConclusionThe addition of CCPPs to CT may acquire a better curative effect in patients with VVC and external does not significantly increase the occurrence of adverse reactions. However, due to the low quality of the included literature, larger-scale, higher-quality clinical studies are still needed.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, NO: CRD42023410244.

Nutritional interventions to prevent and reduce overweight and obesity during postacute stroke rehabilitation: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionIndividuals with stroke are at risk of long-term overweight and obesity due to biopsychosocial factors. Being overweight and obese is associated with an increased risk of numerous chronic conditions, including...

The Role of Language in Shaping Literary Identity: A Comparative Study of Modern English Literature

The Role of Language in Shaping Literary Identity is a crucial topic of great interest among researchers and critics. It has occupied the foreground of academic study. With respect to modern English literature, the function of language is not merely confined to communication; it plays a vital role in shaping the identity of both the author and the text. Relevantly, language influences the way the writers draw character sketches in their literary works and how they tackle themes and narrative structures. The main objective of this research is to explore how language acts as a tool of expression to shape literary identity in the works of modern English literature. To relieve the task of academic research, some representative literary texts have been selectively chosen. Bearing in mind that some areas of research still need to be brought into the scope of literary discussion, the study focuses on comparing the works of different authors from a diverse range of backgrounds, genres, and cultural contexts within the English-speaking world in the modern times. The interactive relationship between language and literary identity is investigated; the study seeks to trace how language reflects and constructs the identities of writers and their narratives in the context of modernity. The research attempts an outline of literature review, illuminating the topic perspectives and highlighting the role of language in shaping literary identity. The study also adopts an analytical, comparative approach, supported with authenticated references and insights: selected texts are linguistically, contextually and thematically analyzed.The conclusion draws lines together, providing a deeper understanding of the intersection between language, identity, and literature in the contemporary world of English literature.

Impact of extensive reading programs on vocabulary development and reading comprehension

This study investigates the impacts of an Extensive Reading (ER) program on students’ vocabulary size and reading comprehension, addressing a critical gap in supporting learners with low English proficiency. The research focuses on students enrolled in the Written English 1 course at Petra Christian University, many of whom have repeatedly failed the course due to limited vocabulary and difficulties in reading comprehension. Participants include first-year students required to read at least 20 graded readers over one semester, progressing from level-1 to level-2 materials as part of their coursework. Data collection involves pre-and post-tests to measure vocabulary size and reading comprehension, student reading logs to track progress, and semi-structured interviews to capture student experiences and perceptions of the ER program. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of test results and qualitative insights from interviews to understand the program’s effectiveness comprehensively. Findings are expected to offer practical implications for enhancing reading and language proficiency in similar educational contexts.

Error patterns in student translations: A study of grammatical issues in higher education

The importance of learning English has grown significantly in response to its role as a global means of communication. Mastery of English, particularly its grammatical aspects, is essential for effective communication and is often developed through formal education, such as university programs. This study examines the grammatical competence of undergraduate English Literature students during the 2022/2023 academic year, as reflected in their translation texts. The study analysed 11 translation texts selected from the population using Corder’s superficial basis error classification framework, encompassing four types of errors: omission, addition, selection, and ordering. The classified data were further analysed using general English grammar theories. The findings reveal significant grammatical errors in the students' translations: 49 errors of omission (48%), 7 errors of addition (7%), 40 errors of selection (30%), and 5 errors of ordering (5%). These results highlight specific areas of grammatical difficulty faced by students, offering insights into the need for targeted instructional strategies to improve their grammatical proficiency. This research underscores the importance of error analysis in enhancing the quality of English language education in higher learning institutions.

The tibiofibular mortise - anatomical controversies and their clinical importance: a historical and pictorial essay.

During 280 years of studies of the anatomy of the distal tibiofibular articulation, there have arisen many unclear issues regarding the description of individual structures and their terminology. These historical inaccuracies were subsequently reflected in the clinical practice. A literature search of original publications and historical sources was performed. The distal tibiofibular articulation is a synovial joint, rather than a syndesmosis, as it is an integral part of the ankle joint. The interosseous tibiofibular ligament (ITFL), described for the first time by a French anatomist Bichat in 1801, is the strongest ligament of the tibiofibular mortise. Unfortunately, this clinically important ligament is not recognized by the current international anatomical nomenclature. The terms anterior inferior (AITFL) and posterior inferior tibiofibular ligaments (PITFL) are historical remnants "reimported" from the American/British literature and should not be used, because the analogous superior ligaments do not exist. The intermalleolar ligament, first described by Weitbrecht in 1742, is a variable, but constant, structure reinforcing the posterior capsule of the ankle joint. The term inferior transverse ligament (IFT) denoting in the English literature the inferior part of the posterior tibiofibular ligament was originally used for the intermalleolar ligament. The IFT ligament is a part of the posterior tibiofibular ligament and there is no reason to stress its importance. The chaos in the anatomy, terminology and depiction of the articulation of the distal tibia and fibula, unparalleled in any other joint of the human body, is the result of historical development. A certain negative role was, in this respect, played also by Basiliensia Nomina Anatomica (1895), that eradicated ITFL and called the distal tibiofibular joint a syndesmosis.

A thematic analysis of Mandatory, Will and Freedom in Wuthering Heights

The research includes a literary analysis of the novel Wuthering Heights by the English writer Emily Bronte, where the details and various human feelings, difficulties and conflicts that the characters went through. In this story, the author narrates in this novel, a mix of reality and imagination for the characters from the arrival of Heathcliff until his death in Wuthering Heights. The characters witnessed all the horrors, slavery and its suffering, as the novel presented to us the lives of the characters from childhood until adulthood and then death, since Heathcliff’s arrival from Liverpool and his relationship with Catherine and Hindley, then moving on to the events of the love relationship between Heathcliff and Catherine, and her decision to marry Edgar Linton to help Heathcliff to obtain freedom, as well as the lives of the characters of the second generation. This novel presents an extraordinary fate of Heathcliff and Catherine, who were in turn prisoners of an imperfect relationship between an adopted person and a girl from an aristocratic family. This study aims to analyze Emily Brontë's characters. The research deals with the different narrative stages in the novel. Which the writer used in narrating the novel. The research also focused on dealing with the phenomenon of mandatory, will, and freedom that Bronte dealt with, taking into account the opinions of Hegel and Sartre.

Effects of Cloud-based Gamified Instruction Integrating Peer Assessment on Primary Students’ English Writing and Critical Thinking

English writing and critical thinking are not only fundamental to academic success but also play a crucial role for the holistic development of primary students. This study investigated the effects of a cloud-based gamified instruction integrating peer assessment on primary student English writing and critical thinking. A pre- and post-test with a delayed pos-test research design was used; thirty-five grade sixth students participated in the study. The research instruments included writing and critical thinking tests. The data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. There was a significant improvement writing from a pre-test through and post-test and delayed post-test (F = 853.76, p < 0.001). The F-value indicated a significant difference between pre- and post-test, but there was little difference between post- and delayed post-tests. The high effect size (η² = 0.96) confirmed the effectiveness of the intervention on writing. Similarly, analysis also indicated a significant effect the intervention on the critical thinking improvement over time (F = 632.89, p < 0.001). The high effect size (η² = 0.95) emphasized the practical significance of the improvements across the three time points. This confirmed the positive effects of the cloud-based gamified instructional model on writing and critical thinking.

Métissage in Art/Re-search (T)here: Entanglements of be-longing and re-storying

Art/Re-search (T)here is a project that includes seven re-searchers/co-conspirators from different academic fields who identify a need for, and absence of, arts-based research in their respective fields, including English Literature, Cultural Studies, Labour Studies, Education, Game Design, and Interdisciplinary Studies (Film Studies, Indigenous Studies & Social Work). The art/re-search that co-conspirators create tell stories differently; re-storying how and where research is done, and with whom, as it engages with (post)qualitative practices and posthumanism as a decolonizing research methodology. This article works through the (in)tensions of re-storying and art, the limitations of language and embodied (be)longings occurring through the virtual material-discursive. (T)here, the primary investigator of the project of Art/Re-search (T)here be-longs with co-conspirators and this is shared through métissage, a research methodology that unfolds via an affective decolonizing responsibility.

Quantitative Reconsideration of an L1 Effect on Asian Learners’ L2 English Writing: A Study Based on the ICNALE

A writer’s L1 is generally believed to influence their L2 English writing significantly. However, the extent to which L1 backgrounds influence Asian learners’ L2 English writing has not been wholly elucidated due to the lack of data covering various learners in Asia. Therefore, this study analysed more than one-million-word essays written by 2,318 Asian students with 18 regional backgrounds and more than 14 L1 backgrounds, which were taken from the International Corpus Network of Asian Learners of English (ICNALE) Written Essays and the ICNALE Written Essays Plus, currently under construction. The analytical focus was whether learners with the same or similar L1 backgrounds were agglomerated in a single subcluster despite the difference in the other parameters, such as essay topics. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analyses that focused on the surface layer (words), the deeper layer (lexicogrammatical features), and the latent layer (textual factor scores) of student writing revealed that the degree of L1-based output similarities may be much lower than generally believed, which requires us to reconsider the traditional view that a writer’s L1 is an absolute factor in determining the aspects of their L2 use and establish a new analytical framework for discussion of Asian learners’ L2 English.

English Lecturers' Perceptions towards the Quillbot App: An Alternative for Students in Paraphrasing and Rewriting English Writing

This study examines the perceptions of English lecturers at the Faculty of Languages and Culture, University of 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang, regarding the use of QuillBot, an AI-powered paraphrasing tool, in academic writing. In an era where digital tools are transforming educational practices, QuillBot offers features such as grammar improvement, paraphrasing, and plagiarism prevention, which are particularly beneficial for non-native English speakers. Employing a quantitative research approach, data were collected through structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with seven English lecturers familiar with QuillBot. Findings reveal that 85% of lecturers perceive QuillBot as beneficial for enhancing students' paraphrasing and rewriting skills, while 70% believe it improves grammar and sentence structure. However, 30% expressed concerns about over-reliance on the tool, which may hinder the development of students’ independent writing abilities. The study underscores the importance of integrating QuillBot into teaching strategies responsibly. While its utility in fostering academic integrity and writing proficiency is evident, lecturers emphasize the need to balance its use with traditional learning methods to ensure holistic language development. The research highlights the potential of QuillBot to supplement instruction, but cautions against its overuse, which might compromise critical thinking and originality in student writing. Recommendations include incorporating QuillBot into process-oriented writing pedagogies, promoting digital literacy, and utilizing peer-review sessions to mitigate dependency. The study contributes to the discourse on AI-driven tools in education, advocating for a balanced approach that maximizes their benefits while maintaining academic integrity. Limitations include the small sample size and focus on a single institution, suggesting avenues for future research involving diverse contexts and quantitative assessments of QuillBot’s impact on writing quality and plagiarism rates.

Eighteenth-Century Day Excursions: Finding Authority in the Narration of Brief Visits and “A Diversity of Objects”

This article argues that a focus on the day excursion as a particular form of journey, with its inherent limits in relation to scale, distance, and duration, enables us to bring recent critical thinking on microtravel as a form with “foundations in the depth or intensity of description” into dialogue with scholarship that has given sustained attention to modes of descriptive practice that were specific to eighteenth-century British literature and the narrative representation of interior domestic space. The three English travellers under consideration are John Loveday (1711–1789), Dorothy Richardson (1748–1819), and Caroline Lybbe Powys (1738–1817). All made numerous home tour journeys of different kinds but never published their records of their travelling in their lifetimes. All displayed sustained interest in interior description, whether that was for the purpose of antiquarian research, as was the case with Loveday, and to some extent, Richardson, or as a means of collecting, arranging, and performing domestic aesthetic sensibility, as in the writing of both Richardson and Powys. The small local journeys analysed here speak of privileged leisure: the accounts offer experimentation in the narration of journeys made within limits, but those limits are rarely of opportunity. Yet these young travellers still negotiate authority: in the practice of day excursioning, and in writing up those experiences, we see each traveller utilising this compact form to find opportunities for self-assertion, employing the formulaic structures of antiquarian record and country house catalogue in order to articulate an independent curatorial voice.

Basics of Academic Writing in English

Basics of Academic Writing in English

Long-term care insurance and implementation for older people in China: a systematic review of textual evidence protocol.

The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize and compare policies and implementation strategies on long-term care insurance for older people in China. Current information about China's long-term care insurance from a textual perspective is limited. Due to late inception and fragmented management, textual evidence on this topic will offer a unique perspective on the structure and implementation strategies of long-term care insurance policies in China. The population of this review will be adults aged 60years or over. The phenomena of interest will be long-term care insurance policies and implementation strategies in China. Published sources and gray literature in English and Chinese since 2016 will be included. Exclusions will apply to hospitalized individuals as well as those under 60years of age, who are permanently disabled due to illness or disability. The proposed systematic review will be conducted in line with the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of textual evidence. Databases to be searched will include PubMed, Embase, (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). For gray literature, we will conduct an advanced Google search as well as searching ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global. Additionally, we will search the websites of local governments in pilot cities. The JBI critical appraisal checklist for textual evidence will be used to evaluate the quality of textual sources. All identified sources will be retrieved and assessed in detail by 2 independent reviewers. Data extraction and synthesis will be conducted using the JBI System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information. A meta-aggregative approach will be employed to synthesize data and conclusions, which will be graded using ConQual. A recommendation will be issued as a Good Practice Statement. PROSPERO CRD42023414967.

Writing Development in the L2: A Look into Depth of Processing Using Verbal Protocols

Depth of processing (DOP) refers to the way information is processed in the mind and how it affects recall. Studies have examined DOP in different areas of L2, such as reading, and more recently attention has been paid to learners’ writing, but it remains to be more thoroughly studied. Therefore, to better understand the role of DOP in the incorporation of corrective feedback on the writings of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) language learners, and to find out how DOP is related to changes in the learners’ final written product, the present study asked 30 intermediate EFL learners having Persian as their L1 to edit their writings based on the feedback they received, either thinking aloud or being silent. Findings suggested that learners processed lexical items at a deeper level than grammatical items. A significant difference was found when comparing the quality of the two writing versions. Thinking aloud did not impact learners’ performance when compared to the silent condition. These findings contribute to the strand of recent studies that have looked into the role of DOP in L2 writing and highlight how DOP contributes to L2 learners’ writing development.

Trichoscopic Features of Lichen Planopilaris versus Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are primary scarring alopecias that few authors consider the same entity, and some consider them different. Objective: We describe and summarize the trichoscopy features of both conditions. Methods: We performed extensive literature search using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The Chi-square test was applied to for calculating the proportions of dermoscopic features in LPP and FFA. P- values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 60 articles, 33 (16 LPP, 17 FFA) were considered for quantitative analysis due to availability in English literature with full text. We found that peripilar cylindrical casts and perifollicular redness with arborizing vessels were predominant features suggesting early LPP. In contrast, yellow dots, perifollicular erythema, and scattered pigmentation suggested active FFA. Shiny white area was seen in both groups in the inactive stages. The target arrangement of blue-grey dots, milky-red areas, and irregularly arranged white fibrotic dots were seen in late LPP, and black dots, lonely hairs, and loss of vellus hairs were detected in the later stages of FFA. Features such as blue-grey structureless areas, blue-white veil, and variability in morphologies of hair shafts were nonspecific. Conclusion: This article provides a comprehensive literature review, correlating dermoscopic features with histopathological findings and the similarities, differences, and peculiarities of LPP and FFA.