Bottom Line Research Articles

Supplier Collaboration and Performance of Food and Beverage Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

Purpose: This study sought to evaluate explored the influence of supplier collaboration on the performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya and to find out the moderating effect of supply chain technology on the performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya.
 Methodology: The study used exploratory research design and utilized both qualitative and quantitative data in carrying out the study. This study adopted a census survey sampling which was conducted on 270 food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya registered by Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM, 2022). The target population for the research was all 270 respondents each from the food and beverage manufacturing firms. Both primary and secondary data was used, the primary data was collected using semi structured questionnaire that was administered by the researcher and research assistants. Samples of the questionnaire were pilot tested to test the reliability and validity before full scale data collection. The data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 software. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables and figures. The inferential analysis was further carried out using structural equation modelling, ANOVA and regression coefficients. The results were then presented using tables, figures, graphs and charts.
 Findings: Supplier collaboration significantly influenced performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya at both without a moderator and also using the moderating variable, supply chain technology. In the first model without moderator, it recorded a standardized estimate of 0.637 (p<0.001), indicating that as supplier collaboration increases performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms also increases. Fit indices on structural equation modelling revealed a marginal fit with a chi-square test of 216.155 with 86 degrees (P-value 0.0561). The structural path for structural equation modelling from supplier collaboration to supply chain performance remains positive and significant standardized estimate of 0.855 and p-value was 0.001<0.05. Which indicates that the variability of supplier collaboration on the performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms could be explained by 63.7% when no moderator is included and increase to 85.5% when supply chain technology is incorporated thereby indicating a stronger relationship. The other fit indices that gave a satisfactory model fit are RMR=.9019, GFI= .9774, NFI= .9164, RMSEA=.0191 and CFI=.9176 this implies that the model was fit to determine the relationship between supplier collaboration and performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya and therein make conclusions and recommendations. ANOVA, regression coefficient ant model summary (R2) were also used and indicated significance of there use all recording p-value of 0.000<0.05. 
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: While transaction cost theory used in this study was validated by offering cost reduction strategies like outsourcing, accurate order forecasting as increasing the organization bottom line. The study recommends that when creating a supplier collaboration portfolio, companies should pool suppliers with the same activities in one pool but to use technology to mop up suppliers with high asset specificity for components delivering competitive advantage. Meanwhile, suppliers with low asset specificity for suppliers with components which result to less competitive advantage needs to be managed as a separate line of engagement.

A Fuzzy-AHP Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach for a Sustainable Supply Chain of Rice Farming Stakeholders in Edu-Patigi LGA, Kwara State, Nigeria

The adoption of sustainable practices in decision making in supply chain operations among rice farmers and other stakeholders in Nigeria could be an effective tool to drive food security. The triple bottom line identifies the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of sustainability. These could be harnessed to improve the supply chain of locally produced rice, ultimately improving food security in the region. This paper adopts a quantitative method that uses 21 criteria from the three sustainability dimensions to measure rice stakeholders’ decision-making activities against sustainable rice practices (SRPs) using a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process multi-criteria decision-making approach. The findings reveal that decisions with regard to water usage, supplier diversity, and a safe working environment were ranked high, while government intervention, quality assurance, transparency, and power usage ranked low. This implies that improved performance of other stakeholders across the rice value chain such as the government and extension officers would enhance productivity and drive food security in the region.

Study of a triple bottom line perspective to reach a sustainable development model for critical minerals using financial development

This study examines sustainable development in critical minerals extraction within the CEPEA region, focusing on 13 economies. Using the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework and CS-ARDL approach, we assess economic, social, and environmental factors. Results indicate a 1% increase in financial development corresponds to a 0.14% and 0.19% short and long-term escalation in CO2 emissions. Similarly, a 1% rise in FDI associates with a 0.17% short-term and a more substantial 0.29% long-term increase in CO2 emissions. Unemployment rates link to reduced emissions, while income levels correlate with elevated emissions due to heightened consumption. Comparative analysis reveals disparate impacts across TBL dimensions, emphasizing the need for nuanced policies. Policymakers are urged to integrate stringent environmental criteria into investments, encourage green FDI, devise targeted social policies, and prioritize waste reduction and clean energy transition for responsible critical minerals extraction in the region.

Greening the bottom line: navigating legal and financial dimensions of energy digital transition in the modern economy

Greening the bottom line: navigating legal and financial dimensions of energy digital transition in the modern economy

THE NEXUS BETWEEN SUSTAINABLE VALUE CHAIN ACTIVITIES AND FINANCIAL BENEFITS OF THE SOYBEAN VALUE CHAIN SYSTEM IN THE NORTHERN REGIONS OF GHANA

Soybean is an important crop that contributes to economic freedom and food security. The study of soybean value chain is therefore important to improve on the activities of the chain actors for an overall economic gains. This paper aims to examine the nexus between sustainable value chain and financial benefits of the soybean value chain system in Ghana. Specifically, we employ the triple bottom line model to examine the soybean value chain from economic, social and environmental perspectives using sample data from Ghana. With a sample size of 300 including all actors of the value chain, our findings reveal that chain actors do not differ in their perceptions of overall financial gains that accrued to them with their involvement in chain economic activities. The findings further revealed that perceived financial sustainability of chain activities was affected by tangible financial benefits. Moreover, the results further show that chain actors’ perception of social sustainability performance was significantly affected by expected overall financial gains that accrue to them as a result of their participation in chain economic activities.

Ecological redline delineation based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services

As the bottom line of safeguarding ecological security, the term “ecological redline”, which was proposed in China, has important guidance and management value for maintaining ecological stability. The relationship between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (SDES) is a game between the supply side and the demand side of ecosystem services, reflecting the sustainability of ecosystem service functions and the harmony between the ecology and economy. Ecological redline is closely related to SDES. However, at present, the theoretical relationship between ecological redline and SDES has not been analyzed in depth, and the explanation in the “Technical Guidelines for the delineation of ecological protection redlines” (hereinafter referred to as “Guideline”) is vague. This paper analyzes the relationship between ecological redline and SDES, and further emphasizes that the delineation of ecological redlines includes the consideration of the relationship between supply and demand of ecosystem services. The difference between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESr) was used to represent SDES. A systematic method called “ecological redline delineation based on the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ERDBESs)” was proposed, including the calculation of ESr, the analysis of land use conversion, the identification of the scope of ecological protection, and the map of the ecological redline with ArcGIS. Urumqi was taken as the case city to conduct ERDBESs. The results showed that the total area of the ecological redline of Urumqi is 1826.23 square kilometers (km2), accounting for about 12.9% of the total area, in consistent with the announced ecological redline of Urumqi. The results show that the ecological redline delineation method in the Guideline actually includes the consideration of SDES, and this study provides a demonstration for it. This study regarded the ERDBESs as a feasible and rational method to delineate ecological redline and can be used as the theoretical support for the Guideline to practise ecological redline delineation based on SDES, enhancing the policy implications of the Guidance regarding the implicit logic between ecological redline and SDES.

Comparative Analysis of Sustainable Banking in Public and Private Sector Banks in Sri Lanka

Sustainable banking is still an emerging concept in the world. While different World Bank organizations interpret sustainable banking differently using different dimensions, it will contribute for the sustainability and longevity of the earth by reducing the indirect negative impacts of the banking sector generated through customer activities. In Sri Lanka, attention on sustainable banking is still emerging. Thus, the objectives of this study are to analyze the strategies used in sustainable banking worldwide, to compare sustainable practices of selected public and private sector banks in Sri Lanka, to determine the advantages of sustainable banking practices to Sri Lankan banks and customers, to determine the customer perception on sustainable banking in Sri Lanka and to provide recommendations for future development of sustainable banking concept in the country. This study was commenced from June 2021 until May 2022. World-recognized standards related to sustainable banking were reviewed and a comparative analysis in the public and private banks operating in Sri Lanka was carried out using the primary data collected by interviews with sustainability officers of banks and secondary data collected from the annual reports of banks. Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 302 retail customers and 82 corporate sector customers. Information was gathered on customer perception on sustainable banking and the benefits of sustainable banking on banks and customers through these studies. The results revealed that out of 2 public sector banks and 11 private sector banks in Sri Lanka, 9 private sector banks and 2 public sector banks showed a satisfactory level of implementation. Questionnaire surveys of customers have shown that there is low customer perception towards the concept. The awareness of the concept among retail customers and corporate customers on sustainable banking is 32.12% and 9.8% respectively. 92.1% of retail customers have responded that there are benefits from sustainable banking for customers, while 78% of corporate customers have responded that there are benefits for them through sustainable banking initiatives. As per the findings, banks could gain benefits such as a good corporate image, enhanced reputation, business growth, moving towards new eras of financing, cost reduction, managing risk using the thorough process in risk management and awards. As Sri Lanka is slowly implementing sustainable banking practices it is recommended to have a regulatory approach. Under this regulatory approach, the banks will have action plans within a specific time period to develop and implement sustainable banking practices more effectively. The requirement of a rating system/ assessing tool is highlighted in this study's recommendations and this would direct Sri Lankan banking sector for better future developments in sustainable banking. 
 Keywords: Green banking, Environmental sustainability, Triple bottom line, Customer satisfaction, Commercial banks

Optimizing closed-loop supply chain design with multi-objective demand fulfillment in a fuzzy environment using novel metaheuristic algorithm

Establishing a closed-loop system that could facilitate the reusing, renovation, and recycling of the various garbage products generated by this business could prove significant value to the particular business chains involved. A system of shipping that is mindful of the surroundings and takes accountability regarding all the relevant money, sustainable, and societal concerns. The sustainability Closed-Loop Supply-Chain Networks (CLSCN) architecture and the marketplace are brought together in the present article, which serves as the study’s primary part in the body of knowledge. As a result, an optimization with multiple objectives paradigm has been offered to arrive at their choices regarding position, allocations, and stock in relation to the challenge under consideration. The goals of the optimized model, derived from the triple bottom line strategy, are aimed at lowering overall expenditure and emissions of CO2 as much as possible while increasing the number of employment possibilities. In this study, we have proposed Hybrid electromagnetism with a genetic algorithm (HEGA) and compare our proposal with the existing methods. The obtained results show that the proposed model integrated with HEGA gives significant improvements with significant outcomes in terms of sensitivity (97%), specificity (95%), transportation cost (30%), and computational time (5.3s). This knowledge serves as a driving force behind the development of CLSN in the sector to establish a viable and affordable approach.

Assessing the predictive benefits of Waqftech smart contracts on corporate waqf crowdfunding among Malaysian enterprises

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the adoption of waqf technology (Waqftech) using blockchain smart contracts for corporate waqf crowdfunding. Despite the growing interest in Waqftech, Malaysian enterprises have not fully embraced this emerging technology because of uncertainty regarding the benefits it offers to contributors. The research incorporates two theoretical frameworks: the electronic data interchange (EDI) model for firms’ technology adoption, and the triple bottom line theory (TBL) for corporate social responsibility.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative method using a cross-sectional survey design with a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was used. Data was collected from 210 decision-makers representing small and medium-sized enterprises and analyzed using partial least squares-structural equation modeling.FindingsThe findings from this research suggest that Malaysian enterprises are influenced by both corporate and social predictive benefits when using blockchain crowdfunding, but not by environmental benefits. The adoption of blockchain smart contracts does not correlate with predictive environmental benefits because of misconceptions about the disruptive technology’s impact on biological and digital environmental preservation.Research limitations/implicationsThis research focuses on organizational behavior rather than individual users of waqf crowdfunding, and it is limited, primarily focusing within Malaysia and regions with similar waqf structures.Practical implicationsThe Waqftech framework allows innovative mechanisms for executing corporate waqf investment returns to the intended beneficiaries through the smart contracts’ platform. In addition, this study supports relevant corporate social responsibility and creating shared value technology adoption theories, including EDI and TBL. Aside from this, the study provides empirical implications for waqf management using fintech platforms.Originality/valueThis groundbreaking study focuses on creating a Waqftech model for corporate waqf crowdfunding. The results of this study are important for the development of government policies that support the use of Waqftech in charitable fundraising. More research on biological and digital environmental perspectives is proposed to foster investors’ confidence in the visibility of digital tracking and lead to swift investments in future metaverse fundraising platforms.

Healthcare sustainability in cardiothoracic surgery.

Climate change is the greatest threat to human health. Cardiothoracic patients suffer direct consequences from poor environmental health and we have a vested interest to address this in our practice. As leaders of complex high-end surgery, we are uniquely positioned to effect practical and immediate changes to significantly pare down emissions within the operating theatre, outside the operating theatre and beyond the confines of the hospital. We aim to spotlight this pressing issue, take stock of our current efforts, and encourage fellow specialists to drive this agenda. Sustainability in healthcare needs to be formalized as part of the core curriculum in surgical training and awareness generated via carbon audits and life cycle analyses. Practical actions such as reducing unnecessary equipment usage, choosing reusable equipment over single use disposables, judicious use of investigations rooted in clinical reasoning and sharing of resources across services and health systems help reduce the carbon output of our specialty. The 'Triple Bottom Line' serves as a good template to calibrate efforts that balance quality against environmental costs. More can be done to advocate for and find solutions for sustainable healthcare with cardiothoracic surgery.

Beyond Healing: Embracing the Triple Bottom Line Approach in Post-pandemic Healthcare.

A triple bottom line (TBL) encompasses economic, social, and environmentaldimensions, which provides a strategy for transforming contemporary healthcare systems. This study contextualized current TBL developments in healthcare under the spotlight of COVID-19 pandemic-related challenges and opportunities. The paper has five sections, including an introductory section that outlines the TBL concept and its relevance to healthcare. Following this, we provide an overview of the three pillars of the TBL, including its economic, social, and environmental dimensions as they relate to healthcare. This section also includes several case studies to illustrate TBL-based practices in diverse healthcare settings, focusing on how these were implemented and the outcomes and barriers to adopting such practices. In addition to showcasing current TBL practices, we review three significant challenges to TBL and highlight potential areas for future research, such as innovative practices, educational reform, and the need for the development of robust TBL metrics. The overarching conclusion is that the TBL provides a profound approach to conceptualizing contemporary healthcare to meet the urgent requirements for a more resilient, equitable, and environmentally responsible healthcare system.

An Empirical Investigation of Financial Health and Financial Performance of Logistic Companies in the United Kingdom. A Critical Analysis Pre and Post Covid-19 Era

After the pandemic, things are very different from how they were before the COVID-19 outbreak. Companies that had been performing well before the epidemic also saw their performance suffer during the COVID-19 era, especially those in the transportation industry due to the lockdown. The authors behind this paper hopes to learn more about and gain a better understanding of organizations by delving into their histories, structures, goals, challenges, solutions, and foci. To address and investigate the financial performance of logistic companies, the paper utilized a quantitative methodology. Annual audited financial statement of three logistic companies from 2013 to 2022. These include FeDex, DHL and XPO. The financial health of the selected companies is evaluated with the aforementioned criteria. While these businesses show stability, the analysis suggests that the market in which they operate is highly volatile. Increases in freight costs, tax increases, inflation, and other macroeconomic factors all contribute to this uncertainty, but well-planned improvements and emergency events also play a role. The research looked at the goals so that the audience could rest assured that the analysis was thorough and considered every angle of the organization. It's generally agreed that a company's success is measured by more than its bottom line. This research provides a thorough evaluation to aid business owners in identifying the features that set apart firms in terms of their potential for growth.

Infusion pump innovation: Embracing change for patients and bottom lines.

Within the infusion delivery landscape, significant room exists for an improved experience with more intuitive and interoperable solutions. The majority of smart infusion pumps still rely on technology developed more than a decade ago. Many Canadian healthcare institutions regularly undergo a comprehensive re-evaluation of infusion fleets, to modernize infusion delivery for patients across the country. Amid the availability of new technologies with evidence demonstrating their ability to elevate the current standards of care, this article argues for the need for healthcare systems to prepare for, and embrace, change when it comes to new technologies. Clinical informatics consultant, Helen Edwards, delves into why new technologies are needed now more than ever. She shares her experience with the Ivenix Infusion System, capturing how it can help redefine clinical workflows, reduce costs across the entire healthcare continuum, and better support patient care. She also offers insights on how to effectively introduce new technologies and cultivate an environment that is likely to be open and adaptive to the change. As the Canadian healthcare landscape continues to evolve, the proactive adoption of new technologies will be a step towards advancing the outcomes for patients and the sustainability of Canadian healthcare infrastructures.

Pengaruh Rasio Keuangan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Laba Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to collect data that demonstrates how various financial ratios affect the development of a company's bottom line. Multiple ratios are used in the analysis, such as the Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), and Net Profit Margin (NPM). This research covers the time period from 2017 to 2021 and is limited to manufacturing companies that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Eight of these organizations make up the sample size for this study. The f-test and t-test are used to examine the hypotheses, and the multiple linear regression analysis model is used for data analysis in this study. This investigation suggests that neither the Current Ratio (CR), nor the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), nor the Total Asset Turnover (TAT) significantly affects the development of profits. However, the Net Profit Margin (NPM) is found to be a highly important predictor of future profits. Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) were used as independent variables in this investigation.

Differences in corporate social responsibility implementation between Slovak and Czech companies

In recent years, corporate social responsibility has emerged as a pivotal factor for corporations in cultivating a favorable public perception. Despite this, many companies remain uncertain about the integration and rationale behind incorporating it into their core business strategies. This study aims to discern dissimilarities in implementing corporate social responsibility initiatives between Slovak and Czech companies, addressing the triple bottom line framework. This approach is a metric for evaluating a company’s achievement across three dimensions: social, environmental, and economic. The study is predicated on a questionnaire survey conducted among a sample of 180 Slovak and 180 Czech companies operating as subsidiaries of multinational corporations as typical implementers of corporate social responsibility activities in emerging economies. Following the triple bottom line framework, three distinct sets of variables were formulated to account for social, environmental, and economic activities using the Mann-Whitney U Test to ascertain statistically significant disparities between Slovak and Czech companies. The findings indicate that the surveyed companies from monitored countries exhibited no notable distinctions in environmental endeavors. However, discrepancies were discerned in economic activities, specifically relating to post-sales or post-warranty customer services, which was significant with a small effect size (0.19). In social activities, significant differences were observed concerning adherence to the principle of equal opportunities in the workplace. Based on these outcomes, it is recommended that future investigations delve more extensively into the monitored parameters within the Visegrad countries. AcknowledgmentThe paper was prepared within the project “Etika v podnikaní na Slovensku” no. 01/2022/GA FEM SPU supported by Grant Agency – Faculty of Economics and Management – Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra and internal grand of AMBIS college.

Beyond the numbers: unveiling the environmental impacts of international tourism and the role of renewable energy transition

ABSTRACT In pursuit of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 objectives for a sustainable and low-carbon future, this study examines the intricate dynamics between carbon emissions and key variables crucial to the nation's decarbonisation strategy. Grounded in the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) Theory, the chosen variables – sustainable tourism, renewable energy demand, and natural resource management – take centre stage. Applying Markov switching regime regression to data spanning 1990–2022, our findings reveal a positive association between international tourism and carbon emissions, aligning with the Tourism-induced Environmental Impact theory. Incorporating the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), our results illustrate a U-shaped relationship. Renewable energy consumption (REC) exhibits a negative impact, supporting EKC's premise that economic development and cleaner energy adoption mitigate environmental degradation. Identified as influential factors affecting carbon emissions, Economic growth and natural resource capital find theoretical backing. The second power of economic expansion positively influences carbon emissions, while the square of natural resources has a negative impact, aligning with resource scarcity theories. Granger causality estimates validate Tourism-led Growth, Resource Capital, and Emissions-led Growth hypotheses. Integrating insights from the Community-Based Tourism (CBT) and stakeholder theory, this study provides actionable insights for policymakers steering Saudi Arabia toward a sustainable, low-carbon future.

Consideration of Sustainability in Projects: A Cross-Sectional Quantitative Analysis

The consideration of sustainability in projects is one of the most critical global trends in project management today, as projects are instrumental in the sustainable development of organisations and society. In the growing literature on this topic, most studies take a qualitative approach, often based on single case studies, and quantitative studies are underrepresented. To address these limitations, this study aims to examine the extent to which different aspects and perspectives of sustainability are integrated into projects by reporting a quantitative analysis of the consideration of sustainability in 134 projects. The analysis used the Sustainable Project Management Maturity Model SPM3 to analyse the level at which sustainability was considered in the projects. The results show that, on average, sustainability is considered at a reactive level, with the desired levels of consideration on average one level higher (proactive). When considering the different triple bottom line perspectives, the economic perspective scores highest, followed by the social and environmental perspectives. The study also shows that building-related projects score higher on sustainability considerations than other project types, as do larger projects. Limitations of the study include its European focus, the relatively small sample size, and the fact that the data was collected in different locations over a four-year period, which raises the possibility of subjective differences in the evaluation of individual projects. Nevertheless, the study can be seen as a ‘wake-up call’ for project practitioners, who need to be more proactive in this regard if projects are to be the route to sustainability.

Contribution of the agricultural sector to embody Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Jambi Province

This research aims to investigate the agricultural sector’s contribution to the realization of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Jambi Province, as well as policies to increase the agricultural sector’s role in the realization of the SDGs in Jambi Province. Using a simultaneous equation model to analyze how development affects key measures of SDG achievement. The findings indicated that The contribution of the agricultural sector to the realization of sustainable economic development (SDGs) in Jambi Province has a significant effect on the reliability of the agricultural sector in the realization of sustainable economic development (SDGs) in Jambi Province. Policies that can be carried out by the government to increase the role of the agricultural sector in realizing sustainable economic development (SDGs) in Jambi Province are those that are Triple Bottom Line (TBL): pro-planet, profit, and people. Support for the agricultural sector in the form of effective policies and incentives is used as a measure of the effectiveness of sustainable development in the province of Jambi. The government must take a number of factors into account when drafting agricultural development policies.

The price of clean air – quantifying air pollution exposure in real estate decisions

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the significance impact of air quality as a contributing factor on residential property rents by applying geo-informatics to economic issues. Since air pollution poses a severe health threat, city residents should have a right to know about the (invisible) hazards they are exposed to.Design/methodology/approachWithin spatial-temporal modeling of air pollutants in Berlin, Germany, three interpolation techniques are tested. The most suitable one is selected to create seasonal maps for 2018 and 2021 with pollution concentrations for particulate matter values and nitrogen dioxide for each 1,000 m2 cell within the administrative boundaries. Based on the evaluated pollution particulate matter values, which are used as additional variables for semi-parametric regressions the impact of the air quality on rents is estimated.FindingsThe findings reveal a compelling association between air quality and the economic aspect of the residential real estate market, with noteworthy implications for both tenants and property investors. The relationship between air pollution variables and rents is statistically significant. However, there is only a “willingness-to- pay” for low particulate matter values, but not for nitrogen dioxide concentrations. With good air quality, residents in Berlin are willing to pay a higher rent (3%).Practical implicationsThese results suggest that a “marginal willingness-to-pay” occurs in a German city. The research underscores the multifaceted impact of air quality on the residential rental market in Berlin. The evidence supports the notion that a cleaner environment not only benefits human health and the planet but also contributes significantly to the economic bottom line of property investors.Originality/valueThe paper has a unique data engineering approach. It collects spatiotemporal data from network of state-certified measuring sites to create an index of air pollution. This spatial information is merged with residential listings. Afterward non-linear regression models are estimated.

Proposal for a Triple Bottom Line for Translation Automation and Sustainability

This article is both an editorial introduction to the guest-edited special issue of JoSTrans on Translation Automation and Sustainability, and a position paper in which we propose a model for evaluating the sustainable use of automation technology in translation and beyond. As grounding notions, the article reviews definitions of automation and considers the urgency of sustainability. Thereafter we propose an adaptation of Elkington’s (1997) triple bottom line, giving equal weight to evaluation based on people, planet, and performance, describing each of these elements in turn. Finally, we introduce the articles from this special issue, in which authors describe various aspects of automation technology in translation with a focus on sustainability.