Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Research Articles

Can Willingness to Breastfeed Be an Opportunity for Smoking Pregnant Women to Quit Smoking?

Smoking during pregnancy and/or not breastfeeding have considerable negative health outcomes for the mother and infant. This descriptive and cross-sectional study determined the relationship between the prediction of smoking cessation success in pregnant women and their breastfeeding attrition prediction during lactation. The other aim of the study was to determine the predictor of smoking cessation success and the factors affecting breastfeeding attrition prediction. The present study was conducted with 131 smoking pregnant women. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Smoking Cessation Success Prediction Scale, and the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool. A statistically significant and positive correlation was revealed between the Smoking Cessation Success Prediction Scale and the positive breastfeeding attitude (r = 0.349, P < .01). Of the change in positive breastfeeding attitudes, 14.7% was explained by the prediction of smoking cessation success (adjusted R2 = 0.147). The study revealed that the prediction of smoking cessation success increased with an increase in the positive breastfeeding attitude of smoking pregnant women.

Testing Inclusive Language Revisions of the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool Using Cognitive Interviewing: A Pilot Study.

Recent calls-to-action have recommended the use of gender-inclusive language in the field of human lactation research and clinical care. However, little empirical evidence about parental acceptance and understanding of this new terminology exists. To assess understanding and acceptance of an inclusive language revision of the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT). This was a prospective qualitative study consisting of two phases, a survey followed by cognitive interview. Pregnant people (N = 16) were recruited from the Vermont Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, which uses the BAPT as a standard of care. The study team revised the BAPT (e.g., changed terms like "breast milk" to "human milk"). Study participants completed the Revised BAPT and then participated in a cognitive interview by phone to assess their understanding and acceptance of revised, inclusive language. Most inclusive language was well understood and accepted by participants. Proposed revisions to the survey to replace terms like "breastfeeding" with other terms like "chestfeeding" or "bodyfeeding" were more difficult for participants to understand and were not well accepted. While it is clear that language in human lactation research and clinical practice should be revised to be more gender inclusive, specific inclusive terms elicit different levels of understanding and acceptance. Inclusive language options should be tested with target populations and more research is needed in this area.

Exploring Acceptance and Understanding of Inclusive Language in the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool

ObjectivesInclusive language has come to the forefront of the conversation in human lactation research as a way to increase the use of essential health services by marginalized groups. While there has been a call to action to adopt inclusive language in human lactation research, few studies have assessed understanding and acceptability of inclusive language. This pilot study, conducted in partnership with the Vermont Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) agency, sought to fill this gap.MethodsThe Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) is a reliable, valid instrument to assess breastfeeding sentiment, social and professional support, and perceived behavioral control. In 2021, the study team revised original survey language primarily to limit the use of gender-exclusive terms; 7 out of the 27 questions were revised (e.g., ‘mothers’ became ‘parents’ and ‘breastmilk’ became ‘human milk’). The team intended to update language without interfering with the interpretation of survey items in a way that could affect BAPT scores. A convenience sample of WIC participants (n = 16) completed the 2021 Revised BAPT survey, then cross-cultural cognitive interviews assessed participants’ understanding of the revised language and explored reactions to other inclusive language terminology. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and transcriptions were analyzed in NVivo using grounded theory principles.ResultsCognitive interviews revealed that participants understood and accepted inclusive language in the 2021 Revised BAPT survey when it better reflected their own situation or when they believed it would better reflect the diversity of others’ situations. While the term ‘breastfeeding’ was preferred by most in comparison to gender-inclusive options, adding ‘chestfeeding’ alongside ‘breastfeeding’ in survey questions was generally well-understood by participants and may better support people who identify as LGBTQ + .ConclusionsCognitive interviews with Vermont WIC participants suggest that the updated inclusive BAPT language is generally understandable and accepted. Inclusive language may be especially important in increasing feelings of inclusivity and health-seeking behavior in the LGBTQ + population, and more research on this is recommended.Funding SourcesUSDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS).

Psychometric Properties of Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT): A Systematic Review

Background It is necessary to identify women who discontinue the breastfeeding to achieve the purpose of increasing the length of breastfeeding. To this end, Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) has been developed. The current systematic review aimed to comprehensively review the validity and reliability of BAPT scale with different versions to give comprehensive information for authorities in this field. Materials and Methods Three English databases including Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, and Cochran library until May 2018 with no date restriction were searched. The search strategy was developed based on main terms of (Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool OR BAPT) AND (Reliability OR validity OR Psychometrics OR Factor Analysis). Two reviewers separately extracted the required data available in full-text of all the quality of related studies was investigated using COSMIN checklist. Results All Cronbach alpha coefficient (both overall and subscale) were in excess of 0.7 except for subscale NBS in American version and subscale PBS in Persian version. In term of discriminant and predictive validity, BAPT revealed a good ability to classify women with or without breastfeeding. BAPT predicted breastfeeding status at postpartum period but it was not able to predict breastfeeding status in the third trimester of pregnancy. In term construct validity, four-factor solution of original English version was confirmed in Turkish, Persian and English other version. Conclusion Overall, the findings of systematic review supported that BAPT may be a valid (content, predictive and construct validity), and reliable (internal consistency and re-test reliability) instrument to use in both researches and clinics to identify mothers who are at risk of breastfeeding stop.

Screening for Mothers at Risk to Wean Early and Referral to a Lactation Support Person for Prolonging Breastfeeding.

This project trialed the breastfeeding control (BFC) scale of the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) to identify mothers at high risk to wean early and to determine the effectiveness of a prenatal consult with a lactation support person on breastfeeding duration and intensity. Results indicated that mothers with lower scores on the BAPT-BFC scale showed a trend for decreased breastfeeding intensity at 8 weeks postpartum. Experimental and control groups had similar BAPT-BFC scores and breastfeeding intensity at 8 weeks. Overall, women who had low BAPT-BFC scores tended to be breastfeeding less at 8 weeks compared with mothers who scored very high. This finding would suggest the BAPT-BFC is a helpful tool for predicting breastfeeding success.

Outcome Evaluation of the You Can Do It Initiative to Promote Exclusive Breastfeeding Among Women Enrolled in the New York State WIC Program by Race/Ethnicity

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of You Can Do It at improving exclusive breastfeeding (BF) among New York State women enrolled in Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). DesignQuasi-experimental study, September, 2013 through February, 2016. SettingMulticomponent intervention paired with a yearlong learning community in 12 clinics. ParticipantsWomen who were enrolled in WIC during the first trimester, intended to breastfeed or were undecided, and continued in WIC after delivery, comprised 1 baseline cohort (n = 688) and 2 intervention cohorts: Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) (consented, n = 362) and non-BAPT (declined, n = 408). InterventionThe BAPT was offered to all eligible women in the intervention enrollment period. Consenting women received multiple counseling sessions tailored to individual BAPT results throughout pregnancy and were contacted promptly after delivery. Main Outcome Measure(s)Prevalence of exclusive BF at 7, 30, and 60 days. AnalysisMultivariate logistic regression, stratified by race/ethnicity. Statistical significance set at P < .05. ResultsPrevalence of exclusive BF at 7 and 30 days was significantly higher among BAPT women compared with non-BAPT or baseline cohorts. Non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women in the BAPT cohort achieved significantly higher exclusive BF rates at 30 and 60 days compared with those in non-BAPT and baseline cohorts. Conclusions and ImplicationThe initiative seems to be effective at increasing exclusive BF, particularly among non-Hispanic black and Hispanic women in the New York State WIC program.

Comparison of Socio-Demographic Characteristics of a Computer Based Breastfeeding Educational Intervention Among Rural Hispanic Women.

Examine association between socio-demographic characteristics and breastfeeding knowledge, self-efficacy and breastfeeding attrition prediction among rural Hispanic women. 46 rural Hispanic women, aged 18-38years were enrolled from Regional West Medical Center, Scottsbluff, Nebraska. Intervention (n=23) and attention control groups (n=23) received bi-lingual breastfeeding education using touch screen computer and printed educational material. Participants were enrolled during last 6weeks of pregnancy. Follow up assessments were at days 3 and 7, weeks 2 and 6, and months 3 and 6 postpartum. More than half of participants were single and had 10-12years of education. Less than half of them had ever breastfed their children. No differences in knowledge, self-efficacy and intent to breastfeed scores were seen between two groups. Significant positive association was seen between self-efficacy and intent to breastfeed. Self-efficacy is an important predictor of intent to breastfeed among rural Hispanic women.

Exploration of factors influencing initiation and continuation of breastfeeding among Hispanic women living in rural settings: a multi-methods study

Healthy People 2020 has the important goal of increasing the number of breastfed babies in the USA. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore factors that influence breastfeeding initiation and continuation among Hispanic women living in rural settings. Further, the objective of this study was to develop a framework for an educational breastfeeding program to meet the needs of Hispanic women living in rural settings. A convenience sample of 12 Hispanic women, age 19 years or older, was enrolled from the Regional West Medical Center, Scottsbluff, a rural setting in Nebraska, during October 2012. A multimethod approach was used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data. Two focus groups were conducted to collect qualitative data, and various quantitative variables included study population characteristics, Breastfeeding Self-efficacy Scale Short Form (BSES-SF) and Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT). The majority of the mothers did not take prenatal breastfeeding classes and did not intend to (83%, n=10). Half of the participants decided at the time they were pregnant to breastfeed their children. The most common factors for deciding to breastfeed were the perceived benefits for the health of the baby, and family influence. The average BSES-SF score was 55 (s=12), with the scores ranging from 36 to 67. BAPT results indicated an above-average intention to breastfeed with an average of 31 (standard deviation 4). Results of the focus group, BSES-SF and BAPT helped to develop submodules such as breastfeeding initiation, feeding cues, nutrition for breastfeeding mother and cost-effectiveness of breastfeeding. The study describes the factors that impact on breastfeeding practices among Hispanic rural women. Further, assessment of BSES and BAPT scales facilitate the development of the breastfeeding educational content. The study highlights the importance of behavioral and cultural factors that might be essential to increase adoption of breastfeeding among Hispanic rural women.

The Turkish Version of the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool

This study demonstrates that the original English version of the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) was successfully adapted to Turkey, as methodologically demonstrated here. The results of this study show that the Turkish version of the BAPT is similar to the original version and that it can be used with Turkish women to identify mothers who may be at high risk of weaning prematurely.

Reliability and Validity of the Preterm Infant Feeding Survey: Instrument Development and Testing

No instruments have been located that examine attitudes concerning feeding decisions of mothers of preterm infants. The purpose of this study was to describe the development and psychometric testing of the Preterm Infant Feeding Survey (PIFS). The PIFS was adapted from the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Scale. The five-subscale, 78-item PIFS was tested with 105 mothers of preterm infants shortly after hospital admission. Individual subscale Cronbach's alpha values ranged from .75 to .82. Factor analysis demonstrated a five-factor solution. The PIFS is the first instrument to examine factors that contribute to feeding decisions of mothers of high-risk preterm infants; this knowledge will support the planning of interventions to improve breastfeeding outcomes for this population. Further psychometric testing with larger samples is recommended.

Modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool: Prenatal and Postpartum Tests

Modified Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool: Prenatal and Postpartum Tests

Modified breastfeeding attrition prediction tool: prenatal and postpartum tests.

In earlier studies, the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) demonstrated predictive validity in the postpartum period. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a modified version of the BAPT when given in the last trimester (BAPT1) and following delivery (BAPT2) in predicting breastfeeding attrition among 117 women who planned to breastfeed for at least 8 weeks. Subjects completed the BAPT during a prenatal breastfeeding class and again at delivery, and they received a phone call at 8 weeks to determine breastfeeding status. In this study, neither of the two administrations of the BAPT was predictive of breastfeeding status at 8 weeks. Findings here may differ because subjects in the current study were all committed enough to attend breastfeeding class and, thus, varied less on commitment than women in earlier studies. Significant associations were found with level of education and having a close relative who breastfed. To assist the perinatal educator in identifying women most at risk for early cessation of breastfeeding, the use of three questions regarding level of education, family support, and breastfeeding preparation is suggested.

Predicting early breastfeeding attrition.

The Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool (BAPT) is based on the theory of planned behavior, which explains behavior as a function of attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived control. The BAPT subscales are positive and negative attitudes toward breastfeeding, family and professional expectations, and perceived ability to be successful. The purpose of this study was to test the reliability and validity of the BAPT among 269 women who planned to breastfeed for at least 8 weeks. Subjects completed the BAPT in the hospital and during a telephone interview at 8 weeks. Based on factor analysis, several items were deleted. Using discriminant function analysis, the modified BAPT was an effective predictor of 78% of women who stopped breastfeeding before 8 weeks and 68% of those who were still breastfeeding. There is potential for the modified BAPT to be an adjunct for the clinician in identifying women at risk for early cessation of breastfeeding.