Bottled Mineral Water Research Articles

Production Scheduling Based on Smart Forecasting Model of Bottled Mineral Water Products

Optimal production planning is a problem that causes product stock buildup at PT Marina. Factors that affect production planning in the company are the conditions of Demand, Safety Stock, and Production Costs. The results of the demand forecasting method chosen are the Moving Average with N = 3 and the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) = 0.05 is 68,084 boxes/period with a production cost of IDR 544,672.00/period. The Safety Stock of bottle products in the ninth forecasting period is 8076 Boxes. Based on the three factors above, an intelligent production planning model was developed using a fuzzy logic approach. The result of defuzzification of demand planning for bottle products for the ninth or three months using the Center of Area (COA) method was 59,917 Boxes. Based on the defuzzification of production planning, the total cost of aggregate production planning for the next three months using the chase strategy method is 617,235,300. 1500 ml = 17,105 boxes. Based on the aggregate planning model above, the company can schedule production and raw materials so that the warehouse’s product stock management is maintained optimally.

Applying Some of the Green Productivity Strategies to Enhance the Competitive Advantage an Exploratory Study in Some of the Mineral Water Bottling Companies in Basra Governorate in Iraq

Applying Some of the Green Productivity Strategies to Enhance the Competitive Advantage an Exploratory Study in Some of the Mineral Water Bottling Companies in Basra Governorate in Iraq

Pengaruh Kesadaran Lingkungan Dan Iklan Hijau Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk Hijau

The increasingly worrying condition of the earth requires humans to be aware of environmental damage, and one of the efforts is to buy green products. This study will examine the effect of environmental awareness and green advertising on purchasing decisions for labelled bottled mineral water. The study population amounted to 679 who were Economics Education students from public universities in Central Java—obtained a sample based on the Slovin formula 252 students. The study used the theory of consumer purchasing decisions. Validity and reliability tests were used to test SPSS 25-assisted research instruments, followed by four prerequisite analysis tests. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the effect of more than two independent variables. The result found that environmental awareness (0.000) and green advertising (0.000) positively and significantly impacted purchasing decisions for labelled bottled mineral water, with the magnitude of the effect being 48%. The results showed the importance of environmental awareness and green advertising to encourage students to make decisions to buy green products. Keywords : Environmentaal Awareness, Green Advertising, Purchase Decision, Green Product

Pemberdayaan dan Pendampingan Ekonomi Pesantren An-Nur Semanding Tuban Jawa Timur

The activities of students in Islamic boarding schools are not only about matters of worship rituals. Not only carrying out activities that include spiritual aspects such as learning the Koran, praying and others. There are other aspects that also contribute to building activities in Islamic boarding schools, namely economic activities. These economic activities are in the form of community empowerment and assistance that have an impact on the surrounding community, especially empowerment in the economic field. As done by Pondok Pesantren An-Nur Semanding Tuban. Economic empowerment here is in the form of distributing bottled mineral water. Mineral water is packaged in a container which is then labeled 'AINUR' (an acronym for Air Asli Sendang Pancur) which is a spring owned by An-Nur Islamic Boarding School located in Sendang Pancur Village, Semanding District, Tuban Regency, East Java. This is because the environment in the Islamic boarding school has abundant assets and potential water resources. In addition, human resource assistance (students) is also needed. To empower these assets and potentials, assistance is needed starting from the production mechanism to the distribution process that involves the surrounding community. Assistance is carried out using the Asset Based Community Development method or better known as the ABCD mentoring method. By using the ABCD mentoring method which includes: Preparing (preparation); Discovery (find); Dream (future dream); define (map/define assets); Design (designing/connecting and mobilizing assets/action planning) and Destiny (conducting monitoring) can be used as a basis or reference in the process of mentoring and community empowerment in developing the pesantren economy.

Father Cícero’s water: is it really for drinking?

PurposeThis teaching case aims to provide in-class discussions on the commercialization and consumption of goods in spiritual markets. This teaching case is a narrative based on facts with a fictitious plot reporting the journeys of the launch, commercialization and consumption of mineral water in bottles in the shape of Father Cícero – a religious leader in Northeast Brazil – produced by Blue Spring Mineral Water in Juazeiro do Norte’s pilgrimage spiritual market.Design/methodology/approachPrimary and secondary data sources were gathered. Two focus groups with pilgrims and semi-structured interviews with Blue Spring leaders and a local Church representative were conducted as primary data. As secondary data, a dossier was created holding content from newspapers and blogs online on the focal product and data from the company’s official website and social networks.FindingsThroughout the case, the strategies and challenges of the production and commercialization of this religiously appealing product and the consumer practices adopted by different consumer profiles are unfolded.Originality/valueThis case intends to be a useful pedagogical tool to discuss the creation, production, commercialization and consumption of goods in spiritual markets. The case allows students to experience Blue Spring’s managers’ point of view regarding the decisions of production and commercialization of the focal product. In a broad sense, this case intends to inform future marketers of the importance of balancing commercialization in religious contexts.

Utilization of Alternative Buffer Solutions for Staining Thin Blood smears by the Giemsa, Wright stain and Romanowsky method

To make a reliable diagnosis on haematological examination, it is necessary to examine further the morphology of the blood cells previously stained in the procedure for staining thin blood smears using a buffer solution with a standard pH of 6.4 to 6.8. One of the problems that may occur in the laboratory is that the buffer reagents are damaged, past the expiration date or running out, so alternative buffers are needed that are cheap, fast and easy to obtain. This study aims to evaluate the staining results from alternative buffers. Study used a quasi-experimental method, and using alternative buffers from bottled mineral water following SNI-01-0553 2006. The colour produced by some of these alternative buffers is almost equivalent to blood cells stained with phosphate buffer. The percentage of assessment results in the alternative buffer codes B, C, D, E and F compared with control (A) were 62.67%, 92.00%, 82.67%, 80.00% 88, 00%, and 68.00%. The use of alternative buffers for staining thin blood smears using the Giemsa, Wright stain, and Romanowsky method can be done with mineral water as an alternative buffer for sample codes C, D, E and F, while B and G cannot be used. This alternative buffer can be applied by laboratory personnel in urgent situations in limited equipment and material facilities.

Assessment of natural radioactivity in bottled mineral water from Brazil

The approach taken in the WHO Guidelines for controlling radiological hazards in public water supplies has two stages. The first is an initial screening for gross alpha and beta activity to determine whether the activity concentrations are below levels at which no further action is required; and if these screening levels are exceeded, investigation of the concentration of individual radionuclides and comparison with specific guidance levels. Mineral water is obtained directly from natural sources or by extracting groundwater, it is characterized by the quantity of mineral salts, trace elements and other constituents. The bottled water industry is present in the major regions of the world, and the population consumption has increased every year in Brazil and world, also increasing new mineral water mining sites, so it is necessary to constantly check the amount of radioactivity in mineral water. The aim of this study is to quantify the concentration of the natural radionuclides in the bottled mineral water consumed in São Paulo city. The bottled mineral water samples were purchased in a supermarket in São Paulo, with 23 different brands. The determination of gross alpha and beta activity concentration in bottled mineral water by Liquid Scintillation Counting measurement was performed using a 1220 Quantulus™ Ultra Low-Level Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer. The natural radionuclides (226Ra, 228Ra, 210Pb and 40K) were measured by gamma spectrometry, using an HPGe detector. The results obtained in this study can be used for a database on bottled mineral water radioactivity from Brazil.

Mineral water as food for bone: an overview

Water is a primary asset and contributes significantly to human health. Although water requirements vary from person to person, an intake of 1.5-2 L per day is known to guarantee proper hydration, and is essential to maintaining the body’s water balance. Water for human use includes “water” (treated or not) intended to be drinkable, used for the preparation of food and drinks, and for other domestic uses, and “natural mineral water”, meaning waters that “originate from an aquifer or from a groundwater basin, which flow from one or more natural or reamed (perforated) springs and which have specific hygienic characteristics and, possibly, health properties”. According to European legislation (Directive 2009/54/EC), mineral waters can be classified on the basis of analysis of their main chemical-physical characteristics. Natural mineral waters can also be classified into many categories on the basis of their mineral composition and principal component. Natural mineral waters are known to have many beneficial (and non-beneficial) effects on human health and several studies have explored their properties and their role in different physiological and pathological conditions. Despite concerns about possible negative effects due to the plasticizers and/or endocrine disruptors that may be present in bottled mineral waters, their consumption is widespread. Calcium-rich mineral waters (calcium content >150 mg/L) supply excellent amounts of highly bioavailable calcium and are a very useful way of taking in calcium regularly and in a well distributed way throughout the day, without experiencing side effects; they therefore contribute to the achievement of the recommended intakes. Mineral waters can also be used as supplements to reduce the risk of deficiency of other micronutrients important for bone health such as boron, strontium and fluoride. Finally, gut microbiota is emerging as a key player in bone turnover regulation due to its ability to modulate the immune system, controlling inflammation and also influencing calcium absorption and vitamin D levels. Intestinal dysbiosis may promote bone mass loss in older people and after menopause. For this reason, the maintenance of a healthy and efficient intestinal microbiota is considered fundamental in the management of skeletal pathologies, both to prevent them and to support possible drug therapies.

Origin traceability of bottled mineral water imported into China using chemical and stable isotope fingerprints

A comprehensive study of 96 bottled mineral water (BMW) samples consisting of 21 of the most popular origins and brands sourced from China (n = 38), France (n = 20), Italy (n = 10), New Zealand (n = 17) and Fiji (n = 12) has been undertaken. The δ18O and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), δ18O and δ2H of water, mineral elements (Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sr) and ions (Cl−, SO42−, F−, CO32−, HCO3−) were investigated and used for origin traceability. The origin of BMW was confirmed by applying Fisher discriminant analysis (Fisher - DA) and artificial neural network (ANN) models to these variables. δ18ODIC, δ13CDIC, δ18O, δ2H values of BMW showed significant deviations with origin. Mineral elements and anions varied widely due to different regional geology and hydrology characteristics. A discriminant model based on Fisher-DA showed that the identification accuracy of mineral water from different origins was in the range of 81 % to 100 %, whereas the discriminant accuracy was 100 % for the training samples and 96.0 % for the testing samples calculated by ANN. HCO3−, NO3−, δ2H, δ18O and F− were the most important variables that characterized BMWs from different origins. Using a combination of stable isotopes and different water chemical components, BMWs from China can be accurately distinguished from other origins using multivariate statistical models.

Potable water generation from atmospheric moisture in coastal areas using the thermoelectric effect

Although water covers more than two-thirds of the globe’s area by a percentage of approximately 70 %, safe potable water is still scarce and therefore many countries where freshwater resources are scarce have directed to conduct many research and studies to find a suitable way to provide potable water, from this standpoint, many countries that possess coasts on the sea, including Egypt, have tended to desalinate seawater, but this method is very expensive and may be disrupted for various technical reasons such as lack of energy to operate or damage mechanical parts, and this is what happened recently in the Egyptian northern coast and the Red Sea islands. They depend on desalination plants or bottles of mineral water extracted from wells to meet their potable water needs. This article aims to solve the problem of potable water scarcity in the northern coast of Egypt, which is characterized by the high relative humidity of air in the atmosphere (60-80%) by designing a portable potable water capture device that depends on the (Peltier Effect) and takes the energy necessary to operate it from solar energy. This device can generate 2.86 L/h of fresh potable water at a temperature of 30 O C and Relative humidity of R.H = 60 %.

Geochemical Characterisation and Health Concerns of Mineral Bottled Waters in Catalonia (North-Eastern Spain)

Spain currently produces around 7000 million litres of mineral water a year, of which about 20% is produced in Catalonia, and there is a need for greater regulation and research into bottled waters and their impact on human health. A total of 29 samples were analysed from different brands of commercially bottled water, and 71 chemical elements were determined in each sample. The aim was to classify each brand based on composition, compare lithological origins, verify compliance with international standards for drinking water, and report benefits for human health. More than 60% of the samples were of the calcium bicarbonate type, had a low mineral content, and were associated with granitic aquifers, ranging from leucogranites to granodiorites. In contrast, 17% were of the sodium bicarbonate type, had harder waters, and were related to thermal springs. The thermal springs of the bottled waters from the Montseny-Guilleres massif (Vichy Catalán, Malavella, and San Narciso) emerge at a temperature of 60 °C with their own natural gas. Two samples exceeded European standards for As and Hg concentrations in water for human consumption, while one showed a concentration of U greater than that set out in international recommendations.

The effects of storage time and sunlight on microplastic pollution in bottled mineral water

AbstractThe microplastic particles (MPs) and effects of storage time and direct sunlight on the MPs in bottled mineral waters were investigated by three experiments conditions. The mean MPs concentration was 63.9 ± 38.9 MPs/L. Pellet forms, white/yellow colour and sizes < 100 μm were predominant MPs, accounted for 35.3%, 51% and 60.2% of the total MPs, respectively. Storage of bottled water under darkness and sunlight caused an increase of 1.5% and 2.5% of MPs pollution, respectively. Also, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of MPs was 2.1, 6.4 and 9.6 MPs/kg BW.day for adults, children and infants, respectively. It is concluded that high storage time and direct sunlight may lead to a greater MPs pollution in mineral water and also high human intake through drinking bottled water. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce the expiry date of the bottled mineral water and avoid sunlight contact before consumption.

Chemical quality assessment of major brands of bottled mineral water available in the Ethiopian market

Assessing bottled mineral water with drinking water guidelines set by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ethiopian Standard Agency (ESA) are highly relevant for practitioners, bottling companies, managers, regulators, and policymakers regarding water supply particularly bottled water. The present study was carried out to report the physicochemical quality of six branded bottled mineral water widely available in the Ethiopian market and compare them with drinking water standards. The investigated physicochemical parameters were pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride ion (CL - ), nitrate ion (NO3 - ), potassium (K+ ), sodium (Na+ ), zinc (Zn+ ), iron (Fe3+), calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium ion (Mg2+) using standard analytical techniques. Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) was used to determine the number of metal elements. The Ultra Violet-Visible Spectrophotometer (UV-VIS) analysis was used to determine the amount of NO- in the bottled mineral water. The TDS and CL-values were determined by using gravimetric and volumetric methods. The study results revealed that the values of the quality parameter concentrations measured experimentally were slightly varied from the labeled values on the bottle. However, all brands were within EAS and WHO limit values for drinking water. The calculated correlation coefficient between the bottled water and the soil sample, between some dissolved solids and the TDS concentration in bottled mineral water, and between TDS and the pH concentration in bottled mineral waters was 0.99, 0.77 and 0.94, respectively. The study also verified that all the studied bottled water brands are safe for human consumption.

Pelatihan Berkarya Recycle Art untuk Mewujudkan Siswa Kreatif di SMP PGRI 13 Gondangrejo Karanganyar

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN">The realization of creative students is one of the learning objectives carried out in schools. Students become creative when faced with contextual problems in school. The problem of plastic waste at SMP PGRI 13 Gondangrejo Karanganyar encourages school residents to choose creative solutions by using plastic waste mineral water bottles to manufacture recycled artworks that are charged with creativity. This activity aims to increase students' creativity in creating recycled art using plastic waste in the school environment. The implementation of training and mentoring activities uses the lecture and question-and-answer methods to deliver theories, while the experimental method is used when practicing work. The application of this method is supported by a participation and collaboration approach from the initial stage to the end. The achievements of the activities are (1) The realization of recycled artworks in the form of various types of plastic flowers in the school garden located in front of the teacher's office so that the school environment becomes comfortable and beautiful, (2) Increasing student creativity in creating recycle art.</span></p>

Preparation and application of graphene oxide functionalized melamine-formaldehyde aerogel coated solid-phase microextraction tube

因具有良好的萃取性能,有机气凝胶已被应用于样品前处理领域,为了进一步改善其对多环芳烃类污染物的萃取能力,利用氧化石墨烯对三聚氰胺-甲醛气凝胶进行改性,制备了一种氧化石墨烯功能化三聚氰胺-甲醛气凝胶,将其作为萃取涂层涂覆到不锈钢丝表面,通过扫描电镜和X射线光电子能谱对萃取涂层进行表征,结果表明氧化石墨烯并未破坏气凝胶的三维网络多孔结构。将4根气凝胶涂覆的不锈钢丝装进一根长度30 cm、内径0.75 mm的聚醚醚酮管内,制备了一种新型的纤维填充型固相微萃取管。将萃取管与高效液相色谱联用,构建管内固相微萃取-液相色谱在线富集分析系统。以8种多环芳烃(萘(Nap)、苊烯(Acy)、苊(Ace)、芴(Flu)、菲(Phe)、蒽(Ant)、荧蒽(Fla)和芘(Pyr))作为模型分析物,评价了萃取管的萃取性能,考察了氧化石墨烯对气凝胶萃取性能的改善,结果表明萃取效率被提升至最高2.5倍。详细考察了样品体积、样品流速、样品中有机溶剂浓度以及脱附时间对于萃取效率的影响,并建立了管内固相微萃取-液相色谱在线分析方法。该法对8种多环芳烃分析物的检出限为0.001~0.005 μg/L,萘、苊烯、苊、芴的线性范围为0.017~20.0 μg/L,菲、蒽的线性范围为0.010~20.0 μg/L,荧蒽和芘的线性范围为0.003~15.0 μg/L,精密度良好(日内重复性RSD≤4.8%,日间重复性RSD≤8.6%)。研究所发展的分析方法比已报道的某些分析方法具有更好的灵敏度、更宽的线性范围和更短的分析时间,并具有在线富集和在线分析的独特优点。将该分析方法应用于常见饮用水(包括瓶装矿泉水和饮水机的直饮水)中多环芳烃的分析检测,加标回收率试验结果(76.3%~132.8%)表明该分析方法能够高灵敏、快速、准确地检测饮用水中痕量多环芳烃污染物。经过稳定性考察,发现研究所制备的固相微萃取管在实验过程中表现出良好的使用寿命和化学稳定性。

Natural Radionuclides in Bottled Mineral Waters Consumed in Turkey and Their Contribution to Radiation Dose.

Bottled natural mineral water (BMW) consumption in Turkey is increasing every year. Depending on the local geology from which the water is extracted, BMW could be enhanced with natural radionuclides. In this study, the activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in 58 BMW samples of 25 different brands marketed in Turkey were measured using a γ-ray spectrometer with high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Ra, and 40K in BMW samples were found as 0.4, 0.5, and 4.3 Bq/L, respectively. The activity concentrations of 228Ra exceeded the WHO-recommended maximum permissible limit of 0.1 Bq/L for drinking water. The annual effective dose (AED) and excess lifetime cancer risk (LCR) caused by the ingestion of each BMW sample were estimated for adults to assess radiological risks using two different scenarios based on BMW consumption rates (150 and 13 L/y). All estimated total AEDs, except for two samples, were below the guidance dose level of 100 μSv/y recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Turkish regulations for drinking water. For all BMW brands, 228Ra was found as the main contributor to the AEDs. The LCR values were lower than the acceptable value of 10–3 for radiological risks.

The Influence of Word of Mouth Communication, Consumer Motivation, and the Environment in the Decision to Purchase Bottled Mineral Water for Housewives

This study is based on the results of the researchers' observations and found word of mouth communication in community interactions, besides that consumer and environmental motivations are also seen in these interactions. This is because most of the housewives in RW 03 Celep Selatan Village are workers. Where they choose practical ways to fulfill household needs, one of which is by buying bottled mineral water. This research uses quantitative methods. The sample used was 186 housewives in RW 03 Celep Selatan using the purposive proportion random sampling method. Collecting data through the distribution of questionnaires and interviews with respondents and researcher observations. Data analysis used multiple regression based on SPSS 18.0 program. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence of word of mouth communication, consumer motivation, and the environment on the decision to purchase bottled mineral water simultaneously. Partially, word of mouth communication and the environment have a significant impact on the decision to purchase bottled mineral water. While consumer motivation does not have a significant effect partially on the decision to purchase bottled mineral water. Based on the results of the questionnaire, Cleo has 41% users, Aqua has 29% users, Club has 21% users, and Le Minerale has 7% users.

The Influence of Word of Mouth Communication, Consumer Motivation, and the Environment in the Decision to Purchase Bottled Mineral Water for Housewives

This study is based on the results of the researchers' observations and found word of mouth communication in community interactions, besides that consumer and environmental motivations are also seen in these interactions. This is because most of the housewives in RW 03 Celep Selatan Village are workers. Where they choose practical ways to fulfill household needs, one of which is by buying bottled mineral water. This research uses quantitative methods. The sample used was 186 housewives in RW 03 Celep Selatan using the purposive proportion random sampling method. Collecting data through the distribution of questionnaires and interviews with respondents and researcher observations. Data analysis used multiple regression based on SPSS 18.0 program. The results of this study indicate that there is a significant influence of word of mouth communication, consumer motivation, and the environment on the decision to purchase bottled mineral water simultaneously. Partially, word of mouth communication and the environment have a significant impact on the decision to purchase bottled mineral water. While consumer motivation does not have a significant effect partially on the decision to purchase bottled mineral water. Based on the results of the questionnaire, Cleo has 41% users, Aqua has 29% users, Club has 21% users, and Le Minerale has 7% users.

Drinking Bottled and Tap Water for Healthier Living in Volcanic Areas: Are All Waters the Same?

In most volcanic areas, the population considers the use of bottled waters as a healthier and safer option. This study aimed to (i) assess the fluoride concentrations in tap and bottled water consumed on São Miguel Island, (ii) confirm the accuracy of the labeling of fluoride levels on bottled water, and (iii) assess the fluoride daily intake and risk exposure and discuss the possible health effects in adults and children. Fluoride concentrations were measured in tap water (49 samples) and bottled water (23 samples) with a fluoride ion-selective electrode. The fluoride concentration was above the recommended limit in tap water from Sete Cidades (1.71 mg/L), in bottled waters nº 5 and 7 from category C (2.05 ± 0.04 mg/L and 2.36 ± 0.14 mg/L, respectively), and in bottled water nº 5 from category D (1.92 ± 0.03 mg/L). Fluoride daily intake in children reached a maximum value in gasified water nº 7 (0.059 mg F/day/kg). The risk assessment evidenced that all the brands with over 1.2 mgF/L might be a concern for potential non-cancer health effects, especially in adults. The most recognized brands of gasified and gasified flavored waters represent a higher risk of exceeding fluoride daily intake when compared to tap and mineral bottled waters.

Determination of potential volatile compounds in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and their short- and long-term migration into food simulants and soft drink

Head space (HS)-GC–MS was used to analyze possible migration of volatile compounds from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles for soft drinks, and a total of six compounds were identified. Next, a rapid, simple, and accurate simultaneous method was established using purge-and-trap (PT)-GC–MS, to quantify their amounts in the liquid contents after short- and long-term storage in PET bottles. Starting with brand-new PET bottles, the maximum migration of 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane into distilled water and 50 % aqueous ethanol after 2 years at 25 °C were 2.3 and 19 ng/mL, respectively. In commercially available bottled mineral water sold inside and outside Japan, we were able to detect 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane in the same way. While nonanal was also detected in some products, 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane was confirmed as the main volatile compound. Finally, the human exposure to 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane was estimated based on the per capita intake of soft drinks in Japan and the migration amount in this study.