Boron Nitride Nanoparticles Research Articles

Boron Nitride-Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Application in Rechargeable Batteries

Conventional boron nitride material is a resistant refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with various crystalline forms. The hexagonal form, which corresponds to graphite, is used as a lubricant and an additive to cosmetic products because of its higher stability and softness. Recently, various nanostructured boron nitride materials, including nanosheets, nanotubes, nanoparticles, and nanocomposites with diverse new properties, have been achieved through the development of advanced synthesis techniques as well as a deeper understanding of the properties and related applications. As nanostructured boron nitride materials exhibit high chemical, thermal and mechanical stability, the incorporation of nanostructured boron nitride materials into the key components (electrolytes, separators, and electrodes) of electrochemical systems can alleviate various inherent problems. This review article systematically summarizes the integration of nanostructured boron nitride into electrolytes, separators, and electrodes of lithium-ion, sodium-ion, and lithium-sulfur batteries. Various structures, synthesis methods, properties, and electrochemical performance of nanostructured boron nitride incorporated electrolytes, separators, and electrodes in rechargeable batteries are discussed. The challenges and possibilities for future application of boron nitride-based nanomaterials in electrochemical energy storage systems are also highlighted.

Characterization and Biocompatibility Assessment of Boron Nitride Magnesium Nanocomposites for Orthopedic Applications.

Magnesium (Mg) has been intensively studied as a promising alternative material to inert metallic alloys for orthopedic fixation devices due to its biodegradable nature inside the body and its favorable biocompatibility. However, the low mechanical strength and rapid corrosion of Mg in physiological environments represent the main challenges for the development of Mg-based devices for orthopedic applications. A possible solution to these limitations is the incorporation of a small content of biocompatible nanoparticles into the Mg matrix to increase strength and possibly corrosion resistance of the resulting nanocomposites. In this work, the effect of adding boron nitride (BN) nanoparticles (0.5 and 1.5 vol.%) on the mechanical properties, corrosion behavior, and biocompatibility of Mg-based nanocomposites was investigated. The properties of the nanocomposites fabricated using powder metallurgy methods were assessed using microstructure analyses, microhardness, compression tests, in vitro corrosion, contact angle, and cytotoxicity tests. A significant increase in the microhardness, strength, and corrosion rates of Mg-BN nanocomposites was detected compared with those of pure Mg (0% BN). Crystalline surface post-corrosion byproducts were detected and identified via SEM, EDX, and XRD. Biocompatibility assessments showed that the incorporation of BN nanoparticles had no significant impact on the cytotoxicity of Mg and samples were hydrophilic based on the contact angle results. These results confirm that the addition of BN nanoparticles to the Mg matrix can increase strength and corrosion resistance without influencing cytotoxicity in vitro. Further investigation into the chemical behavior of nanocomposites in physiological environments is needed to determine the potential impact of corrosive byproducts. Surface treatments and formulation methods that would increase the viability of these materials in vivo are also needed.

Investigations on the Nonlinear Optical Properties of 0D, 1D, and 2D Boron Nitride Nanomaterials in the Visible Spectral Region.

In recent years, boron nitride nanomaterials have attracted increasing attention due to their unique properties such as high temperature stability and high thermal conductivity. They are structurally analogous to carbon nanomaterials and can also be generated as zero-dimensional nanoparticles and fullerenes, one-dimensional nanotubes and nanoribbons, and two-dimensional nanosheets or platelets. In contrast to carbon-based nanomaterials, which have been extensively studied during recent years, the optical limiting properties of boron nitride nanomaterials have hardly been analysed so far. This work summarises a comprehensive study on the nonlinear optical response of dispersed boron nitride nanotubes, boron nitride nanoplatelets, and boron nitride nanoparticles using nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm. Their optical limiting behaviour is characterised by means of nonlinear transmittance and scattered energy measurements and a beam profiling camera is used to analyse the beam characteristics of the transmitted laser radiation. Our results show that nonlinear scattering dominates the OL performance of all measured boron nitride nanomaterials. Boron nitride nanotubes show a large optical limiting effect, much stronger than the benchmark material, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, which makes them promising for laser protection applications.

Betacoronavirus ve S. aureus'un hekzagonal bor nitrür ile etkileşimi

Investigations on advance effects of boron-containing compounds have gained attention the last decade. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles (BNNPs) on Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) by different methods. First, biological effects of different BNNPs concentrations lower than 0.5 mg/mL examined on HRT-18 (Human Rectal Tumor) for 5 days. Different concentrations of hBN mixed with BCoV in liquid, on membrane or directly on cells and examined for differences of titers or replications. And also Bacterial Filtration Efficiency (BFE) test of hBN powders coated on polypropylene fabric by spray method was applied against S. aureus. The compound was found slightly toxic on the HRT-18 cell line by live cell counting, while no remarkable morphological difference was observed. BNNPs treatment with 0.025 or 0.3mg/mL concentrations did not reduce the infective titer and create no inhibitory effect on in vitro replication. Stability of virus titer after treatment of BNNPs coated fabric also indicated no antiviral efficiency. But hBN applied fabric formed a barrier of ≥90.3%, while non hBN applied fabric formed ≥64.6% barrier. The present study demonstrate that, BNNPs alone is not a good candidate for disinfectant or drug for BCoVs, while it could be valuable to use as coated fabric in the areas needing easy sanitation especially for S. aureus.

Studies on drug carrier potential of spherical boron nitride nanoparticles in cancer therapy

Studies on drug carrier potential of spherical boron nitride nanoparticles in cancer therapy

Simple Laser-Induced Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanospheres for Enhanced Tribological Performance

Hexagonal boron nitride, as a layered material with a graphite-like structure, exhibits good mechanical, lubricating and oxidation resistance properties, and is thus expected to become one of the top choices for green lubricating oil additives. However, its poor dispersibility in oil and difficulties in preparing spherical particles when constructing hexagonal boron nitride limit its application. In this paper, spherical hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles are constructed via a simple laser irradiation method. Under laser irradiation, raw irregular hexagonal boron nitride particles were reshaped into nanospheres via a laser-induced photothermal process and rapid cooling in a liquid-phase environment. Under the optimal concentration, the coefficient of friction and wear spot diameter decreased by 26.1% and 23.2%, and the surface roughness and wear volume decreased by 29.2% and 23.8%, respectively. The enhanced tribological performance is mainly due to the ball bearing, depositional absorption and repair effect of the spherical particles. This simple laser irradiation method provides a new method by which to prepare spherical hexagonal boron nitride lubricating oil additives.

Tribological properties of hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles as a lubricating grease additive

AbstractThe friction and anti‐wear behaviours of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) nanoparticles as a lithium lubricating grease additive are being investigated under sliding conditions. The grease with 3 wt% 60 nm h‐BN particles and the grease with 1 wt% 500 nm h‐BN particles lead to 22.34% and 20.18% reductions in the wear scar diameter, respectively, although the friction coefficients slightly decrease. The boric acid H3BO3 with layer‐crystal structure produces during the friction process, and the synergistic effect of h‐BN nanoparticles and H3BO3 makes friction reduction and wear‐resistant enhancement. Furthermore, the 60 nm h‐BN particles filled in the asperity valleys of the friction surface make a rolling effect and establish a protective film, while the 500 nm h‐BN particles shield the asperity contact between friction pairs and make a polishing effect as well.

Elaboration of thermophysical performance enhancement mechanism of functionalized boron nitride/graphite hybrid nanofluids

This study mainly investigated the physicochemical characteristics of ethylene glycol/ water (EG/W) based hydroxyl-functionalized boron nitride (BN-OH) and graphite (G) hybrid nanofluids. A novel simple and efficient annealing method was proposed to have hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles functionalized to improve the synergistic role between hybrid G/BN-OH nanoparticles. Meanwhile, the dispersion stability, thermal stability, and rheological behavior of diverse nanofluids (h-BN, BN-OH, G, G/BN and G/BH-OH) were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that the G/BN-OH hybrid nanofluids demonstrate both better dispersion stability and thermal stability, as well as a lower increase in viscosity. In addition, the thermal conductivity of G/BN-OH hybrid nanofluids was increased by up to 18.05% with a concentration of 0.2 wt% when compared to the base fluid. Ultimately, the complicated theoretical mechanism of thermophysical performance augment for G/BH-OH hybrid nanofluids was reliably presented. The enhanced thermal conductivity of nanofluids may be attributed to the formation of adsorption layers and the synergistic effect of the thermal conductivity network.

Nanofiber-reinforced polymer nanocomposite with hierarchical interfaces for high-temperature dielectric energy storage applications

Flexible polymer nanocomposites reinforced by high-dielectric-constant ceramic nanofillers have shown great potential for dielectric energy storage applications in advanced electronic and electrical systems. However, it remains a challenge to improve their energy density and energy efficiency at high temperatures above 150°C. Here, we report a nanofiber-reinforced polyetherimide nanocomposite employing BN-BaTiO3 heterogeneous nanofibers as fillers, where the BN nanoparticles were embedded inside BaTiO3 nanofibers to create BN/BaTiO3/PEI hierarchical interfaces. The high dielectric constant and the geometric large aspect ratio of the BN-BaTiO3 heterogeneous nanofibers lead to simultaneously increased dielectric constant and breakdown strength of the nanocomposite over a broad temperature range. In particular, the emerging hierarchical BN/BaTiO3/PEI interfaces enable promoted density and energy level of traps for the mobile charges, which further suppresses the conduction loss and improves the breakdown strength under high temperatures, as confirmed by a combination of thermally stimulated depolarization current measurement and phase-field simulation. Finally, the nanocomposite with hierarchical interfaces boosts an ultrahigh energy density of 5.23 J cm−3 with an energy efficiency of > 90% at 150°C, which is the highest energy density reported so far in nanofiber-reinforced polymer nanocomposites and also outperforms most nanocomposites counterparts dispersed with nanoparticles and nanosheets. Our work demonstrates hierarchical interface engineering as an effective strategy to promote the high-temperature energy storage performance of fiber-reinforced polymer nanocomposites, which is of significance for their applications in high-temperature harsh conditions.

Machinability investigation of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy under dry, flood, MQL and nanofluid-MQL techniques using textured tools

ABSTRACT While machining titanium alloys, using metalworking fluids (MWFs) helps improve the tribological properties. However, its usage is restricted considering the harmful effects on health and the environment under sustainable machining. Using minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) to improve machining performance without utilising an excessive amount of cutting fluid is becoming more prevalent. Pure-MQL, however, might not be adequate for machining titanium alloys. Due to their improved heat transfer capabilities, nanofluid-based lubricants are extremely popular for use in the machining of superalloys. In this direction, the efficacy of the MQL mixture can be improved by using vegetable-oil-based cutting fluid reinforced with nanoparticles. Therefore, this study compares dry, flood, MQL and nanofluid-MQL techniques while machining Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy with textured tools. The Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) nanoparticles are added to the base fluid to develop a nanofluid-MQL mixture. Machinability indicators are analysed, namely tool wear, surface roughness, power consumption, and specific cutting energy. The outcomes showcased the efficacy of nanofluid-MQL with lower surface roughness, tool wear, and specific energy requirements compared to other conditions. It is observed that combining vegetable oil and hBN nanoparticles in nanofluid-MQL reduced friction and improved cooling in the machining interfaces.

Biomimetic Boron Nitride Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery and Enhanced Antitumor Activity.

Boron nitride nanomaterials are being increasingly recognized as vehicles for cancer drug delivery that increase drug loading and control drug release because of their excellent physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. However, these nanoparticles are often cleared rapidly by the immune system and have poor tumor targeting effects. As a result, biomimetic nanotechnology has emerged to address these challenges in recent times. Cell-derived biomimetic carriers have the characteristics of good biocompatibility, long circulation time, and strong targeting ability. Here, we report a biomimetic nanoplatform (CM@BN/DOX) prepared by encapsulating boron nitride nanoparticles (BN) and doxorubicin (DOX) together using cancer cell membrane (CCM) for targeted drug delivery and tumor therapy. The CM@BN/DOX nanoparticles (NPs) were able to target cancer cells of the same type on its own initiative through homologous targeting of cancer cell membranes. This led to a remarkable increase in cellular uptake. In vitro simulation of an acidic tumor microenvironment could effectively promote drug release from CM@BN/DOX. Furthermore, the CM@BN/DOX complex exhibited an excellent inhibitory effect against homotypic cancer cells. These findings suggest that CM@BN/DOX are promising in targeted drug delivery and potentially personalized therapy against their homologous tumor.

Fabricating Boron-Doped Nanowires­

Boron-doped nanowires have promising applications in inertial confinement fusion. Developing an effective fabrication method for boron-doped nanowires is necessary for further investigation into their use as targets. In this paper, we examine a fabrication method that maximizes wire length and boron composition while minimizing fabrication time. Two boron-containing nanoparticles—pure boron and boron nitride nanoparticles—were used as dopants for two possible wire materials: General Atomics–Carbon-Hydrogen (GA-CH) aerogel and carbon-hydrogen (CH) polymer. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates were used to imprint the materials with nanowires. This study used a five-step fabrication process: (1) synthesis of boron or boron nitride–doped CH material (polymer and aerogel), (2) heat pressing of the doped material into the AAO template, (3) etching away the AAO template, (4) solvent exchanging, and (5) drying. Various boron compositions (in atomic percent), heat pressing temperatures, and heat pressing injection depths were tested to determine the best conditions for wire fabrication. Data collected using scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy mapping demonstrated that the most successful wires were the boron nitride–doped CH polymer nanowires (7.33 at. % boron) at an injection depth of 0.3960 mm. However, the aerogel material has a greater ability than polymer to disperse the boron nitride nanoparticles, making it more ideal for nanowires. Although the boron nitride–doped aerogel nanowires were unsuccessful, the findings of this study provide promising guidance for future aerogel nanowire fabrication.

Thermal conduction network constructed by boron nitride core–shell structure with loading on silver particles

AbstractWith the performance improvement and size reduction of electronic equipment, the internal circuit power consumption increases and heat is generated too much. The accumulation of heat will affect the stability, durability, and service life of electronic equipment. Therefore, efficient heat dissipation is the mainstream thinking direction to solve this problem. This experiment uses the synergetic effect of two particles. With epoxy (EP) resin as the matrix, boron nitride nanoparticles are coated with polydopamine (PDA), and the hydroxyl group on the surface of PDA is modified with coupling agent. The sulfhydryl group on the coupling agent is combined with silver (Ag) nanoparticles, and finally the epoxy resin composite containing boron nitride‐polydopamine‐silver (BPA) core–shell structure is obtained. With 15 wt%. BPA filler, the thermal conductivity of this material is 0.275 W/mK, 1.54 times that of pure epoxy resin 0.179 W/mK. The breakdown strength is 8.931 kV/m, 1.05 times that of pure epoxy resin 8.493 kV/m. The impact strength is 4.06 kJ/m2, 1.37 times that of pure epoxy resin 2.97 kJ/m2. At the same time, the shape of this material has good customization and is expected to be applied in the field of thermal management materials.

Fluorescent Boron Oxide Nanodisks as Biocompatible Multi-messenger Sensors for Ultrasensitive Ni2+ Detection

Boron-based nanocomposites are very promising for a wide range of technological applications, spanning from microelectronics to nanomedicine. A large variety of B-based nanomaterials has been already observed, such as borospherene, B nanotubes and nanoparticles, and boron nitride nanoparticles. However, their fabrication usually involves toxic precursors or leads to very low yields or small boron atom concentration. In this work, we report the synthesis of nanometric B2O3 nanodisks, a family of nanomaterials with a quasi-2D morphology capable of intense fluorescence in the visible range. Such as boron-based nanomaterial, which we synthesized by pulsed laser ablation of a boron target, is water-dispersible and nontoxic, and displays a highly crystalline structure. Moreover, its bright blue photoluminescence is highly sensitive and selective for the presence of Ni2+ ions in solution, down to extremely small concentrations in the picomolar range. The results are very promising in view of the use of such novel B2O3 nanodisks as ultrasensitive multi-messenger Ni2+ nanosensors.

Acute and Subacute Toxicity Evaluation of Erythrocyte Membrane-Coated Boron Nitride Nanoparticles

Boron nitride nanoparticles have been reported for boron drug delivery. However, its toxicity has not been systematically elucidated. It is necessary to clarify their potential toxicity profile after administration for clinical application. Here, we prepared erythrocyte membrane-coated boron nitride nanoparticles (BN@RBCM). We expect to use them for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) in tumors. In this study, we evaluated the acute toxicity and subacute toxicity of BN@RBCM of about 100 nm and determined the half-lethal dose (LD50) of the particles for mice. The results showed that the LD50 of BN@RBCM was 258.94 mg/kg. No remarkable pathological changes by microscopic observation were observed in the treated animals throughout the study period. These results indicate that BN@RBCM has low toxicity and good biocompatibility, which have great potential for biomedical applications.

Preparation and Thermal Conductivity Enhancement of Boron Nitride Nano-Material PiG Composite

With the improvement of the conversion efficiency of LED chip and fluorescent material and the increasing demand for high-brightness light sources, LED technology has begun to move toward the direction of high-power. However, there is a huge problem that high-power LED must face with a large amount of heat generated by high power causing a high temperature thermal decay or even thermal quenching of the fluorescent material in the device, resulting in a reduction of the luminous efficiency, color coordinates, color rendering index, light uniformity, and service life of LED. In order to solve this problem, fluorescent materials with high thermal stability and better heat dissipation were prepared to enhance their performance in high-power LED environments. A variety of boron nitride nanomaterials were prepared by the solid phase-gas phase method. By adjusting the ratio of boric acid to urea in the raw material, different BN nanoparticles and nanosheets were obtained. Moreover, the control of catalyst amount and synthesis temperature can be used to synthesize boron nitride nanotubes with various morphologies. By adding different morphologies and quantities of BN material in PiG (phosphor in glass), the mechanical strength, heat dissipation, and luminescent properties of the sheet can be effectively controlled. PiG prepared by adding the right number of nanotubes and nanosheets has higher quantum efficiency and better heat dissipation after being excited by high power LED.

Identification of Thermophysical and Rheological Properties of SAE 5w-30 with Addition of Hexagonal Boron Nitride

This research uses SAE 5W-30 lubricant base material with the addition of Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN) nanoparticle additives. This study aims to analyze the thermophysical and rheological properties of lubricants with the addition of nanoparticles. The method in this study uses a two-step method where nanoparticles are first prepared separately, then added with nanoparticles with varying volume fractions of 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% into the base fluid as a processing step. The next step is the stirring process using a magnetic stirrer, and ultrasonic homogenizer process. Furthermore, the nanolubricant was tested for thermophysical properties including viscosity, density, thermal conductivity, and sedimentation.

Boron nitride decorated poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) composite nanofibers: A promising material for biomedical applications

In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) nanofibers loaded with boron nitride nanoparticles (mBN) were fabricated by using electrospinning and crosslinked by heat treatment. The physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, hydrophilic behavior, and degradability of composite nanofibers were evaluated. The mechanical properties such as elastic modulus, elongation percentage at the break, and mechanical strength of PVA/PAA nanofibers improved with mBN loading. The thermal conductivity of composite nanofibers reached 0.12 W/m·K at mBN content of 1.0 wt% due to the continuous heat conduction pathways of mBN. In the meantime, while there was no cytotoxicity recorded for both L929 and HUVEC cell lines for all composite nanofibers, the antimicrobial efficiency improved with the incorporation of mBN compared with PVA/PAA and recorded as 68.8% and 75.1% for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. On this basis, the present work proposes a promising biomaterial for biomedical applications such as dual drug delivery, particularly including both hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs or wound dressing.

Effect of BN nanoparticle content in SiC matrix on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC/SiC composites

AbstractBN‐nanoparticle‐containing SiC‐matrix‐based composites comprising SiC fibers and lacking a fiber/matrix interface (SiC/BN + SiC composites) were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1800°C for 10 min under 50 MPa in Ar. The content of added BN nanoparticles was varied from 0 to 50 vol.%. The mechanical properties of the SiC/BN + SiC composites were investigated thoroughly. The SiC/BN + SiC composites with a BN nanoparticle content of 50 vol.%, which had a bulk density of 2.73 g/cm3 and an open porosity of 5.8%, exhibited quasiductile fracture behavior, as indicated by a short nonlinear region and significantly shorter fiber pullouts owing to the relatively high modulus. The composites also exhibited high strength as well as bending, proportional limit stress, and ultimate tensile strength values of 496 ± 13, 251 ± 30, and 301 MPa ± 56 MPa, respectively, under ambient conditions. The SiC fibers with contents of BN nanoparticles above 30 vol.% were not severely damaged during SPS and adhered to the matrix to form a relatively weak fiber/matrix interface.

Polytetrafluoroethylene Nanocomposites with Engineered Boron Nitride Nanobarbs for Thermally Conductive and Electrically Insulating Microelectronics and Microwave Devices

The demands for effective thermally conductive dielectric composite materials continue to increase due to high speed and low-loss signal propagation required in microwave frequency applications. Composites of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and boron nitride are promising for these applications. Here, for the first time, recent generation surface-engineered boron nitride nanobarbs (BNNB) material was evaluated at a low filler content in PTFE to achieve the desirable high thermal conductivity and low dielectric loss requirements which are typically difficult without a strong filler–matrix interaction and high filler loading. Composites of modified BNNB and modified PTFE were also fabricated and evaluated. These composites exhibited higher thermal conductivity (1.2–1.3 W/mK) with a lower concentration of boron nitride nanoparticles than those reported in the literature. The data were analyzed by theoretical models and interfacial thermal resistance was the lowest for the composite made from the modified PTFE and modified BNNB. Additionally, the composites displayed excellent dielectric properties including a dielectric constant ≈2.3 and loss tangent of less than 0.005 at frequencies of 1–3 GHz. These results indicate that such thermally conductive and low-loss dielectric composites have significant potential as materials for thermal management and dielectric components in microelectronics, 5G, and microwave devices.