Boy Scouts Research Articles

The Student Affairs Management by Educational Institution Administrators under the Jurisdiction of the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office

Background and Aims: The objectives of this research are as follows: 1) to study and compare student affairs administration of educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position Education level and the size of the educational institution. 2) To compare student affairs administration among educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position education level and the size of the educational institution. And 3) to study guidelines for developing student affairs administration among educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Methodology: The sample in this research consisted of 331 school administrators and teachers. The sample size was determined according to Krejci and Morgan's table. Using the stratified random sampling method. The research tools consisted of a questionnaire with 5 rating scales and an interview form. Which has a consistency index between 0.80 - 1.00 and a confidence value for the entire questionnaire equal to 0.89. For data analysis, statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used, as t-tests and F-tests. Results: The results of the research found that: (1) the level of student affairs administration of educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Overall and in each aspect are at a high level. (2) Comparison of opinions regarding student affairs administration among school administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office. Classified by position Education level and the size of the educational institution It was found that overall and in each aspect there were no differences. (3) Guidelines for promoting the development of student affairs administration for educational institution administrators under the Bueng Kan Primary Educational Service Area Office, consisting of 6 areas: 1) promoting guidance activities in educational institutions, 2) promotion of health, sports and recreation, 3) promotion of boy scouts, girl guides, and red cross youth activities, 4) promotion of democratic activities and student discipline, 5) promoting and developing student councils to strengthen student and youth organizations in educational institutions; and 6) promoting the protection of children's and youth's rights. Conclusion: According to the findings, Bueng Kan school administrators perform well in all aspects of student affairs administration, with no significant differences based on position, education level, or institution size. It also outlines six key strategies for improving student affairs: promoting guidance, health, and recreational activities, developing leadership skills through scouting and democratic initiatives, strengthening student councils, and protecting children's rights.

Child Sexual Abuse and Boundary Violating Behaviors in Youth Serving Organizations: National Prevalence and Distribution by Organizational Type.

Many youth serving organizations (YSOs) implement child sexual abuse (CSA) prevention strategies. We examined the potential impact of those strategies by retrospectively estimating the prevalence of CSA and boundary violating behaviors experienced in five broad organizational settings: organized sports, religious organizations, music or arts programs, K-12 schools, and the "Big 6 settings" (i.e., 4-H, Big Brothers Big Sisters of America, Boys and Girls Clubs of America, Boy Scouts of America, Girl Scouts of the USA, and the YMCA of the USA). We compared victimization rates between nationally representative cohorts of younger adults (age 18-22; N = 3174) and slightly older adults (age 32-36, N = 3237). Across all participants and settings, 3.75% (n = 363) experienced CSA in YSOs. Among survivors, younger adults reported experiencing a lower proportion of CSA within Big 6 settings than older adults (29.1% vs. 44.5%; p < .05), suggesting that prevention efforts may be having the desired effects in Big 6 settings.

How Children Stop Adult Perpetrators From Unwanted Touching Within an Institutional Setting: Termination Patterns During Sexual Contact Stage.

This qualitative study analyzes victims' narratives of male-on-male child molestation within the Boy Scouts of America. The focus of previous literature on sex crime victims mostly centered on how to avoid sex offenders based on the offenders' behaviors and effective victims' treatment plans to alleviate their posttrauma as a result of sexual abuse. Yet studies have not provided detailed descriptions of when and how to resist sexual advances to children when such incidents are in progress within youth-oriented institutions. Few have examined victim narratives to discover the dynamics of child molestation, such as physical and verbal interactions between the two parties while sexual touching is occurring. The author used victims' narratives to identify how boy victims responded to unwanted sexual advances by scout leaders within the Boy Scouts of America. Based on qualitative-oriented analysis, this study presents verbal and physical resisting patterns of male victims and the effectiveness of such actions in terminating sexual advances. The findings suggest practical and potential intervention strategies so children know how to stop adult perpetrators from developing unwanted touching within youth-centric institutions.

Untangling purpose: examining the nuanced influence of personal meaning and beyond-the-self orientation on youth mental health in unprecedented times

ABSTRACT This modified sequential explanatory mixed methods study explores how the components of purpose (personal meaningfulness and a beyond-the-self orientation) impact youth mental health outcomes (depressive and anxiety symptoms) in the context of COVID-19. We hypothesized that youth with higher scores on the components of purpose (goal-directedness, personal meaningfulness, and beyond-the-self orientation) would be less likely to experience anxiety and depressive symptoms during COVID-19. We also explored in what ways youths’ descriptions of their own prosocial behavior align with the relation between purpose and mental health. Data are from two waves of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA) Building Evidence in Scouting Together study. Quantitative data are from 4,896 youth and a subsample of 94 youth completed qualitative personal communication Results indicate the personal meaning component of purpose is protective against depressive and anxiety symptoms. However, the beyond-the-self orientation of purpose is associated with higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms. In addition, differences were found between youth who reported higher and lower levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and personal meaning and a beyond-the-self orientation for the following themes: 1) Empathy for others, 2) Desire to change the situation, 3) Solutions to change the situation, 4) Helping at home, 5) Following health advice, and 6) Scouting-specific examples. Taken together, this study provides useful insights into how each component of purpose can uniquely promote or provide a buffer for depression and anxiety among youth.

Pioneer organization in Samara: from incident to sign

The article, based on previously unpublished archival sources, examines the process of organizing the first pioneer detachments in Samara, as well as their activities in 1922–1923 using the comparative historical method and microhistorical approach, methods of social constructivism, political-legal and systemic approaches. The study is based on the study of individual incidents. Firstly, the authors prove that in the early 1920-ies there were many «disorganized» children on the streets of Samara, who made up the bulk of the first pioneer detachments of the city. The pioneer movement was formed by order of the Central Committee of the RKSM, had an ideological content and was introduced «from above». In Samara, children from the streets were attracted by playing on sports grounds, singing songs, and then by the external attributes of the children’s pioneer – a flag, a red banner, badges, and drumming. Secondly, behind the apparent simplicity of the children’s attitude towards the pioneers, a significant result was hidden: along with the red tie, over time, the names of leaders and politicians, revolutionary attributes, conversations about communism, a clear organization of collective detachment activities, wall newspapers, and socialist competitions became a habit, becoming part of life. The pioneer provided children with a space of expression and independent existence – within certain boundaries, strictly prescribed in the Charter and the oath that the children took when tying a red tie. The value system of the «new man», designed by the government, has acquired a dualistic character. It combined the values of sociocentric and anthropocentric nature. Also, thirdly, due to the lack of methodological support from the party, the guidance for the instructors-counselors was provided by random books and pamphlets about Boy scouts released in pre-revolutionary times. Many of these books were taken to the pioneer organization, both on methodological and practical issues. The conclusion is drawn about the importance of these three aspects in the formation of a pioneer organization in Samara.

5 questions with: Carrie Phillips of University of Arkansas at Little Rock

Carrie Phillips is the Chief Communications and Marketing Officer at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Phillips has a Doctorate in Education from Texas Tech University. Prior to her role at UA Little Rock, she spent more than a decade in marketing at Arkansas Tech University. Active in the industry and in her community, Carrie also serves on various boards and committees, including the Council for Advancement &amp; Support of Education (CASE), American Marketing Association, Higher Education Web Professionals, and the Boy Scouts of America. She's a frequent speaker on the higher ed conference circuit.

5 questions with: Carrie Phillips of University of Arkansas at Little Rock

Carrie Phillips is the Chief Communications and ­Marketing Officer at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock. Phillips has a Doctorate of Education from Texas Tech University. Prior to her role at UA Little Rock, she spent more than a decade in marketing at Arkansas Tech University. Active in the industry and in her community, Carrie also serves on various boards and committees, including the Council for Advancement &amp; Support of Education (CASE), American Marketing Association, Higher Education Web Professionals, and the Boy Scouts of America. She's a frequent speaker on the higher ed conference circuit.

‘Making Manly Men’: Manufacturing Boyhood in the Great Outdoors and the Boy Scout Movement in British Malaya (1910–1966)

ABSTRACT In British Malaya, Scouting promoted the virtues of the Great Outdoors and opened up space for alternative views of boyhood for indigenous boys. Although Malayan boys were no strangers to being out-of-doors prior to the movement’s introduction, Scouting established an educational framework in which outdoor learning gained traction and where the Great Outdoors came to be identified as an ideal environment for cultivating a wholesome, active, and healthy boyhood. In an era where social exchanges between colonial and colonised boys were limited, Scout activities in the open-air, notably camping and hiking, fostered homosocial bonds between boys of diverse ethnic and socio-economic backgrounds in their ‘boys-only world’. Outdoor activities also nurtured the ideal of an insouciant, yet physically demanding and vigorous boyhood, where a boy’s ‘innate gang-spirit’ and ‘tendency for mischief’ were to be encouraged. In that endeavour, the Great Outdoors was conceptualised and extoled by (adult) Scoutmasters as a desirable substitute for a boy’s very own home. By harnessing newspaper sources, Scout literature, and the oral histories of former Malayan Scouts, this paper seeks to demonstrate how Scouting shaped and regulated cultural representations and understandings of the ‘Great Outdoors’ for boys’ education during the colonial era into the post-colonial present.

Scouting in Iran Amid Changing Practices of Masculinity and Childhood

ABSTRACT This article examines the Boy Scout Movement in Iran, under Reza Shah Pahlavi (r. 1925–1941) and the role it played in the formation of a new elite boyhood. I argue that the movement’s emphasis on self-reliance, masculinity, and loyalty aimed to soothe adult anxieties that stemmed from changing attitudes toward and practices of modern Iranian masculinity and childhood. These adult anxieties also derived from the conflicting hopes and fears inspired by elite adolescence as a modern phenomenon. The gradual transition from child labour, as the expected constitutive experience of adolescence, to schooling as required and ubiquitous caused these mixed public sentiments on boyhood. Alongside the desire to see independent, educated, and self-reliant youth, fears of potential political activism among young Iranians drove the state to support scouting as fostering obedience and loyalty to the Shah. The article will demonstrate how scouting sought to inculcate loyalty and obedience, in order to answer the possible challenge posed by educated, strong, teenagers – namely that of political opposition to the ruler. In this manner, scouting was perceived as an antidote to the maladies of modern masculinity and childhood in Iran and solved the problem of legitimate activities of children in the outdoors.

Gender inequality and the Irish Revolution: the girls of Na Fianna Éireann, 1911–22

ABSTRACT Girls have been overlooked or under-considered within the historiography of Na Fianna Éireann, the Irish nationalist youth organisation co-founded by Countess Markievicz in 1909 as an alternative to the Boy Scouts or the Boys’ Brigade. The purpose of this article is to shed light upon these girls and their activities, situating them within the wider context of the gendered nature of uniformed youth groups in the early twentieth century. In so doing, the article highlights the gender inequality at play within the Irish nationalist movement during the era of the Irish Revolution. Adolescent girls formed a controversial and marginal minority within the membership of the Fianna in the cities of Belfast and Waterford in the period 1911–18. The involvement of Belfast Fianna girls in such activities as military drill, camping and gun smuggling challenged the gender conventions of the time. Girls also provided support services to Fianna units during the period 1918–22. In both cases, these girls have received little recognition of their contributions or the risks they ran through real or perceived association with what had become an overtly republican youth group designed to mould a new generation of activists in the struggle for Irish independence.

Contested Heritage in South Africa: Perspectives from Mahikeng

Mahikeng, the seat of the Ngaka Modiri Molema District and capital of South Africa’s North West province, has identified tourism as an economic driver based on cultural heritage related to Batswana, Boer, and British contestation. However, the colonial heritage is underutilised as visitors come to Mahikeng (formerly Mafeking) in search of experiences relating to the siege of Mafeking, the Anglo–Boer War, and the origins of the Boy Scouts movement but leave disappointed. This heritage has been downgraded in democratic post-apartheid South Africa as there is an agenda that seeks to highlight African cultural heritage, particularly relating to the anti-apartheid struggle. This formerly suppressed cultural heritage needs to be promoted as it is crucial to South Africa’s history, identity, and social cohesion. However, other heritages that are also important are falling by the wayside with the result that the country’s diversity as the ‘rainbow nation’ is being eroded, and heritage tourism opportunities, which could prompt Local Economic Development (LED), are missed. A more critical engagement with the colonial heritage by including African perspectives, critiques, interactions, and roles within the narrative is needed.

A Deeper Look at the Boy Scouts of America "Perversion" Files: Structural Factors Related to Access and Abuse.

The Boy Scouts of America's (BSA's) Ineligible Volunteer (IV) files, commonly called the "perversion files," is a unique data set allowing researchers to examine organizational characteristics that allow for child sexual victimization. Despite the uniqueness of this data set, few researchers have examined it. The researchers examined a random sample of cases from the IV files of scout leaders who molested scouts. A situational crime theoretical model was employed as had been used in studies on the Catholic Church sexual abuse scandal, proving effective. The researchers examined randomly selected from 1980 to 1999. Of initially examined 400 randomly selected cases, only 140 held retrievable data. The majority of the 140 cases did not have scouting victims, which resulted in a reduction to 48 cases. Beyond the several scouting forms, many files contained public domain information, including newspaper articles, police reports, criminal justice records, and/or records of civil litigation. Through both the scouting documents and the public domain records, the researchers identified six BSA-specific characteristics that allowed motivated adult leaders to molest their victims. These characteristics included (a) weak or inefficient incident reporting system, (b) failure to collect and review pertinent information, (c) organizationally legitimate reasons for one-on-one contact, (d) volunteer imbalance, (e) legitimate reasons for separation from protective adults, and (f) social status as a prophylactic defense. These structural characteristics are explored through descriptive statistics and specific case studies illustrating the phenomena. When the history of the IV files came to light through litigation, the BSA was forced to reconcile its past actions and develop new preventive measures. The Boy Scouts of America implemented various actions to protect the youth. Many of these protections specifically address structural characteristics.

Analisis Mengenai Kependidikan pada MAS PAB 1 Sampali

MAS PAB 1 Sampali is located at Jalan Pasar Hitam No. 69 Sampali, Sampali Village, Percut SEI Tuan District, Sampali Sub-District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. This private school is part of a complex or entrance gate with several other schools. Established and operating since 1988, MAS PAB 1 Sampali also has the best and most competent educators, administrative staff, and school administrators in their field. Learning support activities, such as extracurricular activities, student organizations, study communities, sports teams, and libraries, also help students learn to the fullest. In addition, the school also focuses on instilling noble character and developing students' talents in sports, arts, and other extracurricular activities such as student council, boy scouts, and flag raising troop. The facilities at MAS PAB 1 Sampali are also adequate, including special rooms for counseling for students who need it.

Practical Christianity in Practice: Chinese Youth Culture and the Scouting Movement as Seen by British Missionaries at the Griffith John College, Hankou, 1915–1925

ABSTRACT This article, which highlights the religious origin of early Chinese scouting, scrutinises the connections between scouting, Christianity, and cultural exchange in early twentieth-century China. It provides insight into the history of Chinese youth by examining how British missionary scoutmasters, highly critical of Chinese parenting, introduced an alternate model of adolescence with a ‘civilising’ mission at Griffith John College – a mission school founded by the London Missionary Society in Hankou for Chinese male adolescents. This article contends that Chinese scouting was initially designed as an effective means to practice Christianity in evangelical ministries which equipped Chinese scouts with ‘fine virtues’ – elements that shaped them to become ‘good citizens’ and help them ‘overcome’ superstitious social customs. Apart from studying the role of scouting in China, this article also examines the effects of Christian missions on Chinese society in the cultural exchange influenced by the ‘civilising’ perspective that upheld by missionary scoutmasters. The cultural imperialism inherent in scout training hindered the development of a thorough Chinese citizenship at the national level. But the ways foreign evangelists educated their boy scouts did bring some positive impacts on Chinese youth culture, enlarging the scope of Christian missions to different possibilities and creative potential in cultural interaction between the colonisers and the colonised.

Radical Democratic Citizen-Subjectivity: Scouting and Storytelling in Our Time

Abstract: This essay explores how the figure of the good citizen might be reimagined in terms of a citizen-subjectivity that is up to the demands of our times (neoliberalism, climate apocalypse, and rising authoritarianism). Theorizing “citizen-subjectivity” as a way-of-seeing-and-being in power/knowledge relations, we engage recent work by Donna Haraway and William Connolly to explore potential figures of radical citizen-subjectivity, focusing on the figure of “the scout.” In conversation with Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, Grrrrl Scouts and honey bee scouts, we argue for the need to tell tales of the body politic differently, in form, content, and cast of characters.

The Rediscovered 20th Century Boy Scout Dust Jacket Artwork of New Jersey Pulp Artist Chris Schaare

Christian Richard “Dick” Schaare Jr. (pronounced Shar) was arguably New Jersey’s most prolific and perhaps greatest pulp artist of the 20th century. His iconic artwork would grace hundreds of book covers, dust jackets, comic books, magazines, cigar boxes, calendars, milk cartons, and advertisements for more than 40 years from the 1920s to the 1960s. His pulp fiction artwork is well-known except for 18 dust jackets commissioned by the A. L. Burt Company for their Boy Scout fiction series books published in the mid to late 1920s. That he illustrated these dust jackets, brimming with action, adventure, and drama, has been largely forgotten by time, but they highlight his iconic pulp fiction style early in his career. &#x0D;

“Been there, done that but also not quite:” Discoveries and limitations in an evaluative, short-term, and multi-sited ethnography of the boy scouts of America

This paper reflects on the possibilities and limits of a team-based, multi-site, evaluative ethnography. In this study, a team of qualitative researchers deployed participant observation methods to assess the level of standardization and local adaptation in the training curriculum for adult leaders in the Boy Scouts of America. While the umbrella organization remained consistent over the course of the 12-months project, researchers completed intense intervals of observation in 13 different settings across the United States over the course of a year. We reflect on the benefits and challenges that fast-paced, evaluative ethnographic approaches offer for applied settings as well as insight into the complexities of team-based field work with regards to positionality, legitimacy, and relationships between researchers.

Maps and Mini-Imperialists

Children no longer reside on the periphery of studies of empire. Over the past two decades, a robust body of scholarship has demonstrated that youngsters—both as symbols and as flesh-and-blood individuals—have been crucial to the project of empire building. This is particularly true when examining the history of the United States, an empire whose central tenet was a denial of its own imperialism. Cultural constructions of childhood innocence and vulnerability bolstered justifications for U.S. political and territorial expansion in the name of uplift. And youngsters’ perceived malleability made them prime targets for efforts to mold imperial citizens and subjects. Youth groups, schools, and children’s material culture, recent scholarship has demonstrated, helped mold young imperialists—even as children themselves challenged or revised the lessons imparted by their elders. For example, Mischa Honeck’s Our Frontier is the World: The Boy Scouts in the Age of American Ascendancy examines how the Boy Scouts helped support American global expansionism across the twentieth century.1 In a similar vein, Brian Rouleau’s Empire’s Nursery: Children’s Literature and the Origins of the American Century explores how children’s books cultivated what Rouleau calls an “imperial consciousness.”2 Mahshid Mayar’s new book Citizens and Rulers of the World: The American Child and the Cartographic Pedagogies of Empire adds to this productive conversation. The book focuses on children’s complex relationship with maps and map-making during the 1890s. It examines how U.S. geopolitical power was represented spatially and how the meanings of this power were conveyed to the next generation.

An Accidental Historian

An Accidental Historian

Reflections on Leonard J. Arrington

Reflections on Leonard J. Arrington