Breadmaking Properties Of Flour Research Articles

Physicochemical and Bread-making Properties of Flours from Sweet Potatoes with Different Flesh Colours

Flour was prepared from Korean sweet potatoes (SPs) with different flesh colours (white, yellow/orange, and purple) and evaluated for physicochemical and pasting properties and their partial substitution for bread-making. SP tubers were soaked in sodium metabisulfite solution (anti-browning agent) and subjected to hot air drying, followed by grinding. SP flours with different colours showed variations in chemical compositions, especially amylose, dietary fibre, and starch contents. Yellow/orange-fleshed SP flour had the highest content of total carotenoid (5.26 mg/100 g) among all SP flours. The highest total anthocyanin content (59.92 mg/100 g) was reported for purple-fleshed SP flour. Water absorption index (WAI), water solubility index (WSI), and an oil absorption of purple-fleshed SP flour were 1.63 g/g, 25.59%, and 187.21%, respectively, and relatively higher than those of white or yellow/orange-fleshed SP flour. Wheat flour was substituted with SP flour in bread at 10-30% level. The increase in the proportion of SP flour resulted in a significant decrease in loaf volume, and maximum reduction in loaf volume was reported for the bread containing purple-fleshed SP flour. However, SP flour may serve as a substitute for wheat flour at levels up to 10% without causing any deteriorating effects on the overall bread quality. Therefore, coloured SP flour could be useful in the bread-making industry to improve the nutritional value of bread.

Responses of wheat yield, quality and bread-making properties on the sulphur fertilization

ABSTRACTThis study presents a versatile influence of sulphur (S) application on winter wheat – beginning with the influence on the grain yield and primary quality indices, followed by the one on the bread-making properties of flour and dough, and ending with the one on the quality indices of baked products. Field experiments were conducted at two locations on haplic Luvisol and calcaric Cambisol during five years. S was given as NS-fertilizers on the background of N100 during wheat tillering. Flour and dough properties for bread-making were determined by using a farinograph Brabender. The baking tests were carried out in laboratory conditions. The influence of S on the grain yield and quality, and bread-making properties of wheat depended on the year and location. As the average of field experiments conducted at two locations, the application of S significantly increased the grain yield (r = 0.960). The increasing yields were accompanied by decreasing contents of wet gluten (r = 0.825). However, the significant positive (r = 0.938) effect of the S application on the Gluten index was revealed, which is a good predictor of the baking quality of wheat flour. The S addition by nitrogen fertilization resulted also in a positive shift of the N:S ratio in grains, which is better for the bread-making quality. The significant positive effects of the S application on the dough stability time (r = 0.898) and on the farinograph quality number (r = 0.917) were demonstrated. The loaf volume was significantly (r = 0.842) increasing under the influence of S. Thus, the application of S in parallel with increasing yields improved several bread-making parameters of wheat.

Effect of Gaseous Acetic Acid Treatment on Breadmaking Properties of Flour

ABSTRACTEleven different wheat flours of varying protein content were treated with gaseous acetic acid. Each wheat flour exhibited maximum breadmaking properties (bread height and specific volume) at different levels of gaseous acetic acid treatment. There was a relationship (r = +0.7384) between the level of gaseous acetic acid treatment required for maximum breadmaking properties and the protein content of the wheat flour. Wheat flours with higher protein contents were more resistant to the decrease in pH value due to acetic acid treatment.

The natural ageing of flour

AbstractSince 1951 untreated and commercially treated flours of different extraction rates have been stored under temperate conditions for eight‐month periods and periodically examined to ascertain the naturally occurring change in baking quality. Doughs were tested by physical methods and other data associated with flour testing obtained. An increase in flour water absorption required to make doughs of normal consistency was observed which in part can be explained by drying out of the flour on storage. A slight toughening in doughs prepared from the earlier untreated flour was evident and was associated with some improvement in bread quality up to storage periods of about 4 months. The change, however, was very much less than has generally been supposed and in no case was it comparable in extent to the improvement in flour produced immediately by commercial gaseous and/or powder treatment. The slight natural toughening of the doughs from treated flour was in some cases detrimental to bread quality. No significant change in the breadmaking properties of flour could be detected during the first few days after milling.

An Experimental Study of the Effect of certain Organic and Inorganic Substances on the Bread-making Properties of Flour and on the Fermentation of Yeast

An Experimental Study of the Effect of certain Organic and Inorganic Substances on the Bread-making Properties of Flour and on the Fermentation of Yeast