Breastfeeding Problems Research Articles

PENGARUH PIJAT OKSITOSIN TERHADAP PRODUKSI AIR SUSU IBU DI RSUD Dr. M. HAULUSSY DAN RS TINGKAT II Prof. J.A. LATUMETEN AMBON

The problem of early breastfeeding has a negative impact on the baby’s life. The decrease in breast milk production in the first day after giving birth can be caused by a lack of stimulation of the hormones prolactin and oxytocin which play a very important role in the smooth production of breast milk. Efforts to stimulate the hormones prolactin and oxytocin in the mother after giving birth other than expressing breast milk can be done by doing breast care or massage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxytocin massage on breast milk production in Dr. M. Haulussy Hospital and Prof. J. A. Latumeten Hospital Level II Ambon. This research is expected to increase understanding and community participation in providing oxytocin massage to postpartum mothers and become input for other hospitals in providing oxytocin massage. The type of research used is a quasi experimental design. The sample was the first day postpartum women who were treated at Dr. M. Haulussy Hospital Ambon and Level II Hospital Prof. J.A. Latumeten Ambon on 29 September – 30 November 2018. Processing and analysis using the Mann Whitney test. The results showed that the production of breast milk in postpartum mothers after being given oxytocin massage intervention all (100%) had good breast milk production and the results of statistical tests using the Wilcoxon test obtained a P-value = 0.000 (p-value <0.05), meaning that there was an effect of oxytocin massage. on the milk production of postpartum mothers.

Maternal perception of paternal breastfeeding support: A secondary qualitative analysis

ObjectiveTo describe how women perceive paternal support of breastfeeding and identify actions women value during the early breastfeeding postpartum. DesignA qualitative secondary analysis of semi-structured interviews using thematic analysis collected after birth and via telephone at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after discharge. SettingA regional medical center in the southeast region of the United States. ParticipantsSixty-two women yielded 130 transcripts with 32 transcripts conducted after birth, and 19, 16, 27, and 36 transcripts conducted after discharge via telephone at weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. FindingWomen reported three themes of paternal support of breastfeeding (1) participating in the breastfeeding decision, (2) being a partner of breastfeeding, and (3) caring for breastfeeding mothers. Conclusion and implication for practicePaternal support of breastfeeding is a learning process that requires teamwork for women and their partners to master breastfeeding. Women and their partners as co-parents solve breastfeeding problems and achieve their breastfeeding goals, which promotes maternal well-being and bonding with their infants. Future interventions will guide partners to support breastfeeding and women's postpartum physical and psychological needs.

Pengaruh Terapi Pijat Oksitosin Terhadap Pengeluaran Asi Pada Ibu Post Partum Di Ruang Post Maternal Partum (PMP) Puskesmas Bumiayu Kabupaten Brebes 2021

The puerperal period is also called the post partum or puerperium period, which is the time between the birth of the baby and the placenta leaving the uterus until the return of the reproductive organs to a normal state as before childbirth. The puerperium lasts six weeks. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of oxytocin massage on breastfeeding in post partum mothers in the post maternal partum (PMP) room at Bumiayu Health Center, Brebes Regency 2021. The research method used is pre-experiment (experimental activity that aims to determine an effect that arises as a result of certain treatments) using one-group pretest-post test design, namely an experimental design that uses one group of subjects and takes measurements before and after treatment. on the subject. This design is to determine the effects before and after treatment. The analysis in this study used the t-test. From the results of statistical testing using the T-test, the significance value was 0.000 (p <0.05). So it can be concluded statistically Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, meaning that it can be concluded that there is an effect of oxytocin massage therapy on breastfeeding in post partum mothers at Bumiayu Health Center. In connection with the results of this study, it is hoped that post partum mothers with the help of their husbands or families at home can inform the surrounding community so that they can increase their knowledge and insight to apply oxytocin massage as a solution to overcome the problem of unsanitary breastfeeding.

Breastfeeding Practices and Problems Among Obese Women Compared with Nonobese Women in a Brazilian Hospital.

Background: Women who are obese have lower rates of breastfeeding initiation and duration and are less likely to breastfeed exclusively compared with women who are not obese. To develop programs to improve breastfeeding practices among this group of women, we investigated the association between maternal obesity and breastfeeding practices and problems in the first days postpartum.Methods: We analyzed medical records from postpartum women at a rooming-in maternity ward in State of São Paulo, Brazil, between 2016 and 2018. We included those who had intended to exclusively breastfeed, had given birth to a singleton and were admitted to rooming-in. We analyzed exclusive breastfeeding and nonexclusive breastfeeding each day of hospitalization and the presence of breastfeeding problems, comparing women in the obese category (body mass index [BMI] ≥30 kg/m2) to normal and overweight women (≥18.6 to ≤29.9 kg/m2).Results: Two hundred and twenty-four postpartum women participated, including 86 women in the obese category. More than 50% of women with obesity reported a breastfeeding problem in the first and second postpartum days (p = 0.026 and p = 0.017, respectively) compared with the 41% and 38% nonobese group. Children of obese women were 2.8 times more likely to have poor latch during breastfeeding (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–6.10) compared with the nonobese group on the third day.Conclusion: Maternal obesity increased the probability of breastfeeding difficulties and nonexclusive breastfeeding at discharge. Professionals need to support breastfeeding techniques in the days immediate after delivery to improve breastfeeding outcomes for mothers with obesity.

The Role of Mixed-feeding in Undermining Breastfeeding: Analysis of the 2018 Scottish Infant Feeding Survey

ObjectivesMixed-feeding (MF), the use of formula with breastfeeding is commonly followed by early breastfeeding cessation, but the actual mechanism for this is not yet clear. We aimed to investigate i) the reasons why breastfeeding mothers start mixed feeding, ii) its association with later lactation, and iii) the role health staff play in discouraging mixed-feeding and supporting continued breastfeeding. MethodsParticipants were mothers in the Scottish Maternal and Infant Feeding Survey (2018) cohort, who had ever breastfed their infants and completed questionnaires at infant age 8–12 weeks, reporting on feeding intentions, feeding practice, breastfeeding problems, reasons for use of formula and sociodemographic data. Mothers who planned to mixed-feed from the outset, were defined as early MF, while those who had not intended to mixed feed but did so, were defined as reactive MF. ResultsOf 1974 initially breastfeeding mothers, 65% had mixed-fed at some point. At 6 weeks, 32% had ceased breastfeeding, 22% were mixed-feeding and 46% were still exclusively breastfeeding. Early breastfeeding problems (<2 weeks) were common (65%) and related to stopping breastfeeding (Relative Risk [RR]:3.23, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 2.0, 5.3). Using survival modelling, adjusting for early and late breastfeeding problems, and sociodemographic factors, reactive MF were less likely than early MF to have stopped breastfeeding (Hazard Ratio [HR]:0.57, 95% CI: 0.4, 0.8). In multivariate analysis, increased risk of breastfeeding cessation was associated with intention to mixed-feed (RR:3.39, 95%CI: 2.4, 4.9), and introduction of formula due to convenience (RR:3.21, 95%CI: 2.3, 4.4); the latter was also associated with later lactational issues (RR:1.76, 95%CI: 1.3, 2.3). Mothers who received specialist lactation support were less likely to cease breastfeeding (RR:0.63, 95%CI: 0.5, 0.9) but other input was not protective. ConclusionsMothers often choose to mix-feed their infants from the first weeks, even in absence of breastfeeding problems. Maternal and child health programs need to counsel mothers against mixed-feeding and provide skilled help for breastfeeding issues. Funding SourcesN/A.

Indikator Penilaian dari Dukungan Nenek berkorelasi paling kuat terhadap Praktik Pemberian ASI non Eksklusif pada Ibu Primipara Muda yang Bekerja

Primiparous mothers will experience various breastfeeding problems because it is the first experience, especially for working mothers. Therefore, they need to get support from their families, mainly from grandmothers. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the grandmother's support and exclusive breastfeeding for primiparous mothers working. This study, conducted in the Arjowinangun Community Health Center coverage area, Malang, used a cross-sectional study approach. The data collection used purposive sampling and questionnaires. One hundred thirty-two respondents had agreed to participate in this study. The results show that most mothers who choose non-exclusive breastfeeding had received insufficient support. There was a significant and strong correlation between grandmother's support and breastfeeding behavior (p-value = 0.000; r = 0.831), which means that the better the grandmother's support, the better exclusive breastfeeding behavior primiparous working mothers. All the support indicators were sufficient categories. The assessment support was the highest correlation to non-exclusive breastfeeding (r = 0.649). The conclusion is grandmother's support has a significant role in the success of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers, so breastfeeding assistance by health workers should focus on mothers and families, especially grandmothers.

Testing the buffering hypothesis: Breastfeeding problems, cessation, and social support in the UK.

Physical breastfeeding problems can lead women to terminate breastfeeding earlier than planned. In high-income countries such as the UK, breastfeeding problems have been attributed to the cultural and individual "inexperience" of breastfeeding, ultimately leading to lower breastfeeding rates. Yet, cross-cultural evidence suggests breastfeeding problems still occur in contexts where breastfeeding is common, prolonged, and seen publicly. This suggests breastfeeding problems are not unusual and do not necessarily lead to breastfeeding cessation. As humans evolved to raise children cooperatively, what matters for breastfeeding continuation may be the availability of social support during the postnatal period. Here, we test the hypothesis that social support buffers mothers from the negative impact breastfeeding problems have on duration. We run Cox models on a sample of 565 UK mothers who completed a retrospective online survey about infant feeding and social support in 2017-2018. Breastfeeding problems were important predictors of cessation; however, the direction of the effect was dependent on the problem type and type of support from a range of supporters. Helpful support for discomfort issues (blocked ducts, too much milk) was significantly associated with reduced hazards of cessation, as predicted. However, helpful support for reported milk insufficiency was assoicated with an increased hazard of cessation. Experiencing breastfeeding problems is the norm, but its impact may be mitigated via social support. Working from an interdisciplinary approach, our results highlight that a wide range of supporters who provide different types of support have potential to influence maternal breastfeeding experience.

Using Videos to Teach Medical Learners How to Address Common Breastfeeding Problems.

IntroductionThough breast milk is the recommended first food, only 84% of mothers try breastfeeding, and 19% of those babies are supplemented with formula by the second day of life. Mothers often fall short of their breastfeeding goals, which has been traced in part to primary care physicians’ discomfort and lack of confidence in assisting breastfeeding mothers. A video-based educational intervention was developed to enhance learner comfort and confidence in supporting breastfeeding.MethodsPrior to watching the videos, two separate groups of learners (25 primary care residents and 40 medical students) were given two assessments to assess their baseline knowledge and self-perceived comfort and confidence with breastfeeding based on the American Academy of Pediatrics residency breastfeeding curriculum. We gave the learners a checklist to guide their observations while watching the videos. The learners repeated the assessments after watching the videos.ResultsStudents who participated showed a statistically significant increase in breastfeeding knowledge and self-perceived comfort and confidence in assisting mothers with common breastfeeding problems. Additionally, residents increased their knowledge and confidence, but not their comfort with breastfeeding.DiscussionThe videos seem to have been most helpful in assisting learners with confidence with helping breastfeeding mothers and knowledge of breastfeeding. The videos also improved student comfort but were less effective in increasing residents’ comfort as residents generally self-rated their comfort level as high preceding the video curriculum. These videos provide an effective way to begin sensitizing learners to the importance of breastfeeding, common challenges, and potential solutions for new mothers.

Pengaruh Metode SPEOS (Stimulasi Pijat Endorfin Oksitosin Suggestif) Terhadap Produksi ASI Pada Ibu Nifas

Health profile of Semarang in 2018, the exclusive feeding of the exclusive breast milk in the age of 0-6 months of 65.57%. It’s still far from Central Java target of 80%. This problem of breastfeeding influenced by reduced stimulation of oxytocin hormones, while physical and psychological changes can affect the lactation process. One of the efforts to increase the breast milk production with SPEOS (Suggestive Endorphin Oxytocin Massage Stimulation). The SPEOS method can help nifas mother to facilitate the expenditure of breast milk. To know the effect of the SPEOS method (Suggestive Endorfin Oxytocin Massage Stimulation) on Breast Milk Production in Nifas Mothers. The research design used quasy experiment with one group pre-post test. Sample in this study was nifas mother with spontaneous childbirth amounted to 27 people. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling. Breastfeeding production before mothers performed SPEOS method on average was 3.70 ml with standard deviation of 5,113. Breast milk production after mother performed SPEOS method on average was 129,63 ml with standard deviation 11,001. There was an influence of SPEOS method to breast milk production on nifas mother at Maternity Hospital of Mardi Rahayu Semarang (p-value = 0,000). Stimulation Massage Endorphin Oxytocin SuggestifBreastmilk Production,Nifas Mother

Randomized Clinical Trial of a Prenatal Breastfeeding and Mental Health Mixed Management Intervention.

The continuity of maternal depressive symptoms throughout the perinatal period and breastfeeding problems have adverse influences on breastfeeding. To compare the feeding patterns and breastfeeding experiences, maternal health and mental health, and breastfeeding self-efficacy between women with depressive symptoms who participated in a prenatal individualized mixed management intervention and those who received usual care. Chinese primigravida (N = 182) with an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score ≥ 9 in late pregnancy (≥ 28 weeks and < 35 weeks) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 84) or the control group (n = 84). Intervention group participants received four sessions of individualized mixed management combining psycho-education and breastfeeding education. Breastfeeding self-efficacy, feeding patterns, maternal depression, and health status were evaluated in both groups. Significant differences were noted between the groups in breastfeeding self-efficacy at 42 days postpartum (p < .05) and feeding patterns at 3 months and 6 months postpartum (p < .05). Repeated measures analysis of variance showed significant differences in the EPDS scores between groups at three postpartum time points (p < .05). The intervention group had significantly lower postpartum depression as diagnosed by the MINI (p < .05). A prenatal individualized mixed management intervention holds promise as an effective prevention and health promotion program addressing breastfeeding outcomes and maternal mental health.This RCT was registered (ChiCTR-IOR-17013761) with Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enIndex.aspx on 12/7/2017.

Pelatihan Kelompok Ibu Menyusui di Desa Penyengat Olak Muaro Jambi Tahun 2019

Maternal and child health is one of the priority aspects to consider. Based on the results of the 2012 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), it was shown that the neonates mortality rate in 2012 was 19 per 1000 live births. This problem arises in part related to the problem of breastfeeding. The results of the screening for the nutritional status of toddlers at the posyandu showed that as many as 11 toddlers were malnourished, this was due to the low knowledge of mothers regarding the balanced nutrition of toddlers, poor attitudes in fulfilling balanced nutrition for toddlers, and poor culture in fulfilling toddler nutrition. The main target of this program is assistance for the formation and training of Breastfeeding Mothers' Groups in an effort to improve the health status of mothers, babies and toddlers in Penyengat Olak Village, Kec. Jambi Outside the City. The output of this program is there is an increase in community participation in improving the health of mothers and children by assisting the formation of groups of breastfeeding mothers. The implementation of the activity was started with an observation of the breastfeeding mothers research group in several Penyengat Olak village which consisted of 3 breastfeeding mothers' groups, namely in the RT. 18, RT 19, and RT 20. Each group consists of 10 people consisting of pregnant women and nursing mothers. It is hoped that the continuity of breastfeeding mother's breastfeeding program can be maintained, even though there are many factors raised by members, such as being busy taking care of the house and children, inappropriate meeting times, long distances, and so on.

Comparing breastfeeding experiences between mothers spending the traditional Chinese confinement period in a confinement centre and those staying at home: a cohort study

BackgroundEthnic Chinese mothers in Malaysia adhere to 30 days of traditional postpartum practices (the “confinement period”) aimed at recuperation after delivery. Recently there has been an emergence of confinement centres (CCs) where mothers stay and receive traditional confinement care. Ethnic Chinese mothers have low breastfeeding rates. There are concerns that practices in CCs could contribute to this but no data exists. We described mothers’ breastfeeding experiences at CCs and identified areas for potential improvement in breastfeeding support.MethodsEthnic Chinese mothers intending to breastfeed their healthy infants were recruited post-delivery between August and October 2017 then, at 1 and 6 months, they were telephone interviewed about their experience. For every participant going to a CC after the birth, another mother going home (“home”) for her confinement was recruited. Chi-square test was used to compare groups and multiple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of confinement place on exclusive breastfeeding.ResultsOf 187 mothers, 88 (47%) went to CCs. Significantly more were primipara and fewer had previous breastfeeding experience. Response rates for the 1- and 6- month interviews were 88% (CC) versus 97% (home); and 77% (CC) versus 87% (home) respectively.Exclusive breastfeeding rates were similar between the groups: 62% (CC) versus 56% (home) at 1 month (p = 0.4); and 37% (CC) versus 42% (home) at 6 months (p = 0.5). Multiple logistic regression did not show that CCs were a factor affecting exclusive breastfeeding rates at 1 month, (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9, 3.3), or 6 months (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4, 1.7). However, significantly more CC participants only fed expressed breast milk. Despite 66% of CC participants reporting that their centre supported breastfeeding, only 6 (8%) CC participants compared to 66 (69%) of home participants roomed-in with their baby (p < 0.001). The proportion encountering breastfeeding difficulties were similar between groups. CC participants sought help for breastfeeding problems mainly from CC staff and support groups while home participants obtained help from friends and healthcare professionals.ConclusionsBreastfeeding rates appeared to be similar at CCs and at home during the confinement period, but there were gaps in how CCs supported breastfeeding. Targeted training to CC staff to support breastfeeding may result in better outcomes for mothers staying in CCs.

A Comprehensive Literature Review on the Architecture of the Upper Labial Frena

Over the past few years, various surgical procedures have evolved that focus on releasing the taut superior labial frena in infants, yet little is known about their normal or variant morphology despite the growing incidence of severe upper labial frenar tie. Apart from this, the role played by distorted upper labial frena in uncomfortable latching or problems in breast feeding has been a major concern among mothers thereby significantly affecting public health. Hence, the purpose of this literature review is to lucidly highlight the various existing grading schemes and classification systems in literature for superior labial frena and also to understand their precise morphology and developmental origins that will be of great help to oral surgeons and plastic surgeons in performing release repair or reconstructions for the upper lip tie.

Assessment of breastfeeding techniques in Enugu, South-East Nigeria.

Background:Good breastfeeding technique is important in ensuring adequate milk delivery and preventing breastfeeding problems. Exclusive breastfeeding rate is quite low, and requisite skills regarding proper positioning and attachment of an infant while breastfeeding appears lacking among mothers in Nigeria. This study was undertaken to assess breastfeeding techniques of mothers attending the well-child clinics of two tertiary hospitals in southeast Nigeria.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional descriptive study of 396 mother and child pairs who attend the well child clinics of two tertiary hospitals in Enugu (Enugu state University Teaching Hospital and University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital) between September 2018 and February 2019. An interviewer administered, well-structured pro forma was used to collect data while mothers were observed closely as they breastfed and scored using the World Health Organization criteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.Results:Most of the mothers studied (357; 90.2%) attended ante-natal care, and 365 (92.2%) of the deliveries were assisted by a health worker. Only 194 (49%) of mothers practiced good breastfeeding techniques. Maternal age (20–30 years) (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 0.464), attendance to antenatal clinic (P < 0.001; OR 8.336), health education and demonstration on breastfeeding techniques before and after delivery (P = 0.001) and maternal level of education (χ2 = 13.173, P = 0.001) but not parity (P = 0.386; OR 1.192) were significantly associated with good breastfeeding techniques.Conclusion:There are suboptimal breastfeeding techniques among mothers. Increased awareness creation and regular demonstration of breastfeeding techniques are needed.

COVID-19 is associated with traumatic childbirth and subsequent mother-infant bonding problems

BackgroundKnowledge of women's experience of childbirth in the outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and associated maternal health outcomes is scarce. MethodsA sample of primarily American women who gave birth around the height of COVID-19 (n = 1,611) and matched controls, i.e., women who gave birth before COVID-19 (n = 640), completed an anonymous Internet survey about recent childbirth, birth-related traumatic stress (peritraumatic distress inventory; PTSD-checklist), maternal bonding (maternal attachment inventory; mother-to-infant bonding scale) and breastfeeding status. Groups (n = 637 in each) were matched on demographics, prior mental health/trauma and childbirth factors to determine the unique contribution of COVID-19 to the psychological experience of childbirth. ResultsMothers in COVID-19-exposed communities endorsed more clinically acute stress response to childbirth than matched controls (Z = 2.65, p = .008, OR= 1.38). A path mediation model revealed that acute stress mediated the relationship between study group and postpartum outcomes. Specifically, higher acute stress response in birth was associated with more childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (β = .42, p < .001) and less bonding with the infant (β = .26, p < .001), including breastfeeding problems (β = .10, p < .01). LimitationsUse of a convenient internet sample introduces bias towards more educated women and reliance on retrospective self-report assessments may entail recall bias. ConclusionsCOVID-19 is a major stressor for delivering women. It can heighten traumatic childbirth experiences and interfere with successful postpartum adjustment. Clinical attention to traumatic stress in childbirth and problems with caring for the young during this pandemic is important.

Effect of frenotomy on breastfeeding and reflux: results from the BRIEF prospective longitudinal cohort study

ObjectivesTo assess the Efficacy of Frenotomy with regard to Breastfeeding and Reflux Improvement (BRIEF) in infants with breastfeeding problems.Materials and methodsA cohort of 175 consecutive breastfeeding women with breastfeeding and reflux problems related to a tongue-tie or lip-tie fulfilling the inclusion criteria was longitudinally followed for 6 months. The effect of frenotomy on these problems was studied by a standardized oral assessment and completing the validated Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Short Form (BSES-SF), nipple pain score (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), and Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire Revised (I-GERQ-R) questionnaires pre-frenotomy and at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months’ post frenotomy.ResultsAll 175 women completed the 1-month follow-up and 146 women the 6 months’ follow-up. Frenotomy resulted in a significant improvement of BSES-SF, nipple pain score, and I-GERQ-R after 1 week, which improvement maintained to be significant after 1 month for BSES-SF and I-GERQ-R, and after 6 months for I-GERQ-R. The improvements were irrespective of the type lip-tie or tongue-tie underlying the breast feeding and reflux problems. No post-operative complications were observed. About 60.7% of infants still was breastfed 6 months after treatment.ConclusionsFrenotomy is a safe procedure with no post-operative complications and resulting in significant improvement of breastfeeding self-efficacy, nipple pain, and gastro-oesophageal reflux problems.Clinical relevanceFrenotomy of a tongue-tie and or lip-tie can lead to improvement of breastfeeding and reflux problems irrespective of the type of tongue-tie or lip-tie and should be considered by clinicians as a proper tool to resolve these problems if non-interventional support did not help.International trial registerISRCTN64428423

A Study of Maternal Breast Feeding Issues during Early Postnatal Days

Background: The success in breast-feeding is dependent on early initiation and effective management of breast feeding problems during early postnatal days. Objectives: To identify breast feeding problems and their etiologies during early postnatal days until discharge from hospital. Methodology: Descriptive study done in a medical college hospital. One hundred and twenty mothers in early postnatal days were enrolled in the study. Sick mothers, sick neonates admitted in NICU for &gt;24 hours and where breast-feeding was contraindicated were excluded. Data was collected by direct interview with the mother by the investigators and were entered in the proforma. The questionnaire contained general information of the mothers, self-reported and observed problems about breast feeding. The first interview was carried out within 12 hours of delivery after taking informed consent. Follow up interviews were done on 24 hourly basis until discharge. Data was analyzed statistically. Results: Mothers were aged between 22 to 40 years with more than half in 26-30 years range. Majority were homemakers and educated up to high school. 31(25.8%) were primi mothers. 64(53%) had vaginal and 56(47%) had caesarean deliveries. 61.6% of the mothers knew about colostrum and its benefits. Most (98.3%) of the mothers felt that there is a need for education about breast-feeding. Majority had initiated breast feeds within an hour or at least within 4 hours (LSCS mothers). Insufficiency of milk and problems with latching, positioning and sucking were some of the problems noted. Though most of the problems were resolved before discharge, few persisted until discharge. Perceived milk insufficiency, latching problems and breast problems were higher in primi and found to be statistically significant. Objective problems like poor positioning, sucking etc were higher among primi and caesarean mothers. Even problems that remained at discharge were also more among them. Conclusions: Most common problems were positioning, emphasizing the need for teaching/training. Primi and delivery by LSCS were found to have higher feeding problems emphasizing the need to focus on these high risk groups. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2020-0204-4 Full Text: PDF

THE EFFECT OF COMBINATION OF MARMET TECHNIQUES AND WARM COMPRESSES ON PRODUCTION ASI IN POSTPARTUM MOTHER IN INDEPENDENT MIDWIFE PRACTICE DINCE SAFRINA PEKANBARU CITY

Abstract&#x0D; Breastfeeding problems that can arise from the first day to the third daypostpartum is ASI not streamlined. ASI does not streamlined make themother unable to meet the needs of the baby. The purpose of this studywas to determine the effect of a combination of the technique marmet andwarm compresses on milk production. The study was conducted in August2019 until April 2020 in PMB Dince Safrina City of Pekanbaru. This typeof research is quantitative research using a Quasi Experiment design. Thepopulation in this study were all postpartum mothers in January-February2020 who delivered at PMB Dince Safrina totaling 27 people. Thesample in this study were 20 postpartum mothers taken with incidentalsampling technique. Data collection uses the observation method using anobservation sheet. Data analysis used independent t test with asignificance level of 95%. The results showed that the average milkproduction in the combination intervention group was 107.00 ml (SD22.63) compared to the marmet technical intervention group which was77.00 ml (SD 27.10). The conclusion of the study is the influence of thetechnique of marmet with and without warm compresses on milkproduction in postpartum mothers (p = 0, 015), it intended thecombination of marmet technique and warm compresses is more effectivein increasing milk production. The advice given is that a combination of themarmet technique and warm compresses can be applied in midwiferycare for postpartum mothers to help increase and expedite milkproduction.

Characterization of full term newborns with hypernatremic dehydration

The hypernatremic neonatal dehydration is a severe condition whose incidence has increased in recent years resulting in complications leading to the hospitalization of the newborn. Describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of term-newborns with Hypernatremic Dehy dration diagnosis. Descriptive observational study of hospitalized term- newborns due to hypernatremic dehydration between a period from 2014 to 2016. Term newborns over 37 weeks with clinical signs of dehydration (dry mucous membranes, depressed fontanel, tear less crying, signs of the cutaneous pleat), and/or excessive weight loss greater than 7% and serum sodium greater than 145 mEq/L were included. Sociodemographic and biochemical variables were recorded for analysis. 43 neonates were included. 60.5 percent of their mothers were pri- miparous, 90 percent of neonates received exclusive breastfeeding, mothers reported breastfeeding problems in 76.7 percent. Incoming neonates reported weight loss compared to birth weight at 15.3% on average. 83.3% had public health insurance. 65.1% had dehydration clinical signs at entry and 83.5% transient neurological signs. The average sodium was 155 mEq/L at revenue. The sodium decrease in the first 24 hours of handling was 7.74 mEq/L (0.32mEq/L per hour). The correction of the hypernatremia was 55.8% by oral intake and 4 days hospital stay on average. The feeding's problems came up in a (76%), primiparous mothers in an (88.4%). 90.6 percent of this population administered exclusive breastfeeding, results that can help to alert the health professional to timely identification, warning signs, and early post-discharge control and preventive measures.

Lactation Massage for Increasing Breast Milk Production in Postpartum Mothers

Background: Breast milk is the best food for babies. But breastmilk production which is little or not smooth in the first days of delivery becomes an obstacle in breastfeeding. The study conducted by Collin and a scot in Australia showed that 556 mothers gave birth as many as 29% had stopped breastfeeding their babies in the second week on the grounds that their milk was lacking. The lack of milk production causes many mothers to easily provide prelacteal foods. This prelacteal feeding causes the amount of exclusive breastfeeding to decrease.&#x0D; Purpose: To obtain a scientific reference source about lactation massage, which in previous studies can increase milk production in postpartum mothers.&#x0D; Methods: This study is a metadata analysis using a literature review that explores the benefits of massage to increase milk production. Literature sources used are journals from Pubmed, Garuda (garba rujukan digital), Doaj, Researchgate and Google Scholar.&#x0D; Results: With the principle of working to maximize the mechanism of prolactin and oxytocin receptors, lactation massage is a solution to overcome the smooth production of breast milk and minimize the side effects of delayed breastfeeding. In a study conducted by Aprilianti, lactation massage had a tendency to rapid onset of lactation 5.57 times greater than mothers who received oxytocin massage.&#x0D; Conclusion: This article tries to examine the problem of breastfeeding in postpartum mothers based on literature review. In general the role of lactation massage is successful in smoothing milk production, but there are a number of things that need to be evaluated.