Breadfruit Research Articles

Particle Size Modification of Breadfruit Starch (Artocarpus altilis) into Nanoparticle Size Through Top Down Technique using Acid Hydrolysis

<br /><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;" lang="EN-US">Breadfruit (<em>Artocarpus altilis</em>) is a significant starch source, comprising up to 70.25% of its composition, and holds extensive industrial applications. However, the physicochemical properties of natural starch pose several challenges to its direct use as an industrial raw material. These challenges include high viscosity, substantial swelling power, low solubility, significant retrogradation, limited digestibility, and poor thermal stability. To address these issues, modification of the starch particle size to the nanometer scale is proposed, which is anticipated to enhance both functional and physicochemical properties. This study employs a top-down approach through 2.2 N HCl acid hydrolysis at 38°C for 24 hours. This method offers simplicity, efficiency for scale-up in industrial applications, and relatively higher stability than alternative approaches. Particle size analysis using Particle Size Analysis (PSA) revealed an average particle size of 215 nm. Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy showed characteristic bands similar to natural starch, with slight variations in peak intensity, indicating successful acid hydrolysis and structural disruption of the molecular order. Morphological analysis revealed minimal changes in the granules' surface structure, with clumping observed due to acid hydrolysis. The resultant starch nanoparticles exhibited decreased viscosity and swelling while solubility was enhanced. Therefore, nanoparticle starch holds promising applications in food and non-food industries</span><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Arial',sans-serif; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN-ID; mso-fareast-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">.</span>

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Pulp Flour as a Non-Conventional Filler in Comminuted Pork: Effect on Physicochemical, Sensory Attributes and Cost of Meatloaves

This study explored the use of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) pulp flour (BFPF) as a filler in meatloaves, partially substituting comminuted pork. Four experimental treatments were formulated: T1 (control) with 0% BFPF, T2 with 5% BFPF, T3 with 10% BFPF, and T4 with 15% BFPF, baking them at 175 °C for 55 minutes. Data on chemical composition, cooking yield, pH, and sensory evaluation were collected. Increasing BFPF levels reduced protein and fat but increased moisture and ash in the meatloaves. Cooking yield significantly improved (p < 0.001), ranging from 751.7 g/kg DM (T1) to 835.3 g/kg DM (T5). The pH remained stable (p = 0.350), and taste preferences showed no significant differences (p = 0.283). The cost of meatloaf decreased linearly with higher BFPF inclusion. Replacing comminuted pork with up to 15% BFPF in meatloaf can improve cooking yield and reduce fat and cost without compromising on pH and sensory attributes.

Voltaire’s Breadfruit

The British Government-facilitated introduction of breadfruit trees (Artocarpus altilis) from the Pacific to the Caribbean during the late eighteenth century was a notable feat of economic botany, but the identities of the earliest originators of the idea remain unclear. Previous historical scholarship has focused mainly upon the role of Joseph Banks as the prime mover behind the scheme, while more investigative scholarship has identified one of Banks’s correspondents, Valentine Morris, as having made an early suggestion of the idea in writing. This focus on Banks and Morris, however, may have overlooked or understudied even earlier origins of the idea. After discussing several key individuals involved in the inception of the breadfruit project, this article then considers a series of passages on breadfruit in the writings of Voltaire and presents a hypothetical pathway by which those involved in the actual transfer of breadfruit from the Pacific to the Caribbean, including Banks via Morris, may have been influenced by the French philosopher.

Characteristics of Tomato Sauce with Various Concentrations of Breadfruit Starch (Artocarpus communis) as a Natural Thickener

Tomato sauce is a food product made in the form of tomato paste. Making tomato sauce requires a thickener. The thickener commonly used in making tomato sauce is CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulose) which does not contain elements that are beneficial to health. One natural thickening agent that has the potential to be developed is breadfruit starch. This research aims to determine the effect of adding breadfruit starch on the characteristics of tomato sauce. The research began with making breadfruit starch, then making tomato sauce according to the treatment and continued with product analysis. This study used a simple complete random design with one factor, namely S(0.5) as much as 2.5 grams of breadfruit starch, S(1.0) as much as 5 grams of breadfruit starch, S(1.5) as much as 7.5 grams of breadfruit starch, SM (0 grams added breadfruit starch/using 5 grams of cornstarch), and SK (commercial tomato sauce). The data obtained were analyzed using One Way Anova and to determine whether there were differences in treatment, the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was continued with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the addition of breadfruit starch had a significant effect on water content S(1.5) with a value of 76.87%, degree of acidity/pH S(0.5) with a value of 4.01, total dissolved solids S(1.5 ) with a value of 27°Brix.

The Effect of the Ratio of Rice Flour and Breadfruit Starch (Artocarpus communis) on the Characteristics of Cendol

Breadfruit is a fruit that grows widely in Indonesia. The use of breadfruit is still very limited, namely fried or boiled as a snack. Breadfruit has a high carbohydrate content, resulting in quite a lot of starch extraction. One way to increase the use of breadfruit is to process it into breadfruit starch. Breadfruit starch has a high amylose and amylopectin content so it can be used as a chewing agent in cendol production. The aim of this research is to obtain the ratio of breadfruit starch in making cendol, by testing water content and total dissolved solids. The data obtained were analyzed using One Way Anova and to determine whether there were differences in treatment, it was continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a significance level of 5%. The results of the research show that the correct ratio in making cendol to substitute breadfruit starch would be 25% rice flour and 75% breadfruit starch. The addition of breadfruit starch to making cendol has a significant effect on the water content of 81.37% -84.45%. The addition of breadfruit starch did not significantly differ from the total amount of dissolved solids with a value of 6.33-6.67 brix.

Integer weighted goal programming model for a multi-product company: a case study in the Nigerian food industry

Production planning is a complicated task that requires cooperation among multiple functional units in any organization. The management of production companies have several goals or target which they intend to achieve for their company. Henceforth, this research work presents a weighted Goal programming model for the production problem of a Nigerian food manufacturing company. The goals of the work include minimization of the underachievement of the profit goal, minimization of the underachievement of production target of the breads (burger, sardine, banana, hot dog roll, coconut, mixed fruit) and minimization of the overachievement of the machine production time. The data was collected from the production and sales department of the case company. The data included the quantity of each raw material (flour, sugar, salt, milk, nutmeg, water, butter, yeast, preserver, improver) used in producing one unit of each bread type (burger, sardine, banana, hot dog roll, coconut, mixed fruit), profit per unit of bread, time used in producing 1 unit of bread, quantity target of 1 unit of bread. The goals of this work are 8 goals which include profit goal, machine time goal, production goal of burger bread, sardine bread, banana bread, hot dog roll bread, coconut bread, mixed fruit bread. From the results obtained using LINGO optimization software, 6 goals out of 8 target goals were achieved. The achieved goals include production goal of burger, sardine, banana, hot dog roll, coconut, mixed fruit bread while the goals not achieved includes machine time goal and profit goal.

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticle by Using Artocarpus altilis Fruit Extract for Its Biological Activity

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticle by Using Artocarpus altilis Fruit Extract for Its Biological Activity

Identification of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and South American crops introduced during early settlement of Rapa Nui (Easter Island), as revealed through starch analysis.

Starch residue analysis was carried out on stone tools recovered from the bottom layer of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui (Easter Island). These deposits have been dated to AD 1000-1300 AD and so far, represent the earliest evidence of human settlement on this island. Twenty obsidian tools were analyzed. Analysis of 46 starch grains recovered from 20 obsidian tools from the earliest dated level of the Anakena site on Rapa Nui provides direct evidence for translocation of traditional crop plants at initial stages of the colonization of this island. The analysis of starch grains was based mainly on statistical methods for species identification but was complemented by visual inspection in some cases. Our results identify taxons previously unknown to have been cultivated on the island, such as breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), Zingiber officinale (ginger), and starch grains of the Spondias dulcis and Inocarpus fagifer tropical trees. Additionally, starch grains of Colocasia esculenta (taro) and Dioscorea sp. (yam), both common species in Pacific agriculture, were identified. Furthermore, the presence of four American taxa Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato), Canna sp. (achira), Manihot esculenta (manioc), and Xanthosoma sp., was detected. The occurrence of Canna sp., M. esculenta, and Xanthosoma sp. starch grains suggests the translocation of previously not described South American cultivars into the Pacific. The detection of I. batatas from this site in Rapa Nui constitutes the earliest record of this cultigen in the Pacific. Our study provides direct evidence for translocation of a set of traditional Polynesian and South American crop plants at the initial stages of colonization in Rapa Nui.

Antioxidant Analysis of Sukun (Artocarpus Altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) Leaves Using DPPH and IC50 Methods

Sukun (Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg) are abundantly found in Indonesia. However, the usage of it was very limited. This research was conducted to analyze the antioxidant activity of Sukun leaves as one of the underused plants in Indonesia. Mature Sukun leaves were extracted using maceration method where 96% technical ethanol was used as the solvent. DPPH analysis was conducted using Burdan and Olezek method (2001). IC50 method was performed to analyze Vit C content of Sukun leaves. The analysis was performed on 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 ppm concentrations. By using the DPPH method, it was found that the total antioxidant activity of the extract was 45.79; 48.11; 49.38; 50.95; and 51.70 respectively. IC 50 analysis shows that the vitamin C content of the extract was 54.82; 57.72; 60.64; 63.94; and 65.49 respectively for every concentration. It can be concluded that Sukun leaves showed strong antioxidant activity.
 Keywords: antioxidant analysis, Sukun (Artocarpus altilis), nutrition analysis, underused plant

Microsatellite Sequence Polymorphisms Reveals Substantial Diversity in Caribbean Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg] Germplasm

Breadfruit [Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg] is recognized as a tropical fruit tree crop with great potential to contribute to food and nutrition security in the Caribbean and other tropical regions. However, the genetic diversity and germplasm identification in the Caribbean and elsewhere are poorly understood and documented. This hampers the effective conservation and use of the genetic resources of this tree crop for commercial activities. This study assessed the genetic identity, diversity, ancestry, and phylogeny of breadfruit germplasm existing in the Caribbean and several newly introduced accessions using 117 SNPs from 10 SSR amplicon sequences. The results showed that there was high and comparable genetic diversity in the breadfruit germplasm in the Caribbean, and the newly introduced breadfruit accessions were based on nucleotide diversity (πT) 0.197 vs. 0.209, respectively, and nucleotide polymorphism (θW) 0.312 vs. 0.297, respectively. Furthermore, the existing Caribbean breadfruit accessions and the newly introduced breadfruit accessions were statistically genetically undifferentiated from each other (p < 0.05). Ancestry and phylogeny analysis corroborated the genetic relatedness of these two groups, with accessions of these groups being present in both main germplasm clusters. This suggests that the existing Caribbean breadfruit germplasm harbors a higher level of genetic diversity than expected.

Modulation of Gut Microbiota, and Morphometry, Blood Profiles and performance of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Piper aduncum, Morinda citrifolia, and Artocarpus altilis leaves Ethanolic Extracts.

Bioactive plants such as P. aduncum, M. citrifolia, and A. altilis might improve intestinal health as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the ethanolic extracts (EEs) of these plants on the intestinal health of broiler chickens. Cobb 500 chickens (n = 352) were distributed into eight treatments with four replicates and 11 chickens each. T1 received a base diet, and T2 received a base diet with 0.005% zinc bacitracin. T3, T5, and T7 were supplemented with 0.005% of P. aduncum, M. citrifolia, and A. altilis EE in the diet while T4, T6, and T8 with 0.01% of the extract. The EEs were supplemented with drinking water from 1 to 26 days of age. The following parameters were evaluated: hematological profiles at 28 days of age, blood metabolites profiles at 14, 21, and 28 days; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Lactobacillus sp. abundance in the ileum mucosa and content at 21 and 28 days, and histomorphometry of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum mucosa at 14, 21, and 28 d. Final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion rate (FCR) were evaluated at seven, 21, and 33 days of age. M. citrifolia and A. altilis EE at 0.01% increased blood glucose levels at 21 and 28 days of age, respectively, and P. aduncum and M. citrifolia EE at 0.01% increased triglycerides at 28 days of age; in addition, this EE did not have any effect on the AST and ALT profiles. The depths of the Lieberkühn crypts and the villi length to the crypt's depth ratio increased with age on supplementation with 0.01% M. citrifolia and A. altilis EE at 21 days of age (p < 0.05). In addition, the depth of the crypts increased at 28 days of age (p < 0.05) in chickens supplemented with 0.01% A. altilis EE. The 0.01% M. citrifolia EE in diet decreased in the Staphylococcus aureus population in the ileal microbiota (p < 0.05). The FW and WG during the fattening and in the three stages overall increased, and the FCR decreased; however, the FI and the carcass yield did not change in the broiler chickens supplemented with 0.01% M. citrifolia EE (p < 0.05). Conclusively, the M. citrifolia EE at 0.01% of the diet improved intestinal health and thus the performance indices of the broiler chickens and did not have a detrimental effect on any of the parameters evaluated, so it is postulated as a potential alternative to AGP in poultry.

Effectiveness of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson ex F.A.Zorn) Fosberg ethanol extract in suppressing inflammation and cartilage degeneration in animal models of osteoarthritis

Context: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by an inflammatory reaction and cartilage degradation. Artocarpus altilis is a well-known traditional medicine with various phenolic and flavonoid content. Several pharmacological properties of A. altilis extract (AAE) have been reported, but its effectiveness in osteoarthritis is unknown. Aims: To investigate the potential of AAE as an anti-osteoarthritis. Methods: The Wistar rats induced OA with mono-iodoacetate (MIA). The OA model rats were treated with AAE with three dose levels (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) for 28 days. As a positive control used Na-diclofenac (20 mg/kg). Serum IL-1β, IL-10, MMP-3, and MMP-13 levels and histopathological profiles were compared to the MIA group and normal control (5% Na-CMC). Results: The experimental results showed that AAE could significantly suppress the production of inflammatory mediator factor IL-1β, matrix-degrading proteinase MMP-3, MMP-13, and cartilage degeneration. In addition, AAE increased the production of the anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10, improved synovial inflammation, and increased cartilage thickness. Conclusions: A. altilis extract has the potential to be developed as an anti-osteoarthritis therapeutic agent from natural medicine.

Development of ready-to-serve breadfruit cream soup for the elderly

The number of elderly people in 2022 is 10.48% of the total population in Indonesia. The health condition of the elderly is determined by the quality and quantity of nutritional intake. To obtain sufficient nutritional intake, commodities are needed that meet the nutritional needs of the elderly. One of the commodities that is rich in nutrition for the elderly is breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis). Breadfruit cream is a processed product that is practical for the elderly. The purpose of this study was to make a ready-to-serve breadfruit cream soup for the elderly which is practical in serving and has nutritional content. The method used is trial and error to determine the formulation of breadfruit cream soup. Furthermore, the calculation of nutrient content in the breadfruit cream soup. The results of the study obtained a formula with energy content106 KCal. This energy content fulfills the 0,06% nutritional adequacy of the elderly.

Investigation of Agricultural Diseases and Pests in the Republic of Kiribati and the Republic of Fiji

The Republic of Kiribati (Kiribati) and the Republic of Fiji (Fiji) are two island countries in the Middle and Eastern Pacific Ocean, respectively. Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), banana (Musa spp.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), and breadfruit (Artocarpus incisa (Thunb.) L.) are the primary economic crops. To date, there have been few reports on the status of agricultural diseases and pests in these countries. From June 6 to June 16, 2023, our team investigated agricultural diseases and pests in Kiribati and Fiji. Thirty-six diseases, five pests and one parasitic plant from twenty-eight species of plants were identified in Kiribati. Among the deleterious organisms, coconut gray spot (Pestalotiopsis palmarum (Cooke) Steyaert), banana Cordana leaf spot (Cordana musae (Zimm) Hhon), hala (pandanus) leaf blight (Unidentified pathogen), breadfruit anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.), frangipani rust (Coleosporium plumierae Pat.) and noni anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) were predominant. A total of twenty-seven diseases and one parasitic plant were identified on twenty-one species of plants in Fiji. Mango bacterial black spot (Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae), banana black leaf streak (Pseudocercospora musae (Zimm.) Deighton), pumpkin virus disease (Unidentified), and frangipani rust (Coleosporium plumierae Pat.) were prevalent. The results of our survey could provide the governments of Kiribati and Fiji with basic data to control the primary agricultural diseases and pests in their countries.

Ameliorative role of diets fortified with Artocarpus altilis in a Drosophila melanogaster model of aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity

Backgrounds: Artocarpus altilis (breadfruit) belongs to the family Moraceae. Artocarpus altilis possesses antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-proliferative properties. Aluminum (Al) is extensively utilized for consumer products, cooking utensils, pharmaceuticals, and industries. Indication for the neurotoxicity of Al is investigated in various studies, notwithstanding the precise mechanisms of Al toxicity are yet to be fully elucidated, and, which requires novel therapy. In this study, we determined the ameliorative role of Artocarpus altilis on aluminum chloride-induced neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.MethodsVarying concentration of the extract were used to formulate diets for 6 groups of flies. Group 1 contained basal diet, group 2 contained basal diet and aluminium chloride (AlCl3), group 3 contained basal diet + 0.1% unseeded breadfruit (UBF), group 4 contained basal diet + 1% unseeded breadfruit, group 5 and 6 contained basal diet + AlCl3 + 0.1% and 1% unseeded breadfruit. Assays such as acetylcholinesterase activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration level, catalase activity, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were carried out after 7 days of exposure respectively.ResultsThe results showed low activity of acetylcholinesterase activity and MDA level and high catalase and SOD activity in the pretreated and post-treated flies with Artocarpus altilis compared to the normal and negative control respectively.ConclusionsTaken together, Artocarpus altilis is a promising prophylactic, antiacetylcholinesterase, and antioxidant plant in the prevention, management and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.Graphical

Turbidity Removal Performance of Selected Natural Coagulants for Water Treatment in Colombian Rural Areas

Despite the recognized efficiency of natural coagulants, their widespread adoption in the water treatment industry remains low. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of three natural coagulants—Moringa Oleifera, Yausa (Abutilon Insigne Planch), and Breadfruit (Artocarpus Altilis)—in reducing water turbidity levels of 40–50 NTU. Among these, two are native plant species potentially applicable in rural Colombian areas, where there are evident disparities in water infrastructure. This research contributes to the development of these coagulants, exploring their integration with existing water treatment methods, determining their optimal concentrations, and efficiencies in turbidity removal. Our findings reveal significant turbidity removal efficiencies: 88.9% for Moringa Oleifera, 83.3% for Yausa, and 67.2% for Breadfruit. These results indicate the feasibility of these agents as sustainable replacements for traditional chemical coagulants, exhibiting a level of effectiveness alike to that observed in Moringa Oleifera. However, challenges in practical implementation and sustainability, covering technical, environmental, economic, and social aspects, are notable obstacles. The aim of this study is to not only demonstrate the effectiveness of these natural coagulants but also to encourage their broader acceptance and integration into sustainable water treatment practices incorporating two unstudied plant species, such as Yausa and Breadfruit, furthering research to overcome existing challenges. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-02-020 Full Text: PDF

Local food resilience in an effort to anticipate extreme climate in small islands of the Bird’s Head Papua

Food security and community resilience in small islands are very vulnerable to extreme climatic conditions that pass the northern shoreline of the Bird’s Head Papua. Therefore, an effort to find out what the community uses local food types in food resilience and security in times of extreme climate in the small islands of the Bird’s Head Papua. The benefit index (BI) will be used to identify local food resilience with survey and field observation using purposive sampling interviews with the local community in small islands. Development of the research laid out the highest BI value of staple foods was sukun (Artocarpus altilis), which reported 98%, thereafter to banana (Musa sp.) at 94%, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) at 90%, taro (Colocasia esculenta) 89%, and cassava (Manihot esculenta) 87%. Vegetable crops with the highest BI value were gedi leaves (Abelmoschus Manihot) 90% and papaya leaves (Carica papaya) 85%, next off sweet potato leaves (Ipomoea batatas) 55%, cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta) 50% and pumpkin leaves (Cucurbita sp.) 45%. The highest BI values in fruit crops are mango (Mangifera indica) 70%, papaya (Carica papaya) 65%, banana (Musa sp.) 60%, and soursop (Annona muricata) 50%.

Effects of plants with presumed cardiotonic properties on the decreased contractility of isolated guinea pig atria caused by acetylcholine: Implications for their clinical usefulness

Heart failure (HF) has been related to a chronic imbalance between autonomic sympathetic and parasympathetic activation. In the Republic of Suriname (South America), this condition is regularly treated with plant-derived preparations with presumed cardiotonic properties, mostly by traditional healers. In this study, aqueous extracts from Annona muricata (leaf), Mansoa alliacea (leaf), Momordica charantia (leaf and stem), Gossypium barbadensis (leaf), Artocarpus altilis (leaf), Chrysophyllum cainito (leaf), Solanum melongena (unripe fruit), and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (leaf and stem) were evaluated at serial dilutions for their capability to reverse the decreased contractility and for their effects on the decreased beating frequency of isolated guinea pig atria caused by EC50 acetylcholine (10-7 M). The effects of the plant extracts alone were also investigated. Experiments were for 3 min with 2 x 2-min intervals in Ringer-Locke buffer, 100% O2, and 30 °C. Results (g/sec and beats/min, means ± SDs; n ≥ 3) were expressed relative to those found with acetylcholine alone or buffer alone, and compared for statistically significant differences using one-way ANOVA (p &lt; 0.05). None of the extracts reversed the decreased contractility and beating frequency of the atria caused by acetylcholine, but those from M. alliacea (0.001 mg/mL) and S. melongena (0.001 and 0.01 mg/mL) lowered these activities by more than 50%. The latter extracts exerted similar effects on their own. Thus, the preparations did not display useful cardiotonic properties against parasympathetic abnormalities in HF, and those from M. alliacea and S. melongena might even be cardiotoxic, warranting care when they are medicinally used.

Characterization of Bioplastics from Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) Starch and Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) with Glycerol Plasticizer

Research on the synthesis of bioplastic from breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) starch and carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) has been successfully carried out with the addition of glycerol. Samples are conducted by varying the glycerol concentrations (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) at 60oC, respectively. The bioplastic product was tested using tensile strength, elongation, water content absorption, biodegradability, and Fourier transform-infra infrared (FT-IR). The tensile strength properties from bioplastic result evaluated is 34.26 N/mm2. The elongation at break of bioplastic is found at 21.4%. Water content results from bioplastic of 44%. Biodegradability study that bioplastics of 20% in 32 days. Correspondingly, the FT-IR confirmed the functional groups of bioplastics from breadfruit starch and CMC with glycerol.

Development Strategy Analysis of Breadfruit Agribusiness in Bone Regency

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) has been recognized by Indonesian as an alternative food source that is rich in nutrients. The production of breadfruit in Bone Regency has shown a stable trend with a fairly consistent increase over the last five years. The purpose of this research is to analyze the development strategy of breadfruit Processing Agribusiness in Bone Regency. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied to formulate the most effective strategies for breadfruit processing business development. The research was conducted by involving informants from various backgrounds such as processed breadfruit farmers in Bone Regency, breadfruit traders and businessmen from processing subsystem, government and agricultural extension workers. From the result of the analysis it can be identified that in order, efforts to increase the production and quality of breadfruit, development of marketing areas, optimization of natural resources, human resources, and existing equipment are important elements in the breadfruit development strategy in Bone Regency, South Sulawesi. increasing the production and quality of breadfruit holds the highest rank with a value of 0.1517 as a priority in encouraging stakeholders to innovate and optimize available market opportunities. By considering these factors, the government can form policies that support the sustainable growth of breadfruit agribusiness.