Branching Units Research Articles

Implementasi Program Wakaf Di Unit Cabang Act Duri

The existence of ACT in Duri, Bengkalis Regency, is a global humanitarian organization based on voluntarism. In implementing the institution, there are several waqf programs, including renovation of houses of worship and drilled clean water wells for the needs of and helping the poor in the Duri area. This research was conducted with a descriptive approach, namely, interview, observation, interview, and referring to journals related to this research. In this case, it becomes the research subject: Implementation of the Waqf Program while being the object of research at the ACT Duri Branch Unit. The presence of ACT Duri Branch provides a new phenomenon in accommodating the hopes of the community in issuing their assets in the form of waqf, both cash waqf, assets, land, livestock, businesses that have enormous beneficial value for the welfare of the ummah. The programs promoted by ACT Duri Branch focused on renovating houses of worship and drilling wells. The bore well program is implemented to address the educational needs of the pesantren children and the pesantren's surrounding communities who are in dire need given that the clean water conditions in Duri are very uneven and where clean water is located. In this condition, ACT Duri is taking steps to make drilling wells the flagship waqf program in the Duri area.

Pengaruh Ethical Climate, Personal Cost Dan Pemberian Financial Reward Terhadap Niat Melakukan Whistleblowing

This study aims to examine the influence of ethical climate, personal cost and the provision of financial rewards on whistleblowing intention. This research is quantitative research. The population in this study were employees of PT. Pegadaian (Persero) Padang Area. The sample in this study was taken using purposive sampling, namely 37 samples. The data collection method used is a survey method in the form of a questionnaire which was delivered directly to each Pegadaian Branch Unit. Data processing performed using SPSS. The results of this research indicate that ethical climate-egoism does not have a significant negative effect on whistleblowing intentions (sign 0.512). Ethical climate-benevolence does not have a significant negative effect on whistleblowing intentions (sign 0.284). Personal cost does not have a significant positive effect on the intention to do whistleblowing (sign 0.054) Ethical climate-principle has a significant positive effect on the whistleblowing intention (sign 0.047). Giving financial reward has a significant positive effect on whistleblowing intention (sign 0.009).

Efficiency of Cold Generation Cycles using Various Refrigerants

A comparative analysis of the use of energy-efficient ozone-friendly transitional and promising refrigerants in refrigerating units in various industry branches was carried out using a simple one-stage cycle and a two-stage cycle with an economizer as examples. Recommendations for the rational use of refrigerants in refrigeration systems for cooling and thermostatting various objects are given.

Size-dependent phase separation and thermomechanical properties of thermoplastic polyurethanes

Over the years, the manipulation of polymer microphase separation associated with molecular architectures has been holding great promise for rendering structure-property relationship. A series of poly (urea/malonamide) dendrons bearing rigid adamantanes in the periphery were developed to serve as branching hard segments (HS) for thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) either in end-capping or pendant manner. Thermal properties, crystalline structures, and mechanical properties of the TPUs were investigated by DSC, X-ray scattering, and DMA, respectively. The introduction of the branching units with bulky adamantanes would expectedly hinder the crystallization of HS. Intriguingly, the dendrons not only accelerate the crystallization of the soft segment (SS, based on polycaprolactone polyol (PCL)), but promote the phase separation between HS and SS to form distinct microdomains as well. These enhanced effects revealed a size-dependent relationship with growing size (or generation) of the branching HS. With the high SS crystallinity that can freeze the chain mobility and the robust HS domains that work as the physical crosslinking points, the resulting TPUs incorporated with adamantane-bearing units show superior shape memory behaviors. This work demonstrates that the molecular engineering on the architectures can significantly tailor the microstructures and properties of thermal plastic polymers.

Compliance of the AmilZakat Institution as a Form of Accountability Accounting

This study aims to determine the compliance of amil zakat institutions in financial management (accountability) in terms of the background of the financial manager. The research method uses descriptive qualitative analysis with a multiple case study model of national amilzakat institutions that have zakat distribution in Madiun and are members of the Madiun Regional Zakat Organization Forum (FOZDA), namely BAZNAS, LMI, LAZISMU, Yatim Mandiri, BMH, Global Zakat, Nurul Hayat and Dompet Duafa. Data collection using in-depth interviews, observation and documentation to informants at each institution. The results of this study indicate that the understanding of accounting, financial reports and the applicable standards of the financial staff of the amilzakat institution is different, which is due to the educational background, years of service and position of the institution in Madiun, whether as a branch office, unit or outlet. However, office governance, finance, management and human resources in institutions can work together, so that the compliance of the amilzakat institution in carrying out accounting (accounting) which produces output in the form of financial reports can run well, as a form of transparency and accountability to donors.

Dendrimers Chemistry and Applications: A Short Review

Dendrimers, also known as cascade molecules, arborols, cauliflower or starburst polymers. They are monodisperse, symmetrical, macromolecules with tree like 3D-architecture consists of end-groups, central core and branching units associated to periphery and possess extremely constraint size, topography and surface characteristics like density, backfolding, intrinsic viscosity, light harvesting property, photophysical properties that are fairly distinct from linear polymers. Different types of dendrimers, on the basis of their different properties and associated functional groups, has been studied yet in which one of the unique group of dendrimers is dendrtic co-polymer possess two types, first are layer block dendrimers and second are segment block dendrimers. Some new types of dendrimers like IrC3, IrCl and IrF2 have been also synthesized by divergent or convergent methods of synthesis. Dendrimers have a lot of applications in different fields like nanotechnology, medical chemistry, light harvesting materials, as sensors, antibacterial and anti-microbial activity.

Room-temperature autonomous self-healing glassy polymers with hyperbranched structure.

Glassy polymers are extremely difficult to self-heal below their glass transition temperature (T g) due to the frozen molecules. Here, we fabricate a series of randomly hyperbranched polymers (RHP) with high density of multiple hydrogen bonds, which show T g up to 49 °C and storage modulus up to 2.7 GPa. We reveal that the hyperbranched structure not only allows the external branch units and terminals of the molecules to have a high degree of mobility in the glassy state, but also leads to the coexistence of "free" and associated complementary moieties of hydrogen bonds. The free complementary moieties can exchange with the associated hydrogen bonds, enabling network reconfiguration in the glassy polymer. As a result, the RHP shows amazing instantaneous self-healing with recovered tensile strength up to 5.5 MPa within 1 min, and the self-healing efficiency increases with contacting time at room temperature without the intervention of external stimuli.

Computing the Narumi-Katayama indices and its modified version of some nanostar dendrimers

Dendrimers are the highly branched organic macromolecules with successive layers or generations of branch units surrounding a central core. In mathematical chemistry, a particular attention has been given to degree-based graph invariant. The Narumi-Katayama index and its modified version of a graph G, denoted by NK(G) and NK*(G) are equal to the product of the degrees of the vertices of G. In this work we calculated the Narumi-Katayama Indices and its Modified version for some families of dendrimers such as NS1[n], NS2[n] and NS3[n]. The exact formulas of the Narumi-Katayama and Modified Narumi-Katayama indices of these dendrimers nano structures are presented in this paper.

Sustainable branched polylactides with N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine as branching units: Intrinsic photoluminescence, guest encapsulation and multifunctional additive for poly(l-lactide) plastics

Multifunctional branched polylactides (BPLAs) with N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine (BHEG) as branching units were prepared. The as-prepared BPLAs had degree of branching in the range of 5.7–9.1%, number-average molecular weight in the range of 7.4 kDa–9.3 kDa, and dispersity in the range of 1.3–1.7. The tertiary amine groups of BHEG units endowed BPLAs intrinsic photoluminescence (PL) nature with quantum yield (QY) in the range of 1.2–2.0% under the maximum excitation wavelength of 360–370 nm and the maximum emission wavelength of 439–445 nm. Oxidized BPLAs showed the maximum excitation wavelength of ca. 473 nm as well as the maximum emission wavelength of ca. 540 nm, and much higher QYs of 9.1–10.5%. The tertiary amine groups of BHEG units also endowed BPLAs guest-encapsulation capacity. The obtained BPLAs were effective multifunctional additives for poly(l-lactide) plastics, embodied with improved crystallization and mechanical properties, PL property and new functions through hosting functional guest molecules.

Structural Integrity of Vascular System in Branching Units of Coniferous Shoot

In conifers with spiral phyllotaxis, two numbers: one of the vascular sympodia and the second of cortical resin canals, define the shoot anatomic diameter. This in turn reflects the size and vigor of the apical meristem. Both numbers belong to the mathematical series, associated with the shoot phyllotactic pattern. The number of canals is one step lower in a series than the number of sympodia. The first one, easier to determine, automatically defines the second. Using this protocol and screening the large number of branching shoots of selected conifers, we have discovered strong correlation between orientation of vascular sympodia in the lateral and supporting branches. There was no such correlation with regard to the chiral configurations of phyllotaxis. This finding reveals the presence of special phyllotactic compensation in the case of differences in anatomic diameter of the parental and lateral shoot under the imperative of maintaining the sympodia orientation within one branching unit. Phyllotaxis of the axillary apex is evidently not established at random but adapted to the condition of the subtending axis. The monopodial, regularly branching shoot of conifers is an attractive example of biological system, which is not a sum of independent, iteratively formed units. Rather, it appears to be an entity organized on hierarchically higher level, which emerges from coordination of developmental processes in a population of the units.

Computation of bond incident degree (BID) indices of complex structures in drugs

The molecular topological descriptors are the numerical in-variants of a molecular graph and are very useful and efficient to predict their bioactivity. Dendrimers are highly branched organic macro-molecules with successive layers or generations of branch units surrounding a central core and have many applications in biology, medicine and drug designs. These are key molecules in nanotechnology and can be put to good use. A great variety of such indices are studied and used in theoretical chemistry and pharmaceutical researchers. Among them, a large number of indices depend only on vertex degrees of the molecular graph. A considerable amount of these vertex-degree-based topological indices can be represented as the sum of edge contributions of graph. These kind of vertex-degree-based topological indices are known as bond incident degree (BID) indices. In this paper, we determine the bond incident degree indices of complex structures in drugs called nanostar dendrimers and compute the closed formula for these indices.

Molecular Irregularity Indices of Nanostar, Fullerene, and Polymer Dendrimers

Dendrimers are highly branched organic macromolecules with successive layers of branch units surrounding a central core. Some properties like toxicity, entropy, and heats of vaporization of these dendrimers can be forecasted using topological indices. The present article is devoted to study of irregularity indices of three well-known classes of dendrimers, namely, nanostar dendrimer D[p], fullerene dendrimer NS4[p], and polymer dendrimerNS5[p], where p is the step size. We also see the relation of irregularity of these dendrimers on the step size graphically.

Penanganan Surat Masuk Dengan Aplikasi Dropbox Untuk Efektifivitas Komunikasi Internal di Era Digital

The rapid development of technology in the digital era is driving changes in the way things work from manual to computerized. Changing the platform to computerization in administration is very helpful for companies, one of which is in cloud computing-based data storage through the use of the Dropbox application. The approved technology will provide benefits consisting of costs incurred, approved operational, and optimization of resources for the company. The purpose of this research is to study the process of implementing incoming mail and distributing mail using the Dropbox application and the benefits that come after distributing mail using the Dropdox application. The research method used is descriptive discussion. Data collection techniques carried out by observation, interviews with branch unit secretaries, and literature studies from books, journals, and documents relating to the discussion of research. The results of the study show that research and distribution of incoming mails using Dropbox conducted by BPJS Employment Cimahi in the digital era is currently facilitating work processes and internal communication between employees and encouraging new goals for companies that can be used quickly.

Coral carpets- a novel ecological engineering tool aimed at constructing coral communities on soft sand bottoms

Hard bottom substrates that are the hallmark property of the coral reefs can be expanded by transforming sedimentary areas into engineered reefs. Testing this rationale, we developed here two preset coral-carpet prototypes (‘coral sods’; 6 units, each 7.5 m2), one containing branching species and one with both coral forms (mixed-units) that were transplanted on a soft bottom area, containing 10 coral species (five branching, five massive; 354 ramets from 30 genotypes and 181 whole-colonies). Ramets from branching genotypes were distributed in central and peripheral coral-sod locations, whereas all massive colonies were put in central locations. The ‘coral sod’ carpets were set-up at the Eilat, Red Sea nursery, held in place for 2–8 months, then transplanted into a highly hostile soft-bottom area (15 m depth) and monitored for up to 17 months. Results revealed high survival rates for corals in the peripheral/center positions (80–100%; most combinations). A fast increase in ecological volume (EV) was recorded during 447 residency days, up to 112% in EV for Acropora variabilis mixed-units in the peripheral position. There was no statistically significant difference between treatments and sod's locations, except for the Pocillopora. damicornis branching/mixed treatment. At day 514, corals' aerial coverage has increased from 50% at onset to 67.3% for the branching units and to 61.5% in the mixed-units. Larvae released from transplanted Stylophora pistillata corals outperformed those of natal colonies in the two following reproductive seasons, significantly higher in the first reproductive season when compared to the second. Coral recruitment (day 485) was up to 4 times higher in the centers compared to the peripheries, in both coral-sod types. Using gypsum sticks dissipation, we recorded reduced water velocities at lateral and uppermost colonial architectures and in the coral sod centers as compared to peripheries. These results reveal the first steps for improved ‘coral sod’ units aiming to shape sandy tropical areas into flourishing coral reef sites.

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ENGLISH TERMS STRUCTURE IN ARCHITECTURE AND CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

The article deals with structural typology in architecture and construction terminology. Modern linguists pay great attention to the study of terminological units in different branches of industry in modern world. The rapid growth of terms number in architect and construction requires its study, description and systematization. The current body of research provides clear evidence of much attention being paid to the architecture and construction industry itself, and its terminology in particular. The task of the research was to compare the structural features and identify the quantitative ratio of components in architecture and construction terms. Consequently, the object of research was the English terminology of architecture and construction industry, and the subject concerned the structural peculiarities of the English architecture terms. English samples of architecture and construction terms from internet resources have been analysed. Structural peculiarities of English architecture and construction terms have been studied and defined by the methods of comparative and structural analysis.

Synthesis and characterization of star-shaped sulfonated new poly(ether triazole)s: Proton exchange membrane properties

Several star-shaped sulfonated poly(ether triazole)s abbreviated as PTAPSH-XX was prepared by Cu (I) catalyzed click polymerization of a mixture of a new tri-azide monomer namely, 4,4-tris[3-trifluoromethyl-4(4-azidophenoxy)phenyl]biphenyl (PGZ) (B3) and 4,4′-diazido-2,2′-stilbene disulfonic acid disodium salt (DADSDB) with an equimolar amount 4,4′-(propane-2,2-diyl) bis((prop-2-ynyloxy)benzene) (BPEBPA). The degree of sulfonation of the prepared copolymers was varied by changing the molar ratio of DADSDB in the polymer feed. The monomer and copolymers were characterized by FTIR and NMR spectroscopic techniques. The salt form of the branched copolymers was converted into flexible membranes by solution casting technique using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent and was converted to their acid form by acidification in 1.5 M H2SO4. The introduction of the branching unit largely governs the physicochemical properties and proton conductivity of the membranes. The polymers displayed desirable set of properties required proton exchange membrane applications like high thermal stability (Td10 ~ 259–290 °C), low water uptake and excellent dimensional integrity. The membranes also displayed improved mechanical properties (TS = 51 to 73 MPa, YM = 2.07 to 2.37 GPa), enhanced oxidative stability and high proton conductivity (44 to 102 mS cm−1 at 80 °C). The TEM images of the PTAPSH-XX membranes revealed excellent phase segregated morphology with the formation of ionic clusters within 15 to 90 nm.

Characterization of the secondary structure and order–disorder transition of a β-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-glucan from Aureobasidium pullulans

This study revealed the secondary structures of the water-soluble Aureobasidium pullulans β-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-d-glucan (APG) whose primary structural unit is a β-(1 → 3)-d-glucan backbone with four β-(1 → 6)-d-glucosyl branching units every six residues. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments involving samples prepared from lyophilized APG showed that APG forms a triple helix in H2O and a random structure in DMSO. In addition, it was revealed that the transformation from the triple helix of APG to the random structure occurs reversibly, and that the triple helix is recovered from the random structure in DMSO/H2O mixtures containing more than 30% H2O. Solid-state NMR and diffraction studies revealed that the triple helix of APG is more stable than that of schizophyllan (SPG) whose structure comprises a β-(1 → 3)-d-glucan backbone with one β-(1 → 6)-d-branching unit every three residues. The APG helical pitch is 1.82 nm, which is about 10% longer than that of the triple helix of SPG. These findings show that the β-(1 → 6) side-chain frequency strongly affects the stability and helical pitch of a β-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-d-glucan.

Design and Visualization of DNA/RNA Nanostructures from Branched Oligonucleotides Using Blender Software

Recently, three-dimensional nucleic acid nanostructures have attracted great interest, which have been made available through the DNA origami technique. We have proposed a different way of constructing nucleic acid nanoobjects, namely, template-directed assembly employing branched oligonucleotides as templates and building blocks, which include nonnucleotidic linkers, particularly, branching units for connecting three or more oligonucleotide chains. For the design and 3D modelling of such nanostructures as DNA tetrahedron, DNA cube and DNA fullerene C24, we have used Blender software. As we found, Blender not only allows one to visualize complex DNA and RNA nanostructures, but also helps to choose the parameters for their synthesis.

Optimal communication frequency for switching cabled ocean networks with commands carried over the power line

Cabled ocean networks with tree or ring topologies play an important role in real-time ocean exploration. Due to the time-consuming need for field maintenance, cable switching technology that can actively switch the power on/off on certain branches of the network becomes essential for enhancing the reliability and availability of the network. In this paper, a novel switching-control method is proposed, in which we invert the power transmission polarity and use the current on the power line as the digital signal at low frequency to broadcast information with the address and commands to the network, and the corresponding branching unit (BU) can decode and execute the switching commands. The cable’s parasitic parameters, the network scale, and the number of BUs, as the influencing factors of the communication frequency on the power line, are theoretically studied and simulated. An optimized frequency that balances the executing accuracy and rate is calculated and proved on a simulated prototype. The results showed that the cable switching technology with optimized frequency can enhance the switching accuracy and configuring rate.

Modeling and simulation of constant current converter in energy branch unit

As an important part of electric energy branch unit, constant current converter has the characteristics of simple structure and high efficiency. In this paper, a constant-current converter used in underwater power branching unit is modeled and simulated. The model of constant-current converter circuit is established by using state space method, and the steady-state operating point of DC is calculated. Based on the model, maximum impulse current and drain-source voltage of switching transistor in constant current converter are studied. The simulation test of constant-current converter is carried out by Saber simulation software. The results show that the circuit efficiency can be maintained above 90% while the reliability of the converter is guaranteed, which provides a theoretical basis for the analysis and research of efficient and reliable underwater power branch units.