Bone Tissue In Women Research Articles

Ethnic characteristics of bone remodeling in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Structural and metabolic disorders of bone tissue in women with T2DM have no clinical manifestations, but they are accompanied by the risk of fractures.Aim: To study the parameters of bone metabolism, BMD and microarchitectonics in female patients with T2DM in the Buryat population.Materials and methods: The observational single-center one-stage controlled study included 73 women with T2DM, which were divided into 2 groups depending on the functional state of the ovaries (reproductive and postmenopausal periods). In each group, subgroups of the Buryat and Russian populations were identified. The first group included 34 patients with T2DM of the reproductive period: 16 from the Buryat population and 18 from the Russian population. The second group consisted of 39 postmenopausal patients with T2DM: 17 from the Buryat population and 22 from the Russian population. The study of BMD in the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck (Neck), in the proximal femur (Total hip), trabecular bone score (TBS), serum osteocalcin (OC), N-terminal propeptide type 1 procollagen was carried out (P1NP), vitamin D 25 (OH), blood plasma type I collagen C-terminal telopeptide (β-Cross laps) and ionized calcium (iCa).Results: In female patients with T2DM of the reproductive age of the Buryat population, an increase in both markers of osteosynthesis P1NP (p=0.035), OC (p=0.047), and bone resorption β-Cross laps (p=0.040) was found relative to the similar group of the Russian population. In women with T2DM in the postmenopausal period of the Buryat population, there was also an increase in P1NP (p = 0.016), OC (p = 0.048), β-Cross laps (p = 0.020) compared with the group of postmenopausal women in the Russian population. Structural disorders, characterized by a decrease in TBS, were detected only in the postmenopausal period in female patients of the Buryat population compared to women in the Russian population (p = 0.029).Comparative analysis among women with T2DM of the Buryat population, depending on the functional state of the ovaries, showed that activation of bone remodeling with an increase in P1NP (p = 0.019), OC (p = 0.004) and β-Cross laps (p = 0.004) is characteristic of postmenopausal women accompanied by a decrease in BMD Neck (p = 0.006), BMD Total hip (p = 0.003), BMD L1-L4 (p = 0.049) and TBS (p = 0.020) relative to female patients with T2DM in the reproductive period.Conclusion: In women with T2DM in the Buryat population, both in the reproductive and postmenopausal periods, an increase in bone remodeling markers and BMD stability was found when compared with the corresponding groups of patients in the Russian population. The postmenopausal period was characterized by an additional decrease in TBS in patients with T2DM in the Buryat population relative to women in the Russian population.

Osteodensitometric Characteristics of Bone Tissue in Women with Normal Body Weight

The aim of the study was to investigate age-related changes in bone mineralization indicators in the lumbar vertebrae in women with normal body weight living in the conditions of the Northern region.Material and methods. A complex somatometric examination and quantitative assessment of the bone tissue mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae were performed according to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry of a group of Slavic women (n=127) with a normal body weight (BMI values from 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2) aged 20 to 87 years, permanently residing in the Republic of Karelia. Statistical processing of the material was performed using the program "STATISTICA 6.0".Results. The BMI values in women increased significantly every decade of life. Direct correlations of mineral bone density (MBD) with the body length (r=0.46, p<0.001), with the body surface area (r=0.46, p<0.001), with absolute muscle mass (MM) (r=0.39, p<0.001), and with body mass (r=0.29, p<0.001) were revealed. No significant correlation with the adipose mass was found. The incidence of low MBD of the lumbar vertebrae was 48%: osteopenia was in 29%, osteoporosis was in 19% of women. The analysis of the component composition of the body in women with different levels of bone mass showed significant differences in the absolute content of muscle mass.Conclusion. In women with a normal BMI, body weight and muscle mass play an essential role in maintaining lumbar vertebrae bone mineral density.

Mathematical modeling and the assessment of the structural and functional state of bone tissue in women with arterial hypertension and obesity

Mathematical modeling and the assessment of the structural and functional state of bone tissue in women with arterial hypertension and obesity

Mathematical modeling and the assessment of the structural and functional state of bone tissue in women with arterial hypertension and obesity

140 postmenopausal women aged 48 - 60 y. o. were examined. They had stage I - II arterial hypertension of the 1-2 degree and obesity of the I degree. All of them worked under the adverse labour conditions. The relationship between bone mineral density, osteoprotegrin level and additional factors that have an adverse effect on the state of bone tissue were studied. A correlation analysis of the relationship between T-criterion, the level of osteoprotegrin and the length of service, the duration of the postmenopausal period, the duration of arterial hypertension, the level of systolic blood pressure, markers of bone remodeling, the level of 25 (OH) D3 and lipid metabolism was performed. Using the linear multiple regression model and taking into account the influence of several factors on the indicator modeled, mathematical models were created for the T-criterion and osteoprotegrin as the most informative indicators for assessing the state of bone tissue. Mathematical modeling allows with a high degree of confidence, using available laboratory indicators, which, when undergoing medical examinations, are obligatory for determination, to determine quickly, without special equipment and significant economic costs, evaluate the structural and functional state of bone tissue in this category of women.

Mineral density of bone tissue in women with arthrosis of various locations

Arthrosis and osteoporosis — common diseases of the musculoskeletal system in the elderly, precocious and senile age, which predetermines the study of their general pathogenetic mechanisms of development. Objective: to study the bone mineral density in women with various clinical forms of arthrosis. Methods: bone mineral density was analyzed in 282 patients over 56 years of age with gonarthrosis, coxarthrosis and spondyloarthrosis. The examined groups of patients did not differ by body mass index and age. The bone mineral density study was performed on the bone densitometer «Explorer QDR W» (Hologic) in the lumbar spine, proximal femoral area, with an additional assessment of the femoral neck or distal posterior part of the forearm. The diagnosis of «osteopenia» or «osteoporosis» was established in accordance with WHO recommendations fand using t-criterion. Digital figures were statistically calculated using the Excel 2003 program. Results: after analyzing the densitometric measurements of bone mineral density in patients with various clinical forms of arthrosis, the lowest rates were observed in women with coxarthrosis (80.4 %) and spondylarthrosis (71.4 %). In patients with gonarthrosis, bone mineral density rates were reduced by 57.2 %. Osteoporosis was found in 26.1 % of women with gonorrhea, 25.5 % with coxarthrosis, and 38.4 % with spondylarthrosis. Significant decrease in bone mineral density was found in the axial part of the skeleton (lumbar spine and femoral neck) in patients with coxarthrosis and gonarthrosis compared to the forearm bones (p < 0.05). In the case of spondylarthrosis, the decrease in bone mineral density is recorded both in the axial and in the peripheral parts of the skeleton. Conclusions: women with different clinical forms of osteoarthritis have low bone mineral density with a prevalence of osteopenia. The obtained data testify to the need for further study of the common pathogenetic mechanisms for the development of reduction of bone mineral density and arthrosis.

Arsenic exposure associated with decreased bone mineralization in male

Objective: Arsenic (As) exposure may cause several medical problems. There were a few studies investigated whether it has affected bone tissue in women. However, there was no study in men. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between bone mineral density (BMD) and As exposure in men subjects.Material and methods: We enrolled in this study 254 subjects who due to chronic As exposure suspected and 82 subjects as a control group. Hair As levels were detected by a hair analysis (Varian AA240Z Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, USA). BMD measurements were obtained using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry instrumentation. We investigated associations between the hair As levels and BMD measurements.Results: The frequency of osteoporosis and osteopenia was found to be 0.8% and 54.5%, respectively, in the As exposure group. The frequency of osteoporosis was found to be 1% and osteopenia was 32.4% in control subjects. There was significant difference between two groups (p < 0.001). Hair As level has a median 1.01 (min: 0.06 and max: 25.71). There were no significant correlation between hair As levels and BMD measurements.Conclusion: According to our observations, As exposure was associated with bone metabolism. Possible cause of osteopenia may be exposure to As. Further investigations are needed to estimate the relationship between As and bone metabolism.

Gene expression patterns in the bone tissue of women with fibrous dysplasia

Fibrous dysplasia is an isolated skeletal disorder caused by a somatic activating mutation of GNAS gene with abnormal unmineralized matrix overproduction and extensive undifferentiated bone cell accumulation in the fibro-osseous lesions. The aim of our investigation was to identify genes that are differently expressed in fibrous versus non-fibrous human bone and to describe the relationships between these genes using multivariate data analysis. Six bone tissue samples from female patients with fibrous dysplastia (FD) and seven bone tissue samples from women without FD (non-FD) were examined. The expression differences of selected 118 genes were analyzed by the TaqMan probe-based quantitative real-time RT-PCR system. The Mann-Whitney U-test indicated marked differences in the expression of 22 genes between FD and non-FD individuals. Nine genes were upregulated in FD women compared to non-FD ones and 18 genes showed a downregulated pattern. These altered genes code for minor collagen molecules, extracellular matrix digesting enzymes, transcription factors, adhesion molecules, growth factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and lipid metabolism-affected substrates. Canonical variates analysis demonstrated that FD and non-FD bone tissues can be distinguished by the multiple expression profile analysis of numerous genes controlled via a G-protein coupled pathway and BMP cascade as well as genes coding for extracellular matrix composing molecules. The remarkable changed gene expression profile observed in the fibrous dysplastic human bone tissue may provide further insight into the pathogenetic process of fibrous degeneration of bone.