With the continuous development of railway bridge construction, the application of new technology, new technology and new materials is becoming more and more extensive, which puts forward higher requirements for the design and construction of formwork. This article takes railway bridge templates as the research object, and focuses on the technical difficulties in the design and construction of prefabricated and assembled bridge templates for segments. Combined with the currently under construction Zhengzhou to Xuchang railway elevated bridge project, the short line method is used for construction, and the types of railway bridge templates, design and construction techniques of templates are introduced. Combining engineering examples to illustrate the characteristics of template design and construction, this provides a reference for the design and construction of similar bridge templates in the future.