Briefings In Bioinformatics Research Articles

Richard Bellman on the Birth of Dynamic Programming

W follows concerns events from the summer of 1949, when Richard Bellman first became interested in multistage decision problems, until 1955. Although Bellman died on March 19, 1984, the story will be told in his own words since he left behind an entertaining and informative autobiography, Eye of the Hurricane (World Scientific Publishing Company, Singapore, 1984), whose publisher has generously approved extensive excerpting. During the summer of 1949 Bellman, a tenured associate professor of mathematics at Stanford University with a developing interest in analytic number theory, was consulting for the second summer at the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica. He had received his Ph.D. from Princeton in 1946 at the age of 25, despite various war-related activities during World War II—including being assigned by the Army to the Manhattan Project in Los Alamos. He had already exhibited outstanding ability both in pure mathematics and in solving applied problems arising from the physical world. Assured of a successful conventional academic career, Bellman, during the period under consideration, cast his lot instead with the kind of applied mathematics later to be known as operations research. In those days applied practitioners were regarded as distinctly second-class citizens of the mathematical fraternity. Always one to enjoy controversy, when invited to speak at various university mathematics department seminars, Bellman delighted in justifying his choice of applied over pure mathematics as being motivated by the real world’s greater challenges and mathematical demands. Following are excerpts, taken chronologically from Richard Bellman’s autobiography. The page numbers are given after each. The excerpt section titles are mine. These excerpts are far more serious than most of the book, which is full of entertaining anecdotes and outrageous behaviors by an exceptionally human being.

When software isn't for sharing

When software isn't for sharing

BioCarta

BioCarta

Approximation in Variation of the Distribution of a Sum of Independent Bernoulli Variables with a Poisson Law

Previous article Next article Approximation in Variation of the Distribution of a Sum of Independent Bernoulli Variables with a Poisson LawE. L. PresmanE. L. Presmanhttps://doi.org/10.1137/1130051PDFBibTexSections ToolsAdd to favoritesExport CitationTrack CitationsEmail SectionsAbout[1] Lucien Le Cam, An approximation theorem for the Poisson binomial distribution, Pacific J. Math., 10 (1960), 1181–1197 25:5567 0118.33601 CrossrefGoogle Scholar[2] S. Ya. Shorgin, Approximation of a generalized binomial distribution, Theory Prob. Appl., 22 (1977), 846–850 0392.60021 LinkGoogle Scholar[3] Yu. V. Prokhorov, The asymptotic behavior of a binomial distribution, Uspekhi Matem. Nauk., 8 (1956), 135–142, (In Russian.) Google Scholar[4] I. A. Ibragimov and , Yu. V. Linnik, Independent and stationary sequences of random variables, Wolters-Noordhoff Publishing, Groningen, 1971, 443– 48:1287 0219.60027 Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresRelatedReferencesCited byDetails Asymptotics for the sum of three state Markov dependent random variables19 November 2018 | Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications, Vol. 19 Cross Ref Poisson approximationProbability Surveys, Vol. 16, No. none Cross Ref Toward the History of the Saint Petersburg School of Probability and Statistics. I. Limit Theorems for Sums of Independent Random Variables16 June 2018 | Vestnik St. Petersburg University, Mathematics, Vol. 51, No. 2 Cross Ref A study of bias and increasing organismal complexity from their post-translational modifications and reaction site interplays13 January 2016 | Briefings in Bioinformatics, Vol. 18, No. 1 Cross Ref Definitions and Preliminary Facts17 June 2016 Cross Ref Heinrich’s Method for m-Dependent Variables17 June 2016 Cross Ref Other Methods17 June 2016 Cross Ref The Method of Convolutions17 June 2016 Cross Ref Local Lattice Estimates17 June 2016 Cross Ref Uniform Lattice Estimates17 June 2016 Cross Ref Total Variation of Lattice Measures17 June 2016 Cross Ref A Compound Poisson Convergence Theorem for Sums of $$m$$ m -Dependent Variables31 January 2014 | Journal of Theoretical Probability, Vol. 28, No. 3 Cross Ref Two limit theorems for Markov binomial distribution7 August 2015 | Lithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 55, No. 3 Cross Ref Compound Poisson approximation to weighted sums of symmetric discrete variables23 January 2014 | Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Vol. 67, No. 1 Cross Ref Smoothing effect of compound Poisson approximations to the distributions of weighted sums11 March 2014 | Lithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 54, No. 1 Cross Ref Compound poisson approximations for sums of 1-dependent random variables. II15 March 2011 | Lithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 51, No. 1 Cross Ref Compound Poisson approximations for sums of 1-dependent random variables. I26 August 2010 | Lithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 50, No. 3 Cross Ref An expansion in the exponent for compound binomial approximationsLithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 46, No. 1 Cross Ref Lower-Bound Estimates for Poisson-Type ApproximationsLithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 45, No. 4 Cross Ref Rate of Convergence to Poisson Law in Terms of Information DivergenceIEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 50, No. 9 Cross Ref Binomial and Poisson distributions as maximum entropy distributionsIEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. 47, No. 5 Cross Ref On Compound Poisson Approximations Under Moment RestrictionsV. Cekanavicius25 July 2006 | Theory of Probability & Its Applications, Vol. 44, No. 1AbstractPDF (147 KB)Signed Poisson approximations for Markov chainsStochastic Processes and their Applications, Vol. 82, No. 2 Cross Ref Metric Multivariate Poisson Approximation of the Generalized Multinomial DistributionB. Roos25 July 2006 | Theory of Probability & Its Applications, Vol. 43, No. 2AbstractPDF (357 KB)On a centered Poisson approximationLithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 38, No. 4 Cross Ref Poisson approximations for sequences of random variablesStatistics & Probability Letters, Vol. 39, No. 2 Cross Ref Asymptotic expansions for compound Poisson measuresLithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 37, No. 4 Cross Ref Approximation of the generalized Poisson binomial distribution: Asymptotic expansionsLithuanian Mathematical Journal, Vol. 37, No. 1 Cross Ref Convergence of Probability Measures. Central Limit Theorem Cross Ref Le Cam's Inequality and Poisson Approximations18 April 2018 | The American Mathematical Monthly, Vol. 101, No. 1 Cross Ref Volume 30, Issue 2| 1986Theory of Probability & Its Applications History Published online:17 July 2006 InformationCopyright © 1986 Society for Industrial and Applied MathematicsPDF Download Article & Publication DataArticle DOI:10.1137/1130051Article page range:pp. 417-422ISSN (print):0040-585XISSN (online):1095-7219Publisher:Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics

Sufficient Conditions for Multiple Niche Polymorphism

Sufficient Conditions for Multiple Niche Polymorphism

Application of analogue computer to measurement of intestinal absorption rates with tracers.

SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONSApplication of analogue computer to measurement of intestinal absorption rates with tracersM. Silverman, and A. S. V. BurgenM. Silverman, and A. S. V. BurgenPublished Online:01 Sep 1961https://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1961.16.5.911MoreSectionsPDF (563 KB)Download PDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesGet permissionsTrack citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInWeChat Previous Back to Top Next Download PDF FiguresReferencesRelatedInformation Cited ByIn silico clinical trials: concepts and early adoptions2 June 2018 | Briefings in Bioinformatics, Vol. 20, No. 5Handling of computational in vitro/in vivo correlation problems by Microsoft Excel: III. Convolution and deconvolutionEuropean Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Vol. 56, No. 3An unusual neurological disorder of copper metabolism clinically resembling Wilson's disease but biochemically a distinct entityJournal of the Neurological Sciences, Vol. 39, No. 1Effect of various drugs on the intestinal absorption of para-amino-hippurate in rabbitsEuropean Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 6, No. 2Simulation studies of blood-glucose regulation: Effect of intestinal glucose absorptionComputers and Biomedical Research, Vol. 2, No. 1Trends in the Development and Applications of Analog Simulations in Biomedical Systems18 August 2016 | SIMULATION, Vol. 2, No. 4Computer Simulation of the Hydrodynamics of the Cardiovascular System19 August 2016 | SIMULATION, Vol. 2, No. 3 More from this issue > Volume 16Issue 5September 1961Pages 911-913 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1961 the American Physiological Societyhttps://doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1961.16.5.911PubMed13912940History Published online 1 September 1961 Published in print 1 September 1961 Metrics

On Heterophylly in Water Plants

Previous articleNext article FreeShorter Articles and DiscussionOn Heterophylly in Water PlantsAgnes ArberAgnes Arber Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The American Naturalist Volume 53, Number 626May - Jun., 1919 Published for The American Society of Naturalists Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/279712 Views: 167Total views on this site Citations: 16Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Shaoning Wang, Pengpeng Li, Zuying Liao, Wanwan Wang, Tao Chen, Liyan Yin, Hong Sheng Jiang, Wei Li Adaptation of inorganic carbon utilization strategies in submerged and floating leaves of heteroblastic plant Ottelia cordata, Environmental and Experimental Botany 196 (Apr 2022): 104818.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2022.104818Eri Soga, Jiro Sugisaka, Mikio Watanabe, Hiroshi Kudoh Population differentiation in the leaf shape and growth form of Cardamine scutata Thunb. in tidal and non‐tidal habitats, Plant Species Biology 36, no.33 (Mar 2021): 399–411.https://doi.org/10.1111/1442-1984.12325Gaojie Li, Shiqi Hu, Hongwei Hou, Seisuke Kimura Heterophylly: Phenotypic Plasticity of Leaf Shape in Aquatic and Amphibious Plants, Plants 8, no.1010 (Oct 2019): 420.https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8100420Lidan Sun, Jing Wang, Xuli Zhu, Libo Jiang, Kirk Gosik, Mengmeng Sang, Fengsuo Sun, Tangren Cheng, Qixiang Zhang, Rongling Wu HpQTL: a geometric morphometric platform to compute the genetic architecture of heterophylly, Briefings in Bioinformatics 19, no.44 (Feb 2017): 603–612.https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx011Gerhard Zotz, Kerstin Wilhelm, Annette Becker Heteroblasty—A Review, The Botanical Review 77, no.22 (Feb 2011): 109–151.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-010-9062-8Pamela K. Diggle A developmental morphologist's perspective on plasticity, Evolutionary Ecology 16, no.33 (May 2002): 267–283.https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019680527788Carolyn L. Wells, Massimo Pigliucci Adaptive phenotypic plasticity: the case of heterophylly in aquatic plants, Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 3, no.11 (Jan 2000): 1–18.https://doi.org/10.1078/1433-8319-00001N. M. HOLBROOK, F. E. Putz From epiphyte to tree: differences in leaf structure and leaf water relations associated with the transition in growth form in eight species of hemiepiphytes, Plant, Cell and Environment 19, no.66 (Jun 1996): 631–642.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1996.tb00398.xThomas S. Ray CYCLIC HETEROPHYLLY IN SYNGONIUM (ARACEAE), American Journal of Botany 74, no.11 (Jan 1987): 16–26.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1987.tb08575.xPaula A. Deschamp, Todd J. Cooke Leaf Dimorphism in Aquatic Angiosperms: Significance of Turgor Pressure and Cell Expansion, Science 219, no.45844584 (Feb 1983): 505–507.https://doi.org/10.1126/science.219.4584.505Joseph B. Kaskey, Donald R. Tindall Physiological aspects of growth and heteroblastic development of Nasturtium officinale under natural conditions, Aquatic Botany 7 (Jan 1979): 209–229.https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(79)90023-8C. D. K. COOK ON THE DETERMINATION OF LEAF FORM IN RANUNCULUS AQUATILIS, New Phytologist 68, no.22 (Apr 1969): 469–480.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.1969.tb06457.xMARGARET Y. STANT Anatomy of the Butomaceae, Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Botany 60, no.381381 (Jun 2008): 31–60.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1967.tb00078.xA.D. Bradshaw Evolutionary Significance of Phenotypic Plasticity in Plants, (Jan 1965): 115–155.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2660(08)60048-6Wayne H. England, Robert J. Tolbert A SEASONAL STUDY OF THE VEGETATIVE SHOOT APEX OF MYRIOPHYLLUM HETEROPHYLLUM, American Journal of Botany 51, no.44 (Apr 1964): 349–353.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1964.tb06642.xHiram F. Thut THE MOVEMENT OF WATER THROUGH SOME SUBMERGED PLANTS, American Journal of Botany 19, no.88 (Oct 1932): 693–709.https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1932.tb08853.x