British Legation Research Articles

Documents in Chinese from the Chinese Secretary's Office, British Legation, Peking, 1861–1939

In 1959 a collection of over twenty thousand Chinese-language documents, previously kept in the rambling Peking compound which had housed the British Legation (latterly, British Embassy) since 1861, was transmitted to the Public Record Office in London. It was given the class title Papers in the Chinese Language and the class number FO 682. The documents, some of which were rumoured to have been lying among the rafters of the Legation chapel, arrived in a state of confusion. Early attempts at listing reflected rather than resolved the confusion, but the documents are in fact far from being the trackless jumble sometimes supposed.

The Crowd in The Persian Revolution

The Constitutional Revolution of 1905-09 was a major watershed in Persian history. It ended the traditional system of government in which the Shah, as the Shadow of God on Earth, ruled his people without any legal and institutional limitations. And it introduced the constitutional system of government in which “the people” were sovereign, and their elected representatives made and unmade ministers, laws, budgets, concessions and foreign treaties. In this revolution the political crowd played a prominent role. An organized procession in April 1905 raised the issue whether the Shah could freely choose his administrators. A larger assembly, nine months later, initiated the demand to limit the monarch's arbitrary powers by creating a “House of Justice.” Spontaneous riots in June 1906, and the killing of demonstrators, poured a stream of blood into the wide gap between the government (dawlat) and the nation (millat). A general strike in July, and the exodus of 15,000 from Tehran into the British Legation, forced the court to grant the country a written constitution with an elected House of Parliament.

STEPHEN WOOTTON BUSHELL.

STEPHEN Bushell, a graduate of the University of London in 1866, who served for thirty years as physician to the British legation in Peking, ultimately became the world authority on Chinese porcelain and pottery (Fig. 1). Few physicians have reached a more eminent position in a field other than their primary vocation, for Bushell's knowledge of Chinese literature and art, together with his fluency in the language, was unrivaled in his time. How this all came about is almost a unique story in the annals of medicine.Born in Ash-next-Sandwich, Kent, in 1844, Bushell obtained his preliminary education in a . . .

Britain in the Middle East

Essay| June 01 1956 Britain in the Middle East Sir John Troutbeck Sir John Troutbeck Former British Ambassador to Iraq SIR JOHN TROUTBECK served as British Ambassador to Iraq from 1951-1954. Prior to this post he was the head of the British Middle East Office, Cairo. He was also formerly Secretary of the British Embassy in Turkey and of the British Legation in Ethiopia. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Current History (1956) 30 (178): 321–326. https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1956.30.178.321 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Sir John Troutbeck; Britain in the Middle East. Current History 1 June 1956; 30 (178): 321–326. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/curh.1956.30.178.321 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentCurrent History Search This content is only available via PDF. © 1956 by The Regents of the University of California1956 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

A CONSERVATIVE VIEW OF THE COMMONWEALTH

The Political QuarterlyVolume 24, Issue 2 p. 167-180 A CONSERVATIVE VIEW OF THE COMMONWEALTH Julian Amery M.P., Julian Amery M.P. Born 1919. Educated Eton and Balliol College, Oxford. Attaché to British legation, Belgrade 1939. Worked with resistance movements in the Balkan countries during Second World War. Conservative M.P. for North Preston since 1950. Member of British delegation to the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe in 1950, 1951 and 1952. Visited Rhodesias, Mauritius, Kenya and Malta as a member of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association delegation. Has also travelled extensively in the U.S., Canada, Europe and the Middle East. Author of Vol 4 of the life of Joseph Chamberlain, etc.Search for more papers by this author Julian Amery M.P., Julian Amery M.P. Born 1919. Educated Eton and Balliol College, Oxford. Attaché to British legation, Belgrade 1939. Worked with resistance movements in the Balkan countries during Second World War. Conservative M.P. for North Preston since 1950. Member of British delegation to the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe in 1950, 1951 and 1952. Visited Rhodesias, Mauritius, Kenya and Malta as a member of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association delegation. Has also travelled extensively in the U.S., Canada, Europe and the Middle East. Author of Vol 4 of the life of Joseph Chamberlain, etc.Search for more papers by this author First published: April 1953 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-923X.1953.tb00259.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume24, Issue2April 1953Pages 167-180 RelatedInformation

Austria Before the Anschluss and a View of Her Future Prospects

I SHALL not attempt to review the early history of Austria, her contribution and her successes through the centuries, her failures and her blunders. Austria's role is summed up in many well-known sayings, the first some five hundred years ago: erit in orbe ultima; Revanche pour Sadowa, which heralded the 1870 War; L'Autriche c'est la guerre, I think from the Peace Conference of 1919; S'il n'y avait pas l'Autriche il faudrait la creer, the pronouncement of a Czech statesman many years ago. British interest in Austria is nowhere better summed up than in the now famous declaration of Sir Austen Chamberlain on April 1, 1936:2 The independence of Austria is a key position. If Austria perishes Czechoslovakia becomes indefensible; then the whole of the Balkans would be subjected to a gigantic new influence. Then the old Germanic dream of a Central Europe ruled by and subject to Berlin would become reality from the Baltic to the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, with incalculable consequences not only for our country but our Empire. With that brief preface I come straight to the years 1933-8 which cover the period of my mission to Austria. Herr Hitler became of the Third Reich on January 30, 1933. Within three months, owing to internal troubles in Austria in which the Pan-Germans were involved, Dr. Dollfuss had contrived to suppress the Austrian Parliament, availing himself of some emergency legislation which was passed during the war of 1914-18. He tendered his resignation to the President, but it was refused. This action brought him into most unfortunate conflict with the Socialist Party of Austria, a conflict which was to develop so calamitously a year later. In the month of June 1933 Dr. Dollfuss attended the World Economic Conference in London as the representative of Austria. He was made the object of a very great ovation and many complimentary references to the Pocket Chancellor appeared in the British Press. There is little doubt that this reception created a deep impression on the mind of Dr. Dollfuss. He returned to Vienna convinced that in the struggle in which he was engaged with Hitler he had powerful support at his back. I arrived in Vienna early in July 1933, following almost immediately in the footsteps of Sir Eric Phipps, owing to the special wish of the that there should be no interregnum at the British Legation. I think it would have been impossible for anyone to visit Austria in

Wild Flowers of Attica

MR. SHIRLEY ATCHLEY, long a member of the British Legation at Athens, was a man who published nothing, but enjoyed a scholar's reputation among men of learning. For he knew the paths and the by-paths, the beaten and unbeaten tracks of Greece as no one else did and probably no other man had ever done; and his knowledge was so great as to become almost legendary of the language and its dialects, the folklore and not least the field-botany, both of the mainland and of the islands. He dreamed of the books he should write some day; he even planned one on the vernacular names of the Greek plants, but nothing came of it. But he kept on sending plants, rare and common, to Kew until he built up a great herbarium, and the more his reputation grew the more kindly and good-humouredly did he answer the countless questions which men were wont to ask him. Wild Flowers of Attica By the late Shirley Clifford Atchley. Prepared for publication by Dr. W. B. Turrill. Pp. xix + 60 + 22 plates. (Oxford: Clarendon Press; London: Oxford University Press, 1938.) 25s. net.

Persian Medicine. By C. Elgood, late Physician to the British Legation in Persia. Clio Medica. 6½ × 4½, pp. x + 105, ills. 11. New York: Paul B. Hoeber, 1934. $1·50.

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British Food Journal Volume 31 Issue 5 1929

1. In accordance with instructions we visited Holland on 18th August, 1927, and after calling at the British Legation and making some preliminary inquiries at the Department van Binnenlandsche Zaken en Landbouw and the Department van Arbeid, Handel, en Nijverheid we spent the ensuing week visiting condenseries, creameries and farms in various parts of the country and making inquiries of managers and experts employed at the creameries and condenseries and of farmers and farm hands at the farms which we visited. We were able' to see the various activities involved in the production of condensed milk, butter and cheese, the actual milking and care of the cows, the transport of the milk and its handling at the creameries and condenseries, and the various processes through which it passed in its conversion into condensed milk, butter and cheese. The regulations and organisation for the hygienic control of these processes were explained to us by officials at the two Government departments mentioned above, and in certain of the districts visited we took the opportunity of calling upon the respective directors of the Keuringsdienst van Waren for each of these districts and ascertained the scope of their activities and their procedure for enforcing the regulations.

A CHINESE CRETIN TREATED WITH NATIVE MEDICINE

Cretinism among the Chinese apparently is not common. Annual reports from 14 hospitals in China, giving diagnoses of 33,000 in-patients, do not record a case of this disease. The cretin here reported was a Chinese boy of 17 years who was sent to the Peking Union Medical College Hospital by Dr. Bryan-Brown of the British Legation. There was no family history of goiter. He looked like a child of four or five years. He could not walk without support and could answer only simple questions. His temper was uncertain. When displeased he squealed like a pig. He weighed 46 pounds and was 39 inches in height. His head was disproportionately large, eyes wide apart, mouth open, lips thick, skin dry, and abdomen protruding. He had no axillary or pubic hair and the genitalia were infantile. There was persistent flexion of the wrists and fingers, in a position characteristic of tetany.

War-time Archæology1

THE volume before us might truly be described A as a “war number,”for it represents not only the published work of the British School at Athens for the first regular session after the armistice, but also mainly the results of observations made while on duty by actual and former students. The seven students of the British School of Archæology who lost their lives during the war, and the school's distinguished and learned librarian, F. W. Hasluck, who died early in 1920 of a malady caused or aggravated by war service in Greece, are appropriately commemorated, and a brief summary shows the war work which fell to other students. It is a striking and varied record. If the school had done nothing beyond training for eventual public service in Greece and the Near East so large a body of men accustomed to observe accurately, handle native labourers tactfully and economically, and act with expert know-ledge and executive efficiency, it would have earned many times over the miserable allowance which it receives annually from the Treasury. Special mention is made in the annual report and in a letter of thanks from the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs of the services of the director, Mr. A. J. B. Wace, who was attached to the British Legation at Athens during the war while carrying on the school as a hostel for British officers in transit or on duty in Greece.

The Mythical Zoology of the Far East

A SHORT time ago the British Museum acquired a comprehensive collection of Japanese and Chinese pictures, made by Mr. William Anderson, for some years medical officer to the British Legation in Tbkio. This gentleman's magnificent work on the “Pictorial Arts of Japan” has already been noticed in these columns; and he has just placed students of the arts of the Far East under an additional debt of gratitude to him by the preparation of a catalogue of his collection in the British Museum, which has just been published by the Trustees of that institution. With this volume, except for a special purpose, we have nothing to do; but it is impossible to glance through it without being struck by the amount of labour which the author has devoted to his dissertations on the various schools of painting, to his descriptions of characteristic examples of these schools, and to his explanation of the motives which inspired the artists. The word “catalogue” is a modest one to employ in describing the work, for though it contains the numbers and names of the pictures, this is the least part of its contents.