Bright Sunny Days Research Articles

Diel activity of the adult Argentine stem weevil

Abstract Feeding intensity of adult Listronotus bonariensis (Kuschel) in the laboratory increased linearly with temperature, between approximate lower and upper thresholds of 5°C and 42°C. Diel fluctuations in abundance, as indicated by sweep netting, was used as a measure of field activity. During summer, activity was mainly nocturnal, with a peak after sunset, but some activity occurred during overcast and bright sunny days. Summer weevil activity during darkness was related to temperature. In winter, activity occurred predominantly during daylight. Day and night activity was related to temperature; on many winter nights the temperature was below the lower threshold for activity.

Studies on pollen allergy in Delhi. Diurnal periodicity of common allergenic pollen.

The volumetric sampling of the air has been carried out with the Suction Impaction Sampler devised by Tilak & Kulkarni (1970). The pollen counts have been expressed as number per cubic metre volume of the air. Based on the percentage of pollen peaks, diurnal patterns of the total count of all the types, and six dominant allergens have been determined. For these allergens, daily fluctuations have also been recorded. The influence of meteorological factors such as temperature, wind, rainfall, relative humidity and sunshine hours/day on the variation patterns in the concentration of atmospheric pollen has been discussed. It has been shown that 25-30 degrees C temperature, 5-15 km/h wind speed, 60-70% RH, bright sunny and rain-free days are favourable for high pollen catch. These weather conditions might be conducive for the high discharge, dispersal, and deposition of air-borne pollen. Too low or too high temperature, very high wind speed, high humidity, and cloudy and rainy days hinder high pollen catch.

Gimmicks in the Biology Classroom

Research Article| April 01 1970 Gimmicks in the Biology Classroom Richard J. Medve Richard J. Medve Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar The American Biology Teacher (1970) 32 (4): 237–240. https://doi.org/10.2307/4443025 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Richard J. Medve; Gimmicks in the Biology Classroom. The American Biology Teacher 1 April 1970; 32 (4): 237–240. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/4443025 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentThe American Biology Teacher Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1970 The National Association of Biology Teachers Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Evaporation Rates of Capillary-Watered Tomatoes in an East-West Glasshouse

SummaryCapillary-watered beds 71 ft. long, 25 in. wide and 7 in. deep were installed at six positions across the width of the west half of a tenth-acre, east-west orientated, vinery glasshouse in order to measure the spatial variation in the daily evaporation rates of a tomato crop. Each bed was equipped with a separately metered water supply so that, assuming there was no drainage or leakage, a daily change in meter reading represented the loss by evaporation.From planting out in early March until mid-April there was little variation in daily evaporation rates across the width of the house. The variation increased as the crop grew in height and was greatest on bright sunny days and least on dull cloudy days. Maximum variation was registered on a bright sunny day in early May when the southernmost bed lost 23% more, and the northern beds from 5 to 11% less, than the mean daily evaporation rate.The extent of the variation in space and time emphasized the difficulty of determining when and how much water to apply to surface-irrigated crops and the advantage of capillary watering in supplying each plant with its precise requirement.

Nematospora coryli . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria

Abstract A description is provided for Nematospora coryli . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On seeds of Gossypium hirsutum . Also on Anacardium occidentale, Citrus spp., Coffea spp., Corylus avellana, Crotalaria juncea, C. striata, Cajanus cajan, Dolichos lablab, Phaseolus atropurpureus, P. acutifolius, P. lunatus, P. vulgaris, Tephrosia wegelii and Vigna sinensis [Vigna unguiculata] (5: 390; Leach, 1940; Pearson & Maxwell Darling, 1958). DISEASE: Yeast spot of bean and a large number of other seeds, Internal Boll Rot or Cotton staining or Stigmatomycosis. Cotton lint becomes dirty yellow and seeds are shrivelled. Spots mostly on the fruit and other fleshy parts or on the seed. On Lima bean cotyledons the lesions are a dark brown, sunken, wrinkled areas. After infection, beans cease developing and later become dwarfed or die. The earlier the attack, the more injury the bean sustains (Chupp & Sherf, 1960). Infection occurs only when the fruits are young and the atmosphere humid. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Mostly in Africa and Asia but has been reported from U.S.A. and Europe (4: 90; 26: 93; CMI Map 163, ed. 3, 1959). TRANSMISSION: Mechanically transmitted from plant to plant by pentatomid bugs of the genera Antestiopsis, Nezara and Dysdercus nigrofasciatus . The yeast always enters through insect punctures (5: 390; 14: 507; 23: 207). Its dissemination is favoured by bright sunny days which facilitate the movement of the carrier from one plant to another (Chupp & Sherf, 1960).

海洋植物プランクトンの光合成特性とその生態学的意義

Photosynthetic characteristics of marine phytoplankton were investigated in the cruises of the northwestern Pacific near Japan, and their ecological meaning in the chlorophyll method of estimating the oceanic primary production was discussed.1. The differentiation of photosynthetic pattern of phytoplankton into sun and shade types was recognized in the Kuroshio area as well as in the Oyashio area, but not in the mixed water region.2. Maximal photosynthetic rate of phytoplankton in the Oyashio area was about 3 to 5times greater than that in the Kuroshio area. In the mixed water region, the value was intermediate between these two. The absolute maximal photosynthetic rate is ecologically the most important in estimating the primary production.3. Light inhibition in photosynthesis was clearly observed for the surface sample from the Oyashio area and for the subsurface samples both in the Oyashio and in the Kuroshio where, however, a slight inhibition was observed in the surface sample. Only on a bright sunny day, the light inhibition in photosynthesis must be taken into account in the chlorophyll method.4. Temperature effect on photosynthesis could be ignored in the chlorophyll method so long as we deal with deeper waters under weakened illumination.5. The oceanic primary production can be estimated from the light-photosyn-thesis curve, the chlorophyll content in waters, and the light data. The light-photosynthesis curve should be representative to each water mass, and it might be accurate enough to calculate the primary production over a fairly vast area, because the photosynthetic rate and pattern showed no marked geographical differentiation within a water mass.

Conference in Chicago

As our plane roared away from Los Angeles, circled over the Pacific and turned inland over the mountains, I began to wonder in what respects the Midwinter Meeting of the American Library Association might differ from our British conferences. It was a bright sunny day at the end of January this year and the desert stretched endlessly beneath us. My speculations were eventually interrupted by the sight of the Grand Canyon with its immense candelabra of pink and grey rock rising out of the great rift in the earth's surface and I thought of other things as we went on over the vast agricultural plains of the Mid‐West. It was dark before we reached Chicago, and as we stepped from the plane the bitter cold made our ears tingle and made me regret the hat I had forgotten to bring.

Integration of Sunlight in the Tropics

A PHOTO-ELECTROLYTIC method of integrating sunlight has been described by Atkins and Poole (Proc. Roy. Dub. Soc., vol. 19, p. 159). The electric current in a photo-electric cell is proportional to the light falling on it, and the latter can be integrated over any period of time, by measuring electrolytically the total quantity of electricity that passes through a sensitive voltameter in series with the cell. In Dublin, where this method of sunlight integration has been carried out, the average illumination for a bright sunny day in November was estimated as 10,000 metre candles for ten hours.

Experimental researches on vegetable assimilation and respira­tion. VI.—Some experiments on assimilation in the open air

In investigating assimilation under natural conditions, gasometric methods, which involve enclosing leaves, are unsuitable. The only method which is free from this objection is the half-leaf dry-weight method introduced by Sachs. Unfortunately, owing to the overlooking of certain grave errors to which this method is liable, most of the earlier work is of uncertain value. Having, however, made a full investigation into the sources and magnitude of these errors, an account of which was published in an earlier paper, I have been able, after introducing appropriate modifications, to use the method with precision, and to obtain results whose degree of approximation to the truth can be justly gauged. The vexed question of the highest rate of assimilation possible to detached leaves of Helianthus annuus in the open air first claimed attention. Measurements of the gain of dry weight by these leaves on bright sunny days (described in Section II) have clearly proved that Sachs’ original value was not excessive, and suggest some of the conditions which must be fulfilled if such assimilation is to be possible.

About Fishes' Heads

About Fishes' Heads

Colour of the Sky

WITH reference to Mr. Brett's observations on the colour of sea and sky, I have one or two remarks to offer which I think may be of interest. Smokers have all noticed that the smoke from the end of a pipe or eigar is bluer than that which they puff from the mouth, and many may have wondered, as I did for a long time, what the reason of this could be. The contrast may be well seen on a bright sunny day. This is, in fact, the simplest form of the experiment of the condensation of vapours causing them to pass through a fine blue to a white condition, which Professor Tyndall exhibited about two years ago, and which he employed to explain the blue colour of the sky, and the remarkable polarisation of its light. The finer state of division in the freshly-formed smoke gives it its bright blue colour, as does the finely divided aqueous vapour give to the blue sky; the smoke which has passed through the pipe-stem and mouth has become more condensed, and consequently gives a whiter cloud.