British Psychiatry Research Articles

Emigration of German psychiatrists to England. 1: England as a refuge for psychiatrists

During Nazi time some 100 German psychiatrists emigrated to the U.K. and worked there for the rest of their lives or a number of years. An approximately equal number of them came into close contact with (a) the developing modern British psychiatry and (b) with psychoanalysis, which had already been established for a long time. With the exception of the Maudsley Hospital and the British Psychoanalytic Society, no groups have been established, so that there are many individual life histories of the former German psychiatrists in the U.K. in a series of papers we intend to review the movement and its consequences. Long before the emigration movement began there were already convergent evolutions in the British and German psychiatry. The current paper studies the historical conditions encountered by the psychiatric clinicians and classical-psychiatric immigrants on their arrival in Britain.

Deploying a community mental health team for the effective care of individuals with schizophrenia

Community mental health teams (CMHTs) have their origin in the American Community Mental Health Centre programme of the 1960s. The teams were mandated to provide services with an emphasis on the needs of the severely mentally ill (SMI). However, over time the focus of work became ‘the worried well’, to the neglect of those with severe mental illness. CMHTs are now a firm feature of British psychiatry. A Sainsbury Centre study recently identified over three hundred CMHTs across England, defining themselves as comprising at least four members, from two or more disciplines, with a caseload of individuals with mental health disorders, largely residing in the community.

The fracturing of medical dominance in British psychiatry?

AbstractMedical dominance is not a transhistorical and invariant property of the medical profession. Rather it is a set of occupational privileges that can be invoked or revoked according to changing alignments of political, economic and cultural power. Using the example of British psychiatry in the context of the health service reforms of the 1980s, it is argued that medical dominance may be fracturing as a result of the policy switch towards community mental health care and the managerial reorganisation of the health services. Knowledge claims and medical procedures that have legitimated the dominant position of psychiatry within the mental health services ‐ a medico‐eclectic ideology, a view of doctor superiority over other mental health professionals and the extensive use of physical treatments—are outlined and contrasted with the conflicting ideas and authority structures of community care and health service management. Challenges to medical dominance in mental health, it is contended, are represented by the legislative empowerment of a range of previously subordinated groups of professionals and para professionals. This paper draws primarily upon two sources of data; an ethnography and in‐depth interview study of 40 psychiatrists and managers in the Bristol area in 1989–90 and an analysis of the writings of psychiatrists in the professional press.

Are psychiatry attachments in developing countries for the British trainee useful?

Experience of psychiatry in a developing country is not generally regarded as pertinent to the training of the British psychiatrist. In this article I draw on my own experience of a psychiatric attachment in India to argue that such experience can be useful and relevant for British psychiatry trainees, and that it should be encouraged.

150 Years of British Psychiatry, 1841-1991

150 Years of British Psychiatry, 1841-1991

Lunacy in the Stoke-upon-Trent workhouse 1834–1900

The New Poor Law Amendment Act of 1834 led to the admission of considerable numbers of pauper “lunatics, idiots and imbeciles” to parish workhouses. The Stoke-upon-Trent workhouse, erected in 1832, had progressively to increase its accommodation for this class of inmate who, by 1899, numbered about 100. Brief details are given of nursing staff and of improvements in conditions of care following recommendations of the Lunacy Commissioners. Primary sources of information are indicated and emphasis is laid on the importance for the history of English psychiatry of documenting the care of the mentally ill and mentally impaired in Union workhouses.

ICD, Mental Disorder and British Nosologists: An assessment of the uniquely British contribution to psychiatric classification

During several recent international meetings on classification, there have been frequent references to national systems of classification developed and used in Europe, North America and many other countries. The UK has been notably absent from this list. As Professor Kendell, in his brief historical survey of the subject, points out: “British psychiatry does not have, and indeed never has had, any important diagnostic concepts of its own in the way that French, American, and Scandinavian psychiatry still do” (Kendell, 1985).

Cognitive therapy.

The scientific approach advocated in CBT has increased its credibility with more biologically orientated therapists (who have remained sceptical of other psychodynamic models), making the approach acceptable to a broad group of psychiatrists. There is a rich clinical literature describing the techniques and applications of CBT in a wide variety of settings. The acquisition of a selection of the above texts offers a useful starting point, and scanning of major British and American psychiatry and psychology journals is likely to turn up at least one important paper every few months. Those with a commitment to research would benefit from subscribing to the journal Cognitive Therapy and Research. CBT does not aim to be a panacea for every disorder, and cognitive therapists are critical of its overzealous use by inadequately trained or poorly informed therapists. To practise effectively, the therapist needs a coherent cognitive model of the problem being treated and, as such, must explore the theoretical background literature and critically evaluate the data from process and outcome research. Hopefully, this 'scientist-practitioner' approach, tracing the emergence and development of the theory and principles of the model underpinning the therapy, means that cognitive therapists practise what they preach.

An indictment of British psychiatry

An indictment of British psychiatry

Book Review: 150 Years of British Psychiatry, 1841–1991

Book Review: 150 Years of British Psychiatry, 1841–1991

'In the guise of science' : literature and the rhetoric of 19th-century English psychiatry

'In the guise of science' : literature and the rhetoric of 19th-century English psychiatry

Ideology, Camouflage or Contingency? Racism in British Psychiatry

"...Are we so sure that the racist form of intolerance results chiefly from the wrong ideas of this or that group of people about the dependence of cultural evolution on organic evolution? Might not these ideas be simply ideological camouflage for more concrete oppositions based on a desire to subjugate other groups and maintain a posi tion of power?"

German E. Berrios and Hugh Freeman (eds), 150 years of British psychiatry 1841–1991, London, Gaskell for the Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1991, pp. xv, 464, illus., £15.00 (0-902241-36-2).

German E. Berrios and Hugh Freeman (eds), 150 years of British psychiatry 1841–1991, London, Gaskell for the Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1991, pp. xv, 464, illus., £15.00 (0-902241-36-2).

Maintenance treatment in recurrent depression: current and future directions. The first William Sargant Lecture.

When William Sargant died in 1988 at the age of 81, he had made his mark on British psychiatry. He had exerted considerable influence on US psychiatry as well. This was especially obvious during a time when physical treatments were hardly the fashion in US psychiatry. As The Times (1988) stated at the time of his death, he had made psychiatry more respectable by keeping it close to the medical model. He did a great deal to make depression intelligible to general practitioners and, therefore, to make it a legitimate, respectable illness.

Book reviews

British Journal of PsychologyVolume 83, Issue 3 p. 425-447 Book reviews First published: August 1992 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8295.1992.tb02451.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Book reviewed in this article: Introduction to the Theory of Neural Computation. By J. Hertz, A. Krogh & R. G. Palmer. Expert Systems. By R. A. Benfer, E. E. Brent Jr & L. Furbee. New Tools for New Minds. A Cognitive Perspective on the Use of Computers with Young Children. By David F. Sewell. Acquired Neurological Speech/Language Disorders in Childhood. Edited by B. E. Murdoch. Continuities of Deprivation? The Newcastle 1000 Family Study. By I. Kolvin, F. J. W. Miller, D. Mcl. Scott, S. R. M. Gatzanis & M. Fleeting. Family Therapy: Training and Practice. By P. Stratton, M. Preston-Shoot & H. Hanks. Hypnosis in Therapy. By H. B. Gibson & M. Heap. The Anatomy of Adolescence: Young People's Social Attitudes in Britain. By A. Furnham & B. Gunter. The Child's Theory of Mind. By Henry M. Wellman. Depressive Disorders: Facts, Theories and Treatment Methods. Edited by B. B. Wolman & G. Stricker. Becoming a Reader: The Experience of Fiction from Childhood to Adulthood. By J. A. Appleyard. 150 Years of British Psychiatry, 1841–1991. By G. E. Berrios & H. Freeman. Metaphors in the History of Psychology. Edited by D. E. Leary. Parallel Distributed Processing: Implications for Psychology and Neurobiology. Edited by R. G. M. Morris. Acts of Meaning. By Jerome Bruner. Handbook of Social Psychophysiology. By H. Wagner & A. Manstead. Personal Construct Counselling in Action. By Fay Fransella & Peggy Dalton. Personnel Selection and Productivity. By Mark Cook. On the Move: The Psychology of Change and Transition. Edited by S. Fisher & C. L. Cooper. Feminists and Psychological Practice. Edited by E. Burman. Citing Literature Volume83, Issue3August 1992Pages 425-447 RelatedInformation

150 Years of British Psychiatry, 1841–1991. Edited by G. E. Berrios and H. Freeman. (Pp. 464; illustrated; £15.00.) Royal College of Psychiatrists/Gaskell: London. 1991.

150 Years of British Psychiatry, 1841–1991. Edited by G. E. Berrios and H. Freeman. (Pp. 464; illustrated; £15.00.) Royal College of Psychiatrists/Gaskell: London. 1991.

150 Years of British Psychiatry 1841 – 1991. German E. Berrios, Hugh Freeman, editors. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists/Gaskell, 1991. 480pp, £15.00.

150 Years of British Psychiatry 1841 – 1991. German E. Berrios, Hugh Freeman, editors. London: Royal College of Psychiatrists/Gaskell, 1991. 480pp, £15.00.

Violence and junior doctors working in psychiatry

Aggression directed towards health care workers has been widely discussed (Health Services Advisory Committee, 1987), but information relating to British psychiatry has been anecdotal. The Collegiate Trainees' Committee (CTC) has recently expressed concern about the apparent dearth of training opportunities in the recognition and management of aggression, and the difficulty in obtaining post-incident counselling (1991).

150 years of british psychiatry, 1841–1991. Edited by G. E. Berrios and H. Freeman. Gaskell, Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1991. No. of pages: 464. Price £15.00

International Journal of Geriatric PsychiatryVolume 7, Issue 2 p. 147-147 Book Review 150 years of british psychiatry, 1841–1991. Edited by G. E. Berrios and H. Freeman. Gaskell, Royal College of Psychiatrists, 1991. No. of pages: 464. Price £15.00 Antonio Lobo, Antonio Lobo University of ZaragozaSearch for more papers by this author Antonio Lobo, Antonio Lobo University of ZaragozaSearch for more papers by this author First published: February 1992 https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.930070214AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. Volume7, Issue2February 1992Pages 147-147 RelatedInformation

BOOK REVIEWS

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS Get access 150 Years of British Psychiatry 1841–1991. Edited by G E. Berrios and H Freeman 1991 Pp. 464London: Gaskell, Royal College of Psychiatrists. Price £15. RAJENDRA PERSAUD RAJENDRA PERSAUD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Brain, Volume 115, Issue 2, April 1992, Page 640, https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/115.2.640 Published: 01 April 1992