Brilliant Cresyl Blue Dye Research Articles

Magnetic CoFe2O4@HAp-GQDs nanocomposites for removal of Brilliant crysel blue dye using FCCD optimization and adsorption characterization

A novel adsorbent CoFe2O4@HAp-GQDs nanocomposites were synthesized through the facile co-precipitation process and used for the removal of Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB) dye from aqueous solutions for the first time. FESEM, XRD, EDX, FT − IR, and VSM techniques were used to characterize the prepared nanocomposites. To optimize BCB removal by CoFe2O4@HAp-GQDs, a face-centered central composite design (FCCD) with three levels was utilized. The maximum removal percent (93 %) of BCB was obtained at the optimum conditions of initial dye concentration of 221 mg L−1, 0.05 g adsorbent amount, and pH 5.7. The experimental equilibrium data were examined by D-R, Langmuir, Temkin, and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption isotherm follows the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of about 139.4 mg g−1. Adsorption kinetic data were also considered using pseudo 1st order, Elovich, pseudo 2nd order, and intra-particle diffusion models. Thermodynamic results show that the BCB dye was adsorbed exothermically, and spontaneously.

Determination of thermodynamic parameters for surfactant mediated cloud point extraction of Brilliant cresyl blue dye in aqueous solutions

A surfactant-mediated cloud point extraction (CPE) method utilizing Triton X–114 (TX–114) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) has been established for the determination of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) dye in aqueous solutions at a pH of 3.4 (Citrate buffer). The effect of pH, surfactants, temperature, time and salt has been optimized for maximum recovery of BCB dye. The linear range and detection limit of BCB were found to be 0.0–19.29 μg mL–1 and 9.42 ng mL–1 respectively. The CPE method has achieved a recovery of 94.1-100.8 % in aqueous solutions. The negative values of Gibbs free energy change (ΔG0) show that CPE of BCB is feasible and spontaneous. The positive values of enthalpy change (ΔH0) show that the solubilizaton of BCB extraction is endothermic in nature. The positive values of entropy change (ΔS0) show that the dye molecules are arranged in the most orderly pattern in the micellar phase. These results indicate that thermodynamic parameters are the direct evidence of the good recoveries achieved by this CPE method.

Oxidative Decolorization of Brilliant Cresyl Blue Dye by Persulfate in the Presence of Cobalt(II) As a Catalyst in Aqueous and Micellar Media: A Kinetic Study

Oxidative Decolorization of Brilliant Cresyl Blue Dye by Persulfate in the Presence of Cobalt(II) As a Catalyst in Aqueous and Micellar Media: A Kinetic Study

Photoexcitation of brilliant cresyl blue dye in aqueous solution: TD-DFT study

The vibronic absorption spectra of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) oxazine dye in an aqueous solution using 40 hybrid functionals, the 6-31++G(d,p) basis set, and the SMD solvent model were calculated. It turned out that the X3LYP functional provided the best agreement with the experiment in the positions of the main maximum and the short-wavelength shoulder. Our calculations showed that this shoulder is vibronic and is not caused by a separate electronic transition. At the same time, the shoulder intensity in the calculated spectrum turned out to be lower than in the experimental one. Various parameters of the BCB cation in the ground and excited states (IR spectra, atomic charges, dipole moments, and transition moment) were calculated. Maps of the distribution of electron density and electrostatic potential have been built. The influence of four strong hydrogen bonds of the dye with water molecules on the absorption spectrum was analyzed. It has been shown that these bonds are strengthened upon BCB excitation. It was found that explicit assignment of water molecules strongly bound to the dye leads to a redshift of the spectrum. Photoexcitation of the dye leads to a noticeable polarization of only one of the four considered water molecules.

Flavonoid-Decorated Nano-gold for Antimicrobial Therapy Against Gram-negative Bacteria Escherichia coli.

Nano-gold (Aunps) have emerged as promising options that exhibit unique features discrete from traditional materials suited for biomedical applications. Aunps were synthesized using flavonoid quercetin (Q) as reducing agent, and resultant nanoparticles were further conjugated with the flavonoid. The resultant nano-system was expected to perform a dual role as antibacterial and as antioxidant agent. Nano-gold surface plasmon peaks were recorded at 560 nm with size around 62 nm and having slim distribution pattern. Spherical particle with smooth surface was observed under TEM and AFM studies. TEM micrographs confirmed a homogeneous particle population of size around 30 nm. Quercetin association to nano-gold was corroborated through FTIR and EDAX analysis. Antioxidant nature of nano-gold prevented rapid oxidation of brilliant cresyl blue dye, in presence of sodium hypochlorite. Antimicrobial action of QuAunp was tested against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli. Nano-gold designed produced a minimum inhibitory concentration of 7.6 μg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentration 10.5 μg/ml against E. coli. Further TEM analysis and membrane permeability studies revealed the impact of QuAunps on bacterial membrane leading to cell damage.

Removal of Hazardous Brilliant Cresyl Blue Dye Utilizing Aluminum Oxide as Photocatalyst

Photocatalytic degradation of brilliant cresyl blue stain has been done by irradiating the solution pigment with a solar light in presence of aluminum oxide. The effect of important reaction has included many parameters such as catalyst mass, the initial concentration of brilliant cresyl blue dye, the effect of temperature, and initial P has been investigated in a batch reactor. All experiments are determined by usage of UV-visible spectrophotometer analyzer. The optimal concentration of catalytic has observed at 0.17 g/100 cm3 while the typical concentration of stain was recorded at 50 mg/cm3. Photocatalytic break down of shining cresyl blue pigment was favorable in the Ph 10 and 8.44 mW/cm2 light intensity. This type of degradation of the present dye study has obeyed the pseudo-first-order reaction. Photocatalytic degradation of brilliant cresyl blue dye has studied by using various concentrations of aluminum oxide. This concentration was suspended in an aqueous solution of dye which has irradiated by solar radiation in a vessel reactor at room temperature with 10 cm3/min air bubble was passed through the solution.

Highly sensitive ethanol sensor based on TiO2 nanoparticles and its photocatalyst activity

Photo-catalytic decolorization or adsorption of an aqueous solution of 3 ppm of brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) in a suspension of 0.26 gm/100 ml of TiO2 metal oxide semiconductor as a catalyst, was achieved by using 200Watts UV lamp from an external source. The disappearance of the original colored dye concentration with irradiation time was monitored using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer. It was found that 74% of BCB dye was degraded after 120 min of irradiation time. In addition, the sensing properties of the TiO2 films were examined on behalf of numerous concentrations of ethanol in the liquid phase by a straightforward and dependable I–V procedure at normal room conditions. The sensitivity of the sensor was found to be ˜0.052 mAM−1 cm-2 for ethanol. Thus, the degradation rate and the subsequent chemical sensing properties of TiO2nanoarchitecture are of immense importance for the functions of TiO2 structure as a photo-catalyst and chemical sensor.

Efficient removal of cationic dye mixtures from water using a bio-composite adsorbent optimized with response surface methodology

Bio-composite type functional adsorbents were prepared by integrating kappa-carrageenan (KC) and copolymers of poly (N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid) (CP). The CP was synthesized free radically from its monomers N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP), acrylic acid (AA) and methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA) crosslinker comonomer in the presence of KC in water. The adsorbents were characterized and used for separation of Safranine T (ST) and brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) cationic dye mixtures from water. The synthesis and process parameters for adsorption were optimized with central composite design (CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM). Accordingly, the CPKC bio-composite adsorbent with optimized composition of 2.5 wt% of KC, 1.5 wt% of MBA and NVP: AA molar ratio of 1.3:1 showed a high adsorption capacity of 362.5 mg/g for ST and 398 mg/g of BCB dye for a binary mixture containing 100 mg/L each of the dye in a solution pH of 7 and adsorbent dose of 0.25 g/L.

Maturação nuclear in vitro de ovócitos bovinos selecionados pelo método azul cresil brilhante

Objetivou-se investigar a competência in vitro da maturação nuclear de ovócitos selecionados pela técnica do corante Azul Cresil Brilhante (ACB), após manutenção em meio Talp-Hepes. Complexos cumulus ovócito (CCOs) foram obtidos de ovários de matadouro e distribuídos aleatoriamente em 6 tratamentos. Quanto percentual de ovócitos que apresentaram configuração nuclear de MI (Metáfise I) ao término da MIV, notou-se que T3 e T5 apresentaram-se superiores ao T1, T2 e T4 (p<0,05). Quanto à capacidade dos ovócitos de completarem a MIV, expresso pela competência em atingirem MII (Metáfise II), observou-se que os tratamentos T1, T2, T4 apresentaram maior percentual em MII que T3 e T5 (p<0,05). Dos ovócitos submetidos a MIV, T1 apresentou menor percentual de degenerados que T2, T3, T4, T5 (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que a capacidade de coloração de ovócitos por ACB não alterou após manutenção dos CCOs por 5 horas em Talp-Hepes e que o corante ACB mostrou-se eficaz na seleção de ovócitos mais competentes após manutenção de CCOs por 5h em Talp-Hepes.

Removal of brilliant cresyl blue from aqueous solutions using modified zirconia nanoparticles as an adsorbent under ultrasonic action

Zirconia nanoparticles were modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) under ultrasonic action and used as a new adsorbent for the removal of brilliant cresyl blue dye from aqueous solutions. The effect of different parameters such as pH, salt concentration, and amount of adsorbent on the removal procedure was studied and optimum conditions were established. The adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms and the equilibrium adsorption was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic studies indicated that the experimental data were fitted well by the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 34.4 mg g−1 of adsorbent for brilliant cresyl blue. The removal procedure was applied to the removal of brilliant cresyl blue form water samples.

Removal of safranine T and brilliant cresyl blue dyes from water by carboxy methyl cellulose incorporated acrylic hydrogels: Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamic study

Polymer hydrogels having numerous functional groups can efficiently remove the low concentration of an industrial dye from water. This kind of functional adsorbent can be prepared by integrating a low cost polymer obtained from a naturally occurring polysaccharide such as sodium carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) with a synthetic polymer like acrylic polymers. In the present work acrylic acid (AA)/N'N, methylene bis acrylamide(MBA), sodium acrylate/MBA and comonomers AA /hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate (HEMA)/MBA were free radical polymerized in an aqueous solution of CMC to produce several composite hydrogels. The swelling and dye adsorption properties of the hydrogels increased with an increase in the wt% of CMC. The hydrogels prepared with sodium polyacrylate and 6 wt% of CMC showed the highest swelling in water and also the highest adsorption (mg/g gel)/removal% of 9.45/94.5 and 9.89/98.9,respectively for 10 mg/L of Safranine T and brilliant cresyl blue dye, respectively, from water.

Synthesis, characterization, swelling and dye adsorption properties of starch incorporated acrylic gels

Several hydrogels were prepared by a free radical polymerization of acrylic acid (AA), sodium acrylate (SA) and AA/hydroxy ethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in the presence of starch in water. These starch incorporated acrylic gels were prepared by varying the concentration of the initiator, monomer, crosslinker and the starch. The resulting gels were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD, DTA-TGA, pH at point zero charge (PZC), swelling and the diffusion in water. The gels showed high adsorption and removal% of Safranine T (ST) and Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB) dyes from water. The swelling and the adsorption data were fitted to different kinetic models and isotherms. Amongst the three kinds of gels, the starch incorporated sodium polyacrylate gel showed the highest adsorption of 9.7–85.3mg/L (97–61% removal) of BCB dye and 9.1–83mg/L (91–60% removal) of ST dye for a feed dye concentration of 10–140mg/L.

Study on Processing Technology of Brewer's Grains on Acid Dye Brilliant Cresyl Blue Wastewater

Orthogonal experiment optimization of adsorption conditions with the factors of pH value, adsorption time, adsorbent amount of brilliant cresyl blue wastewater by brewer's grains were studied. The results showed that optimum adsorption conditions were as follows: 100 mL brilliant cresyl blue dye solution of 150 mg·L-1,adding 5.0 g·L-1brewer's grains of 60~80 mesh and adsorbed for 2.0 h,extraction temperature 30°C,pH 5.0. Under the optimal conditions, the maximal absorption rate got 95.12%.The brewer's grains is a promising, cheap, efficient, new biological materials of adsorption for brilliant cresyl blue in wastewater.

Brilliant Cresyl Blue – Fructose for enhancement of solar energy conversion and storage capacity of photogalvanic solar cells

The Brilliant Cresyl Blue dye as photosensitizer, Fructose as reductant and NaOH as alkaline medium have been studied for enhancing the solar energy conversion and storage capacity of the photogalvanic solar cells. In this study, the observed values of electrical parameters like maximum potential, maximum photocurrent, short-circuit current, power at power point, and conversion efficiency are 1115mV, 785μA, 590μA, 183.3μW, and 1.9586%, respectively. In dark, the cell performance in terms of storage capacity (as half change time) was 228min. The obtained results are highly encouraging as they are radically higher than results reported so far in the field of photogalvanics. We conclude that Brilliant Cresyl Blue – Fructose system significantly enhances the performance of the photogalvanic solar cells and this system may be the basis for further advancement of this technology.

205 GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENAZE ACTIVITY IN OVINE OOCYTES IS ASSOCIATED WITH PRE-IMPLANTATION EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO

A large proportion of ovine oocytes fail to develop into viable embryos following maturation, fertilization, and culture in vitro. Accurate, fast, and noninvasive predictors of ovine oocyte quality are therefore in urgent need for oocyte selection before in vitro maturation (IVM). Recent studies have shown that oocyte competence can be predicted through the presence of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme, as indicated by brilliant cresyl blue (BCB), a dye that can be degraded by G6PD. Thus, oocytes that have completed their growth phase show decreased G6PD activity and exhibit cytoplasm with a blue colouration (BCB+), whereas growing oocytes are expected to have a high level of G6PD, which results in colourless cytoplasm (BCB–). The brilliant cresyl blue staining test, as a noninvasive intrinsic criterion, has been successfully used to identify the more competent oocytes in various species. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether BCB staining, as an indicator of G6PD activity, can be used to select developmentally competent ovine oocytes before IVM and thereby increase the efficiency of in vitro embryo production. Ovine ovaries were obtained from a local slaughterhouse and transported to the laboratory, where cumulus–oocyte complexes (COC) were recovered by slicing the ovaries. Only oocytes with one or more complete layers of unexpanded cumulus cells and a homogeneous cytoplasm were used. The COC were exposed to 26 mM BCB diluted in modified Dulbecco’s PBS for 90 min at 39°C in humidified air. After BCB exposure, the COC were examined under a stereomicroscope and divided into 2 groups: BCB+ (blue cytoplasm, low G6PD activity) and BCB– (colourless cytoplasm, high G6PD activity). Cumulus–oocyte complexes in the control group were incubated for IVM directly after selection, without exposure to BCB dye. After IVM, oocytes were subjected to IVF followed by embryo culture for 7 days (5% CO2, 39°C, humidified air). Results were analysed by a chi-square test, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The proportion of oocytes that cleaved by Day 2 after insemination was significantly (P < 0.05) higher for the control and BCB+ groups [67.3% (68/101) and 71.7% (81/113), respectively] than for the BCB– group [50.5% (46/91)]. Significant differences among groups were also observed on Day 7 after fertilization, when the embryos reached the blastocyst stage of development. The BCB+ group yielded a significantly (P < 0.05) higher proportion of blastocysts [34.5% (39/113)] than both the control [20.8% (21/101)] and BCB– [4.3% (4/93)] groups. In addition, the blastocyst rate of development in the control group was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that for the BCB– group. In conclusion, results of this study show that selection of ovine oocytes based on G6PD activity through the BCB test can be used as an efficient predictor of in vitro embryonic developmental competence. This positive predictive parameter of oocyte quality may also be useful in increasing the efficiency of blastocyst production during in vitro embryo production procedures in the ovine.

Developmental competence and expression of the MATER and ZAR1 genes in immature bovine oocytes selected by brilliant cresyl blue

The objective of this work was to evaluate the selection of immature bovine oocytes by brilliant cresyl blue dye (BCB) and expression of transcripts MATER and ZAR1. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from slaughterhouse ovaries were exposed to BCB diluted in mDPBS and incubated for 60 min at 38.5 degrees C in humidified air. After exposure those COCs were distributed in two groups, according to their cytoplasm colour: BCB+ (coloured cytoplasm) or BCB- (colourless cytoplasm). The control group was submitted to in vitro maturation (IVM) immediately after morphological selection and holding control group COCs were exposed to mDPBS without BCB but in the same incubation conditions of BCB+ and BCB- group. The COCs of all groups were submitted to IVM, in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC). Cleavage rate (72 h post-insemination) was similar between control (65.3%) and BCB+ (64.4%) groups, but greater than (p < 0.05) holding control (49.8%) and BCB- (51.3%) groups. Blastocyst rate (192 h post-insemination) was not different between BCB+ (18.5%) and control (16.3%) groups, but greater (p < 0.05) than BCB- (8.4%) group. No difference was found for blastocyst rate between holding control group (14.2%), control and BCB+ groups. The relative expression of MATER and ZAR1 genes was evaluated by real-time PCR in immature oocytes collected from the control, holding control, BCB+ and BCB- groups. Despite the relative expression of MATER in holding control, BCB+ and BCB- were down regulated in comparison to control group there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) in the relative expression of MATER and ZAR1 transcripts among groups. The results indicate that the BCB dye detects immature oocyte populations with different developmental competence, although no improvement in in vitro embryo production using oocytes exposed or not to BCB was observed. Development competence of immature oocytes exposed to BCB does not seem to be associated with variations in the expression of MATER and ZAR1 transcripts.

Dye removal by a novel hydrogel‐clay nanocomposite with enhanced swelling properties

AbstractAcrylamide (AAm)‐2‐acrylamide‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid sodium salt (AMPSNa) hydrogel and AAm‐AMPSNa/clay hydrogel nanocomposite having 10 w% clay was prepared by in situ copolymerization in aqueous solution in the presence of a crosslinking agent (N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA)). Swelling properties and kinetics of the hydrogel samples were investigated in water and aqueous solutions of the Safranine‐T (ST) and Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB) dyes. The swelling and diffusion parameters were also calculated in water and dye solutions. It was observed that the AAm‐AMPSNa/clay hydrogel nanocomposite exhibits improved swelling capacity compared with the AAm‐AMPSNa hydrogel. It was also found that the diffusion mechanisms show non‐Fickian character. Adsorption properties of the hydrogel samples in the aqueous solution of ST and BCB dyes were also investigated. Clay incorporation into the hydrogel structure increased not only the adsorption capacity but also the adsorption rate. Adsorption capacity values of the hydrogel nanocomposite were found to be 484.2 and 494.2 mg g−1 for the ST and BCB dyes, respectively. It was seen that the adsorption of dyes by the hydrogel nanocomposite completed in 10 min while the AAm‐AMPSNa hydrogel adsorbed dyes approximately in 90 min. Adsorption data of the samples were modelled by the pseudo‐first‐order and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic equations in order to investigate dye adsorption mechanism. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of hydrogel nanocomposite followed a pseudo‐second‐order model. Equilibrium isotherms were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. It was seen that the Langmuir model fits the adsorption data better than the Freundlich model. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

Spectroscopic Studies of Brilliant Cresyl Blue/Water-Soluble Sulfonated Calix[4]Arene Complex

Water-soluble sulfonated calix[4]arene (SCX4) was used as the host molecule for the guest dye(probe), Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB), which is commonly employed for studies of various biological systems. Absorption and fluorescence techniques were employed for the analysis of this system. The formation of a complex between the BCB dye and SCX4 results in a decrease in the BCB fluorescence intensity. A study of the changes in absorption and of temperature effects on the fluorescence of BCB/SCX4 was conducted. The binding constant for BCB/SCX4 at room temperature was estimated to be 8.49 × 103 M−1.