Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method Research Articles

Skrining fitokimia dan uji toksisitas ekstrak daun balik angin (Mallotus Sp) terhadap larva Artemia salina Leach dengan metode brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT)

One of the plants that are used to regular treatment is behind the wind (Mallotus sp.). Traditionally this is used for the relief of pain and increase stamina by way of boiling the seven pieces of young leaves and drink once a day in the morning. This research aims to know the acute toxicity of ethanol extracts of leaves behind the wind (Mallotus sp) against larvae of Artemia salina Leach BSLT method. The research method used is qualitative analysis of chemical compound and Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method with post-test-only control group design. The results of research on ethanol extracts of leaves behind the wind showed the value of LC50 of 32.061 ppm, so can be said of ethanol extracts of leaves behind the wind on this experiment of acute toxicity has on the larvae of Artemia salina Brine Shrimp method using Leach Lethality Test (BSLT).

CURCUMINOID AND TOXICITY LEVELS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF JAVANESE GINGER (Curcuma xanthorriza) ON BRINE SHRIMP (Artemia salina) LARVAE AND ZEBRAFISH (Danio rerio) EMBRYOS

Objective: This study was aimed at determining the levels of curcuminoids and analyzing the toxicity of ethanol extracts of Javanese ginger.Methods: Curcuminoid levels were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography, while the toxicity tests were done on larva of brine shrimp (Artemia salina) by using a brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) method and embryos of zebrafish (Danio rerio) using a zebrafish embryo acute toxicity (ZFET) method.Results: The level curcuminoid of ethanol extracts was 10.5% dry wt., consisting of curcumin at the highest percentage (68.06%) followed bydesmethoxycurcumin (24.6%) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (1.41%). In BSLT method, the lethal concentration 50% values (LC) value of our ethanol extract was 238 ppm, whereas in ZFET method, the LC value at 96 hours after fertilization was 80 ppm. The ethanol extract of ginger caused major malformations of the pericardial edema of zebrafish embryos at a concentration of 100 ppm. 50Conclusion: The ethanol extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza from Bogor contained curcuminoids consisting of curcumin, desmethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin, with acute toxicity, caused major malformations on the pericardial edema in zebrafish embryos.Keywords: Curcuma xanthorrhiza, Curcuminoid, Toxicity, Zebrafish embryo acute toxicity.50

Bioaktivitas Ekstrak Daun Keladi Birah (Alocasia indica Schott) Terhadap Larva Udang A. salina LEACH Dengan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT)

Has done research Bioactivity Of Extract of Keladi Birah’s Leaf (Alocasia indica Schott) Against A. salina Leach Larvae Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method. The purpose of this research to know bioactivity of keladi birah’s leaf against A. salina Leach larvae. Bioactivity of keladi birah’s leaf extract can view from the decease of A. salina Leach larvae ,then that been counted with Reed and Muench table. LC50 value of each crude extract methanol, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction and n-butanol fraction was 68,86 ppm, 25,80 ppm, 20,89 ppm and 21,33 ppm. The resulted of brine shrimp lethality test showed that the keladi birah’s leaf is a bioactivity against A. salina Leach larvae.

UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL UMBI TALAS (Colocasia esculenta L. Schoot ) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST TERHADAP Artemia Salina Leach

The research of toxicity assay of Ethanol Extracts of Taro tubers (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) have been conducted with the aim of determining the effects of toxicity and anticancer potential of ethanol extract of tubers of taro (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) by Brine Shrimp Lethality Test method against Artemia salina Leach. Ethanol extract, made with concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 1000, and 10000 µg/ml and for comparison with the drugs vincristine concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 µg/ml. Negative control using sea water made with the same concentrations. Furthermore, each concentration 10 ml of sea water and then put 10 shrimp larvae. The treatment is done by 10 replication at each concentration. Observations were made after 24 hours of treatment by counting the number of dead larva. The observations calculated using probit analysis program, showed LC50 values with 95% confidence level is 33,997 µg/ml (7,970 µg/ml-151,231 µg/ml). And the results of a comparison of data from drug vincristine showed LC50 value is 0,398 µg/ml (0,259 µg/ml-0,624 µg/ml).

TOXICITY TEST DIETHYL ETHER EKSTRACT Oxalis corniculata L. HERB ON BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST METHOD

Recearch toxicity effect of standar dietil eter ekstract Oxalis corniculata L. herb at Artemia salina Leach with purpose to determine toxicity potencial and LC 50 value Oxalis corniculata L. herb on brine shrimp lethality test method. The result of this research shows that diethyl ether ekstract Oxalis corniculata L. herb at concentration 100, 50, 5, 1, 0.5, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01 µg/ml and controler is diethyl ether. Presentation data of Artemia salina Leach larvae was analyzed with probit analysis to count LC 50. Ekstract is toxic if LC50 value < 1000 µg/ml . So obtained that diethyl ether ekstrak Oxalis corniculata L. herb is toxit to Artemia salina Leach larvae with LC 50 4,17± 2,59 µg/ml . Key words : Oxalis corniculata L, Toxicity, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test.

TOXICITY TEST DIETHYL ETHER EKSTRACT Oxalis corniculata L. HERB ON BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST METHOD

Recearch toxicity effect of standar dietil eter ekstract Oxalis corniculata L. herb at Artemia salina Leach with purpose to determine toxicity potencial and LC 50 value Oxalis corniculata L. herb on brine shrimp lethality test method. The result of this research shows that diethyl ether ekstract Oxalis corniculata L. herb at concentration 100, 50, 5, 1, 0.5, 0.1, 0.05, 0.01 µg/ml and controler is diethyl ether. Presentation data of Artemia salina Leach larvae was analyzed with probit analysis to count LC 50. Ekstract is toxic if LC50 value < 1000 µg/ml . So obtained that diethyl ether ekstrak Oxalis corniculata L. herb is toxit to Artemia salina Leach larvae with LC 50 4,17± 2,59 µg/ml . Key words : Oxalis corniculata L, Toxicity, Brine Shrimp Lethality Test.

Potent cytotoxic flavonoids from Iranian Securigera securidaca

The seeds of Securigera securidaca (Fabaceae) were used for treatment of diabetes in folk medicine of Iran. In this study the cytotoxicity of different fractions of seeds extract led to purification of potent cytotoxic flavonoids. In the examination of cytotoxicity with brine shrimp lethality test method petroleum ether and chloroform fractions and chloroform (C6) subfraction showed best cytotoxicity with IC50 about 20–22 μg/ml. All fractions and effective subfractions (mortality more than 50 %) were selected for investigation of cytotoxicity measured by MTT assay on three cancer cell lines: colon carcinoma (HT-29), breast ductal carcinoma (T47D), colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2), and normal cell line (NIH/3T3). Results showed cytotoxicity of some chloroform and methanol subfractions against HT-29 and T47D. Three flavonoid glycosides have been isolated from some methanol subfractions. This is the first report for these compounds from seeds extract of S. securidaca. Their structures were determined as orobol-4′-O-glucopyranoside 1, isorhamnetin 3-O-neohesperidoside 2, and isosalipurposide 3. Compounds 1 and 2 showed potent cytotoxicity against abnormal cells in comparison to Methotrexate. All of the fractions and compounds demonstrated no toxicity on NIH/3T3 normal cells, means the selective toxicity of plant on cancer cell lines and safety of folkloric usage.

UJI TOKSISITAS FRAKSI n-BUTANOL BERUWAS LAUT (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST

The research on Toxicity Test Of n-Butanol Fraction Beruwas Laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method an investigation with larvaes Artemia salina Leach as test animal which is intended to potential toxic test. Each treatment is done the replication of research 3 times of the fraction n-butanol beruwas laut concentration are 0,1 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ ml, 100 μg/ml and solvent control n-butanol by same concentration. The result is against larvae that died 24 hours after component test was given. Through the data, LC 50 value of n-butanol fraction Beruwas Laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) was analyzed by probit analysis. This research indicated concentration of fraction n-butanol of beruwas laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) could kill larvae by the concentration of 0,1 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml . The result of probit analysis indicated that LC 50 value of fraction Beruwas Laut of ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) was 12,16 ± 11,23 µg/mL. Research result and probit analysis indicated that n-butanol fraction of beruwas laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) toxic characteristic by LC 50 value was 12,16 ± 11,23 µg/ml. On according Meyer test result explained toxic about Artemia salina Leach when extract had LC 50 less of 1000 µg/mL. Key Words : Toksisitas Test, n-butanol Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.)Roxb ), Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

UJI TOKSISITAS FRAKSI n-BUTANOL BERUWAS LAUT (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST

The research on Toxicity Test Of n-Butanol Fraction Beruwas Laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Method an investigation with larvaes Artemia salina Leach as test animal which is intended to potential toxic test. Each treatment is done the replication of research 3 times of the fraction n-butanol beruwas laut concentration are 0,1 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ ml, 100 μg/ml and solvent control n-butanol by same concentration. The result is against larvae that died 24 hours after component test was given. Through the data, LC 50 value of n-butanol fraction Beruwas Laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) was analyzed by probit analysis. This research indicated concentration of fraction n-butanol of beruwas laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) could kill larvae by the concentration of 0,1 μg/ml, 1 μg/ml, 10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml . The result of probit analysis indicated that LC 50 value of fraction Beruwas Laut of ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) was 12,16 ± 11,23 µg/mL. Research result and probit analysis indicated that n-butanol fraction of beruwas laut ( Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) toxic characteristic by LC 50 value was 12,16 ± 11,23 µg/ml. On according Meyer test result explained toxic about Artemia salina Leach when extract had LC 50 less of 1000 µg/mL. Key Words : Toksisitas Test, n-butanol Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.)Roxb ), Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Analgesic and cytotoxic activity of Acorus calamus L., Kigelia pinnata L., Mangifera indica L. and Tabernaemontana divaricata L.

Objectives:The aim of the study was to evaluate analgesic and cytotoxic activity of Acorus calamus L., Kigelia pinnata L., Mangifera indica L., Tabernaemontana divaricata L. extracts by using acetic acid–induced writhing method in mice and brine shrimp lethality assay.Materials and Methods:The ethanolic extracts of the plants were obtained by simple maceration method and were subjected to standardization by using pharmacognostical and phytochemical screening methods, which were followed by acetic acid writhing and brine shrimp lethality test methods. Dose selection was made on the basis of acute oral toxicity study (10–1000 mg/kg body weight).Results and Conclusion:In analgesic test, M. indica L. extract produced 28.16% and 22.02% writhing protection at the doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight in mice, respectively. While the T. divaricata L. extract produced 22.02% and 33.93%, K. pinnata L. extract produced 11.55% and 47.29% and A. calamus L. extract produced 15.16% and 54.51% of writhing protection at the same doses. The percent mortality (mean ± SD) was found to be 58.7 ± 25.22, 56.25 ± 22.88, 52.50 ± 24.37, and 61.25 ± 26.66 with M. indica L., T. divaricata L., K. pinnata L., and A. calamus L., respectively. And the LC50 and LC90 values were found to be 100 and 300 μg/mL for M. indica L. and that were (200 and 350 μg/mL), (100 and 350 μg/mL) and (50 and 300 μg/mL) for T. divaricata L., K. pinnata L., and A. calamus L., respectively. Thus it can be concluded that bark of M. indica L., leaves of T. divaricata L., bark of K. pinnata L., and roots of A. calamus L. have significant analgesic and cytotoxic activity and can be preferred in the treatment of pain and tumor.

Identification of ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) from Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff) Boerl., a posssible active compound

The level of toxicity of aqueous extract from Ganoderma sp. fruiting body isolated from different plant media was determined in this experiment using Brine shrimp lethality test (BST) on Artemia salina Leach. The influence of media on the toxicity level of aqueous extract from Ganoderma sp. fruiting body was determined in this experiment. Ganoderma sp. and G. Lucidum were grown on three flamboyant, ( Delonix regia Bojer ex Hook Rafin), sengon ( Paraserianthes falcataria (L) Nielsen) and coconut( Cocos nucifera Linn.) plant media. The aqueous extracts were prepared from fruiting body using 0.02 M phosphate buffer pH 7.2. The toxicity level of these aqueous extract were then screened using the BST method. The level of the toxicity was determined by LC50. The results indicated that the aqueous extracts of Ganoderma sp. and G . lucidum isolated from flamboyant, sengon and coconut plant media were influenced by plant media. Ganoderma sp. was isolated from flamboyant plant media possesed the highest toxicity (LC50 480 g aqueous extract/ml), then followed by Ganoderma sp. isolated from sengon plant media (LC50 770 g aqueous extract /ml) and coconut (LC50 1040 g aqueous extract /ml). G. lucidum from coconut plant media possesed the highest toxicity (LC50 660 g aqueous extract /ml), followed by G. lucidum were isolated from sengon plant media (LC50 1100 g aqueous extract /ml) and flamboyant (LC50 1970 g aqueous extract /ml). It was suggested that G.lucidum having highest toxicity might produce compounds having antitumor activity. Key words: Ganoderma sp., aqueous extracts, toxicity .